Unit 3 Confucius and Today's Society二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（冀教版）

高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 选修3 Unit 3 Confucius and Today's Society 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 sizable/'saizabl/ad.相当大的 sustain/sa'stern/v.维持；遭受：统的 principle/'prinsapl/n.行为准则：承受住 substantial/sab'staen/adj.价值 道德原则 frequently /'fri:kwantli/adv.频巨大的；重大的 spiritual/'sprItfual/adj.精神的：繁地：经常 widespread /'wardspred/adj. 心灵的 restrict/rI'strikt//v.限制：限定；布广的：普遍的 starve /sta:v/v.(使)挨饿：饿束缚 remarkable /rI'ma:kabl/adj. 死 influential/.nflu'enl/adj.有很凡的；显著的 habitable/'"haebitabl/adj.适合居 大影响的 住的 classic/'klaesik/adj.经典的：传 词义辨析及同义替换 1.substantial/sb'staenf1/ad.价值巨大的：重大的 词义辨析： substantial: 侧重形容事物”价值大、数量多或意义重大”，强调本质上的”充实、扎实”。 sizable:仅指”体积或数量相当大的'，不涉及价值或重要性。 同义替换： considerable,significant 例句： The project received substantial support from the government 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3同步练习） The company made a_profit last year due to its new products A.sizable B.substantial C.widespread (答案：B) 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.widespread/waidspred/adj.分布广的：普遍的 词义辨析： widespread:强调范围上”广泛分布或普遍存在”，可用于描述现象、观点等。 common: 侧重”常见的、普通的”，强调频率高或大众化。 同义替换： prevailing,extensive 例句： There is widespread concern about environmental pollution. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3单元检测） Mobile payment has become_in our daily life A.remarkable B.widespread C.influential (答案：B) 3.influential/,mflu'enl/adj.有很大影响的 词义辨析： influential:侧重”对他人或事物有显著影响的”，常指人或观点。 powerful:强调”有强大力量或能力的'，可指人、机构或事物。 同义替换： impactful,authoritative 例句： Einstein was an influential scientist in the 20th century 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3期中测试） His_speech changed many people's attitudes towards the issue. A.influential B.classic C.spiritual (答案：A) 4.remarkable'ma:kabl/adj.非凡的：显著的 词义辨析： remarkable:指'因不寻常或出色而值得注意的”，强调独特性。 notable::侧重'值得关注的、显著的”，语气较温和。 同义替换： extraordinary,outstanding 例句： She has made remarkable progress in her studies this semester 2 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3期末复习题） The team achieved a_victory after months of hard training. A.remarkable B.substantial C.classic (答案：A) 5.classic/'klaesik/adj.经典的：传统的 词义辨析： classic:指”具有长期价值、公认优秀的'，或传统的、典型的'。 traditional:侧重”代代相传的、符合传统习惯的'。 同义替换： timeless,traditional 例句： "To Kill a Mockingbird"is a classic American novel 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读专项） This restaurant is famous for its_Italian dishes. A.classic B.spiritual C.widespread (答案：A) 6.spiritual/'spiritfual/adj.精神的；心灵的 词义辨析： spiritual:指”与精神、心灵相关的'，区别于物质层面。 mental::侧重与大脑、思维相关的”，如心理活动。 同义替换： soulful,inner 例句： Yoga is not just physical exercise but also a spiritual practice. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3词汇运用） Music has a effect on people's emotions. A.spiritual B.habitable C.frequent (答案：A) 7.sustain/sa'stem/v.维持：遭受；承受住 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： s1 stain:强调’长期维持或支撑”，或”经受住困难、压力”。 maintain:侧重”保持某种状态或水平”，如维护、维持秩序。 同义替换： support,endure 例句： The company struggled to sustain its growth in the competitive market. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3语法填空） The old bridge can't_the weight of heavy trucks. A.starve B.sustain C.restrict (答案：B) 8.restrict/rI'strikt/v.限制：限定；束缚 词义辨析： restrict:侧重”通过规则或条件限制范围、数量等”。 limit:指”设定界限或上限，不允许超过。 同义替换： confine,limit 例句： The government decided to restrict the use of plastic bags. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3完形填空） Parents should not their children's freedom too much A.restrict B.sustain C.starve (答案：A) 9.frequently/firi:kwantli/adv.频繁地；经常 词义辨析： frequently:强调'发生频率高”，较正式。 often:口语中常用，侧重”多次发生”，程度可强可弱。 同义替换： regularly,often 例句： She frequently visits her grandparents on weekends. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3听力理解） -How do you go to the library? 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 -Three times a week A.frequently B.remarkably C.substantially (答案：A) l0.principle/'prinsapl//n.行为准则：道德原则 词义辨析： principle:指基本信念、道德准则，抽象概念。 ule:侧重”具体的规则、规定”，如校规、法律条文。 同义替换： moral,tenet 例句： He always acts according to his principles 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解） Honesty is a basic-that everyone should follow A.principle B.habit C.starve (答案：A) 11.habitable/'haebitabl/adj.适合居住的 词义辨析： habitable:指”环境适合人类居住的”，强调生存条件。 livable:侧重”生活舒适、宜居的”，包含便利性等因素。 同义替换： inhabitable,livable 例句： Scientists are searching for habitable planets outside the solar system. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3科普阅读） The house was damaged in the storm and is no longer_ A.habitable B.spiritual C.classic (答案：A) l2.starve/stav/V.（使)挨饿；饿死 词义辨析： starve:指’因缺乏食物而挨饿”，可用于被动语态。 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 hunger: 侧重”感到饥饿”，不及物动词，常与for连用表”渴望”。 同义替换： famish,go hungry 例句： Many people starved during the war. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3完形填空） The homeless dog looked as if it hadfor days. A.starved B.restricted C.sustained (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new policy has received_support from both experts and the public A.substantial B.sizable C.widespread 2.Online shopping has become-among young people in recent years. A.influential B.widespread C.remarkable 3.Herwords inspired many students to pursue their dreams. A.spiritual B.classic C.influential 4.After years of research,the scientists made a_breakthrough in medical science. A.remarkable B.substantial C.classic 5.This restaurant is known for its_French cuisine passed down for generations. A.classic 6 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.spiritual C.habitable 6.The old building was damaged in the earthquake and is no longer_ A.habitable B.widespread C.influential 7.The company had to_its production due to a shortage of raw materials. A.sustain B.restrict C.starve 8.He visits his hometown to see his grandparents during holidays. A.frequently B.remarkably C.substantially 9.Honesty and kindness are important-that everyone should follow. A.rules B.principles C.habits 10.The athlete managed to-his energy until the final lap of the race. A.starve B.restrict C.sustain 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The project requires sfunding to cover all the research costs. 2.There is w concern about the spread of the new virus in the community. 3.Einstein was an iscientist whose theories changed physics forever. 4.The team'srperformance in the competition surprised everyone. 5.Many people find s comfort in practicing meditation 6.The government plans to r_the use of plastic products to protect the environment. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 > 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.The company has made_(substantial)progress in developing new technology this year. 2.Mobile payment is_(widespread)used in daily life across the country. 3.Her_(influence)speech encouraged thousands of young people to join the volunteer program. 4.This novel is considered a_(classic)work of American literature 5.The old bridge can no longer_(sustain)the weight of modern vehicles. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这个项目得到了政府的大力支持。 The project received_from the government. 2.智能手机的使用在老年人中变得越来越普遍。 The use of smartphones is becoming--among the elderly. 3.他的理论对后世的科学家产生了深远影响。 His theory had an on scientists of later generations. 4.经过艰苦的训练，她在比赛中取得了惊人的成绩。 After hard training,she achievedin the competition. 5.公司不得不限制开支以应对经济危机。 The company had to_-to deal with the economic crisis. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists have long searched for planets outside our solar system that could support life.Recently, they discovered a potentially (1)(habitable/classic)planet located in the"Goldilocks zone"of its star.This planet has a(2)_(substantial/sizable)size similar to Earth and may have liquid water,a key factor for life. The discovery has caused (3)_(widespread/influential)excitement in the scientific community.Dr. Maria Chen,an (4)_(influential/remarkable)astronomer,calledit a"(5)_(remarkable/substantial) step forward."She explained that the planet's atmosphere could(6)(sustain/restrict)life,but fur- ther research is needed to confirm. 参考答案 P 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3.C4.A5.A6.A7B8.A9B10.C Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.substantial 2.widespread 3.influential 4.remarkable 5.spiritual 6.restrict I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.substantial 2.widely 3.influential 4.classic 5.sustain V.完成句子 1.substantial support 2.more widespread 3.influential effect 4.remarkable results 5.restrict expenses V.语篇填空 1habitable 2.sizable 3.widespread 4.influential 5.remarkable 6.sustain 9