Unit 5 Places of Interest - Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（重庆大学版）

高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Places of Interest-Reading Actively 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 historical /hI'storikl/adj.历史 bath /ba:0/n.洗澡：浴缸；浴室；员：前台接待 的：与历史相关的：基于史实的V洗澡 register/red3Ista()/V.登记；注 historic /hi'storik/adj..具有历史softly/'spftli/adv.温柔地；轻轻册：记录：n.登记簿；登记表： 意义的：历史上著名的 地；柔和地 注册员 elegant/'elrgant/adj.优美的；文temple/'templ//n.寺庙；神殿；nationality/,ne'nelati/n.国 雅的；简洁雅致的 庙宇 籍：民族 steamboat/'sti:mbaut/n.汽船；colleague/koli:g/n.同事：同僚economic/,ika'npmik/adj.经济 轮船 sunrise/'sraz/n.日出：黎明：的；经济学的：有利可图的 transportation/,traensp3:'terfn/朝霞 industrial/m'dAstrial/adj.工业 n.运输；运输系统：交通工具desire /dr'zaIa/n.渴望：欲望；的；产业的：用于工业的 beautifully/'bju:trfali/adv.漂亮心愿；v.渴望；期望；想要chemical'kemk/adj.化学的： 地：优美地；极好地 daylight/.derlat/n.日光：白昼：用化学方法制造的；n.化学制 boatman/batm3n/n.船夫；船公开场合 品：化学品 工 unfor tunately /n'f:tfenatli/chemist/'kemist/n.化学家；药 transport'traensp3t/n.运输；adv.不幸地：遗憾地；可惜剂师；药商 运输工具；/traens'p3t/V.运输；地 political /p3'litk/ad.政治的： 运送；使产生身临其境的感觉unfortunate/n'f:tnt/adj.不政党的；关心政治的 base /beis/n.底部；基地；基础；幸的；倒霉的；令人遗憾的 v.以…为基础；把…设在receptionist/r'sepfanIst/n.接待 词义辨析及同义替换 1.historical/hm'stprik/adj.历史的：与历史相关的：基于史实的 historic/h'storik/adj.具有历史意义的：历史上著名的 词义辨析： historical:侧重“与历史相关的、基于史实的”，强调内容与历史事实有关，如历史文献、历史 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 事件的客观描述。 historic:侧重“具有历史意义的、划时代的”，强调事物本身对历史产生了重要影响或具有里程 碑意义。 同义替换： historical-past,chronological historic-momentous,significant 例句： (1)This novel is based on historical events. (2)The launch of the first satellite was a historic achievement. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The Great Wall is a building that attracts millions of visitors every year. A.historical B.historic C.history(答案：B) 2.transport/'traensp:t/n.运输；运输工具/ens'p3t/V.运输；运送 transportation/,traensp3:'teun/n.运输：运输系统：交通工具 词义辨析： transport（名词)：指具体的“运输方式、运输工具”，或抽象的“运输过程”，英式英语中更常 用。 transportation:仅作名词，侧重“运输系统、交通体系”，涵盖更广泛的运输网络，美式英语中 更常用。 同义替换： transport->conveyance,carriage transportation-transit,transport system 例句： (1)We need a reliable transport for the goods. (2)The city has an efficient public transportation system 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） The government is investing more money in improving public to reduce traffic jams. A.transport B.transportation C.transportations (答案：B) 3. economic/,ik'nDnk/adj.经济的；经济学的：有利可图的 political /p3ltk/adj.政治的：政党的；关心政治的 词义辨析： economic:聚焦“经济领域的、与金钱或资源相关的”，如经济政策、经济增长。 political:聚焦“政治领域的、与政府或政党相关的”，如政治制度、政治权利。 同义替换： economic-financial,monetary political-governmental,partisan 2 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： (1)The country is facing serious economic problems (2)She has strong political opinions on environmental issues. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册阅读拓展） The reform has greatly improved people's living standards,while the stability ensures social development. A.economic;political B.political;economic C.economical;political (答案：A) 4.unfortunate/n'f:tnt/adj.不幸的；倒霉的；令人遗憾的 unfortunately/n'fo:tfanatli//adv.不幸地；遗憾地：可惜地 词义辨析： unfortunate:形容词，修饰名词，指“人或事物处于不幸的状态”。 unfortunately:副词，修饰句子或动词，表“事情发生的方式是不幸的”。 同义替换： unfortunate->unlucky,tragic unfortunately-sadly,regrettably 例句： (1)The unfortunate child lost both parents in the accident. (2)Unfortunately,we missed the last bus and had to walk home. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册语法填空) (fortune),he fell off his bike and broke his leg yesterday (答案：Unfortunately) 5.base /beis//n.底部：基地；基础V.以…为基础；把…设在 basic/beisik/adj.基本的；基础的 词义辨析： base(名词)：指具体的“底部、基地”或抽象的“基础”，如军事基地、理论基础。 base(动词)：搭配“base0n”,表示“以…为依据”。 basic:形容词，强调“最基础的、必不可少的”，如基础知识、基本技能。 同义替换： base (n.)-foundation,bottom base (v.)-ground,establish 例句： (1)The company has its base in Shanghai. (2)This theory is based on years of research 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册词汇运用) Our success is on hard work and teamwork A.base B.based C.basic(答案：B) 6.desire /dr'zaa(r)/n.渴望：欲望；心愿v.渴望；期望：想要 3 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 wish /wIf/v.希望：祝愿n.愿望 词义辨析： desire:语气较强，指“强烈的、迫切的渴望”，可作名词或动词，动词后接名词或不定式。 wsh:语气较委婉，指“难以实现的愿望”或“祝愿”，动词后可接不定式、从句（常用虚拟语 气) 同义替换： desire-long for,crave wish→hope for,desire 例句： (1)She has a strong desire to become a doctor. (2)I wish I could fly like a bird. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空） He to study abroad,so he is working hard to improve his English. A.desires B.wishes C.hopes (答案：A) 7.register/'red3sta(t)/v.登记；注册；记录n.登记簿；登记表 receptionist/rI'sepfanist/n.接待员；前台接待 词义辨析： register(动词)：核心义“登记、记录信息”，如注册会员、登记入住。 receptionist:指“负责接待和登记工作的人”，是职业名称。 同义替换： register-enroll,record receptionist-front-desk clerk 例句： (1)You need to register your name before entering the conference. (2)The receptionist asked me to fill in the form. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册情景对话） -Can I help you? Yes,I'd like to at this hotel Please go to the and she will assist you A.register;receptionist B.record;reception C.register;reception (答案：A) 8.chemical/'kemrkl/adj.化学的：用化学方法制造的n.化学制品：化学品 chemist/'kemist/n.化学家；药剂师；药商 词义辨析： chemical(形容词)：修饰“与化学相关的”，如化学反应：（名词）指“具体的化学物质”。 chemist:指“从事化学研究的人（化学家）”或“售卖药品的人（药剂师/药商）”。 同义替换： chemical-chemo-,substance 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 chemist->pharmacist,chemist scientist 例句： (1)The factory produces harmful chemical products. (2)My mother works as a chemist in a hospital. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解） The experiment was conducted by a famous who later won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. A.chemical;chemist B.chemistry,chemist C.chemical;chemistry (答案：A) 9.silent/'sarlant/adj.沉默的：无声的 softly/'sDftli/adv.温柔地：轻轻地：柔和地 词义辨析： silent:形容词，强调“完全没有声音”，如沉默的人群、无声的夜晚。 $oy:副词，强调“声音低或动作轻”，如轻声说话、轻柔地触摸。 同义替换： silent-quiet,noiseless softly-gently,quietly 例句： (1)The classroom was silent during the exam. (2)She spoke softly to avoid waking the baby. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册听力填空） The wind blew through the window,and the room remained for a long time. A.softly,silent B.soft;silently C.softly,silently (答案：A) 10.deal with处理；对付 cope with处理；应对（同义短语） 词义辨析： deal with:侧重“解决具体问题或应对人”，常与how连用。 cope with:侧重“克服困难或压力”，强调“成功应对”的能力。 同义替换： deal with→handle 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The documentary provides a detailed account of life in ancient Rome based on real records. 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.historical B.historic C.history 2.The city's new subway line has greatly improved the public system,making commuting faster. A.transport B.transportation C.transportations 3.The government's_ policies aim to reduce poverty and boost employment rates. A.political B.economic C.economical 4. the team lost the final match due to a last-minute mistake by the goalkeeper. A.Unfortunate B.Unfortunately C.Fortune 5.This research report ison data collected from over 10,000 participants across five countries. A.base B.based C.basic 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The invention of the internet was a h event that changed human society forever. 2.The hotel receptionist asked us to r_ our names and passport numbers before checking in. 3.She has a strong d to learn Chinese calligraphy and practices every weekend. 4.The fumes from the factory contained harmful c that polluted the nearby river. 5.The politician gave a speech about the importance of pstability for national development 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The students are conducting a (chemistry)experiment to test the reaction between two sub- stances. (fortunate),the heavy rain ruined our plans for a picnic in the park. 6 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.The company's success is (base)on its commitment to quality and customer satisfaction. 4.We need to improve the (transport)of goods between warehouses to reduce delivery time. 5.She spoke (soft)to her baby,trying to calm him down after he woke up crying. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这座博物馆收藏了许多基于真实事件的 文献。 The museum houses many documents based on real events. 2.政府计划投资更多资金改善城市的公共 The government plans to invest more money in improving the city's public 3.他渴望成为一名宇航员，所以从小就努力学习科学知识。 He to become an astronaut,so he studied science hard from a young age. 4.这个理论是以多年的气候数据研究为的。 This theory is on years of research into climate data. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The Silk Road was a(1) (historic/historical)trade route that connected East and West.It played akeyrole in (2) (economic/political)exchange,allowing goods like silk and spices to be trans- ported across continents.Merchants used various forms of(3)(transport/transportation),in- cluding camels and caravans,to cross deserts and mountains. Over time,the route also facilitated cultural and scientific.(4) (Unfortu- nately/Unfortunate),many ancient records of the Silk Road were lost,but modern archaeologists have (5) (base/based)their research on remaining artifacts.Today,the Silk Road remains a symbol of global connection,and its story continues to (6) (desire/inspire)people around the world. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B3B4.B5.B Ⅱ首字母填空 1.historic 2.register 3.desire 4.chemicals 5.political 7 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 L.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.chemical 2.Unfortunately 3.based 4.transport 5.softly V.完成句子 1.historical 2.transportation 3.desires 4.based V.语篇填空 1.historic 2.economic 3.transport 4.Unfortunately 5.based 6.inspire 8