Unit 2 Morals and Virtues一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第三册（人教版）

高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 核心精讲 【Unit2】Morals and Virtues 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 mor al/mpral/adj.道德的：道义慈；好意 innocent/'n3smt/adj.无辜的；清 上的；n.道德；品行：寓意 kind /kamd/adj.善良的；友好 白的：天真的：n.无辜者；天真 virtue /'v3tu/n.美德：德行：优的：n.种类 的人 的 generosity/,.d3 ena'rDsati/n.慷guilt/glt/n.内疚：罪责：罪感 honesty/'DnIsti/n.诚实；正直 慨：大方：宽宏大量 guilty/'gti/adj.内疚的；有罪 honest/DnIst/adj.诚实的：正直generous/.'d3 enaras/adj.慷慨的；的 的：坦率的 大方的：宽厚的 forgive /fa'giv/vt.vi.(forgave, justice/'d3AstIs/n.正义：公正：devotion/d'vaUn/n.奉献；忠forgiven)原谅：宽恕；饶恕 司法 诚：挚爱 nercy/m3:si/n.仁慈：宽容：怜 just/d3Ast/adj.公正的；公平的；devoted/d'vautId/adj..挚爱的：悯 adv.只是：仅仅；刚刚 忠诚的：全心全意的 merciful/'m3:sfl/adj.仁慈的； fairness/'feanas/n.公平：公正：devote/dr'vatt.致力于：献身宽容的：慈悲的 合理 于：专心于 selfish/'selfif/adj.自私的；利己 fair /fea(r)/adj.公平的：公正的：devote oneself to致力于：献身的 合理的：n.集市：庙会；展览会于 selfless/'selflas/adj.无私的：忘 bravery/brervari/n.勇敢；勇气principle/'prmsapl/n.原则：准我的 brave /brerv//adj.勇敢的：无畏则；道德规范 selflessly/'selflasli//adv.无私地： 的：t.勇敢面对；冒（风险）in principle原则上：理论上 忘我地 kindness/'kamdnas/n.善良；仁in practice实际上；在实践中 词义辨析及同义替换 1.honest/'DIst/adj.诚实的：正直的：坦率的 词义辨析： honest:侧重形容人言行真实、不欺骗，强调道德层面的正直，如honest person(诚实的人)。 sincere: 侧重内心的真诚，情感或态度真实，如sincere apology(真诚的道款)。 同义替换： 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 sincere,truthful 例句： An honest student never cheats in exams. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） It's important to bewith your friends,or you will lose their trust. A.honest B.clever C.strict(答案：A) 2.just/d3Ast/adj.公正的：公平的；av.只是：仅仅：刚刚 词义辨析： just(adj):强调符合道德或法律标准的”公正”，如a just decision(公正的决定)。 fair(ad.):侧重”公平合理”，不偏祖任何一方，如fair competition(公平竞争)。 just(adv.):表示”刚刚；仅仅”，强调时间或程度，如I just finished my homework 同义替换： (adj.):fair,impartial;(adv.):only,merely 例句： The judge made a just ruling that satisfied both sides. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试) It's not_to blame her for the mistake-we all made errors. A.just B.easy C.necessary(答案：A) 3.devotion/d'van/n.奉献；忠诚：挚爱&devote/d'vat/t.致力于；献身于 词义辨析： devotion(n.):指对人或事业的'忠诚；奉献精神'，如devotion to duty(对职责的奉献)。 devote(v.):强调”投入时间/精力于某事'，常用搭配devote.to.,如devote oneself to research (致力于研究)。 同义替换： dedication (devotion):commit (devote) 例句： Her devotion to teaching won the respect of students./He devotes most of his time to charity work. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） Dr.Wang_herself to medical research for over 30 years. A.devoted B.started C.compared(答案：A) 4.principle/'prinsapl/n.原则；准则：道德规范 词义辨析： principle:指行为的'基本准则；道德原则'，如moral principle(道德准则)。 ule:侧重具体的'规则：规定”，如school rules(校规)。 同义替换： standard,guideline 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 例句： He never compromises on his principles,even when facing difficulties. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） It's against my to tell lies,no matter what the situation is. A.principles B.habits C.plans(答案：A) 5. innocent/'nsnt/adj.无辜的；清白的：天真的&guilty/grlti/adj.内疚的；有罪的 词义辨析： innocent:表示'无辜的；清白的'，反义词是guilty,如innocent victim(无辜受害者)。 guilty:指”有罪的；内疚的”，常用搭配feel guilty(感到内疚)。 同义替换： innocent-blameless,naive guilty->culpable,remorseful 例句： The court proved that he was innocent of the crime./She felt guilty for forgetting her mother's birthday. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） The suspect was foundand set free immediately. A.innocent B.guilty C.angry (答案：A) 6.mercy/'m3sin.仁慈：宽容；怜悯&merciful/'m3sfl/adj.仁慈的；宽容的 词义辨析： mercy(n.):指对他人的”怜悯：宽恕”，如beg for mercy(求饶)。 merciful(adj.):形容人”仁慈的：宽容的'，如a merciful judge(仁慈的法官)。 同义替换： compassion (mercy);kind (merciful) 例句： The king showed mercy to the prisoners./It was merciful of her to forgive him. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） The old man asked for_when he realized his mistake. A.mercy B.help C.money (答案：A) 7.selfish/selfif/adj.自私的；利己的&selfless/selflas/ad.无私的：忘我的 词义辨析： selfish:强调'只考虑自己”，反义词是selfless,.如a selfish act(自私的行为)。 selfless:指”无私的；不顾个人利益的”，如selfless devotion(无私奉献)。 同义替换： selfish-self-centered,greedy selfless-unselfish,altruistic 3 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 例句： A selfish person always puts their own needs first./Mother Teresa was known for her selfless love. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） Lin Tao is a boy-he often shares his things with classmates. A.selfless B.selfish C.shy (答案：A) 8.justice/'d3Asts/n.正义：公正；司法 词义辨析： justice:指”正义；公正”，也可指”司法系统”，如social justice(社会正义)。 fairness:侧重”公平合理'，强调结果或过程的平等，如fairness in competition(竞争的公平)。 同义替换： fairness,righteousness 例句： Everyone has the right to seek justice under the law. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） The novel discusses the theme of_and how it is achieved in society. A.justice B.power C.wealth(答案：A) 9.brave /brev/adj.勇敢的：无畏的&bravery/'brervari/n.勇敢：勇气 词义辨析： brave(adj.):形容人”勇敢的'，如a brave soldier(勇敢的士兵)。 bravery(n.):指”勇敢的品质或行为”，如an act of bravery(勇敢的行为)。 同义替换： courageous (brave);courage (bravery) 例句： She was brave enough to speak up against injustice./His bravery in the fire saved three lives. 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三同步练习） The little girl showed great_when she helped the old man cross the street. A.bravery B.fear C.sadness (答案：A) 10.kindness/'kaindn3s/n.善良；仁慈；好意&kind /kaind/adj..善良的：友好的 词义辨析： kindness(n.):指”善良的行为或品质，如an act of kindness（善举)。 kimd(adj.):形容人”善良的：友好的”，如a kind neighbor（友善的邻居)。 同义替换： goodness (kindness);benevolent (kind) 例句： Her kindness to strangers made her popular in the community./It's kind of you to help me with my luggage. 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 真题链接：（人教版高中必修三单元测试） is important in building good relationships with others. A.Kindness B.Anger C.Doubt(答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We should always bewith our parents,as lying will only hurt their feelings. A.honest B.clever C.strict 2.The judge's decision was_and satisfied both the plaintiff and the defendant. A.just B.easy C.necessary 3.Teachers oftenthemselves to educating students and shaping their futures A.devoted B.started C.compared 4.It is against my to cheat in exams,no matter how difficult the questions are. A.principles B.habits C.plans 5.After a thorough investigation,the police found that the young man was_and released him. A.innocent B.guilty C.angry 6.The beggar knelt down and begged for_when he was caught stealing bread. A.mercy B.help C.money 7.Mary is agirl who often volunteers to help the elderly in the community without asking for any- thing in return. 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】.Unit2道德与美德 A.selfless B.selfish C.shy 8.The movie mainly talks about the fight forin a society full of inequality. A.justice B.power C.wealth 9.The firefighter showed greatwhen he rushed into the burning building to save the child. A.bravery B.fear C.sadness 10.is the foundation of true friendship,as it makes people trust and care for each other. A.Kindness B.Anger C.Doubt 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.An hperson never tells lies and always keeps his promises. 2.The boss made a j_decision to give all employees a fair raise. 3.Her d to the project helped it succeed within the deadline. 4.As a student,you should stick to your moral pand not be easily influenced by bad behavior. 5.The court declared the suspect iafter finding no evidence against him 6.The king showed mto the defeated soldiers and allowed them to go home. 7.It is s to only think about your own needs and ignore others'feelings. 8.People all over the world are fighting for jand equality. 9.The little boy's b in facing the danger surprised everyone around him. 10.A small act of kcan warm a person's heart on a cold day. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is known for her(self)love and dedication to helping others. 6 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 2.The(judge)of the competition was praised for being fair and(mercy) 3.He(devote)most of his life to scientific research and made great achievements. 4.It is(honesty)of you to admit your mistake without being asked. 5.The child's(innocent)smile melted everyone's heart. 6.We should always show _(kind)to animals and treat them with care 7.His_(brave)in the face of danger inspired many young people. 8.She has a strong-(devote)to her family and always puts them first. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.对朋友诚实是很重要的，否则你会失去他们的信任。 It's important to beyour friends,or you will lose their trust. 2.这位医生致力于癌症研究已有20多年。 The doctorcancer research for over 20 years. 3.他从不违背自己的原则，即使在困难面前。 He never his_,even when facing difficulties 4.法院证明他是无辜的，没有犯那项罪。 The court proved that he was_the crime. 5.她对陌生人的善良使她在社区里很受欢迎。 Her_strangers made her popular in the community. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A good person is often described by their moral qualities.An-(honest/sincere)person always tells the truth and never cheats others.They believe in_(justice/fairness)and treat everyone equally. Many such people show(devote/devotion)to their work and help others selflessly.For example, a(selfish/selfless)teacher may spend extra time helping students with their studies.When facing difficulties,they show(brave/bravery)and never give up.Their(kind/kindness)to others makes the world a warmer place.Even when others make mistakes,they may show(mercy/merciful)and forgive them.These qualities are based on strong moral(principles/rules),which guide them to do what is right. 7 高中必修三人教 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2道德与美德 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.honest 2.just 3.devotion 4.principles 5.innocent 6.mercy 7.selfish 8.justice 9.bravery 10.kindness ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.selfless 2.justice;merciful 3.has devoted 4.honest 5.innocent 6.kindness 7.bravery 8.devotion V.完成句子 1.honest with 2.has devotedhimself to 3.compromises on;principles 4.innocent of 5.kind- ness to V.语篇填空 1.honest 2.justice 3.devotion 4.selfless 5.bravery 6.kindness 7.mercy 8.principles 8