Unit 2 Morals and Virtues三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第三册（人教版）

高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 必修三 【Unit2】Morals and Virtues 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 principle/'prinsopl/n.原则；准respect sb.for sth.因某事尊重apology/pplad3i/n.道歉；认 则：道德规范 某人 错：谢罪 flexible/'fleksabl/adj.灵活的：be respectful of尊重…. apologize/a'pDlad3aIz/vi.道歉： 可弯曲的：有弹性的 responsibility/1,sponsa'blti/n.认错：谢罪 integrity /m'tegrati/n.诚实正直；责任；义务：职责 mery/m3:si/n.仁慈；宽容：怜 完整；完好 responsible /rI'sppnsabl/adj.负悯 reputation/,repju'ten/n.名誉：责的；有责任的：可靠的 ympathy/'smpa0i/n.同情：赞 名声 be responsible for对…负责 同：支持 have a good reputation有好名blame /blemm/t.责备；指责；n.sympathetic/,smp3'0 etik/adj.. 声 责备；指责 同情的：有同情心的：赞同的 earm/3n/t.赚得：挣得：获得；blame sb.for sth.因某事责备empathy/'empθi/n.同感；共 赢得 某人 鸣：共情 earn one's living谋生 be to blame for对~应负责任justice/'d3Asts/n.正义；公正： respect /rI'spekt/t.&n.尊重；forgive/fa'gv/t.&vi.(forgave,司法 尊敬：重视 forgiven)原谅；宽恕；饶恕 词义辨析及同义替换 l.respect/rI'spekt//t.&n.尊重；尊敬；重视 词义辨析： respect:强调因对方的品质、成就或地位而产生的“尊敬、敬重”，可作动词或名词，搭配respect sb.for sth.(因某事尊重某人)。 honor:侧重“给予荣誉、表示敬意”，语气更正式，如honor sb.with an award(授奖以表彰某 人)。 同义替换： honor,admire 例句： 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 We all respect the teacher for her kindness and wisdom. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习) Students should their parents and teachers at any time. A.respect B.blame C.forgive (答案：A) 2.responsibility,spDns3:'bilati//n.责任；义务；职责 词义辨析： responsibility:指“分内的责任、应尽的义务”，是名词，搭配take responsibility for(对…负 责)。 duty:侧重“因法律、道德或职业要求必须做的事”，如one's duty to help others(帮助他人的义 务)。 同义替换： duty,obligation 例句： It's our responsibility to protect the environment. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） As a manager,he has to take for the team's performance. A.responsibility B.reputation C.mercy (答案：A) 3.blame /blemm/vt.责备：指责：n.责备：指责 词义辨析： blame:强调“将错误归咎于某人”，搭配blame sb.for sth.(因某事责备某人)，可作动词或名词。 scold:侧重“大声训斥、责骂”，语气较强烈，多用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级。 同义替换： scold,criticize 例句： Don't blame him for the mistake;it was my fault 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） The teacher the students for being late to class A.blamed B.respected C.forgave (答案：A) 4.forgive /fa'qIv/t.&vi.原谅；宽恕；饶恕 2 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： forgive:指“主动原谅他人的过错”，语气较正式，搭配forgive sb.for sth.(原谅某人某事)，过 去式为forgave,过去分词为forgiven。 excuse:侧重“为轻微的过失或疏忽找理由”，语气较轻，如excuse me for interrupting(原谅我 打扰了)。 同义替换： excuse,pardon 例句： She finally forgave her friend for breaking the promise 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） It's hard to someone who has hurt you deeply,but it's necessary for your own peace. A.forgive B.blame C.apologize (答案：A) 5.apology/e'pplad3in.道歉：认错：谢罪 词义辨析： apology:是名词，指“正式的道款”，搭配make an a即ology to sb.（向某人道歉)。 apologize:是动词，含义与apology一致，搭配apologize to sb.for sth.(因某事向某人道歉)。 同义替换： soTy(口语，如say sorry to sb.) 例句： He made an apology to his mother for forgetting her birthday. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） You should offer an to your classmate if you hurt his feelings. A.apology B.reputation C.justice (答案：A) 6.sympathy/'simpa0i/n.同情；赞同；支持 词义辨析： sympathy:指对他人的苦难表示“同情、怜悯”，搭配feel sympathy for sb.(同情某人)。 empathy:强调“设身处地理解他人的感受”，即“共情”，比sympathy更深层次。 同义替换： compassion,pity 例句： We all felt sympathy for the victims of the earthquake. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） She showed great for her friend who lost her pet dog 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.sympathy B.flexibility C.integrity (答案：A) 7.justice/'d3Asts/n.正义：公正：司法 词义辨析： justice:指“法律或道德上的公正、正义”，也可指“司法系统”，如social justice(社会正义)。 fairness:侧重“公平、公正的态度或行为”，如fairness in competition(竞争中的公平)。 同义替换： fairness,righteousness 例句： Everyone has the right to seek justice under the law. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） The judge is known for his commitment to and equality A.justice B.mercy C.reputation (答案：A) 8.mercy/'m3si/n.仁慈：宽容；怜悯 词义辨析： mercy:指“对弱者或罪人表现出的慈悲、宽容”，搭配show mercy to sb.(对某人表示仁慈)。 kindness:侧重“善良、友好的行为”，如an act of kindness(善举)。 同义替换： kindness,compassion 例句： The king showed mercy to the prisoner and set him free. 真题链接： (人教版高中必修三单元测试) We should treat animals with and care A.mercy B.blame C.respect (答案：A) 9.eputation/,repju'teIn/n.名誉；名声 词义辨析： reputation:指“公众对某人或某物的评价”，搭配have a good/bad reputation(有好/坏名声)。 fame:侧重“广泛的声誉、名气”，常指因成就而闻名，如win fame as a writer(以作家身份成 名)。 同义替换： fame,name 4 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The company has a good reputation for quality service. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） His as an honest man was destroyed by the scandal A.reputation B.integrity C.justice (答案：A) l0.integrity/m'tegrati/n.诚实正直；完整；完好 词义辨析： integrity:强调“人格上的诚实正直”，也可指“事物的完整性”，如a man of integrity(正直的 人)。 honesty:侧重“言行真实、不欺骗”，如honesty is the best policy(诚实为上策)。 同义替换： honesty,uprightness 例句： We admire her for her integrity and strong principles. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） A leader must have to gain the trust of the people A.integrity B.flexibility C.sympathy (答案：A) 11.1 exible/'fleksabl/adj.灵活的：可弯曲的：有弹性的 词义辨析： flexible:指“能适应变化的、灵活的”，也可形容物体“可弯曲的”，如flexible working hours(弹 性工作时间)。 adaptable:侧重“能适应新环境或情况的”，如an adaptable person(适应力强的人)。 同义替换： adaptable,adjustable 例句： You need to be flexible when dealing with different people. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） The plan should be enough to change if needed. A.flexible B.responsible C.sympathetic (答案：A) 12.earn3n/t.赚得：挣得：获得：赢得 5 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： eam:强调“通过努力或工作获得报酬或荣誉”，搭配earn one's living(谋生)、earn respect(赢 得尊重)。 gain:侧重“通过努力逐渐获得”，如gain experience(积累经验)、gain confidence(获得信心)。 同义替换： gain,acquire 例句： He earns his living by teaching English 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） She a scholarship for her excellent grades A.earned B.blamed C.apologized (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We should our parents for their hard work and love. A.respect B.blame C.forgive 2.As students,it's our to study hard and develop good habits. A.responsibility B.reputation C.sympathy 3.Don’t」 him for the broken window:he didn't do it. A.respect B.blame C.apologize 4.It's important to others when they make mistakes sincerely. A.forgive B.earn C.scold 5.She made an to her friend for forgetting their appointment. 6 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.apology B.mercy C.justice 6.People often feel for those who lost their homes in the flood. A.flexibility B.sympathy C.integrity 7.The judge always tries to ensurein every case he handles. A.mercy B.fairness C.reputation 8.We should treat all living beings with and kindness. A.blame B.respect C.mercy 9.His good as a doctor was built through years of hard work. A.reputation B.apology C.duty 10.A person with will always tell the truth,even when it's difficult. A.integrity B.flexibility C.sympathy 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Everyone has the right to seek (正义)under the law. 2.The company's success is built on its (责任)to customers. 3.She showed great (同情)for the homeless child. 4.It's polite to make an (道歉)when you hurt someone's feelings. 5.He earned a good_ (名声)for his honesty and hard work. 6.The manager needs to be (灵活的)to handle unexpected problems.. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 > 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.She finally (forgive)her brother for breaking her favorite toy. 2.We should (earn)respect by our actions,not just words 3.It'sour (responsible)to protect the environment. 4.The teacher always encourages us to act with (integrity). 5.He spoke (public)about his experience to inspire others 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.作为团队成员，我们必须对自己的行为负责。 As team members,we must our actions 2.她因在比赛中的出色表现赢得了大家的尊重。 She from everyone for her excellent performance in the competition 3.如果你犯了错，最好向对方道歉。 If you make a mistake,you'd better the other person. 4.这位医生以对病人的仁慈和耐心而闻名。 The doctor is known for hisand towards patients. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A good leader should have many qualities.First,he must have (integrity/honesty)to gain trust.He should also be (flexible/adaptable)to handle different situations.When mistakes happen,he doesn't (blame/scold)others but takes (responsibility/duty)himself.He shows. (mercy/kindness)to those in need and works for (justice/fairness)for all.With these qualities,he can (earn/gain)respect from his team. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6B7.B8.C9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.justice 2.responsibility 3.sympathy 4.apology 5.reputation 6.flexible 8 高中人教 【必修三】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.forgave 2.earn 3.responsibility 4.integrity 5.publicly V.完成句子 1.take responsibility for 2.earned respect 3.make an apology to 4.mercy,patience V.语篇填空 1.integrity 2.flexible 3.blame 4.responsibility 5.mercy 6.justice 7.earn