Unit 2 Science Fiction二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（冀教版）

高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 选修专版 【Unit2】Science Fiction二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 quantity/'kwpntati/n.量；数量；tricky /'triki/adj.难办的：难对射物 大量 付的 dizy/'dzi/adj.头晕目眩的 durable/'djuarabl//adj.耐用的；highlight/'harlart/v.突出：强调 stimulate/'stmmjulert/v.刺激：激 持久的 transform /traens'fom/V.使改发 automatic/,:t3'maetrk/adj.自动变外观（或性质） surgeon/'s3:d3n/n.外科医生 的 emerge/im3:dv.出现；浮现 surgery/'s3d39rin.外科手术 appliance/3 plarans/n.(家用)illuminate'lu:mmert/v.照明；disturbance/d'st3bans/n.千扰： 电器；器具 阐明 打扰 draft/dra:ft/n.草稿v.起草 adiation/,rerdi'eun/n.辐射；放 词义辨析及同义替换 1. quantity/'kwpntati/n.量；数量；大量 词义辨析： quantity:侧重指事物的'数量”，是正式用语，常用于表示具体的数目或总量，可构成短语a large quantity of(大量的)。 number: 侧重指人或物的'数目”，通常用于可数名词前，构成短语a number of(许多)。 同义替换： amount,number 例句： A large quantity of water is needed for this project. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3同步练习） There is a large of rain in this area in summer. A.quantity B.number C.deal(答案：A) 2.durable/'djvarabl/adj.耐用的：持久的 词义辨析： 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 durable:强调物品”耐用的、经久不衰的'，侧重于使用寿命长，不易损坏。 lasting:侧重指影响、效果等”持久的、持续的”，可用于抽象事物。 同义替换： long-lasting,enduring 例句： This brand of shoes is very durable and comfortable 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3单元测试） The friendship between the two countries has lasted for over 50 years. A.durable B.lasting C.permanent(答案：B) 3.automatic/.3:t'metk/adj.自动的 词义辨析： automatic: 指机器或系统”自动的”，无需人工操作即可运行。 mechanical::侧重指”机械的、力学的”，与手工相对，可指机器的或机械般的动作。 同义替换： self-acting,mechanical 例句： This washing machine has an automatic drying function. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解改编） The new technology allows the door to open when it detects a person nearby A.automatically B.mechanically C.manually (答案：A) 4.appliance/A'plarans/n.（家用)电器；器具 词义辨析： appliance:特指”家用电器'，如冰箱、洗衣机等。 device:泛指”装置、设备”，可指小型电子设备或工具，如手机、电脑等。 同义替换： device,equipment 例句： We need to buy some kitchen appliances,such as a microwave oven. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3词汇运用） This store sells various household including TVs and refrigerators A.appliances B.devices C.tools (答案：A) 5.daft/taft/n.草稿v.起草 词义辨析： daft(n.):指文章、计划等的’草稿、初稿’，是可数名词。 ketch:侧重指绘画的’草图”或计划的'概要”，也可指简单的描写。 2 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： compose,draw up 例句： Please read the draft of the report and give me some suggestions. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3书面表达） Before writing the essay,you should first make a_ to organize your ideas. A.draft B.sketch C.plan (答案：A) 6.highlight/'harlart/v.突出：强调 词义辨析： highlight:指”突出、强调'某事物的重要性或亮点，使其一目了然。 emphasize:侧重通过语言或行动”强调'观点、事实等，语气较强。 同义替换： emphasize,stress 例句： The report highlights the importance of environmental protection 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解） The speaker the need for students to develop independent learning abilities. A.highlighted B.emphasized C.mentioned(答案：A) 7.transform /traens'fm/v.使改变外观（或性质） 词义辨析： transform:指事物在外观、性质或功能上发生”彻底的改变”，强调变化的程度大。 change:泛指”改变”，可指任何形式的变化，程度可大可小。 同义替换： change,convert 例句： The Internet has transformed the way we communicate with each other. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3完形填空） The small village has been into a modern town in the past ten years. A.transformed B.changed C.turned(答案：A) 8.emerge/i'm3:dv.出现；浮现 词义辨析： emerge:指从隐藏、遮蔽状态中”出现、浮现”，或问题、事实等”显露出来。 ppear:泛指”出现”，侧重从无到有地显现，可指人或事物。 同义替换： appear,come out 3 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： After the rain,a beautiful rainbow emerged in the sky 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解） A new problem during the process of the experiment. A.emerged B.appeared C.arose (答案：A) 9.illuminate'lu:mmert/v.照明；阐明 词义辨析： illuminate:指”照亮、照明”，也可比喻阐明、解释”某个问题或观点。 1ight:侧重指”点燃、照亮”，可指用灯光照亮某物，是常用词。 同义替换： light,clarify 例句： The street lamps illuminate the road at night. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3词汇辨析） The professor used examples to the difficult theory. A.illuminate B.light C.explain(答案：A) l0.radiation/,reIdi'en/n.辐射：放射物 词义辨析： radiation:指”辐射”，尤指放射性物质发出的射线，是不可数名词。 Iay:侧重指”光线、射线”，是可数名词，如sun rays(阳光)。 同义替换： radioactivity,rays 例句： Excessive radiation is harmful to human health 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3科普阅读） The doctor warned us to avoid exposure to harmful A.radiation B.rays C.energy (答案：A) ll.stimulate/strmjulert/v.刺激；激发 词义辨析： stimulate:指”刺激、激发”身体或大脑的活动，或激发兴趣、食欲等。 excite:侧重指使人”兴奋、激动”，情绪上的波动较大。 同义替换： excite,inspire 例句： Reading can stimulate our imagination and creativity. 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3完形填空） The interesting story the children's interest in reading A.stimulated B.excited C.encouraged (答案：A) 12.disturbance/d'st3bans/n.干扰：打扰 词义辨析： disturbance:指？干扰、打扰”，影响正常秩序或安宁，是正式用语。 interruption:侧重指”打断、中断”正在进行的事情，使过程停止。 同义替换： interruption,interference 例句： The noise from the construction site caused a disturbance to the residents 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3听力改编） Sorry for the but could you please turn down the music? A.disturbance B.interruption C.trouble (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.This new washing machine has an mode that can save both time and energy A.automatic B.mechanical C.manual 2.The report_ the importance of reducing plastic waste in daily life. A.highlights B.emphasizes C.mentions 3.After the heavy fog cleared,the outline of the distant mountains gradually. A.emerged B.appeared C.arose 4.The company needs a large of steel to complete the construction project. A.quantity B.number 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.deal 5.The professor used simple examples tothe complex scientific theory. A.illuminate B.light C.explain 6.The small town has been into a popular tourist destination over the past decade. A.transformed B.changed C.turned 7.The noise from the party next door caused a to our study. A.disturbance B.interruption C.trouble 8.This brand of outdoor gear is known for being and suitable for long hikes A.durable B.lasting C.permanent 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We need to buy some new kitchen (电器)，such as a dishwasher and an oven. 2.The (of the essay needs to be revised before submission. 3.Excessive exposure to harmful (辐射)can lead to serious health problems.. 4.The teacher asked us to (突出)the key points in the reading passage, 5.The company plans to_ (起草)a new policy to improve employee welfare. 6.Regular exercise can (刺激)blood circulation and boost metabolism. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The invention of the Internet has (transform)the way people work and communicate. 2.The street lights (illuminate)the road,making it safe for night pedestrians. 3.A large (quantity)of books was donated to the village school last month. 4.The new policy is expected to (stimulate)economic growth in the region. 6 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.The (durable)of this material makes it ideal for outdoor use. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.大量的雨水导致了这个地区的洪水。 A large rain caused floods in this area. 2.友谊的持久价值在于相互理解和支持。 The value of friendship lies in mutual understanding and support. 3.新技术使工厂能够自动检测产品质量。 New technology allows the factory to product quality 4.这位作家花了三个月时间起草这部小说的初稿。 The writer spent three of the novel. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 With the development of technology,many household(1) (appliance)have become smarter and more convenient.For example,the(2)(automatic)door in supermarkets can open when it detects a customer nearby,reducing the need for manual operation. Scientists have also made progress in environmental protection.Arecent study (3) (highlight) the importance of using renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions.Meanwhile,new materials with high (4)(durable)are being developed to replace plastic,which helps reduce pollution. In daily life,people often use a large(5)(quantity)of water and electricity.To save resources, we should learn to use energy-efficient devices and avoid unnecessary(6) (disturbance)to the environment. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.appliances 2.draft 3.radiation 4.highlight 5.draft 6.stimulate ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.transformed 2.illuminate 3.quantity 4.stimulate 5.durability 7 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit2】 Science Fiction二词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.完成句子 1.quantity of 2.lasting 3.detect automatically 4.drafting draft V.语篇填空 1.appliances 2.automatic 3.highlights 4.durability 5.quantity 6.disturbance 8