Unit 2 语法专练 现在完成时与反身代词 2025-2026学年北师大版英语八年级下册

北师大版8下第二单元语法专练 现在完成时与反身代词 第一部分：现在完成时 一、核心构成 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 I have finished my homework. She has seen the movie. 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 I haven‘t finished yet. He hasn’t arrived. 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ Have you ever been to Beijing？ Has she done her work？ 2、 基本用法 用法 说明 标志词 经历/经验 过去发生，强调对现在的影响 ever， never， before， once， twice 已完成 动作刚结束，常与just， already， yet连用 just， already， yet 延续性 动作从过去持续到现在，可能继续 for + 时间段， since + 时间点 例句： I have never eaten snake. （经历） She has just left. （完成） He has lived here for ten years. （延续） 三、注意事项 1. 短暂动词与延续性动词 短暂动词（如 buy， die， leave， join）不能与 for/since 连用表示持续，需改为延续性动词： buy → have die → be dead leave → be away join → be in/be a member of open → be open close → be closed 例：He has had the car for two years. （√） He has bought the car for two years. （×） 2. have been to 与 have gone to have been to：去过某地（已回来） have gone to：去了某地（未回来） 例：—Where is Tom？ —He has gone to the library. （人不在） I have been to Shanghai twice. （人在说话地） 第二部分：反身代词 1、 构成 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself（我自己） ourselves（我们自己） 第二人称 yourself（你自己） yourselves（你们自己） 第三人称 himself（他自己）herself（她自己）itself（它自己） themselves（他们自己） 二、基本用法 1. 强调作用（亲自、本人） I myself fixed the computer. （我亲自修的） The president himself came. （总统本人来了） 2. 动作返回主语自身 Be careful！ Don‘t cut yourself. She bought herself a new dress. 3. 固定搭配 by oneself = alone（独自地） He lives by himself. enjoy oneself = have a good time（玩得开心） We enjoyed ourselves at the party. help oneself to（随便吃/用） Help yourselves to some fish， boys. teach oneself = learn by oneself（自学） He taught himself English. dress oneself（给自己穿衣服） The baby can dress himself. 第三部分：练习题 一、单项选择（共15题） 1. — Where is your mother？ — She ______ to the supermarket. A. has been B. has gone C. went 2. My brother taught ______ how to play the guitar. A. him B. himself C. he 3. I ______ the book yet. Can I keep it for another week？ A. haven’t finished B. didn’t finish C. won’t finish 4. The children enjoyed ______ at the party last night. A. them B. themselves C. they 5. My uncle ______ in this factory since he was 20. A. worked B. works C. has worked 6. — ______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall？ — Yes， I went there last year. A. Have； been B. Did； go C. Have； gone 7. My little sister is only 5， but she can wash ______ clothes by ______. A. her； herself B. herself； her C. her； her 8. I ______ my key. I can’t open the door. A. lost B. have lost C. lose 9. Tom and Mike， you‘re old enough to take care of ______. A. yourself B. yourselves C. myself 10. His father ______ the party for two weeks. A. has joined B. has been in C. joined 11. The cat is cleaning ______. It’s so cute. A. itself B. himself C. itself 12. — Is your father in？ — No， he ______ to Shanghai. He ______ there twice. A. has been； has gone B. has gone； has been C. has gone； has gone 13. We enjoyed ______ at the English party last weekend. A. myself B. ourselves C. us 14. — ______ you ______ your homework yet？ — Yes， I ______ it half an hour ago. A. Did； do； finished B. Have； done； finished C. Have； done； have finished 15. The girl is too young to look after ______， but she can dress ______. A. her； herself B. herself； herself C. herself； her 二、用所给词的正确形式填空（共15题） 1. She is very young. She can‘t dress ______. （she） 2. I ______ already ______ （see） the film. It’s boring. 3. We must learn to look after ______ when we are alone. （we） 4. He ______ （not finish） his homework yet. He is still playing. 5. Please help ______ to some fish， Tom and Jerry. （you） 6. The boy is very smart. He taught ______ （he） English. 7. I ______ just ______ （finish） my work. Now I can have a rest. 8. Help ______ （you） to some fruit， kids！ 9. My cousin ______ （be） a policeman since 2018. 10. Be careful with the knife， or you‘ll hurt ______ （you）. 11. They ______ （know） each other for ten years. 12. The dog can open the door by ______ （it）. 13. She ______ already ______ （see） the movie twice. 14. We must do it by ______ （we）. Nobody can help us. 15. — Where is my dictionary？ — Sorry， I ______ （not see） it. 三、句型转换（2题） 1. He has already finished the work. （改为否定句） He ______ finished the work ______. 2. She bought the bike three years ago. （改为现在完成时） She ______ ______ the bike for three years. 四、句子翻译（5题） 1. 我哥哥自学了如何做饭。 2. 他们还没有读完这本书。 3. 小女孩正在自言自语。（提示：say to oneself） 4. 你曾经吃过北京烤鸭吗？ 5. 请随便吃些蛋糕，孩子们！ 五、改错题（5题） （每句话中有一处错误，找出并改正） 1. I have bought this dictionary since two years ago. 2. She taught her how to swim last summer. 3. They have gone to the museum twice. 4. Help yourself to some fish， boys. 5. He has joined the army for five years. 第四部分：答案解析 一、单项选择 1. B —— 问“你妈妈在哪？”，说明人不在。“去了某地（未回）”用 has gone to。 2. B —— 主语是My brother，动作taught作用在他自己身上，用 himself。 3. A —— 句尾 yet 是现在完成时标志，且表示否定。 4. B —— 固定搭配 enjoy oneself，主语children复数，用 themselves。 5. C —— since he was 20 是现在完成时标志，表示动作从过去持续到现在。 6. A —— ever是现在完成时标志，问“去过某地（已回）”用 have been to。 7. A —— wash her clothes（她的衣服），by herself（她自己）。 8. B —— 强调丢钥匙对现在的影响（进不了门），用现在完成时。 9. B —— Tom and Mike是两个人，反身代词用 yourselves。 10. B —— for two weeks是时间段，join是短暂动词，需改为 has been in。 11. A —— 猫是动物，反身代词用 itself。 12. B —— has gone to（去了未回），has been to（去过已回）。 13. B —— enjoy oneself，主语we，用 ourselves。 14. B —— yet是完成时标志；half an hour ago是过去时间，用一般过去时 finished。 15. B —— look after herself（照顾她自己），dress herself（给自己穿衣服）。 二、用词填空 1. herself —— 她给自己穿衣服。 2. have； seen —— already是完成时标志。 3. ourselves —— 照顾我们自己。 4. hasn‘t finished —— yet是完成时标志，主语he。 5. yourselves —— Tom and Jerry是两个人。 6. himself —— 他自学英语。 7. have； finished —— just是完成时标志。 8. yourselves —— kids是复数。 9. has been —— since 2018是完成时标志。 10. yourself —— 伤到你自己。 11. have known —— for ten years是完成时标志。 12. itself —— 狗自己。 13. has； seen —— already是完成时标志。 14. ourselves —— 我们自己。 15. haven’t seen —— 强调没看到对现在的影响。 三、句型转换 1. hasn‘t； yet —— 现在完成时否定句在have/has后加not，肯定句中的already改为yet放句末。 2. has had —— buy是短暂动词，改为延续性动词had，主语she用has。 四、句子翻译 1. My brother taught himself how to cook. 2. They haven’t finished reading this book yet. 3. The little girl is saying to herself. 4. Have you ever eaten Beijing Roast Duck？ 5. Help yourselves to some cake， children！ 五、改错题 1. bought → had —— buy是短暂动词，不能与since连用，应改为延续性动词had。 2. her → herself —— 教她自己游泳，应用反身代词。 3. gone → been —— 去了两次，说明已回来，应用have been to。 4. yourself → yourselves —— boys是复数，反身代词用yourselves。 5. joined → been in —— join是短暂动词，不能与for连用，应改为been in。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $