专题01 动词时态和语态（复习讲义）（福建专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦动词时态、语态及主谓一致三大核心考点，依据中考命题规律构建“考情分析-专题框架-重难突破-预测闯关”系统架构，通过标志词定位、时态辨析、语境暗示等方法指导，结合真题联动训练，帮助学生突破时态呼应、主动表被动等难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 亮点在于“语境化+综合化”教学策略，如通过“过去进行时vs一般过去时”语境对比题，培养学生思维品质中的分析推断能力，结合“情态动词被动”“主谓一致就近原则”等高频考点专项训练，提升语言运用能力。设“真题演练+预测闯关”分层练习，配合易错警示即时反馈，确保高效复习，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词时态 考点二 被动语态 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 地位：时态、语态为语法核心，单选年均 3-4 题；主谓一致偶有考查，为隐形失分点。 趋势：语境化、综合化，弱化纯规则，强化 “时态 + 语态 + 主谓一致” 联动考查。 分布：时态聚焦一般现在 / 过去 / 将来、现在完成、过去进行；语态以一般现在 / 过去 / 将来被动为主；主谓一致集中就近 / 就远、特殊名词、不定代词。 热考角度 核心考点聚焦 （一）动词时态（5 大角度） 1. 标志词定位 · 现在完成时：already/yet/just/ever/never/for + 时间段 /since + 时间点 /so far · 过去进行时：at 8 yesterday/when/while 引导的过去状语 · 一般过去时：yesterday/last week/in 2023/just now 2. 时态辨析（难点） · 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时：前者强调对现在的影响 / 结果，后者仅陈述过去动作 · 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时：前者表过去某刻正在进行，后者表过去完成动作 3. 语境暗示（无标志词） · 例：—I didn’t see you at the party. —Oh, I was repairing my son’s model plane.（语境暗示过去某刻动作） 4. 时态呼应 · 宾语从句：主句过去时，从句用相应过去时；客观真理用一般现在时 · 状语从句：主将从现（if/when + 一般现在时，主句一般将来时） 5. 不规则动词：高频 go-went-gone、do-did-done、see-saw-seen 等 （二）被动语态（4 大角度） 1. 被动判断：主语为动作承受者（物作主语高频），或执行者不重要 2. 时态 + 语态结合：一般现在 / 过去 / 将来 / 现在完成时被动结构（be+done） 3. 主动表被动：感官动词（look/sound）、不及物动词（happen/take place）、表属性词（sell/wash） 4. 情态动词被动：can/must/should+be+done （三）主谓一致（5 大角度） 1. 就近原则：there be、either…or…、neither…nor…、not only…but also… 2. 就远原则：主语 + with/together with/as well as/except 3. 特殊名词：people/police 永远复数；news/advice 永远单数；集体名词（family/team）视语境单复 4. 不定代词：everyone/anyone/nothing/each→单数 5. 数量概念：时间 / 金钱 / 距离作主语→单数；a number of→复数，the number of→单数 命题预测 1. 时态多结合具体时间状语（如yesterday、now、tomorrow、for+时间段、since+时间点）或上下文语境，侧重“时态的语境判断”，避免单纯考查时态结构。 2. 语态围绕“高频时态的被动语态”（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态），结构为“am/is/are+done、was/were+done、will be+done”；偶尔涉及“情态动词的被动语态”（can be done、must be done）。 3. 主谓一致，多为日期、年龄、数量、顺序的描述，侧重“数词的正确拼写和用法”，避免考查复杂的分数、小数表达，贴合基础备考需求。 考点一 动词时态 1．（2025·福建·中考真题）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need. A．offered B．has offered C．was offering 2．（2024·福建·中考真题）When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．helps B．was helping C．will help 3．（2023·福建·中考真题）—Sally, I ________ the picture already. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．finish B．have finished C．was finishing 4．（2022·福建·中考真题）Since 2021, our school ________ all kinds of after-school services for students. A．provides B．is providing C．has provided 5．（2021·福建·中考真题）Hurry up! Mr. Brown ________ for us in the meeting room at the moment. A．is waiting B．will wait C．waited 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 一般现在时 一般过去时 考察最多的主要集中在 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1、动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at 8 o’clock. 2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。 3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。 例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 现在完成时 过去完成时 1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, before, yet；since 和 for 2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day 2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。 1. 一般现在时 · 标志：often, usually, always, every day · 结构：主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 + s/es · 三单变化：同名词复数规则 2. 一般过去时 · 标志：yesterday, last week, …ago, just now · 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 · 不规则：go→went, eat→ate, do→did, have→had 3. 一般将来时 · 标志：tomorrow, next week, in the future · 结构：will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 4. 现在进行时 · 标志：now, look, listen · 结构：am/is/are + doing 5. 过去进行时 · 标志：at that time, at 8:00 last night, when · 结构：was/were + doing 6. 现在完成时 · 标志：already, yet, ever, never, for, since · 结构：have/has + done · 短暂动词不能和 for/since 连用： 错：have died 对：have been dead 1．—You didn’t show up at the book sale yesterday, did you? —Yes, I ________ for the English exam at that time. A．was preparing B．am preparing C．have prepared 2．—Look! My mom ________ a T-shirt for me! —Wow, it looks nice on you! A．make B．has made C．is making 3．—Where are Jason and Eason? —They ________ Mount Wuyi this morning. A．have gone to B．have been in C．have been to 4．—Is Mrs. Smith at home? —No, she ________ to the office. A．went B．has gone C．is going 5．—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．began 6．—By the way, where is Michael?      —He ________ the library, and he ________ there half an hour ago. A．has gone to; goes B．has been to; went C．has gone to;went 7．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Green? —I’ve no idea. I ________ there. A．haven’t been to B．haven’t gone C．haven’t been 8．The Chinese men’s team ________ three matches in the World Table Tennis Competition so far, and it won all of them easily. A．plays B．played C．has played 9．Lots of visitors from the northern part of China ________ Xiamen many times. A．have been in B．have been to C．have gone to 10．—Tom, may I use my dictionary? You ________ it for several days. —Of course, I’m sorry. I really need it for my homework now. A．have bought B．have kept C．have borrowed 11．—Jack, are you going to Jim’s birthday party on Sunday? —I will go if I ______. A．will be invited B．am invited C．am inviting 12．—Have you seen my sister? —Yes. I ________ her in the library ten minutes ago. A．meet B．have met C．met 13．—I hear that you have been to Italy. Is that true? —Yes. I ________ there last year. It’s a beautiful country. A．went B．go C．have gone 14．—How long have you been in Fuzhou? —I have lived here ________. A．two years ago B．since two years ago C．two years later 15．—Look! How tidy our school hall is! —Yeah. The volunteers ________ it carefully to welcome the new students. A．will clean B．have cleaned C．were cleaning 16．Listen, boys. If you don’t follow the rules at school, you ________. A．are punished B．will punish C．will be punished 17．—Dad, I ________ my homework already. Can I play chess with you? —Of course. A．finished B．have finished C．was finishing 18．—Are your grandparents learning English? —Yes. They _________ it for two years. They show a great interest in it. A．learn B．have learned C．will learn 19．—Look, who ________ the classroom? The classroom is clean. —It is not me. I came back just now. A．is cleaning B．clean C．has cleaned 20．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has gone to, left B．has been to, has left C．has been in, left 考点二 被动语态 1．（2025·福建·中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. A．named B．was named C．will be named 2．（2024·福建·中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A．will be taken B．are taking C．were taken 3．（2023·福建·中考真题）Modern technologies ________ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023. A．were used B．are using C．will be used 4．（2022·福建·中考真题）Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering. A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for 5．（2021·福建·中考真题）Many research labs ________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China. A．are building B．will be built C．were built 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 1. 基本结构 · 一般现在时：am/is/are + done · 一般过去时：was/were + done · 一般将来时：will be + done · 情态动词：情态动词 + be + done 2. 使用场合 · 不知道动作执行者 · 强调动作承受者 · 正式文体 3. 常考句型 · be allowed to do 被允许做 · be used to do 被用来做 · be made to do 被迫做（主动省 to，被动加 to） 4. 主动变被动口诀 · 宾语变主语，动词变 be done，主语前加 by 1．Wuyi rock tea ________ rock tea because the tea trees grow in the cracks of rocks. A．is called B．calls C．called 2．— Many accidents ________ by careless drivers last year. —Oh, that’s terrible. We must follow the traffic rules. A．are caused B．were caused C．have caused 3．World Humanoid Robot Games ________ in Beijing on August 24th this year and many robots joined the competition. A．held B．was held C．holds 4．The bookstore ________ in 1980 and it has become a cinema in recent years. A．built B．is built C．was built 5．Tea ________ on the sides of mountains. A．grows B．is grown C．has grown 6．—China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. —Really? Congratulations. A．named B．was named C．will be named 7．Nowadays, 5G technology ________ in many fields like online education and smart homes. A．use B．used C．is used 8．—Jack, are you going to Jim’s birthday party on Sunday? —I will go if I ______. A．will be invited B．am invited C．am inviting 9．Low-carbon tourism (低碳旅行) ________ by more and more travelers because it is eco-friendly. A．chose B．is chosen C．is choosing 10．Today, new energy vehicles ________ in many Chinese cities to protect the environment. A．are seen B．is seen C．was seen 11．Listen, boys. If you don’t follow the rules at school, you ________. A．are punished B．will punish C．will be punished 12．—Why is Tony unhappy? —He _________ by his father for not telling the truth just now. A．punished B．is punished C．was punished 13．—Do you have any problems if the job ________? —Well, I’m thinking about the working day. A．will be offered B．is offered C．will offer 14．—Electric cars ________ by more and more people. —You are right. Technology has improved our lives. A．drive B．drove C．are driven 15．I got excited when my writing ________ as a model in class. A．reads B．is reading C．was read 16．—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Strawberry Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．was held B．held C．was holding 17．The weather was terrible. We ________ that the flight was canceled. A．told B．were told C．tell 18．—It’s said that a new kind of robot ________ soon. It can take care of the old. —Amazing! I can’t wait to see it. A．invent B．will invent C．will be invented 19．— The 2025 Wuhan Humanoid Robot Exhibition ______ in China. — I’m sure it will be a great success. A．were held B．will hold C．will be held 20．My advice on how to sort rubbish ________ by my neighbors last month. A．accepted B．was accepted C．is accepted 1．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Look, I ________ the Chinese painting. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．have finished B．will finish C．am finishing 2．（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）—Shall we go to the museum tomorrow? —I’d love to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I ________ my grandparents. A．visit B．visited C．will visit 3．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish 4．（2025·福建南平·一模）—________ you ever ________ to Beijing?   — Yes, twice. It’s a beautiful place. A．Have; gone B．Did; go C．Have; been 5．（2025·福建南平·一模）When I called KangKang last night, he ________ the living room with his mother. A．cleans B．was cleaning C．helped 6．（2025·福建泉州·三模）— Why didn’t you attend the meeting? — I ________ a report for the boss. A．am writing B．have written C．was writing 7．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Would you like to see the film Wandering Earth III with me? —Thank you! But it’s a pity that I ________ it last week. A．see B．saw C．have seen 8．（2025·福建莆田·模拟预测）—I heard Putian Lumian is amazing. —Right! I ______ Putian Lumian already. It’s the most delicious dish I’ve ever had! A．try B．tried C．have tried 9．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Did you visit Hong Kong during this winter vacation? —I ________ there twice. It’s too busy. So I went to Yunnan. A．visited B．have visited C．will visit 10．（2025·福建泉州·二模）My English ______ a lot since I used my teacher’s “Three Steps for Learning English” advice. A．improves B．will improve C．has improved 11．（2025·福建南平·二模）— Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? — There _______ an exciting basketball game in ten minutes. A．will be B．will have C．is going to have 12．（2025·福建南平·二模）—Jane, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ a speech for the graduation ceremony at that time yesterday. A．will practice B．have practiced C．was practicing 13．（2025·福建漳州·模拟预测）Don’t return the book to Anna. I _________ it. A．don’t read B．won’t read C．haven’t read 14．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—You will let your parents down if you ________ the exam. —I’ll do my best to prepare for it. A．will fail B．failed C．fail 15．（2025·福建泉州·三模）—Oh, the headache is driving me mad. —No wonder. You ________ the computer games for three hours. A．have played B．were playing C．are playing 16．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Surprising! Our little son stays away from that pool. —Good boy. I ________ him not to get close to it twice. A．have warned B．will warn C．was warning 17．（2025·福建厦门·二模）Jenny who I ________ to know in Australia has worked in China for a year already. We are going to meet next week. A．got B．will get C．has got 18．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—I’m hungry. Let’s eat out. —I ________ the dinner. Come and have it together. A．am cooking B．have cooked C．was cooking 19．（2025·福建宁德·二模）—Who ________ the meeting room? It is tidy and nice. —Amy. She is going to host an English corner here later. A．is cleaning B．will clean C．has cleaned 20．（2025·福建龙岩·二模）—Do you know the changes of this city? —Of course. I ________ in this city since I was born. A．live B．have lived C．will live 21．（2025·福建泉州·三模）—The beautiful handiwork on the table looks so special. Who made it? —It ________ by my grandmother last week. She’s very skillful. A．makes B．made C．was made 22．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—I find sweeping the floor very tiring. —Why not buy a sweeping robot? It ______ widely nowadays. A．used B．is used C．was used 23．（2025·福建厦门·二模）2025 Dragon Boat Invitational (邀请赛) ________ successfully in Fuzhou. A．hold B．was held C．will hold 24．（2025·福建龙岩·二模）The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu from August 7 to 17, 2025. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 25．（2025·福建福州·三模）Min River ________ as a “mother river” of Fujian people. A．knows B．is known C．will be known 26．（2025·福建福州·三模）The third Belt and Road Forum ________ successfully in Beijing on Oct. 17th, 2023. A．will be held B．was held C．held 27．（2025·福建福州·三模）The students of Grade Nine ________ how to deal with stress from study yesterday. A．taught B．were taught C．will be taught 28．（2025·福建莆田·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines, ______ the “Medal of the Republic” years ago. A．awarded B．was awarded C．will be awarded 29．（2025·福建三明·三模）Yuan Longping is a great scientist. Today, he ________ by people all over the world. A．is loved B．was loved C．will be loved 30．（2025·福建泉州·三模）In the future, more foreign tourists ________ to experience the visa-free entry policy in China. A．were attracted B．are attracted C．will be attracted 31．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Strawberry Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．was held B．held C．was holding 32．（2025·福建厦门·二模）According to iMedia Research, the Chinese herbal drinks (草药饮品) market ________ to reach 100 billion yuan in 2028. A．is expected B．expects C．will expect 33．（2025·福建福州·三模）The Spring Festival ________ to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) on December 4, 2024. A．was added B．is added C．added 34．（2025·福建南平·二模）You can order food online and it ________ to you soon. A．is sent B．was sent C．will be sent 35．（2025·福建漳州·二模）The 2025 World Culture and Tourism Industry Expo (博览会) ________ in Guangzhou from May 10 to May 12. A．was holding B．was held C．is held 36．（2025·福建南平·二模）—How’s grandma? —She ________ the medicine and feels much better now. A．takes B．is taking C．has taken 37．（2025·福建泉州·一模）—The students ________ a project when the teacher entered the classroom. —No wonder they didn’t notice her. A．discussed B．will discuss C．were discussing 38．（2025·福建三明·一模）China ________ at a rapid speed now. We shouldn’t forget to protect the environment at the same time. A．developed B．is developing C．has developed 39．（2025·福建漳州·二模）Be quiet, please. The headmaster ________ us something important. A．told B．has told C．is going to tell 40．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Alice, your book report for Jane Eyre is due tomorrow! —Don’t worry, Mom. I _________ it last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．have finished 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词时态 考点二 被动语态 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 地位：时态、语态为语法核心，单选年均 3-4 题；主谓一致偶有考查，为隐形失分点。 趋势：语境化、综合化，弱化纯规则，强化 “时态 + 语态 + 主谓一致” 联动考查。 分布：时态聚焦一般现在 / 过去 / 将来、现在完成、过去进行；语态以一般现在 / 过去 / 将来被动为主；主谓一致集中就近 / 就远、特殊名词、不定代词。 热考角度 核心考点聚焦 （一）动词时态（5 大角度） 1. 标志词定位 · 现在完成时：already/yet/just/ever/never/for + 时间段 /since + 时间点 /so far · 过去进行时：at 8 yesterday/when/while 引导的过去状语 · 一般过去时：yesterday/last week/in 2023/just now 2. 时态辨析（难点） · 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时：前者强调对现在的影响 / 结果，后者仅陈述过去动作 · 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时：前者表过去某刻正在进行，后者表过去完成动作 3. 语境暗示（无标志词） · 例：—I didn’t see you at the party. —Oh, I was repairing my son’s model plane.（语境暗示过去某刻动作） 4. 时态呼应 · 宾语从句：主句过去时，从句用相应过去时；客观真理用一般现在时 · 状语从句：主将从现（if/when + 一般现在时，主句一般将来时） 5. 不规则动词：高频 go-went-gone、do-did-done、see-saw-seen 等 （二）被动语态（4 大角度） 1. 被动判断：主语为动作承受者（物作主语高频），或执行者不重要 2. 时态 + 语态结合：一般现在 / 过去 / 将来 / 现在完成时被动结构（be+done） 3. 主动表被动：感官动词（look/sound）、不及物动词（happen/take place）、表属性词（sell/wash） 4. 情态动词被动：can/must/should+be+done （三）主谓一致（5 大角度） 1. 就近原则：there be、either…or…、neither…nor…、not only…but also… 2. 就远原则：主语 + with/together with/as well as/except 3. 特殊名词：people/police 永远复数；news/advice 永远单数；集体名词（family/team）视语境单复 4. 不定代词：everyone/anyone/nothing/each→单数 5. 数量概念：时间 / 金钱 / 距离作主语→单数；a number of→复数，the number of→单数 命题预测 1. 时态多结合具体时间状语（如yesterday、now、tomorrow、for+时间段、since+时间点）或上下文语境，侧重“时态的语境判断”，避免单纯考查时态结构。 2. 语态围绕“高频时态的被动语态”（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态），结构为“am/is/are+done、was/were+done、will be+done”；偶尔涉及“情态动词的被动语态”（can be done、must be done）。 3. 主谓一致，多为日期、年龄、数量、顺序的描述，侧重“数词的正确拼写和用法”，避免考查复杂的分数、小数表达，贴合基础备考需求。 考点一 动词时态 1．（2025·福建·中考真题）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need. A．offered B．has offered C．was offering 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从去年开始，我们学校就为贫困学生提供免费早餐了。 考查现在完成时。根据“Since last year”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故选B。 2．（2024·福建·中考真题）When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．helps B．was helping C．will help 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我看见小王时，他正帮助一位老人过马路。 考查过去进行时。根据“When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ... an old man cross the road.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选B。 3．（2023·福建·中考真题）—Sally, I ________ the picture already. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．finish B．have finished C．was finishing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莎莉，我已经画完了。——哇，真漂亮！ 考查现在完成时。根据“already”可知本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，表示动作已结束，对现在有影响。故选B。 4．（2022·福建·中考真题）Since 2021, our school ________ all kinds of after-school services for students. A．provides B．is providing C．has provided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从2021年开始，学校为学生提供各种课外服务。 考查动词时态。since+过去的时间点，要与现在完成时have/has done的结构连用，故选C。 5．（2021·福建·中考真题）Hurry up! Mr. Brown ________ for us in the meeting room at the moment. A．is waiting B．will wait C．waited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：快点！布朗先生正在会议室等我们。 考查现在进行时。根据“at the moment”可知，此处强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，故选A。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 一般现在时 一般过去时 考察最多的主要集中在 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1、动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at 8 o’clock. 2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。 3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。 例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 现在完成时 过去完成时 1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, before, yet；since 和 for 2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day 2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。 1. 一般现在时 · 标志：often, usually, always, every day · 结构：主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 + s/es · 三单变化：同名词复数规则 2. 一般过去时 · 标志：yesterday, last week, …ago, just now · 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 · 不规则：go→went, eat→ate, do→did, have→had 3. 一般将来时 · 标志：tomorrow, next week, in the future · 结构：will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 4. 现在进行时 · 标志：now, look, listen · 结构：am/is/are + doing 5. 过去进行时 · 标志：at that time, at 8:00 last night, when · 结构：was/were + doing 6. 现在完成时 · 标志：already, yet, ever, never, for, since · 结构：have/has + done · 短暂动词不能和 for/since 连用： 错：have died 对：have been dead 1．—You didn’t show up at the book sale yesterday, did you? —Yes, I ________ for the English exam at that time. A．was preparing B．am preparing C．have prepared 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨天没出现在书展上，是吗？ ——是的，我那时正在为英语考试做准备。 考查动词时态。was preparing正在准备，过去进行时；am preparing正在准备，现在进行时；have prepared已经准备好，现在完成时。根据问句中的“yesterday”和答句中的“at that time”可知，动作发生在过去且正在持续进行，应使用过去进行时。故选A。 2．—Look! My mom ________ a T-shirt for me! —Wow, it looks nice on you! A．make B．has made C．is making 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！我妈妈给我做了一件T恤！——哇，你穿上真好看！ 考查动词时态。make制作，动词原形；has made已经制作，现在完成时；is making正在制作，现在进行时。根据答语“it looks nice on you”可知，T恤已经完成并穿在身上，强调动作已完成且对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 3．—Where are Jason and Eason? —They ________ Mount Wuyi this morning. A．have gone to B．have been in C．have been to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Jason和Eason在哪里？——他们今天早上去武夷山了。 考查现在完成时。have gone to 去了（未归）；have been in 已在（某地待了一段时间）；have been to 去过（已返回）。根据问句询问两人现在何处，结合“this morning”可知，他们今早出发去武夷山且现在不在说话地，强调“去了未归”应用have gone to。故选A。 4．—Is Mrs. Smith at home? —No, she ________ to the office. A．went B．has gone C．is going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——史密斯夫人在家吗？——不在，她去办公室了。 考查动词时态。根据“Is Mrs. Smith at home?”以及“No”可知史密斯夫人此刻不在家，去了办公室还没回来，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响（现在不在这里），应用现在完成时has gone。故选B。 5．—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．began 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——抱歉我迟到了。——没关系，电影刚开始5分钟。 考查时态与延续性动词。for only 5 minutes表示一段时间，需使用完成时并与延续性动词或表示延续状态的短语连用。begin是短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用，因此排除A和C。has been on表示“已经开始并持续”，可与时间段连用。故选B。 6．—By the way, where is Michael?      —He ________ the library, and he ________ there half an hour ago. A．has gone to; goes B．has been to; went C．has gone to;went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 顺便问一下，Michael在哪里？—— 他去了图书馆，并且他半小时前去了那里。 考查动词时态和短语辨析。have/has gone to表示去了某地未归，强调当前状态；have/has been to表示去过某地已回，强调经历。根据“where is Michael”和“there half an hour ago”可知，Michael去了图书馆未归，所以第一空应选“has gone to”；而由“half an hour ago”可知，此处句子时态为一般过去时，第二个空应填动词的过去式形式，故选C。 7．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Green? —I’ve no idea. I ________ there. A．haven’t been to B．haven’t gone C．haven’t been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——格林小姐，你觉得北京怎么样？——我不知道。我没去过那里。 考查现在完成时用法及动词短语辨析。haven’t been to没有去过某地；haven’t gone没有去某地（仍然未出发或未到达目的地）；haven’t been没有去过（后面不接地点名词时，省略to）。根据“I’ve no idea.”可知，格林小姐不知道北京怎么样，说明她没去过北京，且空后“there”是副词，其前不接介词to，所以此处应用haven’t been。故选C。 8．The Chinese men’s team ________ three matches in the World Table Tennis Competition so far, and it won all of them easily. A．plays B．played C．has played 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国男子乒乓球队迄今为止在世界乒乓球锦标赛中已经进行了三场比赛，并且都轻松获胜。 考查现在完成时。根据“so far”可知，时态应用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。此句主语为单数名称，助动词用has。故选C。 9．Lots of visitors from the northern part of China ________ Xiamen many times. A．have been in B．have been to C．have gone to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：很多来自中国北方的游客已经去过厦门很多次了。 考查时态。have been in一直在某地；have been to去过某地（已返回）；have gone to去了某地（未返回）。根据“many times”可知，强调曾经访问且已经返回，have been to符合语境。故选B。 10．—Tom, may I use my dictionary? You ________ it for several days. —Of course, I’m sorry. I really need it for my homework now. A．have bought B．have kept C．have borrowed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Tom，我可以用我的字典吗？你已经借了好几天了。——当然，对不起。我现在真的需要它做作业。 考查延续性动词：have bought已经买了，是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；have kept一直拿着/保留，是延续性动词，可与for several days连用；have borrowed已经借了，是瞬间动词，不能表示持续状态。根据“for several days”可知，需用延续性动词，故选B。 11．—Jack, are you going to Jim’s birthday party on Sunday? —I will go if I ______. A．will be invited B．am invited C．am inviting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，你周日要去吉姆的生日派对吗？——如果我被邀请，我就会去。 考查动词的时态和语态。will be invited一般将来时的被动语态；am invited一般现在时的被动语态；am inviting现在进行时。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；且“我”和“邀请”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”，主语是I，be动词用am，invite的过去分词是invited。故选B。 12．—Have you seen my sister? —Yes. I ________ her in the library ten minutes ago. A．meet B．have met C．met 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看见我妹妹了吗？——是的，十分钟前我在图书馆看见她了。 考查一般过去时。时间状语“ten minutes ago”表示过去的具体时间，因此是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故选C。 13．—I hear that you have been to Italy. Is that true? —Yes. I ________ there last year. It’s a beautiful country. A．went B．go C．have gone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我听说你去过意大利。是真的吗？——是的。我去年去的。那是一个美丽的国家。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，因此用went。故选A。 14．—How long have you been in Fuzhou? —I have lived here ________. A．two years ago B．since two years ago C．two years later 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在福州待多久了？——我从两年前就住在这里了。 考查现在完成时的时间状语。two years ago两年前；since two years ago从两年前以来；two years later两年后。根据“I have lived here”可知，此句是现在完成时，需用since短语表示从过去持续到现在的时间点。故选B。 15．—Look! How tidy our school hall is! —Yeah. The volunteers ________ it carefully to welcome the new students. A．will clean B．have cleaned C．were cleaning 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！我们学校大厅多整洁啊！——是的。志愿者们仔细地打扫了它以迎接新学生。 考查现在完成时。根据“Look! How tidy our school hall is!”可知，此句用现在完成时，表示现在大厅整洁，强调打扫动作已完成并对现在造成影响，结构为have/has done。故选B。 16．Listen, boys. If you don’t follow the rules at school, you ________. A．are punished B．will punish C．will be punished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：听着，孩子们！如果你不遵守学校的规定，你将受到惩罚。 考查条件状语从句中的时态和被动语态。在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；主语you与动词punish之间是被动关系，需用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 17．—Dad, I ________ my homework already. Can I play chess with you? —Of course. A．finished B．have finished C．was finishing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我已经做完作业了。我能和你下棋吗？——当然。 考查时态。根据“already”可知此处表示动作已完成且对现在有影响，需用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。 18．—Are your grandparents learning English? —Yes. They _________ it for two years. They show a great interest in it. A．learn B．have learned C．will learn 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的祖父母在学英语吗？——是的。他们学英语已经两年了。他们对此很感兴趣。 考查动词时态。learn一般现在时，have learned现在完成时，will learn 一般将来时。根据“for two years”可知，“for+时间段”常与现在完成时连用，have learned符合语境。故选B。 19．—Look, who ________ the classroom? The classroom is clean. —It is not me. I came back just now. A．is cleaning B．clean C．has cleaned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看，谁打扫了教室？教室很干净。——不是我。我刚回来。 考查动词时态。根据答语中“I came back just now”可知，打扫动作发生在过去，且对现在有影响（教室干净），因此问句需用现在完成时强调已完成动作的结果，谓语动词构成是have/has done。故选C。 20．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has gone to, left B．has been to, has left C．has been in, left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你好。露西在家吗？——不，她去图书馆了。她刚才给你留了个口信。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时的用法。has gone to表示去了某地，还没回来；has been to表示去过某地，已经回来了；has been in表示在某地待了一段时间；left留下，一般过去时；has left现在完成时。第一个空，根据回答“No”可知露西不在家，是去了图书馆还没回来，所以用“has gone to”；第二个空，“just now”是过去的时间状语，用于一般过去时，所以“leave留下”要用过去式“left”。故选A。 考点二 被动语态 1．（2025·福建·中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. A．named B．was named C．will be named 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国的北京图书馆在 2024 年荣获“年度公共图书馆”称号。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“in 2024”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 2．（2024·福建·中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A．will be taken B．are taking C．were taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：照片很漂亮。我想知道它们在哪里拍的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 3．（2023·福建·中考真题）Modern technologies ________ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023. A．were used B．are using C．will be used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现代技术将在2023年9月举行的第19届亚运会上使用。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“in September, 2023”可知，是将来时，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 4．（2022·福建·中考真题）Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering. A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上个月，小女孩的父母在做志愿者时，邻居们把她照顾得很好。 考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知，此句用一般过去时，主语little girl与动词care for之间是被动关系，故此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选B。 5．（2021·福建·中考真题）Many research labs ________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China. A．are building B．will be built C．were built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：未来5年，中国将建立许多研究实验室来发展科学技术。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语Many research labs是动作build的承受者，用被动语态，根据时间状语“in the next 5 years”可知，此处是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will be done。故选B。 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 1. 基本结构 · 一般现在时：am/is/are + done · 一般过去时：was/were + done · 一般将来时：will be + done · 情态动词：情态动词 + be + done 2. 使用场合 · 不知道动作执行者 · 强调动作承受者 · 正式文体 3. 常考句型 · be allowed to do 被允许做 · be used to do 被用来做 · be made to do 被迫做（主动省 to，被动加 to） 4. 主动变被动口诀 · 宾语变主语，动词变 be done，主语前加 by 1．Wuyi rock tea ________ rock tea because the tea trees grow in the cracks of rocks. A．is called B．calls C．called 【答案】A 【详解】句意：武夷岩茶被称为岩茶，因为茶树生长在岩石裂缝中。 考查被动语态。is called表示“被叫做”，是被动语态；calls为主动语态；called是过去分词或过去式。主语Wuyi rock tea是动作的接受者（被称呼），需用“be动词+过去分词”的被动结构。故选A。 2．— Many accidents ________ by careless drivers last year. —Oh, that’s terrible. We must follow the traffic rules. A．are caused B．were caused C．have caused 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——去年许多事故是由粗心的司机造成的。——哦，那太糟糕了。我们必须遵守交通规则。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；又因为主语“Many accidents”和谓语动词“cause”之间存在被动关系，即事故是被司机造成的，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+动词的过去分词”，主语“Many accidents”为复数，be动词用were，cause的过去分词是caused。故选B。 3．World Humanoid Robot Games ________ in Beijing on August 24th this year and many robots joined the competition. A．held B．was held C．holds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：世界人形机器人运动会于今年8月24日在北京举行，许多机器人参加了比赛。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“World Humanoid Robot Games”与动词hold之间是被动关系，且时间状语“on August 24th this year”表示过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词），主语为第三人称单数，故用was构成语态。故选B。 4．The bookstore ________ in 1980 and it has become a cinema in recent years. A．built B．is built C．was built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这家书店在1980年被建造，并且近年来它已经变成了一家电影院。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“in 1980”可知，动作发生在过去，且书店是被建造的，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。故选C。 5．Tea ________ on the sides of mountains. A．grows B．is grown C．has grown 【答案】B 【详解】句意：茶生长在山坡上。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Tea”可知，主语为第三人称单数，与动词grow构成被动关系，句子陈述一般事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，构成为be done，此处be动词应用is。故选B。 6．—China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. —Really? Congratulations. A．named B．was named C．will be named 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——中国北京图书馆在2024年被评为“年度公共图书馆”。——真的吗？恭喜。 考查时态和语态。named命名，一般过去时；was named被命名，一般过去时的被动语态；will be named将被命名，一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in 2024”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语“China’s Beijing Library”与谓语“name”为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 7．Nowadays, 5G technology ________ in many fields like online education and smart homes. A．use B．used C．is used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，5G技术在许多领域如在线教育和智能家居中被使用。 考查被动语态。主语“5G technology”是单数名词，且为动作的承受者，需用被动语态“be + 过去分词”。故选C。 8．—Jack, are you going to Jim’s birthday party on Sunday? —I will go if I ______. A．will be invited B．am invited C．am inviting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，你周日要去吉姆的生日派对吗？——如果我被邀请，我就会去。 考查动词的时态和语态。will be invited一般将来时的被动语态；am invited一般现在时的被动语态；am inviting现在进行时。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；且“我”和“邀请”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”，主语是I，be动词用am，invite的过去分词是invited。故选B。 9．Low-carbon tourism (低碳旅行) ________ by more and more travelers because it is eco-friendly. A．chose B．is chosen C．is choosing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：低碳旅行被越来越多的旅行者选择，因为环保。 考查被动语态。主语“low-carbon tourism”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应为一般现在时，且主语为单数，be动词用is，动词choose的过去分词为chosen，即is chosen。故选B。 10．Today, new energy vehicles ________ in many Chinese cities to protect the environment. A．are seen B．is seen C．was seen 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，在许多中国城市，为了保护环境，新能源汽车被广泛使用。 考查被动语态。根据“Today, new energy vehicles…”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“new energy vehicles”是复数形式，因此需用现在时的被动语态，并且动词用复数形式。故选A。 11．Listen, boys. If you don’t follow the rules at school, you ________. A．are punished B．will punish C．will be punished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：听着，孩子们！如果你不遵守学校的规定，你将受到惩罚。 考查条件状语从句中的时态和被动语态。在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；主语you与动词punish之间是被动关系，需用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 12．—Why is Tony unhappy? —He _________ by his father for not telling the truth just now. A．punished B．is punished C．was punished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——托尼为什么不高兴？——他刚才因为没说实话被父亲惩罚了。 考查被动语态及时态辨析。punished惩罚，过去式/过去分词；is punished被惩罚，一般现在时被动语态；was punished被惩罚，一般过去时被动语态。根据“just now”可知用一般过去时，且He与punish是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态，was punished符合语境。故选C。 13．—Do you have any problems if the job ________? —Well, I’m thinking about the working day. A．will be offered B．is offered C．will offer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果这份工作被提供给你，你有什么问题吗？——嗯，我在考虑工作日的问题。 考查时态和语态。will be offered将被提供，一般将来时被动语态；is offered被提供，一般现在时被动语态；will offer将提供，一般将来时主动语态。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；job与offer之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语the job是单数，be动词用is，offer的过去分词是offered。故选B。 14．—Electric cars ________ by more and more people. —You are right. Technology has improved our lives. A．drive B．drove C．are driven 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电动汽车被越来越多的人驾驶。——你是对的。科技改善了我们的生活。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Electric cars”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态“are driven”。故选C。 15．I got excited when my writing ________ as a model in class. A．reads B．is reading C．was read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我的作文在课堂上被当作范文朗读时，我感到很兴奋。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“got excited”可知，此处指过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“my writing”与read为逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，C项符合。故选C。 16．—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Strawberry Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．was held B．held C．was holding 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——真遗憾！像你这样的音乐迷都没去草莓音乐节。——我几周前就知道它举办了。但当时我在出差。 考查一般过去时被动语态。was held被举办，一般过去时被动语态；held过去式；was holding过去进行时。根据“I knew it...several weeks ago.”可知，此处表示在几周前音乐节被举办了 ，要用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。 17．The weather was terrible. We ________ that the flight was canceled. A．told B．were told C．tell 【答案】B 【详解】句意：天气很糟糕。我们被告知航班取消了。 考查时态及语态。根据“The weather was terrible.”以及“the flight was canceled”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“We”与空处为被动关系，用被动语态，B项符合。故选B。 18．—It’s said that a new kind of robot ________ soon. It can take care of the old. —Amazing! I can’t wait to see it. A．invent B．will invent C．will be invented 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——据说一种新型机器人很快将被发明出来。它可以照顾老人。——太棒了！我等不及要看看了。 考查一般将来时态的被动语态。根据“soon”可知，此句时态为一般将来时。主语“a new kind of robot”与动词“invent”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。invent的过去分词为invented，空处填will be invented。故选C。 19．— The 2025 Wuhan Humanoid Robot Exhibition ______ in China. — I’m sure it will be a great success. A．were held B．will hold C．will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——2025年武汉人形机器人展览会将在中国举办。——我相信它会取得巨大成功。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“The 2025 Wuhan Humanoid Robot Exhibition”和动词hold“举办”是被动关系，结合“it will be a great success”可知，展览会还没开始，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选C。 20．My advice on how to sort rubbish ________ by my neighbors last month. A．accepted B．was accepted C．is accepted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我上个月关于如何分类垃圾的建议被我的邻居们接受了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。accepted接受。根据“last month”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，且主语“My advice”与动词“accept”之间存在被动关系，即建议被接受，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态“was accepted”。故选B。 1．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Look, I ________ the Chinese painting. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．have finished B．will finish C．am finishing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看，我完成了这幅中国画。——哇，真漂亮。 考查时态辨析。根据“Wow, truly beautiful!”可知动作已结束并对现在产生影响（画作已完成可被欣赏）。需用have finished（现在完成时）。故选A。 2．（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）—Shall we go to the museum tomorrow? —I’d love to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I ________ my grandparents. A．visit B．visited C．will visit 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们明天去博物馆好吗？——我很乐意去，但恐怕不行。我要去看望我的祖父母。 考查动词时态。根据上文“Shall we go to the museum tomorrow?”可知，此处是明天去看望我的祖父母，用一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形。故选C。 3．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候去打篮球？——直到工作明天被完成，我们才去。 考查时间状语从句的时态和被动语态。在“not until”引导的时间状语从句中，从句的动词需用一般现在时表示将来动作；主语the work与谓语finish之间是被动关系，工作是被完成的，需用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。 4．（2025·福建南平·一模）—________ you ever ________ to Beijing?   — Yes, twice. It’s a beautiful place. A．Have; gone B．Did; go C．Have; been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过北京吗？——是的，去过两次。那是个美丽的地方。 考查现在完成时的用法。“have gone to”  表示“去了某地（未返回）”；“have been to” 表示“去过某地（已返回）”，强调经历。根据答语“Yes, twice.” 可知，动作已完成且已返回，故用“have been to”。故选C。 5．（2025·福建南平·一模）When I called KangKang last night, he ________ the living room with his mother. A．cleans B．was cleaning C．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚我给康康打电话时，他正在和妈妈一起打扫客厅。    考查动词时态辨析。cleans一般现在时；was cleaning过去进行时；helped一般过去时。根据“When I called KangKang last night”可知，打电话时“打扫客厅”这一动作正在进行，需用过去进行时，故选B。 6．（2025·福建泉州·三模）— Why didn’t you attend the meeting? — I ________ a report for the boss. A．am writing B．have written C．was writing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 你为什么没参加会议？ —— 我正在写给老板的报告。 考查过去进行时。根据“Why didn’t you attend the meeting”可知，此处指开会的时候正在写报告，描述过去某一刻正在发生的事情，应该用过去进行时。故选C。 7．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Would you like to see the film Wandering Earth III with me? —Thank you! But it’s a pity that I ________ it last week. A．see B．saw C．have seen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起看电影《流浪地球3》吗？——谢谢你！但很遗憾我上周看过了。 考查动词时态辨析。see一般现在时；saw一般过去时；have seen现在完成时。根据last week“上周”可知，时态为一般过去时标志词，题干时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故选B。 8．（2025·福建莆田·模拟预测）—I heard Putian Lumian is amazing. —Right! I ______ Putian Lumian already. It’s the most delicious dish I’ve ever had! A．try B．tried C．have tried 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说莆田卤面很棒。——没错！我已经尝试过莆田卤面了。这是我吃过最美味的菜！ 考查时态。根据“already”可知，句子使用现在完成时have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have。故选C。 9．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Did you visit Hong Kong during this winter vacation? —I ________ there twice. It’s too busy. So I went to Yunnan. A．visited B．have visited C．will visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个寒假你去香港玩了吗？——我已经去过那里两次了。那里太拥挤了。所以我去了云南。 考查动词的时态。根据“I…there twice. It’s too busy. So I went to Yunnan.”可知，此处表示“已经去过两次了”，强调过去的经历对现在的影响用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。 10．（2025·福建泉州·二模）My English ______ a lot since I used my teacher’s “Three Steps for Learning English” advice. A．improves B．will improve C．has improved 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我用了老师的“英语学习三步法”建议后，我的英语水平提高了很多。   考查动词时态辨析。improves一般现在时；will improve一般将来时；has improved现在完成时。根据“since”引导的时间状语从句可知，主句需用现在完成时表示“从过去持续到现在的变化”，故选C。 11．（2025·福建南平·二模）— Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? — There _______ an exciting basketball game in ten minutes. A．will be B．will have C．is going to have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——迈克，你为什么这么着急？——十分钟后将有一场精彩的篮球赛。 考查there be句型的一般将来时结构。根据时间状语“in ten minutes”可知，此处需用将来时态表示“将有”，正确结构为“There will be”（表示客观存在的将来事件）。故选A。 12．（2025·福建南平·二模）—Jane, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ a speech for the graduation ceremony at that time yesterday. A．will practice B．have practiced C．was practicing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Jane，昨天下午五点我在教室里没看到你。——哦，昨天那个时候我正在为毕业典礼练习演讲。 考查动词时态。根据“at that time yesterday”可知，此处强调昨天那个时候正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语为I，要用was practicing。故选C。 13．（2025·福建漳州·模拟预测）Don’t return the book to Anna. I _________ it. A．don’t read B．won’t read C．haven’t read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要把书还给安娜。我还没读呢。 考查时态。根据“Don’t return the book to Anna”可知，不让还书的原因是自己还没读，过去的事情对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。 14．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—You will let your parents down if you ________ the exam. —I’ll do my best to prepare for it. A．will fail B．failed C．fail 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——如果你考试不及格，你会让父母失望的。——我会尽我所能做好准备。 考查动词时态。句子为if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时。故选C。 15．（2025·福建泉州·三模）—Oh, the headache is driving me mad. —No wonder. You ________ the computer games for three hours. A．have played B．were playing C．are playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哦，头疼得快让我发疯了。——难怪。你玩电子游戏已经三个小时了。 考查时态。根据“the computer games for three hours.”可知，此处应指对方已经玩电脑游戏三个小时导致现在头痛欲裂，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done sth.”。故选A。 16．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Surprising! Our little son stays away from that pool. —Good boy. I ________ him not to get close to it twice. A．have warned B．will warn C．was warning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——令人惊讶！我们的小儿子远离了那个水池。——好孩子，我已经警告过他两次不要靠近它了。 考查动词时态。have warned现在完成时；will warn一般将来时；was warning过去进行时。根据“twice”可知，表示已经警告过他两次不要接近它，用现在完成时，have/has done，主语为I，用have。故选A。 17．（2025·福建厦门·二模）Jenny who I ________ to know in Australia has worked in China for a year already. We are going to meet next week. A．got B．will get C．has got 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Jenny是我在澳大利亚认识的，她已经在中国工作一年了。我们下周要见面。   考查动词时态辨析。got表示过去认识；will get表示将来认识；has got表示已经认识。根据“has worked in China for a year”和“meet next week”可知，认识Jenny是过去发生的动作。故选A。 18．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—I’m hungry. Let’s eat out. —I ________ the dinner. Come and have it together. A．am cooking B．have cooked C．was cooking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我饿了，我们出去吃吧。——我已经做好晚饭了，一起来吃吧。 考查现在完成时的用法。am cooking现在进行时；have cooked现在完成时；was cooking过去进行时。根据答语“Come and have it together”可知，晚饭已经做好，强调对现在的影响（现在可以一起吃），因此用现在完成时have cooked。故选B。 19．（2025·福建宁德·二模）—Who ________ the meeting room? It is tidy and nice. —Amy. She is going to host an English corner here later. A．is cleaning B．will clean C．has cleaned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁打扫了会议室？它又整洁又漂亮。——埃米。她稍后要在这里举办英语角。 考查动词时态。is cleaning现在进行时；will clean一般将来时；has cleaned现在完成时。根据“It is tidy and nice.”可知，这里表示会议室干净整洁，说明打扫动作已经完成，需用现在完成时。故选C。 20．（2025·福建龙岩·二模）—Do you know the changes of this city? —Of course. I ________ in this city since I was born. A．live B．have lived C．will live 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道这座城市的变化吗？——当然。从出生起我就一直居住在这座城市。 考查动词时态。根据“since I was born.”可知，本句是含since引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句是一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故选B。 21．（2025·福建泉州·三模）—The beautiful handiwork on the table looks so special. Who made it? —It ________ by my grandmother last week. She’s very skillful. A．makes B．made C．was made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——桌子上漂亮的手工艺品看起来很特别。谁做的？——这是我奶奶上周做的。她很有技巧。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语it和谓语动词之间是被动关系，再由“last week”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词构成是was/were done，主语是it，be动词用was。故选C。 22．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—I find sweeping the floor very tiring. —Why not buy a sweeping robot? It ______ widely nowadays. A．used B．is used C．was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我觉得扫地很累。——为什么不买个扫地机器人呢？如今它被广泛使用。    考查动词时态和语态。根据“nowadays”可知，句子描述现在的情况，且主语“it”与“use”之间是被动关系（被广泛使用），故选B。 23．（2025·福建厦门·二模）2025 Dragon Boat Invitational (邀请赛) ________ successfully in Fuzhou. A．hold B．was held C．will hold 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2025年龙舟邀请赛在福州成功举办。 考查被动语态。根据“2025 Dragon Boat Invitational (邀请赛) … successfully in Fuzhou.”可知，2025年龙舟邀请赛被成功地举办，用被动语态形式，其结构为be done。故选B。 24．（2025·福建龙岩·二模）The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu from August 7 to 17, 2025. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第12届世界运动会将于2025年8月7日至17日在成都举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。is held一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据“from August 7 to 17, 2025”可知，句子描述的是将来的事情，且主语“The 12th World Games”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，即运动会是被举行的，所以应该用一般将来时的被动语态“will be + 过去分词”。故选C。 25．（2025·福建福州·三模）Min River ________ as a “mother river” of Fujian people. A．knows B．is known C．will be known 【答案】B 【详解】句意：闽江被称为福建人民的“母亲河”。 考查动词时态及语态辨析。knows一般现在时；is known一般现在时被动语态；will be known一般将来时被动语态。根据“Min River...”可知，这里是描述客观事实，且Min River和mother river是被动关系，是被称作为，需用一般现在时被动语态。故选B。 26．（2025·福建福州·三模）The third Belt and Road Forum ________ successfully in Beijing on Oct. 17th, 2023. A．will be held B．was held C．held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2023年10月17日，第三届“一带一路”高峰论坛在北京成功举办。 考查时态及语态。根据“on Oct. 17th, 2023”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；根据主语“The third Belt and Road Forum”与held为动宾关系可知，此处用被动语态。故选B。 27．（2025·福建福州·三模）The students of Grade Nine ________ how to deal with stress from study yesterday. A．taught B．were taught C．will be taught 【答案】B 【详解】句意：九年级的学生昨天被教导如何处理学习压力。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，且主语students与teach之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done）。故选B。 28．（2025·福建莆田·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines, ______ the “Medal of the Republic” years ago. A．awarded B．was awarded C．will be awarded 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国核潜艇之父黄旭华多年前被授予“共和国勋章”。 考查被动语态及时态。根据“years ago”可知，句子用一般过去时，且黄旭华是“被授予”勋章，要用被动语态，所以用was awarded。故选B。 29．（2025·福建三明·三模）Yuan Longping is a great scientist. Today, he ________ by people all over the world. A．is loved B．was loved C．will be loved 【答案】A 【详解】句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家。今天，他深受全世界人民的爱戴。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Yuan Longping is a great scientist. Today, he...by people all over the world.”可知，此处指袁隆平被全世界人民爱戴着，用被动语态，结合“Today”，可知应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选A。 30．（2025·福建泉州·三模）In the future, more foreign tourists ________ to experience the visa-free entry policy in China. A．were attracted B．are attracted C．will be attracted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在未来，将会有更多的外国游客被吸引来体验中国的免签政策。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the future”可知，此处用一般将来时态；主语“foreign tourists”和“attract”之间是被动关系，即“外国游客被吸引”，所以应该用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是“will be + 过去分词”。故选C。 31．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Strawberry Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．was held B．held C．was holding 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——真遗憾！像你这样的音乐迷都没去草莓音乐节。——我几周前就知道它举办了。但当时我在出差。 考查一般过去时被动语态。was held被举办，一般过去时被动语态；held过去式；was holding过去进行时。根据“I knew it...several weeks ago.”可知，此处表示在几周前音乐节被举办了 ，要用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。 32．（2025·福建厦门·二模）According to iMedia Research, the Chinese herbal drinks (草药饮品) market ________ to reach 100 billion yuan in 2028. A．is expected B．expects C．will expect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据iMedia Research的数据，中国草药饮品市场预计到2028年将达到1000亿元人民币。 考查被动语态。be expected to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事；有望做某事”，这里表示 “中国草药饮品市场有望在2028年达到1000亿元”，用被动语态符合语境。故选A。 33．（2025·福建福州·三模）The Spring Festival ________ to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) on December 4, 2024. A．was added B．is added C．added 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2014年12月4日，春节被列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。 考查时态和语态。主语The Spring Festival和谓语add之间是被动关系，根据“on December 4, 2024”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。 34．（2025·福建南平·二模）You can order food online and it ________ to you soon. A．is sent B．was sent C．will be sent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你可以网上订餐，它很快就会被送到你手上。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“soon (很快)”可知，时态是一般将来时，主语it和谓语之间是动宾关系，表示“被送”，所以用一般将来时的被动语态 (will be done)，故选C。 35．（2025·福建漳州·二模）The 2025 World Culture and Tourism Industry Expo (博览会) ________ in Guangzhou from May 10 to May 12. A．was holding B．was held C．is held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2025年世界文化和旅游产业博览会于5月10日至12日在广州举行。 考查时态和语态。hold举办。根据时间状语“from May 10 to May 12”以及句中主语“The 2025 World Culture and Tourism Industry Expo (博览会)”与“hold”构成被动关系可知，说明该事件已发生，用一般过去时的被动语态“was held”。故选B。 36．（2025·福建南平·二模）—How’s grandma? —She ________ the medicine and feels much better now. A．takes B．is taking C．has taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——奶奶怎么样？——她吃了药，现在感觉好多了。 考查动词时态。根据“feels much better now”可知，吃药的动作发生在过去，但对现在产生了影响（感觉好转），符合现在完成时的用法，结构为have/has done。故选C。 37．（2025·福建泉州·一模）—The students ________ a project when the teacher entered the classroom. —No wonder they didn’t notice her. A．discussed B．will discuss C．were discussing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——当老师进教室时，学生们正在讨论一个项目。——难怪他们没注意到她。 考查时态。根据“when the teacher entered the classroom.”可知，此处是强调老师进入教室时，学生们正进行的动作，从句时态是一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。故选C。 38．（2025·福建三明·一模）China ________ at a rapid speed now. We shouldn’t forget to protect the environment at the same time. A．developed B．is developing C．has developed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国现在正以很快的速度发展。我们同时不应该忘记保护环境。 考查动词时态辨析。根据时间状语“now”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，且强调当前的发展状态，故选B。 39．（2025·福建漳州·二模）Be quiet, please. The headmaster ________ us something important. A．told B．has told C．is going to tell 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请安静。校长要告诉我们重要的事情。 考查时态。根据“Be quiet, please.”可知，此处说明需要保持安静的原因是校长将要告知重要事情，表示将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时，C项符合。故选C。 40．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Alice, your book report for Jane Eyre is due tomorrow! —Don’t worry, Mom. I _________ it last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．have finished 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你关于《简·爱》的读书报告明天就要交了！——别担心，妈妈。我昨晚就完成它了。   考查一般过去时。根据“last night”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式finished。故选A。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $