Unit 4 Sharing 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Sharing二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 shade小eId/t.给…遮挡（光台；舞台 leftover/'leftauva(/adj.吃剩 线)：加灯罩；把…涂暗n.阴fireplace/'farapleis/n.壁炉 的：残留的n.吃剩的食物：遗 凉处：灯罩：阴影部分 saucer/'ssar)/n.茶碟；杯托留物 jaw/d3/n.颌；下巴 kettle/'ketl/n.(烧水用的)壶；水handshake/haendferk/n.握手 wrinkle/r四kl/t.&vi.(使脸壶 drag/draeg/vt.拖；拽t.&vi. 上)起皱纹：皱起n.皱纹 pan/pen/n.平底锅；烤盘 缓慢而费力地移动 forehead/'fhed;'forid/n.额；jar/da:(r)/n.罐子；坛子 privilege/'prIvalid3/n.优惠待 前额 ripe /raip/adj.成熟的；时机成遇；特权 hut /hAt/n.简陋的小房子（或熟的 plug /plag/vt.封堵；补足n.堵 棚、舍) grill/g/n.烤架；烤肉餐馆 塞物：插头：插座 housing/haz/n.住房；住宅doorway/'db:we/n.门口；出入 platform/'platfo:m/n.平台：站口：门道 词义辨析及同义替换 1.housing/haUz/n.住房；住宅 词义辨析： housing:侧重指“住房供给、住房体系”，是集合名词，不可数，强调居住条件或住房建设相关 概念。 house:指具体的“房屋、住宅”，是可数名词，侧重建筑物本身。 同义替换： accommodation,residence 例句： The government is trying to improve housing conditions in rural areas 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） The city has seen a rapid increase inprices in recent years. A housing B house C home(答案：A) 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 2.drag/degt.拖；拽；缓慢而费力地移动 词义辨析： drag:强调“用力拖、拽较重或阻力大的物体”，常与介词along/behind连用，移动速度缓慢。 pul:泛指“拉、拖”，力度可轻可重，方向不限，使用范围更广。 同义替换： haul,pull 例句： He dragged the heavy box across the floor with great effort. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） The little boy」 his toy car behind him as he walked. A pushed B dragged C carried (答案：B) 3.ripe /rap/adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 词义辨析： pe:主要指水果、谷物等“成熟的”，也可指时机、计划等“成熟的”，强调自然发展到最佳状 态。 mature: 除指果实成熟外，还可形容人“成熟的、稳重的”，或思想、作品等“成熟的”。 同义替换： mature,ready 例句： The apples are ripe and ready to be picked. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读拓展） The plan is not yet:we need to do more research. A ripe B raw C young(答案：A) 4.shade小ed/n.阴凉处；阴影部分vt.给…遮挡（光线) 词义辨析： shade:作名词时指“阴凉处”（不可数）或“阴影部分”（可数）：作动词时强调“遮挡阳光”。 shadow:仅作名词，指“影子、阴影”，由物体遮挡光线形成，可数名词。 同义替换： shelter,shadow (n.);shield,shelter (v.) 例句： We sat in the shade of the big tree to avoid the sun. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） The tree casts a long on the ground in the afternoon A shade B shadow C shape(答案：B) 5.leftover/'leftauva(r)/n.吃剩的食物：遗留物adj.吃剩的：残留的 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 词义辨析： leftover:作名词时特指“吃剩的食物”或“未用完的材料”；作形容词时修饰名词，表示“剩余 的”。 remaining:仅作形容词，指“剩余的、余下的”，强调部分与整体的关系，可修饰时间、数量等。 同义替换： remains,surplus 例句： We can use the leftover vegetables to make soup 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇运用） Don't throw away the _rice;we can eat it for breakfast tomorrow. A leftover B remaining C spare(答案：A) 6.privilege/'privalid3yn.优惠待遇；特权 词义辨析： privilege::指“特权、特殊待遇”，强调因地位、身份等享有的特殊权利，含一定褒义或中性色 彩。 ight:泛指“权利”，是法律或道德赋予的正当权益，人人平等享有。 同义替换： advantage,prerogative 例句： Education is a right,not a privilege. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） Having access to clean water is a basic human not a privilege. A right B privilege C power (答案：A) 7.hut /hAt/n.简陋的小房子（或棚、舍) 词义辦析： ut:指“简陋的小屋、棚屋”，通常用木头、茅草等搭建，面积小，条件简陋。 cottage:指“村舍、小屋”，多为乡村的舒适小房子，带有一定温馨感。 同义替换： shack,cabin 例句： The farmer lives in a small hut in the mountains. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） The villagers built simple to live in after the storm. A huts B cottages C apartments(答案：A) 8.handshake/'hend∫ek/n.握手 3 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 词义辨析： handshake:正式用词，指两人见面或告别时的“握手”动作，是可数名词。 greeting:泛指“问候、招呼”，包括握手、微笑、问候语等多种形式。 同义替换： handclasp 例句： They exchanged a firm handshake before starting the meeting. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4情景交际） is a common way to greet someone in many cultures. A handshake B hug C kiss (答案：A) 9.platform/'platfo:m/n.平台；站台；舞台 词义辨析： platform:可指火车站的“站台”、演讲的“讲台、舞台”，或抽象的“平台”（如技术平台）。 stage:主要指“舞台”（用于表演）或“阶段”（如发展阶段）。 同义替换： stage,podium 例句： The train will arrive at Platform 3 in five minutes 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4听力训练） Please wait for the bus at the _near the supermarket A platform B station C stop (答案：A) l0.plug /plag/n.插头；插座；堵塞物t.封堵：补足 词义辨析： plg:作名词时指电器“插头”“插座”或“堵塞物”；作动词时指“堵塞洞口”或“补足（漏洞、 时间等)”。 block:作动词时强调“阻塞、堵塞”通道、道路等，程度较重；作名词指“街区、石块”。 同义替换： block,stopper (n.);block,fill (v.) 例句： Don't forget to plug in the charger before going to bed. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇运用） He used a piece of cloth to the hole in the pipe. A plug B block C open (答案：A) 综合演练 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The local government has taken measures to improve conditions for low-income families. A housing B house Chome 2.The heavy suitcase was too difficult to carry,so he had to it along the corridor. A push B drag C carry 3.The grapes are not enough to eat;we need to wait for another week. Aripe Braw C young 4.We decided to rest in the of the old temple to escape the hot sun. A shade B shadow C shape 5.Don'twaste the bread-we can make sandwiches with it for lunch A leftover B remaining C spare 6.In many countries,free education is considered a basic human ,not a privilege. A right B privilege Cpower 7.After the earthquake,the homeless villagers lived in simple made of wood and cloth Ahuts B cottages C apartments 8.They exchanged a friendly before starting the business meeting A handshake Bhug Ckiss J 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 9.Passengers are requested to wait for the train at No.5 in the railway station. A platform B station C stop 10.He used a rubber stopper to the hole in the water pipe and prevent leakage. A plug B block Copen 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The government plans to build more affordable h for young people in the city 2.The child d his toy dog behind him as he walked slowly through the park. 3.These apples are r and sweet;you should try one 4.We sat in the s under the tree to avoid getting sunburned. 5.She stored the l rice in the fridge to use for dinner tomorrow. 6.Access to clean water is a basic human r,not a special privilege. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The small village only has a few (hut)made of bamboo and straw. 2.He(drag)the broken bicycle to the repair shop yesterday afternoon. 3.The (ripe)of the wheat depends on the weather in the next two weeks. 4.They shook hands firmly,and the warm (handshake)showed their mutual trust. 5.Please (plug)in the charger before the battery runs out completely. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这个地区的房价在过去十年里上涨了很多。 prices in this area have risen a lot in the past ten years. 2.农民们正在田地里收割成熟的小麦。 Farmers are harvesting the wheat in the fields 6 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Sharing 3.他用一块布堵住了墙上的小洞。 He used a piece of cloth to the small hole in the wall. 4.在许多文化中，握手是一种常见的问候方式。 A is a common way to greet others in many cultures. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Villagers in the mountainous area used to live in simple(hut)with poor living conditions.Last year,the local government started a housing improvement project.They built new apartments with better facilities,so the villagers no longer needed to live in(shade)-covered huts.The project also included training on how to store(leftover)food properly to avoid waste. One day,a visitor came to the village.He was surprised by the changes and (shake)hands warmly with the village head.The head proudly showed him around,saying,"Education and safe housing are not privileges but basic(right)for everyone."They stood on the (platform) of the new community center,looking at the ripe fruit trees in the garden,and smiled. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.housing 2.dragged 3ripe 4.shade 5.leftover 6.right ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.huts 2.dragged 3.ripeness 4.handshake 5.plug V.完成句子 1.Housing 2.ripe 3.plug 4.handshake V.语篇填空 1.huts 2.shade 3.leftover 4.shook 5.rights 6.platform