Unit 5 Launching Your Career 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 词汇精讲 【Unit5】Launching Your Career 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 graphic/'graefik/n.图表；图形：come to a conclusion短语得出产主义的n.共产主义者 图画adj.绘画的：图案的 结论 dedicate/dedikert/t.把…奉 estate'stert/n.庄园：住宅区；greedy/gri:di/ad.贪婪的：贪献给 工业区 心的 fox /fpks/n.狐狸：狡猾的人 (real)estate agent房地产经纪 entrepreneur/.pntrapr3'n3:t)/n.council/'kaonsl/n.委员会；市 人 创业者：企业家 政服务机构 accountant/a'kauntant/n.会计；receptionist/r'sepfanIst//n.接待canal /ka'nel/n.运河；灌溉渠 会计师 员 attend to短语关怀；照料；处理 spy/spa/n.密探：间谍vi.从事CV/,si:'i:/NAmE resume supervise/'su:p3vaIZ/Vt.&vi. 间谍活动t.突然看见：发现/'rezjumer;;'rezsmer)n.履历；主管：指导；监督 justice/'d3 AstIs/n.公平；公正：简历 handwriting /'haendrartin/n. 合理 socialist/sa∫alIst/adj.社会主法；书写；笔迹 accuse/kju:z/vt.控告：控诉：义的n.社会主义者 谴责 communist /'komjanIst/adj. 词义辨析及同义替换 1.accuse/a'kju:zt.控告；控诉；谴责 词义辨析： accuse:侧重“直接指控或指责某人做错事”，常与of搭配，语气较强，多用于法律或正式场合。 charges:同样表示“控告”，但更正式，法律术语中常用，搭配with,如charge sb.wit讪hsth.(指 控某人犯某罪)。 同义替换： charge,blame 例句： She accused her neighbor of stealing her bicycle. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career The police the man with murder A.accused B.charged C.blamed (答案：B) 2.attend to关怀；照料：处理 词义辨析： attend to:强调“专注于、照料（人或事）”，侧重动作的细致和周到，如attend to patients(照料 病人)、attend to business（处理事务)。 take care of:含义更广，可指“照顾、负责”，口语中常用，如take care of children(照顾孩子)、 take care of the problem（处理问题)。 同义替换 look after,care for,deal with 例句： The nurse needs to attend to the elderly patients first. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） As a manager,you must_both the customers and the employees. A.attend to B.take up C.put off(答案：A) 3.conclude /kan'klu:d/v.得出结论（短语：come to a conclusion) 词义辨析： come to a conclusion:固定短语，强调“经过思考或讨论后得出结论”，主语多为人。 draw a conclusion:与come to a conclusion同义，更正式，常见于书面语，如draw a conclusion from facts(从事实中得出结论)。 同义替换： reach a conclusion,draw a conclusion 例句： After discussing for hours,we finally came to a conclusion. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） What can we from the passage? A.come to a conclusion B.make a decision C.find a solution (答案：A) 4.greed少/'gri:di/ad.贪婪的：贪心的 词义辨析： greedy:侧重“对金钱、食物等过度渴望”，含贬义，如greedy for wealth(贪财)。 selfish:强调“自私的”，指只考虑自己，不顾他人，如a selfish person(自私的人)。 同义替换： avaricious,grasping 例句： The greedy man wanted to own all the land in the village. 2 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空） He was so that he refused to share any food with his friends. A.greedy B.generous C.honest (答案：A) 5.supervise/'su:pavaIZ/t.&vi.主管；指导；监督 词义辨析： supervise:强调“监督、管理（他人工作）”，确保任务正确完成，如supervise a project(监督项 目)。 monitor:侧重“持续监视、监测”，如monitor students'progress(监测学生进展)、monitor equipment (监控设备)。 同义替换： oversee,manage 例句： The boss will supervise the team to finish the task on time. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4语法填空） The teacher (supervise)the students during the exam yesterday. (答案：supervised) 6.dedicate/'dedikert/t.把…奉献给 词义辨析： dedicate:侧重“将时间、精力或生命奉献给崇高目标”，搭配to,如dedicate oneself to research (致力于研究)。 devote:与dedicate同义，更常用，可指“献身于、专注于”，如devote time to study(把时间用 于学习)。 同义替换： devote,commit 例句： She dedicated her life to helping poor children. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4书面表达） We should more time to protecting the environment. A.dedicate B.spend C.waste (答案：A) 7. estate/T'stet/n.庄园；住宅区；工业区（短语：real estate agent房地产经纪人） 词义辨析： estate:指“大片地产、庄园”或“住宅区”，也可指“遗产”。 property::含义更广，可指“财产、房产”，包括土地和建筑物，如personal property(个人财产)。 同义替换： property,land 例句： He inherited a large estate from his grandfather. 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇运用） My uncle works as a (房地产经纪人)in Beijing. (答案：real estate agent) 8.justice/'d3Asts/n.公平：公正；合理 词义辨析： justice:强调“法律或道德上的公正、正义”，是抽象名词，如social justice(社会正义)。 fairness:侧重“公平、平等”，指不偏祖任何一方，如fairness in competition(竞争中的公平)。 同义替换： fairness,righteousness 例句： Everyone has the right to seek justice. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） The story shows the importance of in society. A.justice B.wealth C.power (答案：A) 9.spy/spa/n.密探：间谍vi.从事间谍活动t.突然看见：发现 词义辨析： spy:作动词时，强调“暗中监视、间谍活动”，或“突然看见”（非正式），如spy on enemies(监 视敌人)、spy a bird in the tree(突然看见树上有只鸟)。 spot:指“发现、认出”，侧重从人群或环境中注意到某物，如spot a familiar face(认出一张熟 悉的脸)。 同义替换： detect,spot(作“发现”时) 例句： The soldier spied a enemy tank in the distance. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空） I a wallet lying on the ground when I walked in the park. A.spied B.ignored C.passed(答案：A) 10.socialist/'sao∫alst/adj.社会主义的n.社会主义者&communist/'kpmjanist/adj.共产主义的n. 共产主义者 词义辨析： socialist:指“社会主义的、社会主义者”，强调“社会公平、集体主义”。 communists:指“共产主义的、共产主义者”，是社会主义的更高阶段，强调“生产资料公有、无 阶级社会”。 同义替换： socialist-socialistic communist->communistic 4 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 例句： China is a socialist country led by the Communist Party of China. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4政治术语填空） ideology aims to build a classless society. (答案：Communist) ll.handwriting/'haendrat/n.书法；书写：笔迹 词义辨析： handwriting:指“个人的书写笔迹”，如good handwriting(好笔迹)。 calligraphy:更正式，指“书法艺术”，尤指中文、日文等的毛笔书法，如Chinese calligraphy(中 国书法)。 同义替换： script,penmanship 例句： Her handwriting is so neat that teachers often praise her. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4写作题） Pay attention to your when writing the composition (答案：handwriting） l2.graphic/graefik/adj.绘画的；图案的n.图表；图形：图画 词义辨析： graphic:作形容词时，指“生动的、形象的”（如graphic description生动的描述）：作名词时，指 “图表、图形”。 chat:仅作名词，指“图表、曲线图”，如a pie chart(饼图)。 同义替换： visual,,diagram(作名词时) 例句： The report includes many graphic illustrations to explain the data. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4数学同步） Please draw a to show the relationship between time and speed. A.graphic B.chart C.picture (答案：B) 综合演练 综合练习 单项选择 1.The police the thief with stealing a large amount of money from the bank. 5 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career A.accused B.charged C.blamed 2.As a doctor,you must the patients carefully and patiently. A.attend to B.take up C.put off 3.After analyzing the data,the researchers finally that the new drug was effective. A.came to a conclusion B.made a decision C.found a solution 4.The」 businessman tried to buy all the shares of the company to control it. A.greedy B.generous C.honest 5.The engineer was asked to the construction process to ensure safety. A.supervise B.monitor C.manage 6.She decided to her life to scientific research to find a cure for the disease. A.dedicate B.spend C.waste 7.My father works as a in a real estate company. A.real estate agent B.property manager C.land director 8.The novel mainly discusses the theme of and how it affects people's lives. A.justice B.wealth C.power 9.I a rare bird in the forest while I was hiking yesterday. A.spied B.ignored C.passed 6 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 10.China is a country with a long history and rich culture. A.socialist B.communist C.capitalistic 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government is trying to promote social (and equality 2.The(房地产经纪人)showed us several houses that meet our requirements. 3.She has beautiful (笔迹)，which makes her notes very easy to read. 4.The report includes some (to help readers understand the data better. 5.The spy was caught (从事间谍活动)in the enemy country. 6.The manager needs to (the work of the entire team to ensure the project is completed on time. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The teacher (supervise)the students'experiments in the lab yesterday afternoon. 2.After hours of discussion,they finally( (conclude)that the plan was not feasible. 3.She is (greed)for knowledge and reads books every day. 4.The artist (dedicate)his whole life to painting and created many masterpieces. 5.The police (accuse)the suspect of robbing a convenience store last night. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.护士需要优先照料那些病情严重的病人。 The nurse needs to the patients with serious illnesses first. 2.我们应该把更多的时间奉献给环境保护。 We should more time protecting the environment. 3.从这些事实中我们可以得出什么结论？ What conclusion can we these facts? 4.老板将监督这个项目，以确保它按时完成。 The boss will the project to ensure it is completed on time. 1 高中选修4人教 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 5.他如此贪婪，以至于不想和任何人分享他的财富。 He was so that he didn't want to share his wealth with anyone. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last week,a serious theft happened in a jewelry store.The police were called and they soon began to investigate.They (1)(accuse/charged)a young man with the theft because he was seen near the store at the time of the crime.The detective had to(2)(attend to/deal with)many details, such as checking the surveillance videos and interviewing witnesses. During the investigation,the detective(3)(spied/spotted)a small piece of cloth from the thief's clothes at the scene.After analyzing the evidence,the police(4)(came to a conclusion/drew a conclusion)that the young man was indeed the thief. The thief was arrested and taken to court.The judge emphasized the importance of(5) (0uS- tice/fairness)and sentenced him to three years in prison.The store owner thanked the police for their quick action and said that he would (6) (dedicate/devote)more time to improving the security system of his store. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.justice 2.real estate agent 3.handwriting 4.graphics 5.spying 6.supervise ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.supervised 2.concluded 3.greedy 4.dedicated 5.accused V.完成句子 1.attend to 2.dedicate;to 3.draw;from 4.supervise 5.greedy V.语篇填空 1.charged 2.attend to 3.spotted 4.came to a conclusion 5justice 6.devote 8