Unit 4 Sharing一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 精讲专版 【Unit4】Sharing 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 parcel /'pa:sl/n.包裹t.裹好：vi.除杂草 擦：橡胶 打包 chorus/'ko:ras/n.合唱曲：合唱washroom/'wDum/n.洗手间； jam/d3m/n.果酱：堵塞 团vt.合唱；齐声说a chorus of厕所 mail /mer/n.邮件；信件：邮政齐声；异口同声 rigid/rId3d/adj.死板的；固执 t.邮寄：发电邮给 cotton/'kotn/n.棉布；棉花 的 secondary/'sekandri/adj.中学uniform/'ju:nrfo:m/n.校服；制bubble/'babl/vi.起泡；沸腾 的：次要的 服adj.一致的：统一的 tube /tju:b/n.管子；管状物 clay /kle/n.黏土；陶土 not to mention短语更不用说；circus/'s3ks/n.马戏团 dust/dst/n.沙土；灰尘vi.&且不说 chemist/'kemist/n.化学家；药 t.擦灰 tablet/'taeblat//n.平板电脑：便剂师；药房 dusy/dasti/adj.布满灰尘的 笺本：药片 weed /wi:d/n.杂草；野草t.&rubber'rAba)/n.橡皮；黑板 词义辨析及同义替换 1.secondary/'sekandri/adj..中学的；次要的 词义辨析： secondary:作“中学的”时，特指中等教育阶段，如secondary school(中学)：作“次要的”时， 强调在重要性上低于主要事物。 primary: 侧重“首要的、初级的”，如primary school(小学)，与secondary构成教育阶段的对 应关系。 同义替换： junior,minor 例句： English is a secondary subject in some schools,but it's still important. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） In China,education is divided into primary, and higher education. 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 A.secondary B.senior C.junior (答案：A) 2.mail/me/n.邮件：信件：邮政t.邮寄：发电邮给 词义辨析： mal:泛指通过邮政系统或电子邮件发送的信件、包裹等，美式英语中更常用：作动词时可指邮 寄实物或发送电子邮件。 post:英式英语中常用，指“邮政、邮件”，作动词时仅表示“邮寄实物”，不用于电子邮件。 同义替换： post,email 例句： I need to mail this parcel to my friend in Beijing 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） -How did you send the document? -I it to her email address yesterday. A.posted B.mailed C.delivered (答案：B) 3.1 niform/ju:nrfo:m/n.校服：制服adj.一致的；统一的 词义辨析： uniform(名词)：指特定团体（如学校、军队）统一穿着的服装，如school uniform(校服)。 clothes:泛指各类服装，无“统一”含义，是总称。 同义替换： consistent,identical 例句： All students must wear uniforms on school days. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） The soldiers wear to show their identity A.clothes B.uniforms C.suits (答案：B) 4.rigid/'rd3d/adj.死板的；固执的 词义辨析： gd:侧重“僵硬的、不知变通的”，可形容规则、思维或人性格固执。 stiff:指“僵硬的、生硬的”，可形容身体部位僵硬或态度不自然，语气较igid弱。 同义替换： inflexible.strict 例句： His rigid attitude made it hard to reach an agreement. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读专项） The old man has a way of thinking and refuses to accept new ideas. A.flexible B.rigid C.open(答案：B) 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 5.chemist/'kemist/n.化学家：药剂师：药房 词义辨析： chemist(药剂师/药房)：英式英语中，指“药剂师”或“药房”（美式英语用pharmacist和drugstore): 作“化学家”时，指研究化学的科学家。 pharmacist:仅指“药剂师”，不包含“化学家”含义。 同义替换： pharmacist(药剂师)，chemist's(药房，口语) 例句： You can buy medicine at the chemist's across the street. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇运用） My aunt works as a in the hospital and helps patients get medicine A.chemist B.doctor C.nurse(答案：A) 6.dusty/dAsti/.adj.布满灰尘的 词义辨析： dsty:由st(灰尘)加后缀y构成，强调“覆盖灰尘的”，形容物体表面有灰尘。 dity:泛指“脏的”，可因灰尘、污渍等多种原因，范围更广。 同义替换： dusty-covered with dust 例句： The old books on the shelf are so dusty that I need to clean them. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空） The room was because no one had lived in it for years. A.clean B.dusty C.bright(答案：B) 7.not to mention短语更不用说；且不说 词义辨析： not to mention:用于补充说明，强调后者比前者更重要或更明显，前后内容为递进关系。 let alone:语气更强，指“更不用说”，多用于否定句，前后内容为程度上的递进，且后者更不 可能。 同义替换： to say nothing of,let alone 例句： He can't even speak English,not to mention write articles in it 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4语法填空） She has to look after her younger sister, (not mention)doing housework. (答案：not to mention) 3 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 8.bubble/'babl/vi.起泡；沸腾 词义辨析： bubble:指液体表面“起泡、冒泡”，如boiling water bubbles(沸水冒泡)，也可指“气泡”。 boil:指液体“沸腾”，达到沸点时剧烈冒泡，是状态描述：bubble强调“起泡”的动作。 同义替换： fizz,foam 例句： The soup began to bubble on the stove. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） When water it produces bubbles A.freezes B.boils C.cools (答案：B) 9.parcel/'pa:s/n.包裹t.裹好；打包 词义辨析： parcel:英式英语中常用，指通过邮政寄送的“小包裹”；美式英语多用package。 package:泛指各类“包裹”，可大可小，也指“包装”，如gift package(礼品包装)。 同义替换： package,bundle 例句： I received a parcel from my parents yesterday. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4听力专项） —What's in the on the table? It's a birthday gift for my brother. A.parcel B.bagC.box(答案：A) 10.wash'oom/'wou:m/n.洗手间：厕所 词义辨析： washroom:泛指“洗手间、厕所”，尤指公共场合带有洗手设施的卫生间，美式英语中常用。 toilet:英式英语中最常用，指“厕所”，可指家庭或公共卫生间。 同义替换： restroom,bathroom 例句： Could you tell me where the washroom is? 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4情景交际） Excuse me,is there a near here? -Yes,it's on the second floor. A.washroom B.classroom C.library (答案：A) 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 11.chorus/'kor3s/n.合唱曲：合唱团t.合唱：齐声说a chorus of齐声；异口同声 词义辨析： chorus（齐声说)：强调“多人同时说同一句话”，常用搭配a chorus of voices。 unison:指“unison(齐奏/齐唱)”，强调声音完全一致，语气比chorus正式。 同义替换： unison,simultaneous 例句： The children shouted in chorus,"Happy New Year!" 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） The crowd answered in to the speaker's question. A.chorus B.silence C.noise(答案：A) 12.tube /tju:b/n.管子：管状物 词义辨析： ube:指中空的“管子”，如水管、试管等，也可指英式英语中的“地铁”(underground的口语 化表达)。 pipe:多指“管道”，用于输送液体或气体，如water pipe（水管)，比tube更强调“输送功能”。 同义替换： pipe,cylinder 例句： The water flows through a plastic tube 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇辨析） Oil is carried through under the ground. A.tubes B.pipes C.wires （答案：B) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.In the UK,students usually go to school after finishing primary education. A.secondary B.primary C.higher 2.My mother prefersto letters instead of sending emails because she likes handwritten notes A.mail 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 B.post C.deliver 3.All employees in this company must wear during work hours to maintain a professional image. A.clothes B.uniforms C.suits 4.The rules of this club are too no one is allowed to make any changes. A.flexible B.rigid C.open 5.You can buy over-the-counter medicine at the on the corner of the street A.chemist's B.doctor's C.nurse's 6.The old attic was so that we had to wear masks while cleaning it. A.clean B.dirty C.dusty 7.She can't even cook simple dishes, prepare a fancy meal for guests. A.not to mention B.let alone C.to say nothing of 8.When the water starts to you can add the noodles into the pot. A.freeze B.bubble C.cool 9.My pen pal sent me a filled with books and snacks from her country. A.parcel B.bag C.box 10.Excuse me,could you tell me where the is?I need to wash my hands. A.washroom B.classroom C.library 6 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 二、 根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The students sang the school song in c at the opening ceremony. 2.Oil is transported through underground p to different cities. 3.The scientist used a glass t to mix the chemicals in the experiment. 4.Hisr beliefs made him refuse any new technology. 5.The museum displays the uworn by soldiers during World War II. 6.I forgot to m the letter yesterday,so it might arrive late 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The teacher requires all students to wear (uniform)on Mondays. 2.Her (rigidly)planned schedule left no time for unexpected events. 3.The chemist (mix)the medicine carefully according to the prescription. 4.The (dust)windows made the room look dark and unwelcoming. 5.The children shouted (chorus)when they saw the cartoon character. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这所学校的教育体系分为初等、中等和高等教育。 The education system in this school is divided into primary, and higher education 2. 他不仅会说英语，更不用说写英语论文了。 He can speak English, write papers in it. 3.士兵们穿着统一的制服以示身份。 The soldiers wear to show their identity. 4.因为长时间没人打扫，书架上的书布满了灰尘。 The books on the shelf were dust because no one cleaned them for a long time. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 高中选修4人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换 In many countries,students start their education at primary school and then move to (1)(sec- ondary/primary)school.At secondary school,they must wear (2)(uniforms/clothes)to ensure a sense of unity.Teachers often complain about students with _(3)(rigid/flexible)attitudes who refuse to follow rules.After school,some students go to the(4)(chemist's/doctor's)to buy stationery or medicine. One day,Lily received a(5)(parcel/package)from her pen pal.The box was (6) (dusty/clean)because it had traveled a long way.She opened it and found a letter,which her pen pal had (7)(mailed/posted)a week ago.The letter said,"I can't even ride a bike, (8)(not to mention/let alone)drive a car!"Lily laughed and decided to reply immediately. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3B4.B5.A6.C7.A8.B9.A10.A Ⅱ首字母填空 1.chorus 2.pipes 3.tube 4rigid 5.uniforms 6.mail I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.uniforms 2rigid 3.mixed 4.dusty 5.in chorus V.完成句子 1.secondary 2.not to mention 3.uniforms to 4.covered with V.语篇填空 1.secondary 2.uniforms 3.rigid 4.chemist's 5.parcel 6.dusty 7.mailed 8.not to men tion 8