Challenge Yourself C-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（重庆大学版）

高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 【Challenge Yourself C】核心词汇精讲 词义辨析及同义替换 单元核心词汇 全部单元单词 influence/mfluans/n.v.影响：当选 发：分配：分布 作用：影响：感化 political /p3litk/adj.政治的；reform/r'fom/nv.改革：改良； vote/vaut./n.~.投票：选票：投政党的 改革；革新 票；表决 politics/'pplatiks/n.政治：政治amateurism/'aematarizam/n.业 establishment /I'staeblifinant/n.学；政见 余性：业余主义 建立：创立：机构 politician/,pDla'tn/n.政治家；amateur/emata()/adj.m.业余 establish/r'staeblif/v.建立；创政客 的：业余爱好者 立；确立 economic/,i:k3'nDmk/adj.经济compete/kam'pi:t/v.竞争；比赛 entering/'entar四/v.进入；加入的：经济学的：合算的 promote /pra'Imat/V.促进：推 (enter的现在分词) frequent/'fri:kwant/adj:frr'k-动；晋升 appoint/e'pomt/v.任命；委派；went/v.频繁的；经常的：常去；participation /pa:,tIsI'pen/n. 指定 常到 参与：参加 appointment/A'pomntmant//n.任frequency/'fri:kwansi/n.频率；participate /pa:'tisipeit/v.参与： 命：约会；约定 频次；频繁 参加 elect /I'lekt/v./adj.选举；推选；distribute/d'strrbju:t/v.分发：accessible/k'sesabl/adj.可接近 精选的：选定的 分配；散布 的：可得到的：易理解的 election/'lekfn/n.选举；推选；distribution/.dstr'bju:jm/n.分 词义辨析及同义替换 1.establish/I'staebli/v.建立：创立；确立 词义辨析： establish:强调“建立、创立”机构、制度、关系等，使稳固存在，如establish a company(创办 公司)、establish a rule(制定规则)。 found:侧重“创建”组织、国家等，强调从无到有的过程，如found a school(创办学校)。 同义替换： found,set up 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 例句： The government plans to establish a new research center in the city. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The university was in 1937 and has a history of over 80 years. A.established B.entered C.appointed (答案：A) 2.appoint/A'pInt/V.任命：委派；指定 词义辨析： appoint::通常指上级“任命、委派”某人担任职务，搭配appoint sb.as sth.,如appoint her as manager(任命她为经理)。 elect:侧重通过投票“选举”产生职位，如elect the president(选举总统)。 同义替换： name,designate 例句： The board will appoint a new director next week 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试) She was to lead the project because of her experience A.elected B.appointed C.promoted(答案：B) 3.elect/'lekt/v./adj.选举：推选；精选的：选定的 词义辨析： elect:作动词时指“选举”，强调通过正式程序选出，如elect representatives(选举代表)：作形 容词时表“精选的”，如elect courses(选修课)。 choose:泛指“选择”，侧重个人意愿，如choose a gift(选礼物)。 同义替换： select,vote for 例句： We will elect a monitor in our class meeting tomorrow. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） They him as their team leader after a discussion A.elected B.appointed C.chose (答案：A) 4.political /pa'Irtrkl/adj.政治的；政党的 politics/pplatiks/n.政治；政治学；政见 politician/.pola'tn/n.政治家；政客 词义辨析： political:形容词，修饰与政治相关的事物，如political issues(政治间题)、political party(政党)。 politics:名词，指“政治学科”或“政治活动”，如study politics(学习政治学)。 politician:名词，指“从事政治的人”，可指褒义“政治家”或贬义“政客”。 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 同义替换： political-governmental politics-political science politician→statesman(褒义) 例句： (1)He has strong political opinions.(2)She is interested in politics.(3)The politician gave a speech on TV. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Her father is a who has served in the government for 20 years. A.politics B.political C.politician (答案：C) 5.distribute/d'stribju:tV.分发；分配；散布 distribution/.drstrI'bju:n/n.分发；分配；分布 词义辨析： distribute:动词，指“把某物分发给多人”或“使某物分散存在”，如distribute books(分发书 籍)、distribute resources(分配资源)。 distribution:名词，对应动词的动作或结果，如the distribution of wealth(财富分配)。 同义替换： hand out,allocate 例句： Volunteers will distribute food to the homeless 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The of textbooks will be finished by the end of this week A.distribute B.distribution C.appointment (答案：B) 6.compete/kam'pit/v.竞争；比赛 词义辨析： compete:强调“与他人竞争以获得优势”，常用搭配compete with/against sb.(与某人竞争)、 compete for sth.(为某物竞争)。 contest:作动词时指“争辩、质疑”，作名词时指“竞赛”，如a singing contest(歌唱比赛)。 同义替换： vie,race 例句： Athletes from all over the world will compete in the Olympics. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Our school will with three other schools in the basketball match A.compete B.promote C.participate (答案：A) 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 7.participate/pa:'tisipeit/V.参与；参加 participation /pa:,ths'peIn/n.参与；参加 词义辨析： participate:动词，指“主动参与活动”，搭配participate in(参加)，如participate in a meeting(参 加会议)。 participation:名词，指“参与的行为或状态”，如active participation(积极参与)。 同义替换： take part in,join in 例句： Everyone is encouraged to participate in the discussion 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） Her in the project helped us finish it on time A.participate B.participation C.promotion(答案：B) 8.promote /pra3'mat/V.促进；推动：晋升 词义辨析： promote:作“促进”时，指推动事物发展，如promote development(促进发展)；作“晋升”时， 指职位提升，如promote to manager（晋升为经理)。 advance:侧重“使前进、提前”，如advance the meeting(提前会议)。 同义替换： encourage,boost,raise 例句： The government has taken measures to promote economic growth 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） After working hard for five years,he was to a higher position. A.promoted B.appointed C.elected(答案：A) 9.reform/r'fm/n.w.改革；改良；改革；革新 词义辨析： reform:作动词时指“改革制度、方法”，如reform the education system(改革教育制度)：作名 词时指“改革措施”，如carry out reforms(实施改革)。 improve:侧重“改进、提高”，使事物变得更好，如improve skills(提高技能)。 同义替换： improve,innovate 例句： The country started to reform its medical system in 2020 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The new policy aims to」 the tax system and reduce people's burden. A.reform B.distribute C.establish (答案：A) 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 10.accessible/ak'sesabl/ad.可接近的：可得到的：易理解的 词义辨析： accessible:强调“容易到达、获取或理解”，如an accessible building(无障碍建筑入accessible information(易懂的信息)。 available:侧重“可获得的、有空的”，如tickets available(可购的票)、available time(空闲时 间)。 同义替换： reachable,available,understandable 例句： The library provides accessible resources for students with disabilities. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） The information on the website is to everyone for free A.accessible B.political C.economic (答案：A) 11.economic/.ik3'nDmk/adj.经济的：经济学的：合算的 词义辨析： economic:指“与经济相关的”，如economic growth(经济增长)、economic policy(经济政策)。 financial::侧重“财务的、金融的”，如financial support(资金支持)。 同义替换： financial,economical 例句： The country is facing some economic challenges this year 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The government has introduced new measures to help small businesses A.economic B.political C.frequent (答案：A) l2.frequent/fri:kwant/adj.频繁的；经常的：fr'kwent/v.常去；常到 frequency/fri:kwansi/n.频率；频次；频繁 词义辨析： frequent::作形容词时指“频繁的”，如frequent visits(频繁访问)：作动词时指“常去某地”，如 frequent the library(常去图书馆)。 frequency:名词，指“发生的频率”，如high frequency(高频)。 同义替换： regular,often 例句： (1)He made frequent business trips to Shanghai.(2)The frequency of the bus is every 15 minutes. 5 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new hospital was_ in 2020 to improve medical services in the area. A.established B.found C.appointed 2.The committee will a new chairperson at tomorrow's meeting. A.elect B.appoint C.promote 3.Citizens aged 18 and above have the right to their representatives. A.choose B.elect C.name 4.Her father works in affairs and often attends international meetings. A.politics B.political C.politician 5.The of food and water to the disaster area will start next week. A.distribute B.distribution C.appointment 6.Our team will against five other schools in the national debate competition. A.compete B.contest C.participate 7.All students are required to in the school sports meeting next month A.participate B.take part C.join 8.After years of hard work,she was to the position of sales manager A.appointed 6 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 B.elected C.promoted 9.The government plans to the healthcare system to reduce medical costs A.improve B.reform C.establish 10.The museum provides facilities for visitors with disabilities. A.available B.accessible C.economic 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The company plans to (建立)a new branch in the northern city next year 2.The president will (任命)a new foreign minister next week, 3.Weneed to (a monitor to help the teacher manage the class. 4.The (政治的)situation in the country has become more stable recently 5.Volunteers will (分发)masks to people in the community for free. 6.She won first place in the swimming(last month. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (distribute)of textbooks to rural schools has been completed. 2.His (participate)in the project was highly praised by the team leader. 3.The government has taken measures to (promotion)the development of green energy. 4. (politics)leaders from different countries attended the international conference. 5.The (frequent)of earthquakes in this area has increased recently. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这所大学成立于1950年，有着悠久的历史。 The university in 1950 and has a long history. 7 高中英语重庆大学版 【Challenge Your self C】 选择性必修第二册 2.他被任命为公司的新总经理，因为他有丰富的经验。 He as the new general manager of the company because of his rich experience. 3.我们学校将与其他三所学校竞争数学竞赛的冠军。 Our school will other three schools for the championship in the math competition. 4.政府正在采取措施促进经济增长。 The government is taking measures to 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 China has made great progress in various fields in recent years.In 2013,the government 1. (establish/found the Belt and Road Initiative to promote international cooperation.To support this, officials were 2. (appointedelected)to coordinate projects across different countries.Many young people 3. (participate/join)in volunteer programs to help with cultural exchanges. In the economic field,new policies have been introduced to 4. (reform/improve)the tax sys- tem,making it more accessible to small businesses.The 5. (distribute/distribution)of re- sources has become more balanced,especially in rural areas. In politics,leaders often emphasize the importance of 6. (political/politics)stability.They believe that only with stable policies can the country achieve sustainable development. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3B4.B5.B6.A7.A8.C9.B10B Ⅱ根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.establish 2.appoint 3.elect 4.political 5.distribute 6.competition I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.distribution 2.participation 3.promote 4.Political 5.frequency V.完成句子 1.was established 2.was appointed 3.compete with 4.promote economic growth V.语篇填空 1.established 2.appointed 3.participate 4.reform 5.distribution 6.political P