Unit 4 Breaking boundaries三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】Unit4 Breaking boundaries 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Breaking boundaries 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 division/d'I3/n.分歧，分裂 portion/pn/n.一部分 nobly/naubli/adv.高尚地，崇 bring forth使产生，使出现 altogether/,:lta'geda(t)/adv.完高地 conceive /kan'si:v/v.构想，设想全 in vain白白地 liberty/'libati/n.自由 consecrate/'konsikreit/V.宣布perish/'pe/v.死亡 dedicate/'dedikert/.v.致力于，献…为神圣之处 influential/.mflu'en/adj.有影 身于 hallow/hela/v.使成为神圣 响力的 endure/Im'djoa(r)/v.持续存在 detract/d'traekt/v.减低，破坏， communist /'komjanist/adj. battlefield/'baetlfi:ld/n.战场 损害 产主义的 词义辨析及同义替换 l.dedicate/'dedrkert/v.致力于，献身于 词义辨析： dedicate:侧重'将时间、精力或生命专注于某目标或事业”，常与介词to搭配，如dedicate oneself to sth。 devote:含义与dedicate相近，但更强调'全身心投入”，可用于devote time/money/energy to sth, 也可指对人或事物的热爱。 同义替换： devote,commit 例句： He dedicated his whole life to scientific research. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Dr.Wang herself to helping the poor in rural areas for over 20 years A.dedicated B.divided C.developed (答案：A) 2.endure/m'djwa)/v.持续存在 词义辨析： 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries endure: 侧重”长时间忍受困难、痛苦或考验”，或”（事物）持续存在”，书面语，语气较强。 bear:含义更广，可指”忍受痛苦、压力”，也可指”承担责任”，口语中更常用，常与can/could 连用。 同义替换： bear,tolerate,last 例句： These traditional customs have endured for centuries. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The old temple has through wars and natural disasters for over 500 years A.endured B.entered C.escaped (答案：A) 3. portion/'pjn/n.一部分 词义辨析： portion:指”整体中的一份或一定比例的部分”，尤指食物、土地或责任等被划分后的部分，强 调分配性。 part:最常用词，泛指”整体中的任何部分”，不强调比例或分配，可大可小。 同义替换： part,share,section 例句： She gave a small portion ofher salary to charity every month. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Each child was given an equal of the cake at the party. A.portion B.process C.purpose (答案：A) 4.altogether/,:lte'geia(r)/adv.完全 词义辨析： altogether:既可表示”完全、彻底”（相当于completely),也可表示”总共、合计”（相当于in total)。 completely:仅表示”完全地、彻底地”，语气较强，强调毫无保留。 同义替换： completely,totally,entirely 例句： The plan is altogether impossible to carry out 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） I forgot about the meeting yesterday,so my boss was angry with me. A.altogether B.already C.almost(答案：A) 5.detract/d'tekt/v.减低，破坏，损害 2 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries 词义辨析： detract:指”降低某事物的价值、质量或重要性”，常与from搭配，如detract from sth。 damage:侧重”对物体或关系造成物理或无形的损害”，可作动词或名词。 同义替换： damage,reduce,weaken 例句： The poor lighting in the room detracts from its beauty. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The noise from the street from the peace of the park A.detracted B.directed C.developed(答案：A) 6.perish/'perv.死亡 词义辨析： prh:正式用词，指”（人或动物）死亡”，尤指因饥饿、寒冷、疾病或灾难等非正常死亡：也 可指（事物）毁灭、消失”。 die:最常用词，泛指”生命终止”，语气中性，可用于各种场合。 同义替换： die,pass away,expire 例句： Thousands of people perished in the earthquake. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） Many soldiers on the battlefield during the war. A.perished B.performed C.prepared(答案：A) 7.influential/,mflu'en/adj.有影响力的 词义辨析： influential:指”对他人思想、行为或事件进程有显著影响的”，可修饰人或事物。 powerful::侧重”有权力的、强有力的”，强调能力或力量上的优势，可修饰人、组织或事物。 同义替换： powerful,impactful 例句： He is one of the most influential writers in modern China. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The Internet has become an tool in spreading information and ideas. A.influential B.interesting C.impossible(答案：A) 8.liberty/'bati//n.自由 3 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries 词义辨析： liberty:侧重？不受限制的自由”，尤指政治或个人权利上的自由，书面语。 freedom: 含义更广，泛指”任何方面的自由”，如行动、言论、选择等，口语和书面语均常用。 同义替换： freedom,independence 例句： The people fought hard to win their liberty from the invaders. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） Everyone has the right to enjoy of speech in a democratic society. A.liberty B.limit C.labor (答案：A) 9.in vain白白地 词义辨析： in vain:指？徒劳地、无效果地”，强调努力未达到预期目的，常置于句末。 uselessly:指”无用地、无效地”，侧重事物本身没有用处或方法不奏效。 同义替换： uselessly,fruitlessly 例句： All our efforts to save the old building were in vain 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） He tried to repair the broken watch,but his attempts were A.in vain B.in fact C.in time （答案：A) l0.conceive/kan'si:v/v.构想，设想 词义辨析： conceive::指'在头脑中形成想法、计划或概念”，强调思维的创造性，常与of搭配，如conceive of sth。 imagine:侧重'想象不存在或未发生的事物'，可用于imagine doing sth,语气较轻松。 同义替换： imagine,design,invent 例句： She conceived the idea of starting her own business when she was in college 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The scientist _a new theory to explain the phenomenon. A.conceived B.continued C.controlled(答案：A) 11.bring forth使产生，使出现 4 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】Unit4 Breaking boundaries 词义辨析： bring forth:指”产生、引起或提出（新事物、思想等）”，书面语，强调结果。 bring about: 指’导致、引起（变化或事件）”，侧重通过行动使某事发生。 同义替换： bring about,produce,generate 例句： The new policy will bring forth many opportunities for young people. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The development of technology has great changes in our daily life. A.brought forth B.brought back C.brought up (答案：A) I2.consecrate/'konsikrert/.V.宣布…为神圣之处 词义辨析： consecrate:指，正式宣布（场所、物品等）为神圣的”，尤用于宗教仪式，强调神圣化的过程。 hallow:含义与consecrate相近，更侧重'使具有神圣性质或意义”，语气较庄重，可用于抽象事 物（如记忆、时刻）。 同义替换： hallow,sanctify 例句： The church was consecrated in 1850 and has been in use ever since 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The ancient temple was as a place of worship by the local people A.consecrated B.considered C.created (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、单项选择 1.The scientist the theory after years of research and experiments. A.conceived B.continued C.controlled 2.The old traditions have for generations and are still valued by people today. A.endured B.entered 5 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries C.escaped 3.Each student was given an equal of the learning materials before the class. A.portion B.process C.purpose 4.The noise from the construction site from the peaceful atmosphere of the neighborhood A.detracted B.directed C.developed 5.She her life to improving the living conditions of the elderly in the community. A.dedicated B.divided C.developed 6.The team tried their best to win the game,but their efforts were A.in vain B.in fact C.in time 7.The Internet has become an tool in shaping public opinion in modern society. A.influential B.interesting C.impossible 8.The ancient temple was as a holy place by the local villagers centuries ago A.consecrated B.considered C.created 9.The new policy is expected to _more job opportunities for young graduates. A.bring forth B.bring back C.bring up 10.Everyone should have the right to enjoy of choice in education and career. A.liberty B.limit C.labor 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 6 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】Unit4 Breaking boundaries 1.The poor service in the restaurant d from the overall dining experience. 2.She gave a small p of her income to support environmental protection projects. 3.Thousands of soldiers p in the battle to defend their country's borders. 4.The plan to build a new park was a impossible due to lack of funding 5.The villagers c the idea of building a community library to improve education. 6.The old castle has e through wars and natural disasters for over 800 years. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Dr.Zhang has(dedicate)herself to medical research for over 30 years. 2.The beautiful scenery of the mountain is (altogether)breathtaking. 3.The local government (consecrate)the historical site as a national cultural heritage last year 4.He (seldom)talks about his achievements,though he has made great contributions. 5.The team's attempts to solve the problem were (vain),and they had to start over 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位作家致力于为儿童创作富有教育意义的故事。 The writer creating educational stories for children. 2.他试图修复那台电脑，但一切努力都白费了。 He tried to repair the old computer,but all his efforts 3.科技的发展为社会带来了巨大的变革。 The development of technology has great changes in society. 4.这个小镇的传统习俗已经延续了数百年。 The traditional customs of the town have hundreds of years. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 7 高中外研版 【选择性必修第二册】 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Ms.Lin is a teacher who has (dedicate)her career to rural education.For 20 years,she has taught in remote villages,where resources are limited.She often says,"Education is the key to giving children (liberty)to change their lives." Once,she tried to raise funds to build a school library,but her first attempt was (vain).How- ever,she didn't give up.With the help of volunteers,she finally(conceive)a new plan and succeeded in collecting enough books.The library has now become an(influence)part of the students'learning life,bringing forth new opportunities for them to explore the world. Ms.Lin believes that every child deserves an equal(port)of knowledge.Though the work is hard,she says,"The smiles on the children's faces make all the efforts worthwhile-they never (perish)from my memory." 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.detracted 2.portion 3.perished 4.altogether 5.conceived 6.endured ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.dedicated 2.altogether 3.consecrated 4.seldom 5.in vain V.完成句子 1.dedicates herself to 2.were in vain 3.brought forth 4.endured for V.语篇填空 1.dedicated 2.liberty 3.in vain 4.conceived 5.influential 6.portion 7.perish P