Unit 5 Geography二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（冀教版）

高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 地理专题 【Unit5】Geography二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 nutrition /nju'trn/n.营养；滋单一种植；单一经营 法律 养 heritage/"hertd3/n.遗产；传统resolution /rez3'lu:jn/n.决议： gain/gem/V.获得；赢得n.收ecosystem/'i:kausIstom/n.生态决心 益；增益 系统 debate/d'bet/v.&n.辩论；争论 dam/daem/n.水坝；拦河坝v.biodiversity/baraudar'v3 sati/n. vote/vaut/V.投票；表决n.选 筑坝拦水 生物多样性 票：投票 staple/'sterpl/adj.主要的n.主irrigation/,rr'gen/n.灌溉 legal/Ii:gl/ad.法律的；合法的 食：必需品 pesticide/pestisaid/n.杀虫剂：negotiate /nr'gaufieit/v.谈判；协 facility /fa'silati/n.设施：设备农药 商 (复数形式) desertification/d,Z3:tfi'keIn/n.ninister/'minista(r)/n.部长；大 facilitate/fa'silitert/v.促进：使荒漠化：沙漠化 臣：牧师 便利 erosion'TaU3/n.侵蚀：腐蚀 monoculture/'mDnakAlt∫(r)/n.legislation/,led3Is'len/n.立法： 词义辨析及同义替换 1.facility /fa'silati/n.设施：设备（复数形式） 词义辨析： facility:通常指“公共设施、设备”，多用复数形式facilities,侧重为特定目的提供的便利条件 或场所，如交通设施、娱乐设施等。 equipment:指“机械设备、器材”，不可数名词，侧重用于生产、工作等的工具或装置。 同义替换： equipment,amenity 例句： The school has excellent sports facilities,including a swimming pool and a gym. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2同步练习） The new hospital is equipped with modern to provide better medical services. 高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.facilities B.facility C.equipment (答案：A) 2.legal/'Ii:gadj.法律的；合法的 词义辨析： legal:指“与法律相关的、合法的”，强调符合法律规定，反义词是illegal。 lawful:侧重“合乎法律的、法定的”，语气较正式，强调行为符合法律条文。 同义替换： lawful,legitimate 例句： It is legal to drive a car after passing the driving test 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2单元检测） Smoking in public places is not in many countries. A.legal B.illegal C.law (答案：A) 3.debate/d'bet/v.&n.辩论：争论 词义辨析： debate:指“正式的辩论、讨论”，常涉及不同观点的交锋，既可作动词也可作名词。 argue:侧重“争论、争辩”，强调因意见不合而发生口角或论证，动词。 同义替换： argue,discuss,dispute 例句： The students debated whether online learning is better than traditional learning 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2期末复习题) The two parties for hours about the new policy,but didn't reach an agreement A.debated B.argued C.talked(答案：A) 4.vote/vaut/v.投票；表决n.选票；投票 词义辨析： Vot:作动词时指“投票选举、表决”；作名词时指“选票、投票权”，强调通过投票表达意见。 elect:仅作动词，指“选举、推选”，宾语通常是被选举的人或职位。 同义替换： ballot,cast a vote 例句： All citizens have the right to vote in the election. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2同步练习） We will on the proposal at the meeting tomorrow. A.vote B.elect C.choose (答案：A) 2 高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.negotiate/r'gaofiert/v.谈判：协商 词义辨析： negotiate:指“通过讨论达成协议或解决争端”，常涉及双方或多方的交涉，后可接介词with/about。 bargaina:侧重“讨价还价”，指在交易中就价格等进行协商。 同义替换： discuss,consult,mediate 例句： The two countries are negotiating a trade agreement. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2单元检测） The company is with the workers about the working conditions. A.negotiating B.bargaining C.talking(答案：A) 6.heritage/'herItid3/n.遗产；传统 词义辨析： heritage:指“文化遗产、传统遗产”，包括物质和非物质文化，强调代代相传的宝贵财富。 legacy:侧重“遗产、遗留问题”，可指物质遗产，也可指精神、影响等非物质的遗留。 同义替换： legacy,tradition 例句： The ancient temple is an important cultural heritage of our country. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2阅读拓展） Protecting cultural is important for passing down history and traditions. A.heritage B.legacy C.tradition (答案：A) 7.ecosystem/':kausistam/n.生态系统 词义辨析： ecosystem:指“生态系统”，由生物群落及其生存环境共同组成的统一整体。 environment:泛指“环境”，包括自然环境和社会环境，范围更广。 同义替换： ecological system 例句： The balance of the ecosystem is easily destroyed by human activities. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2环保主题阅读） The Amazon rainforest has a complex with millions of species A.ecosystem B.environment C.nature (答案：A) 8.biodiversity/bareudar'v3sati/n.生物多样性 高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： biodiversity:指“生物多样性”，强调地球上生物种类的丰富程度和变异性。 variety:指“多样性、种类”，范围较广，可指任何事物的多样化。 同义替换： biological diversity 例句： Protecting biodiversity is crucial for maintaining ecological balance. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2单元练习） The loss of will lead to the disappearance of many species. A.biodiversity B.variety C.biology (答案：A) 9.irrigation/,Irr'gen/n.灌溉 词义辨析： irrigation:指“灌溉”，通过人工方式为农田等供水的过程。 watering:泛指“浇水”，可用于植物、农田等，较口语化，范围更广。 同义替换： watering,irigation system 例句： The farmers built a new irrigation system to improve crop production 真题链接： (冀教版高中选修2农业主题阅读) In dry areas, is necessary for growing crops. A.irrigation B.watering C.rain (答案：A) 10.erosion/'raU3n/n.侵蚀；腐蚀 词义辨析： erosion:指“（水、风等对土地的）侵蚀”或“（金属等的）腐蚀”，强调自然或化学作用造成的 逐渐损耗。 corrosion: 专指“腐蚀”，尤指金属因化学作用而损坏。 同义替换： corrosion,wearing away 例句： Soil erosion is a serious problem in mountainous areas 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2地理相关练习） The statue has been damaged by over the years. A.erosion B.corrosion C.destruction (答案：A) 11.legislation/led3Is'leIn/n.立法：法律 4 高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： legislation:指“立法（过程）”或“法律、法规”的总称，不可数名词。 law:指“法律、法规”，可数名词，可指具体的法律条文。 同义替换： law,statute 例句： New legislation has been passed to protect the environment 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2政治主题阅读） The government is working onto control air pollution. A.legislation B.law C.rule (答案：A) 12.resolution/rez3'lu:n/n.决议；决心 词义辨析： resolution:作“决议”时，指会议等通过的正式决定；作“决心”时，指坚定的意志。 decision:泛指“决定”，指经过思考或讨论后做出的选择。 同义替换： decision,determination 例句： The committee passed a resolution to support the project 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2同步练习） He made a to study harder next semester. A.resolution B.decision C.idea(答案：A) l3.gain/gen/v.获得：赢得n.收益：增益 词义辨析： gain:指“通过努力获得、赢得（优势、利益等）”，也可指“增加、增进”。 obtain:较正式，指“获得、取得”，强调通过努力或请求而得到。 同义替换： obtain,acquire,win 例句： She gained a lot of experience from the job. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2单元检测） We need to more knowledge to solve this problem. A.gain B.obtain C.get(答案：A) l4.staple/'sterpl/ad.主要的n.主食；必需品 词义辨析： staple(adj.):指“主要的、基本的”，强调某物是核心或重要组成部分。 高中选修2冀教版 【Umit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 main: 指“主要的、最重要的”，侧重在众多事物中居首要地位。 staple(n.):指“主食、必需品”，如大米、面粉等。 同义替换： (adj.)-main,primary;(n.)-basic food,necessity 例句： Rice is the staple food in many Asian countries. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修2文化主题阅读） Wheat is a crop in northern China. A.staple B.main C.important (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The local government is building new sports for the upcoming city games. A.facilities B.equipment C.amenity 2.It is not to park your car here without a permit. A.legal B.lawful C.illegal 3.The students will the topic of online education in tomorrow's class meeting. A.debate B.argue C.discuss 4.All members have the right to on the new club rules. A.vote B.elect C.choose 5.The two companies are a partnership agreement to expand their business. A.negotiating B.bargaining C.talking 6 高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 6.Protecting cultural is essential for preserving our history and traditions. A.heritage B.legacy C.tradition 7.The coral reef is home to a diverse of marine life. A.ecosystem B.environment C.nature 8.The destruction of rainforests leads to a loss of A.biodiversity B.variety C.biology 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The new factory is equipped with advanced (设备) 2.Smoking is()in this area,but you must keep a distance from children. 3.The committee will hold a (on whether to increase the budget for education. 4.She cast her (for the candidate she believed in. 5.The two sides finally reached an agreement after three days of_ (谈判). 6.The ancient paintings are part of our national(). 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Farmers rely on modern(irrigate)systems to water their crops. 2.Soil (erode)is a serious problem in areas with heavy rainfall. 3.The government plans to pass new(legislate)to protect endangered species. 4.He made a(resolve)to exercise regularly and improve his health 5.We need to (gain)more support from the public to make the project successful 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.Wheat and rice are the _(主食)in many Asian countries.. 1 高中选修2冀教版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.The loss of (生物多样性)has a negative impact on ecological balance. 3.The company is working on a new (灌溉)system to save water 4.They (in favor of the proposal at the meeting yesterday. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The national park is famous for its rich (1.biodiverse/biodiversity)and unique (2. ecosystem/environment).Local authorities have passed strict(3.legislation/law)to protect it.Visitors are required to follow the rules,such as not picking plants or leaving trash.Rangers often (4.debate/argue)with tourists who break these rules,but their main goal is to educate rather than punish.Last year,the park built new (5.facilities/equipment)for environmental education,including a museum and a nature trail.It also started a program to prevent soil (6. erosion/corrosion)by planting more trees. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.equipment 2.legal 3.debate 4.vote 5.negotiation 6heritage I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.irrigation 2.erosion 3.legislation 4.resolution 5.gain V.完成句子 1.staple foods 2.biodiversity 3.irrigation 4.voted V.语篇填空 1.biodiversity 2.ecosystem 3.legislation 4.debate 5.facilities 6.erosion 8