内容正文:
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
Unit 4
【Unit4】Future Living A部分
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
口dome/dm/m.穹顶:圆屋顶口chore /tf2:(r)h.日常家务;例
绕(处于某物的四周):n.周围
(建筑物顶部的弧形结构)
行琐事(如打扫、洗衣等必须做的事物:环境
proof /pru:f/adj.防…的(构的事)
口lush /IAMadj.(植物)茂盛的:
成复合词,如waterproof);n.☐crossword/'krpsw3:dn.纵横茂密的(生长旺盛、枝叶繁茂)
证据:证明(支持或反对某事物填字游戏(在方格中根据提示口shrub/b/m.灌木;灌木丛
的事实)
填写单词的智力游戏)
(低矮、多茎的木本植物)
0
solar-powered
/'saula button /'bAtn/n.(机器、衣物口flit /flit/v.轻快地移动;掠过
'pavad/adj..以太阳能为动力的的)按钮:纽扣:v.按;扣住(快速、轻盈地从一处到另一处)
(利用太阳光发电或供能)
口filter/'flta()/w.过滤(通过口roof-top/u:ftpp/h.屋J顶;天
dust /dAst/w.擦去…的灰尘特殊装置去除杂质):n.过滤器台(建筑物的顶部表面)
(用布等清理表面灰尘):n.灰(过滤用的设备)
constant/"kDnstant/adj.持续的;
尘:尘土(细小的干燥粉末状物口scent/sent/w.使带有香味;n.不变的(始终保持同一状态,不
质)
气味:香味(尤指淡淡的香气)改变)
iron/'aian/v.(用熨斗)熨、烫口perfume'p3fju:m/m.香水;口loft /Ipft/n.阁楼;顶楼(房屋
(使衣物平整);n.熨斗(烫平芳香(用于身体或环境的芳香屋顶下的空间,可用于储物或
衣物的工具):铁(金属元素)液体)
改造为房间)
energy/'enad3in.能源;能量entrance/'entrans/n.入口;大门roof /ru:f/n.屋顶;J顶部(建筑
(驱动机器、提供动力的来源):(进入建筑物、场所的通道):V.物、车辆等的覆盖部分)
精力(身体或精神上的活力)
使着迷:使陶醉
☐border/b:da(r/n.边界:边
口ring四/h.(BrE)炉口;灶adventure /ad'vent(r)n.冒险缘(事物的边缘部分):国界;v.
盘(灶具上用于加热的圆形平经历;奇遇(刺激、不寻常的旅与…接壤
板)
程或经历)
口lawm1on/m.草坪;草地(精
ski/ski:v.滑雪(在雪面上借助口simulator/'smmjuleita(r)m.模心修剪的短草地,用于观赏或
滑雪板滑行):n.滑雪板
拟器(模拟真实场景或操作的活动)
口nestle'nesl/w.坐落于(安全设备,用于训练)
normally/'no:mali/adv.通常;正
隐蔽之处);舒适地依偎(在温surfing/'s3fm.冲浪运动(站常情况下(一般的、常规的状
暖或柔软的地方)
在冲浪板上借助海浪滑行的运态)
fancy/'faensi/v.(BrE,非正式)动)
forwards/'f.wadz/adv.向前:
想要:想做(表达意愿);adj.口loathe/la/v.厌恶:憎恶(非朝前(朝前方的方向)
精致的:花哨的
常讨厌某人或某事)
integrated/'intigrertd/adj.综合
solar panel/'saula 'paenl/n.太阳automatically/.3:ta'maetikli/adv.的;一体化的(各部分密切结
能电池板(将太阳光转化为电自动地(无需人工操作即可运合、协调运作)
能或热能的设备)
行)
☐laundry'lo:ndri/n.洗衣房:
space-age/'spers eid/adj.太口wardrobe/w:drab/m.衣柜;待洗衣物(需要清洗的衣物集
空时代的:技术先进的(样式或衣橱(存放衣物的大型家具)合)
技术极具现代感)
口catch /kaetf/v.察觉;注意到口easy-care/,i:zi'kea(r)/adj.免
口butler/bAtl()m.管家(大户(发现不易察觉的细节);抓住;烫的:易打理的(衣物洗涤后无
人家中负责管理家务、招待客接住
需熨烫即可保持平整)
人的主仆)
lecturer'lektfara()/n.讲师(大fabric/faebrik/h.织物;布料(用
口oversee/,Uv3'si:v.监督;监学或学院中负责授课的教师)于制作衣物、窗帘等的材料)
管(确保工作正确、有序进行)polar bear/'paula bea()m.北极口socket/'sDkt/h.插座;插孔
security/sI'kjvarati/n.安全防护;熊(生活在北极地区的大型熊(墙上或设备上用于连接电器的
安保措施(保护人、建筑或信息类,适应寒冷境)
装置)
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
词义辨析及同义替换
1.
energy/'enad3in.能源;能量:精力
词义辨析:
nergy:泛指“能源”(如电能、太阳能)或“身体/精神上的活力”,使用范围最广。
power:侧重“动力、电力”或“权力”,如electric power(电力):也可指人或机器的能力。
strength:强调“体力、力量”,尤指身体的力量或物体的强度。
同义替换:
power,vitality,strength
例句:
Solar panels convert sunlight into energy.(太阳能电池板将阳光转化为能源。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习)
We need to saveby turning off lights when leaving a room.
A.power
B.energy
C.strength
(答案:B)
2.security/sI'kjvarati/n.安全防护:安保措施:安全感
词义辨析:
security:指“保护人、建筑或信息的具体措施”(如安保系统、防护行动),也可指抽象的“安
全感”。
safety:侧重“无危险的状态”,强调避免伤害或事故,如road safety(道路安全)。
同义替换:
safety,protection,safeguard
例句:
The building has strict security checks at the entrance.(该建筑入口处有严格的安全检查。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试)
For children,a stable family environment provides a sense of_
A.security
B.safety
C.danger
(答案:A)
3.servant/'s3vant/n.仆人;佣人
词义辨析:
servant:泛指“为他人提供家务、餐饮等服务的人”,地位较普通,可用于任何雇佣关系。
butler:特指“管家”,是大户人家中负责管理家务、招待客人的主仆,地位高于普通仆人。
3
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
同义替换:
maid,domestic worker
例句:
In the past,large houses often had many servants to handle daily chores.(过去,大房子通常有许多
仆人处理日常家务。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册阅读拓展)
The_oversaw the kitchen staff and managed the family's schedule.
A.servant
B.butler
C.duster
(答案:B)
4.automatically/:ta'maetikli/adv.自动地
词义辨析:
automatically::强调“无需人工操作,由机器或系统自行运行”,如自动门、自动设备。
mechanically:侧重“机械地、刻板地”,指动作缺乏灵活性,如机械重复指令。
同义替换:
self-acting,automatically
例句:
The lights turn on automatically when someone enters the room.(有人进入房间时,k灯自动亮起。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册语法填空)
The washing machine can-adjust the water temperature.
A.automatically
B.normally
C.forwards
(答案:A)
5.roof /ru:f/n.屋顶:顶部
词义辨析:
roof:泛指“建筑物、车辆等的顶部覆盖部分”,如house roof(屋顶)、car roof(车J顶)。
roof-top:特指“屋顶表面、天台”,强调屋顶的平面区域,如roof-top garden(屋顶花园)。
lo:指“屋顶下的阁楼、顶楼”,是屋顶内部的空间,常作储物或居住用。
同义替换:
top,rooftop
例句:
The cat is sitting on the roof of the house.(猫正坐在house的屋J顶上。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册词汇练习)
We planted flowers on the_to make the building more beautiful.
A.roof
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
B.roof-top
C.loft
(答案:B)
6.attach/atet∫w.连接;附着:附加
词义辨析:
attach:指“将某物固定在另一物上”,强调“连接并保持固定”,如attach a document(附加文
件)。
connect:侧重“通过媒介(如电线、网络)连接”,可指物理或抽象的联系,如connect two cities
(连接两座城市)。
同义替换:
fasten,link,join
例句:
Please attach the photo to your application form.(请将照片附在申请表上。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册写作指导)
You can the file to the email and send it to me.
A.attach
B.connect
C.filter
(答案:A)
7.electrical/'lektrikl/adj.电的:与电相关的
词义辨析:
electrical:
指“涉及电能或电器设备的”,侧重“与电相关的属性”,如electrical appliances(电
器)。
electric:强调“由电驱动的、带电的”,如electric car(电动车)、electric shock(电击)。
同义替换:
electric,power-related
例句:
We need to check the electrical system before using the new equipment.(使用新设备前,我们需要
检查电气系统。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试)
Lengineers are responsible for designing power grids.
A.Electric
B.Electrical
C.Solar-powered
(答案:B)
8.appliance /a'plarans/n.家用电器:器具
5
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
词义辨析:
appliance:特指“家用电器”(如冰箱、洗衣机等大型设备),是正式用词。
gagt:指“小型实用器具、小装置”(如手机支架、咖啡机等),通常体积小、功能单一。
同义替换:
device,equipment,gadget
例句:
Modern homes are filled with electrical appliances that save time.(现代家庭充满了省时的家用电
器。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解)
The new kitchen has smart_like a voice-controlled oven.
A.appliances
B.gadgets
C.sockets
(答案:A)
9.fancy/faensi/v..想要;想做&adj.精致的:花哨的
词义辨析:
fancy作动词:(BrE,非正式)表示“想要、想做”,语气较委婉,如I fancy a cup of tea.(我想
喝杯茶。)
want:普通用词,直接表示“想要”,语气更强烈,如I want to go home.(我想回家。)
fancy作形容词:指“精致的、花哨的”(装饰或设计复杂),如fancy clothes(花哨的衣服)。
同义替换:
want,desire(动词);decorative,elaborate(形容词)
例句:
Do you fancy going to the cinema tonight?(你今晚想去看电影吗?)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册口语练习)
-What do you for dinner?
-I'd like some noodles.
A.fancy
B.want
C.loathe
(答案:A)
l0.proof /pru:f/adj.防…的&n.证据:证明
词义辨析:
proof作形容词:构成复合词,表示“防…的”,如waterproof(防水的)、fireproof(防火的)。
proof作名词:指“支持或反对某事物的事实证据”,如scientific proof(科学证据)。
evidence:与proof同义,但更侧重“间接证据”,如There is evidence of his guilt..(有证据表明
他有罪。)
6
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
同义替换:
evidence,confirmation(名词):resistant(形容词,如water-resistant)
例句:
This jacket is rainproof,so you won't get wet in the rain.(这件夹克是防雨的,下雨时你不会淋湿。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册词汇填空)
The police found_that he was at the crime scene.
A.proof
B.evidence
C.security
(答案:A)
11.lighting/'1at如m.照明;灯光
词义辨析:
lighting:指“场所的光线布置或照明设备”(如室内灯光设计、舞台灯光),是不可数名词
light:泛指“光、光线”(如阳光、灯光),可作可数或不可数名词,如a bright light(一盏明亮
的灯)。
同义替换:
illumination,lights
例句:
The restaurant has soft lighting to create a cozy atmosphere..(这家餐厅有柔和的灯光,营造出舒适
的氛围。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试)
Thein the library is designed to protect readers'eyes.
A.lighting
B.light
C.electricity
(答案:A)
12.chore/tf:r)m.日常家务;例行琐事
词义辨析:
chore:指“日常家务或必须做的琐事”,常带有重复性、乏味感,如household chores(家务活)。
task:泛指“任务、工作”,可指任何需要完成的事项,不限于家务。
同义替换:
task,duty,job
例句:
Doing laundry is one of my least favorite chores.(洗衣服是我最不喜欢的家务之一。)
真题链接:(沪外版高中选择性必修第一册阅读拓展)
Smart homes help reduce daily like cleaning and cooking
A.chores
7
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【nit4】
Future Living A部分
B.tasks
C.adventures
(答案:A)
综合演练
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.Solar panels are used to convert sunlight into-for homes and businesses.
A.energy
B.power
C.strength
2.The new smart door lock has advancedfeatures to prevent unauthorized entry.
A.security
B.safety
C.danger
3.In the movie,the wealthy family's managed the household staff and special events
A.servant
B.butler
C.maid
4.The air conditioning system will turn off when the room reaches the set temperature
A.automatically
B.mechanically
C.normally
5.The engineer is checking the-system to ensure all devices work properly.
A.electric
B.electrical
C.solar-powered
6.My mother bought a new kitchen-a large refrigerator with a water dispenser.
A.appliance
B.gadget
C.socket
7.The cat climbed onto theand watched the birds in the tree.
A.roof
P
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【Unit4】
Future Living A部分
B.roof-top
C.loft
8.Please your ID card to the application form before submitting it.
A.attach
B.connect
C.filter
9.workers are installing wiring for the new lighting system in the building.
A.Electric
B.Electrical
C.Power-related
10.The hotel'slighting creates a warm and comfortable environment for guests
A.lighting
B.light
C.electricity
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.We should save _(by using energy-efficient appliances at home.
2.The school has strict_()measures to protect students and teachers.
3.In the past,many wealthy families hired a()to manage their households.
4.The doors of the supermarket open_(自动地)when customers approach,
5.The rain was so heavy that water leaked through the()of the old house
6.Please()your resume to the email before sending it to the company.
7.My aunt bought a new_(家用电器)一a washing machine that can dry clothes.
8.The(in the library is designed to be soft to protect readers'eyes.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The machine can_(automatic)adjust its speed according to the workload.
2.It's important to check the(electric)equipment regularly to avoid accidents.
3.My grandmother used to have a_(serve)who helped with cooking and cleaning.
4.The new building has a_(proof)roof that can withstand strong winds.
9
高中选择性必修第一册沪外版
【Unit4】
Future Living A部分
5.This smartphone has a(fancy)design with a curved screen and gold edges
6.The company provides-(secure)training for all employees to ensure workplace safety.
7.The(light)in the room is too bright;please turn off some lamps.
8.He(fancy)a cup of coffee after working for three hours in the office.
四、完成句子
1.Solar panels convert sunlight into()for daily use.
2.The building has strict_(安全检查)at the entrance to ensure safety.
3.Please()the photo to your application form before submission.
4.The lights in the corridor_(自动亮起)when someone walks by.
5.The old house has a large_(屋J顶花园)where people can grow flowers.
6.Electrical_(工程师)are responsible for designing power systems.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
Smart homes are becoming more popular today.They use various technologies to make life easier
and more efficient.For example,the lighting system can turn on 1-(automatic)when people enter a
room,and turn off when no one is there.This helps save 2(energy).The security system includes
cameras and smart locks,providing a sense of 3_(secure)for families.
In the kitchen,smart 4_(appliance)like refrigerators and ovens can be controlled by phones.A
5_(butler)is no longer needed because these devices can manage tasks such as ordering food or
setting cooking times.The roof of the smart home may have solar panels,which convert sun-
light into 6(electric)power.Even the windows can close 7(automatic)when it rains,thanks
to 8(electrical)sensors.
Living in a smart home means less time spent on daily 9(chore)and more time for relaxation.
It's clear that technology is changing the way we live,making homes more comfortable and
10_(efficiency).
参考答案
10