Unit 4 Sharing 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 选修4 【Unit4】Sharing 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 disabled d仙s 'erbld/adj..有残（疾病）：与…订立合同（或契咨询：咨询会 疾的：丧失能力的 约)/'kontrcekt/n.合同；契约relay/ri:ler,nler/t.转发： resign /'zam/vi.&t.辞职；grant/gra:t;NAmE grcent/vt.转播n.接力赛；接班的人relay 辞去 同意：准许n.拨款 to转达给…：转发给… deserve /dr'3/t.值得；应take)for granted短语认为(criterion /krar 'trarian/n.pl. 得：应受 …是理所当然；对()不criteria/-ri3)标准：准则：原则 lately/lertli/av.最近；不久予重视 stability/sta'brlati/n.稳定 前；近来 cardiac/a.:diek/adj.心脏病（性）：稳固（性） input/mpt/n.情况：信息；的：心脏的 pray prer/vi.&t.企盼：祈 投入；输入t.输入 circuit/'s:t/n.巡回：环形祷pray that但愿 tune j:AmEt:/n.曲线路 hypothetical harpa Qetrkl/ 调：曲子t.调音；调节；调频disability/disa brlati/n.缺陷；adj.假设的；假定的 道 障碍 contr act kan 'troekt/t.感染consultation konsl teifn/n 词义辨析及同义替换 1.deserve/d'z3vt.值得；应得：应受 词义辨析： deserve:侧重“应得（奖励、惩罚、关注等）”，强调基于行为或品质的合理性，主语可为人或 事物。 am:侧重“通过努力获得（报酬、荣誉等）”，强调付出与回报的直接关联。 同义替换： earn,be worthy of 例句： She has worked hard and deserves this promotion. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 His selfless contributions to the project high praise from everyone. A.receive B.deserve C.accept (答案：B) 2.esign /rI'zaIn/i.&t.辞职：辞去 词义辨析： resign:指“主动辞职”，常搭配from+职位，如resign from the post。. quit:含义更广，可指“辞职、放弃（工作、学业等）”，口语化更强，如quit the job。 同义替换： quit,step down 例句： He decided to resign as manager due to health reasons. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） After the scandal,the CEO was forced to from his position A.resign B.retire C.return (答案：A) 3.grant/gra:nt,NAmE graent/vt.同意：准许n.拨款 词义辨析： grant(v.):侧重“正式同意或批准（请求、权利等）”，语气较正式，如grant permission。 allow:普通用词，指“允许某人做某事”，语气较随意，如allow sb.to do sth. 同义替换： allow,permit 例句： The government granted us permission to build a new school. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读专项） The universityher a scholarship to study abroad A.granted B.offered C.provided (答案：A) 4.lately/lertli/adv.最近；不久前：近来 词义辨析： lately:多用于现在完成时，强调“最近一段时间内”，常与recently互换。 recently:可用于多种时态，既可以指“不久前的某一时间点”，也可指“最近一段时间”。 同义替换： recently,of late 例句： I haven't seen her lately.Have you heard from her? 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4语法填空） —Have you met John__? -Yes,I saw him at the library yesterday. A.lately B.finally C.suddenly (答案：A) 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.input/'mpot/h.情况：信息；投入；输入t.输入 词义辨析： input(n.):侧重“（对某事物的）投入、贡献或信息输入”，如technical input。 information:泛指“信息、消息”，范围更广，不强调“投入”含义。 同义替换： information,contribution 例句： We need your input on how to improve the project. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇运用） The success of the plan depends on everyone's and cooperation. A.input B.output C.feedback(答案：A) 6.contract/kan'traekt/vt.感染（疾病）：与…订立合同（或契约）/'kontr aekt/n.合同；契约 词义辨析： contract(v.感染)：特指“感染疾病”，如contract a virus。 catch:普通用词，可指“患（病）”，如catch a cold,口语化更强。 同义替换： catch,get 例句： He contracted COVID-19 while traveling abroad 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空） It's easy to a cold in such changeable weather. A.contract B.nake C.take(答案：A) 7.stability/sta'brlati/h.稳定（性）：稳固（性） 词义辨析： stability:指“状态或系统的稳定、稳固”，如political stability。 stability:不可数名词，侧重抽象概念：稳固性。 同义替换： steadiness,balance 例句： Economic stability is essential for social development 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） The government is taking measures to ensure the of prices. A.stability B.variety C.mobility(答案：A) 8.disability/disa'bilati/n.缺陷：障碍 3 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： disability:指“身体或智力上的残疾、障碍”，强调功能性限制。 disorder:侧重“（身体或精神上的）紊乱、失调”，如a mental disorder。 同义替换： handicap,impairment 例句： People with disabilities should have equal access to education 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试） The organization provides support for children with physical A.disability B.ability C.activity (答案：A) 9.take()for granted认为()是理所当然；对（…)不予重视 词义辨析： take.for granted:强调“主观上认为某事理所当然而不珍惜”，如take parents'love for granted。 take…as granted:表述错误，正确搭配为take…for granted。 同义替换： take..-lightly,overlook the value of 例句： We often take clean water for granted,but many people in the world lack it. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4完形填空） Don't your health for granted.Exercise regularly and eat well. A.take B.make C.get(答案：A) l0.relay/ri:ler,rle/t.转发；转播n.接力赛；接班的人 词义辨析： relay(t.转发)：指“传递信息、信号或转播节目”，如relay a message。 pass:普通用词，指“传递物品、信息”，如pass the news。 同义替换： pass on,forward 例句： Please relay this message to your manager immediately. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4词汇运用） The radio station will the live broadcast of the concert tonight. A.relay B.send C.carry (答案：A) 11.riterion /krar'trerian/m.(pl.criteria)标准；准则：原则 词义辨析： criterion:侧重“判断或评估的客观标准”，单数形式；复数为criteria。 standard:泛指“标准、规格”，可指具体或抽象的标准，单复数同形。 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： standard,principle 例句： The main criterion for admission is academic performance. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4语法填空） What are the (criterion)for selecting the winner? (答案：criteria) l2.ypothetical/,hap3'etk/adj.假设的；假定的 词义辨析： hypothetical:指“基于假设的、非真实的”，如a hypothetical situation。 imaginary:侧重“想象出来的、虚构的”，如an imaginary friend。. 同义替换： supposed,theoretical 例句： Let's consider a hypothetical case where the project fails. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修4阅读理解） The author uses aexample to explain the theory. A.hypothetical B.historical C.practical(答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Her selfless dedication to the community the respect of everyone around her. A.earns B.deserves C.receives 2.After the accident,the engineer decided tofrom his position due to health issues. A.retire B.quit C.resign 3.The school authority finally _our request to build a new laboratory. A.allowed B.granted C.permitted 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.-Have you seen Mary?I need to return her book. -Yes,she was in the library an hour ago. A.lately B.recently C.finally 5.The success of the project relies on everyone's and teamwork. A.information B.input C.feedback 6.It's easy to a flu in winter if you don't keep warm. A.catch B.contract C.get 7.The government is working to ensure the of prices during the festival season. A.stability B.standard C.balance 8.The selection for the scholarship include academic performance and community service. A.criterion B.criteria C.standards 9.The teacher used a _example to explain the difficult concept to the students. A.hypothetical B.imaginary C.practical 10.Please this urgent message to the manager as soon as possible. A.pass B.relay C.forward 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The company()him a promotion for his outstanding performance last year. 2.She has been feeling tired_(最近)，so she decided to take a break 3.The for judging the competition will be announced next week. 6 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 haring词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.People with (should have equal opportunities in education and employment 5.Don't (认为…理所当然)your parents'love,express your gratitude often 6.The radio station will (转播)the World Cup final live tonight.. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (criterion)for the job interview are strict but fair. 2.She (recent)moved to this city and is still looking for a job. 3.The government has. (grant)funds to improve public transportation. 4.Let's discuss a (hypothetical)situation where we run out of resources. 5.He (resign)from his post last month and now works as a freelance writer. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们不能忽视环境保护的重要性。 We can't the importance of environmental protection granted. 2.学校同意了她的申请，让她参加国际交流项目。 The school her application to join the international exchange program. 3.最近你和你的笔友有联系吗？ Have you heard from your pen pal? 4.这个项目的成功取决于团队成员的共同投入。 The success of the project depends on the jointof all team members. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The school library has announced a new scholarship program.To apply,students need to meet certain (criterion),such as excellent grades and volunteer experience.The library committee will review applications and_ (grant)scholarships to 10 students.Lately),many students have asked about the details,so the library will(relay)the information through the school website.A teacher mentioned,"Don't this opportunity for granted-prepare your application carefully!"One student said,"I hope I (deserve)this scholarship;I've worked hard all year." 7 高中选修4人教 【Unit4】 Sharing词义辨析及同义替换精讲 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.C3B4.A5.B6.B7.A8B9.A10.B Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.granted 2.lately 3.criteria 4.disability 5.take 6.relay I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.criteria 2.recently 3.granted 4.hypothetical 5.resigned V.完成句子 1.take;for 2.granted 3.lately/recently 4.input V.语篇填空 1.criteria 2.grant 3.Lately 4.relay 5.take 6.deserve 8