Unit 4 The Rise of Bioengineering二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（冀教版）

高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The Rise of Bioengineering 选修3 【Unit4】The Rise of Bioengineering二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 innovation/,ma'ven/n.创造；地基；根据 durable/'djuarabl/adj.耐用的： 创新 suspect/s3'spekt/v.怀疑：感觉持久的 prior'praI(r)/adj.先前的：在有问题 polish /'pplif v.擦光；磨光 前的 estimate/'estimeit/v.估计；估garbage/'ga:bd3/n.(生活)垃 practical/'praektik/adj.有用的；价：估算 圾 实际的 mainstream /'meinstri:m/n. foundation /faon'den/n.基础：流思想：主流群体 词义辨析及同义替换 1. innovation/ma'ver [n//n.创造：创新 词义辨析： innovation: 侧重指“引入新事物、新概念或新方法”，强调从无到有的创造过程，尤指科技、制 度等领域的革新。 invention:指“发明（具体的新事物、装置等）”，侧重通过技术手段创造出以前不存在的东西。 同义替换： invention,originality 例句： The company is known for its continuous innovation in smartphone technology. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3同步练习） The development of AI is a greatin the field of computer science. A.innovation B.foundation.garbage（答案：A) 2.prior/'prara()r/ad.先前的：在前的 词义辨析： prior:强调时间或顺序上“先于…的”，常用搭配prior to(在…之前)，正式用语。 previous:指“先前的、以往的”，可用于修饰时间、事件、经验等，口语和书面语均可。 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The Rise of Bioengineering- 同义替换： previous,former 例句： Prior to the meeting,we need to collect all the relevant data 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3单元测试） She had no_experience of working in a factory before she got this job. A.prior B.practical C.durable(答案：A) 3.practical/'praektikl/adj.有用的；实际的 词义辨析： practical:侧重“实用的、切实可行的”，强调能解决实际问题，而非理论上的。 usfl:含义更广，泛指“有用的”，可用于任何能提供帮助的人或事物。 同义替换： useful,functional 例句： This tool is very practical for repairing small electronic devices. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3期末复习题） We need a more-approach to solve the environmental problem A.humorous B.practical C.silent (答案：B) 4.foundation /faon'deum/n.基础：地基：根据 词义辨析： foundation:指“基础、根基”，可指具体的“地基”，也可指抽象的“理论、信仰等的基础”，强 调支撑作用。 base: 侧重“底部、底座”，或“活动、operations的基地”，具体意义较强。 同义替换： basis,groundwork 例句： Hard work is the foundation of success. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读填空） The_of the building was built to withstand earthquakes. A.foundation B.mainstream C.polish(答案：A) 5.suspect/s3'spekt/v.怀疑；感觉有问题 词义辨析： suspect:指“怀疑（某事可能是真的或某人有过错)”，语气较委婉，常接that从句或of sth。 doubt:指“怀疑（某事的真实性或可行性）”，侧重不相信，常接whether/if从句或that从句（用 于否定句)。 2 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The Rise of Bioengineering- 同义替换： doubt,mistrust 例句： The police suspect that he was involved in the theft. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解） She began to that her friend was hiding something from her. A.suspect B.estimate C.polish (答案：A) 6.estimate/'estimeit//v.估计：估价；估算 词义辨析： estimate:指根据已有信息“大致估计（数量、成本、时间等）”，结果可能不精确。 evaluate: 侧重“评价、评估（价值、能力、效果等）”，强调判断和分析。 同义替换： assess,calculate roughly 例句： The engineer estimated that the project would take three months to complete 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3单元测试） Can you_how much money we will need for the trip? A.estimate B.suspect C.garbage (答案：A) 7.mainstream/memstri:m/n.主流思想：主流群体 词义辨析： mainstream:指“社会、文化等的主流”，即被大多数人接受或遵循的思想、趋势。 trend:指“流行趋势、时尚”，侧重短期内的变化和潮流。 同义替换： prevailing trend,dominant current 例句： His ideas eventually became part of the mainstream in academic circles. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解） The film reflects the values of thesociety. A.mainstream B.foundation C.prior(答案：A) 8.durable/djvarabl/adj.耐用的；持久的 词义辨析： durable:侧重“耐用的、持久的”，指物品经得起长时间使用或环境考验。 lasting:指“持续的、长久的”，可用于形容记忆、影响、友谊等抽象事物。 同义替换： long-lasting,sturdy 3 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The Rise of Bioengineering 例句： These shoes are made of durable material and can be worn for years. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3同步练习） We need to choose a more fabric for the sofa. A.durable B.practical C.humorous （答案：A) 9.polish/'pDlv.擦光：磨光 词义辨析： polish:指“擦亮、抛光（表面使其光滑有光泽）”，也可比喻“润色（文章、讲话等）”。 shine:侧重“使发光、发亮”，可指自然发光或通过擦拭使物体表面反光。 同义替换： shine,refine 例句： He spent an hour polishing his shoes before the interview. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3词汇运用） You shouldthe silverware before setting the table. A.polish B.estimate C.suspect(答案：A) 10.garbage/ga:bd3/n.(生活)垃圾 词义辨析： garbage:(美式英语)泛指“生活垃圾”，不可数名词。 ubbish:(英式英语)与garbage同义，指“垃圾、废弃物”。 litter:指“公共场所散落的垃圾”，也可作动词“乱扔垃圾”。 同义替换： rubbish,trash 例句： Please put the garbage in the bin outside. 真题链接：（冀教版高中选修3阅读理解） The city has implemented a new system for collecting_ A.garbage B.innovation C.mainstream (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 4 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The rise of Bioengineering 1.The development of 5G technology is considered a major in the field of telecommunications. A.innovation B.invention C.garbage 2.You must submit your application formto the deadline,otherwise it will not be accepted. A.previous B.prior C.later 3.This new software provides a_solution for managing large amounts of data efficiently. A.practical B.theoretical C.silent 4.The_of the ancient temple was reinforced to prevent damage from earthquakes. A.base B.foundation C.ground 5.The police that the suspect might have fled to another city. A.doubt B.suspect C.estimate 6.Can you the total cost of repairing the roof? A.calculate roughly B.evaluate C.polish 7.Her artwork gradually gained acceptance and became part of the cultural- A.trend B.mainstream C.foundation 8.This brand of outdoor gear is known for its materials that resist wear and tear. A.lasting B.durable C.useful 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The company's success is built on the f_of hard work and customer trust. 5 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The Rise of Bioengineering 2.Pto the experiment,we need to prepare all the necessary chemicals. 3.This book offers padvice on how to manage personal finances effectively. 4.The detective began to s that the witness was hiding important information. 5.After the storm,workers spent hours cleaning up the g_on the streets. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The team needs a more_(practice)plan to improve their performance. 2.She has no(prior)experience in teaching,but she learns quickly. 3.The engineer(estimate)that the bridge construction will take two years. 4.The(found)of the university dates back to the 19th century. 5.Please(polish)the report before submitting it to the manager 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.努力工作是成功的基础。 Hard work is thesuccess. 2.在做出决定前，我们需要收集更多实用的信息。 We need to collect moreinformation making a decision. 3.警方怀疑这名男子与上周的盗窃案有关。 The police that the man was the theft last week. 4.这种新型材料比传统材料更耐用。 This new material isthan the traditional one. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 6 高中选修3冀教版 【Unit4】 The Rise of Bioengineering In today's rapidly changing world,technological (1)(innovation/invention)plays a key role.For example,AI has become part of the(2)(mainstream/trend)in many industries.Its development is based on the(3)(foundation/base)of computer science and data analysis. Engineers often need to (4)(estimate/evaluate)the cost and time required for projects.They rely on (5)(practical/useful)tools to solve complex problems.For instance,a(6)-(durable/lasting) software system can handle large data sets efficiently. Before launching anew product,companiesmust ensure its(7)_(foundation/base)is strong.This in- cludes testing materials for(8)(durability/last)and collecting user feedback to (9)(polish/shine) the design. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3.A4B5.B6.A7.B8.B Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.foundation 2.Prior 3.practical 4.suspect 5.garbage I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.practical 2.prior 3.estimated 4.foundation 5.polish V.完成句子 1.foundation of 2.practical:prior to 3.suspect:involved in 4.more durable V.语篇填空 1.innovation 2.mainstream 3.foundation 4.estimate 5.practical 6.durable 7.founda tion 8.durability 9.polish 7