Unit 4 The Rise of Bioengineering一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（冀教版）

高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit4】The Rise of Bioengineering一 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 bacteria/bak'traria/n.细菌 convince /kan'vms/v.使信服：使ruin/'u:m/v.&n.毁坏；破坏 phenomenon /fs'nDmman/n.现确信 threaten/'retn/v.威胁；恐吓 象：杰出的人 urgent/'3dnt/adj.紧急的；紧collapse /k3leps/v.&n.崩溃；倒 species/'spi:i:z/n.物种：种 迫的 塌 massive/'mesv/adj.巨大的：非 maximum /'maeksimam/adj. 常严重的 多的：最大极限的 词义辨析及同义替换 1.convince/ken'vns/v.使信服：使确信 词义辨析： convince:侧重通过证据、逻辑或劝说使他人从思想上“信服”，常用搭配convince sb.of sth.或 convince sb.to do sth.. persuade:强调通过劝说使他人“采取行动”，常用搭配persuade sb.to do sth.。 同义替换： persuade,assure 例句： Scientists have convinced us of the urgency of protecting endangered species.(冀教版高中选修3同 步练习) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3单元检测） We need to the government to take more measures to reduce pollution. A.convince B.threaten C.uim(答案：A) 2.threaten/'Oretn/v.威胁：恐吓 词义辨析： threaten:指通过言语或行动“威胁、预示（坏事可能发生）”，主语可以是人或事物，如The storm threatens the village. 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 intimidate: 侧重通过恐吓使人“胆怯、退缩”，语气更强，主语通常是人。 同义替换： menace,intimidate 例句： Illegal hunting threatens the survival of this rare species.(冀教版高中选修3阅读材料) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3月考卷） The dark clouds a heavy rain,so we should hurry home. A.convince B.threaten C.collapse(答案：B) 3.uin/':m/v.&n.毁坏；破坏 词义辨析： u:强调逐渐“毁坏”，可指抽象事物（如希望、健康）或具体事物，也可作名词“废墟”。 destroy:侧重彻底“摧毁”，程度比uin更严重，通常无法修复。 同义替换： destroy,damage 例句： The massive earthquake ruined many historical buildings.(冀教版高中选修3单元练习) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3期末卷） Careless driving may both your life and others' A.ruin B.convince C.maximum (答案：A) 4.collapse /ka'laeps/v.&n.崩溃：倒塌 词义辨析： collapse:指物体“倒塌”或系统、组织“崩溃”，也可指人因疲劳等“晕倒”。 fal:泛指“落下、跌倒”，使用范围更广，程度较轻。 同义替换： fall down,break down 例句： The old bridge collapsed under the weight of the truck.(冀教版高中选修3听力材料) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3模拟卷） If we don't protect the ecosystem,it may sooner or later. A.collapse B.threaten C.urgent (答案：A) 5.massive/'mesv/adj.巨大的：非常严重的 词义辨析： massive:侧重体积、数量或程度“巨大的、大规模的”，如a massive rock huge:含义较广，可指具体尺寸或抽象概念“庞大的”，语气稍弱于massive。 2 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： huge,enormous 例句： The project requires massive investment in new technology.(冀教版高中选修3阅读拓展) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3周测卷） The company has made aprofit this year due to new products. A.massive B.urgent C.silent (答案：A) 6.urgent/'3:dnt/adj.紧急的：紧迫的 词义辨析： urgent:强调事情“急需处理的”，语气较强，常用搭配urgent matter pressing:与urgent近义，侧重“必须立即处理的”，更书面化。 同义替换： pressing,emergent 例句： It is urgent to find a solution to the problem of species extinction.(冀教版高中选修3环保主题短文) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3单元检测） The doctor said the patient's condition was so we called an ambulance at once. A.urgent】 B.humorous C.maximum (答案：A) 7.maximum/'maeksimam/adj.最多的：最大极限的 词义辨析： maximum: 指“最大的、最高的”，反义词为minimum,常用搭配maximum speed. largest:侧重数量或尺寸“最大的”，修饰具体事物。 同义替换： largest,greatest 例句： The maximum number of participants in the experiment is50.（冀教版高中选修3科学探究案例) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3课后练习） What's the temperature in your city during summer? A.maximum B.irgent C.massive(答案：A) 8.species/'spii:zln.物种；种 词义辨析： species:单复数同形，指生物分类中的“物种”，强调同类生物体。 kind:泛指“种类”，可指人或事物，使用范围更广。 同义替换： kind,type 3 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： Many species are in danger of extinction due to habitat loss.(冀教版高中选修3环保单元课文) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3期中卷） This nature reserve is home to over 200 of birds A.species B.bacteria C.phenomenon (答案：A) 9.phenomenon/f3'nDmm3n/n.现象；杰出的人 词义辨析： phenomenon:指自然界或社会中“可观察到的现象”，复数为phenomena:也可指“杰出人物”。 event:侧重“重要事件、活动”，如sports event。 同义替换： occurrence,phenomenon 例句： The Northern Lights is a natural phenomenon that attracts many tourists.(冀教版高中选修3地理知 识拓展) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3月考卷） The spread of AI technology is a socialworth studying A.phenomenon B.species C.bacteria (答案：A) l0.bacteria/bek'teria/n.细菌 词义辨析： bacteria::复数名词（单数为bacterium),指“细菌”，通常需与复数动词搭配。 gm:泛指“病菌、微生物”，口语中更常用。 同义替换： germs,microbes 例句： Some bacteria are helpful to human digestion.(冀教版高中选修3生物单元课文) 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3同步练习） Washing hands often can prevent the spread of harmful A.bacteria B.phenomenon C.species (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 4 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.The government needs to the public of the importance of environmental protection. A.convince B.threaten C.ruin 2.Heavy snowfall to block the mountain roads,so we had to cancel the trip A.convinced B.threatened C.collapsed 3.Years of drought have the farmland,leaving farmers with no harvest. A.ruined B.convinced C.collapsed 4.The old building after the explosion,causing several injuries. A.collapsed B.threatened C.ruined 5.The project requires a amount of money to buy new equipment A.massive B.urgent C.maximum 6.Itis to send the injured hiker to the hospital as soon as possible. A.urgent B.massive C.silent 7.The speed limit on this highway is 120 kilometers per hour. A.maximum B.urgent C.massive 8.This nature park is home to over 500 of plants and animals A.species B.bacteria C.phenomenon 9.The spread of online shopping is a social that changes people's lifestyles. A.phenomenon B.species C.bacteria 5 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 10.Washing hands regularly can reduce the risk of harmful entering the body. A.bacteria B.phenomenon C.species 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The scientists tried to c the government to fund their research on climate change. 2.The dark clouds t a storm,so we decided to stay indoors 3.The firer_ the entire forest,leaving only ashes behind. 4.The bridge cunder the weight of the overloaded truck. 5.The company made amprofit this year due to high demand for its products. 6.The doctor said the patient's condition was u,so we needed to act quickly. 7.Them number of students in this class is 45. 8.Many s are dying out because of habitat destruction 9.The Northern Lights is a natural p that occurs in polar regions. 10.Some b in the soil help plants absorb nutrients. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We need to (convince)the public that recycling is necessary for the environment. 2.The storm (threaten)to destroy the small village last night. 3.The long-term pollution has (ruin)the river's ecosystem. 4.The old tower (collapse)during the earthquake last year. 5.The project requires(massive)support from the local community. 6.It is (urgent)to solve the problem of water shortage in this area. 7.The (maximum)score in this exam is 100 points. 8.Over 100 (species)of birds live in this wetland reserve. 9.The spread of fake news is a social (phenomenon)worth studying. 6 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 10.Some (bacteria)are beneficial to human health. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.科学家们成功说服公众相信保护野生动物的紧迫性。 Scientists have successfully the public the urgency of protecting wild animals. 2.这座老房子在暴雨中倒塌了。 The old house during the heavy rain. 3.粗心驾驶可能会毁掉你和他人的生命。 Careless driving may_ both your life and others'. 4.这个自然保护区是超过300种鸟类的家园。 This nature reserve is home to over 300 of birds. 5.人工智能的发展是一个值得研究的社会现象。 The development of AI is a social worth studying. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Climate change is a global problem that(threaten)many ecosystems.Scientists have been trying to (convince)governments to take (urgent)action.For example,the (massive)loss of forests has ruined the habitats of countless (species).If we do not act now, some ecosystems may (collapse)soon.It is our responsibility to protect the planet for future generations. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B 3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.convince 2.threaten 3.ruined 4.collapsed 5.massive 6.urgent 7.maximum 8.species 9.phenomenon 10.bacteria ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.convince 2.threatened 3.ruined 4.collapsed 5.massive 6.urgent 7.maximum 8.species 9.phenomenon 10.bacteria > 高中选修3冀教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.完成句子 1.convinced,of 2.collapsed 3.ruin 4.species 5.phenomenon V.语篇填空 1.threatens 2.convince 3.urgent 4.massive 5.species 6.collapse P