Unit 3 Mind and body二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 精讲专版 【Unit3】Mind and body二 词义辨析及综合训练 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 swing/sw/n.改变；改变的程 shadow/faedau/n.阴影；影子engage/m'ged3/v.从事；参加： 度：v.(派对等)热闹：令人开profession /pr3fen/n.行业：职吸引（注意力、兴趣） 心 业 moral/'mDrl/adj.道义上的：道 comfort/kAmfat/n.安慰：慰藉： *undergo/,nds'g3U/V.(under-德上的 宽慰 went,undergone))经历：经受alcohol/aelkahpl/n.含酒精饮 confuse/kan'fju:zV.使更难以surgical/'s3:d3k/adj.外科的；料：酒 理解：使糊涂；使迷惑 外科手术的 abuse /a'bju:s/n.滥用：妄用 novelist/'npvalist/n.小说家 boost /bu:st/v.提高：增强 insurance/m∫oarans/n.保险 upset /Ap'set/adj.不快的：心烦ease/i:z/v.减轻；缓解：n.容易：tax /taeks/n.税：税款 的：不适的：V.使（某人）某事轻易 cigarette/.sIga'ret/n.香烟 感到难过、失望等 behave /bI'heIv/v.表现 decrease/d'ki:s/v.减少：减小 词义辨析及同义替换 1. upset/p'set/adj.不快的；心烦的：不适的：v.使（某人）某事感到难过、失望等 词义辨析： upst:作形容词时侧重因小事或突发情况感到心烦、不快；作动词时强调“使情绪低落或打乱 计划”。 annoyed:侧重因被打扰或不便而感到恼怒，程度较upset轻。 同义替换： annoyed,bother,disturb 例句： She was upset because she missed the bus and was late for school. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The bad news made him for several days. A.happy B.upset C.excited(答案：B) 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 2.confuse/kan'fju:zV.使更难以理解；使糊涂：使迷惑 词义辨析： confuse:强调“使混淆、难以区分”，常与with连用(confuse A with B)。 puzzle:侧重“因复杂或未知而困惑”，主语多为事物。 同义替换： puzzle,baffle,mix up 例句： Don't confuse the twinsthey look similar but have different personalities. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） Many students the two words"affect and"effect A.confuse B.refuse C.amuse (答案：A) 3.profession /pra3'fefn/n.行业；职业 词义辨析： profession:指需要专业知识和技能的职业（如医生、教师），强调专业性和社会地位。 job:泛指任何有报酬的工作，范围最广。 career:侧重长期的职业发展或生涯规划。 同义替换： occupation,career,trade 例句： Teaching is a noble profession that requires patience and responsibility. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册期中复习题） After graduating from medical school,she chose to enter the ofnursing A.job B.profession C.work (答案：B) 4.boost/bu:st/V.提高；增强 词义辨析： boost:侧重“使增长、提升”，常与信心、销量、能量等搭配。 increase:泛指“数量、程度等增加”，使用范围更广。 同义替换： enhance,improve,raise 例句： Regular exercise can boost your energy levels and improve health 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The new policy is expected to economic growth in the region. A.reduce B.boost C.limit (答案：B) 5.ease/i:z/v.减轻：缓解：n.容易：轻易 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 词义辨析： ease作动词：强调“减轻痛苦、压力或负担”，搭配ease pain/tension。 relieve:与ease近义，侧重“暂时解除或缓解”，如relieve stress。 ease作名词：指“容易、不费力”，反义词是difficulty。 同义替换： relieve,alleviate:(n.)simplicity,comfort 例句： Taking a warm bath can ease muscle pain after exercise. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） The medicine helped to her headache quickly A.ease B.increase C.cause (答案：A) 6.behave/br'heIv/v.表现 词义辨析： behave:侧重“行为举止符合规范”，可用于behave well/adly结构。 act:泛指“行动、做事”，不强调是否符合规范。 同义替换： act,conduct oneself 例句： Children should learn to behave politely in public places 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The students well during the school visit to the museum. A.behaved B.played C.argued(答案：A) 7.engage /in'ged3/v.从事；参加：吸引（注意力、兴趣） 词义辨析： engage in:表示“从事、参与（活动）”，后接名词或动名词。 participate in:与engage in近义，但更强调主动参与。 engage sb.:表示“吸引某人的注意力”，如The story engaged the children. 同义替换： participate,involve,absorb 例句： She likes to engage in volunteer work during her free time 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册期中复习题） Students are encouraged to in after-school activities to develop their interests. A.engage B.refuse C.avoid(答案：A) 8.decrease/dr'kri:s/v.减少；减小 3 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 词义辨析： decrease:强调“数量、程度等逐渐减少”，可作动词或名词。 reduce: 侧重“人为地减少或降低”，如reduce costs。 同义替换： reduce.lower.decline 例句： The number of smokers has decreased since the new law was passed. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） We need to the amount of water we use every day to save resources. A.increase B.decrease C.double(答案：B) 9.comfort/"kmft/n.安慰；慰藉：宽慰 词义辨析： comfort::指“在困难中给予的安慰或精神支持”，不可数名词。 consolation: 较正式，侧重“减轻痛苦的慰藉”，如a few words of consolation。 同义替换： consolation,solace 例句： Her kind words gave me great comfort during a difficult time. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The mother hugged her crying child to offer A.comfort B.danger C.trouble (答案：A) l0.mor al/npral/adj.道义上的：道德上的 词义辨析： moral:指“与道德、伦理相关的”，如moral values(道德价值观)。 ethical:侧重“符合伦理标准的”，多用于专业领域（如医学、商业伦理）。 同义替换： ethical,virtuous 例句： It is our moral duty to help those in need. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） The company made a_ decision to stop producing harmful products. A.moral B.harmful C.selfish (答案：A) 11.abuse /a'bju:s/n.滥用：妄用 词义辨析： abuse:指“对权力、物品或物质（如药物、酒精)的滥用”。 misuse:侧重“错误使用”，如misuse a tool(误用工具)。 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 同义替换： misuse,exploitation 例句： The abuse of antibiotics can lead to drug resistance. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册期中复习题） The report warns against the of social media platforms. A.use B.abuse C.help (答案：B) 12.undergo/,nds'ga/V.(underwent,.undergone)经历；经受 词义辨析： undergo:指“经历（困难、变化或程序）”，如undergo surgery(接受手术)。 experience:泛指“经历、体验”，可接愉快或不愉快的事情。 同义替换： experience,go through,endure 例句： The patient underwent three hours of surgery to treat his illness 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The city has great changes in the past ten years. A.undergone B.refused C.avoided (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The sudden rain our plan to have a picnic in the park. A.confused B.upset C.boosted 2.Many peopleaccept"and"except"because of their similar pronunciation. A.puzzle B.mix up C.behave 3.After years of hard work,she finally built a successful as a lawyer. A.job B.career 5 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 C.profession 4.The new training program is designed to students'confidence in public speaking. A.increase B.boost C.ease 5.Listening to soft music can tension after a long day of work. A.relieve B.decrease C.confuse 6.It's important for children to learn topolitely in formal occasions. A.act B.conduct C.behave 7.All students are required to in the English corner activities every Friday. A.participate B.engage C.refuse 8.The number of wild tigers in this area has by 30%in the past decade. A.reduced B.declined C.decreased 9.The kind words from her friends gave her great during her illness. A.consolation B.comfort C.ease 10.Companies should make decisions that consider both profit and social responsibility. A.ethical B.moral C.virtuous 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Overuse of smartphones may lead to the a of personal time and energy. 2.The patient will ua series of medical tests before the surgery. 3.Regular exercise can byour immune system and reduce the risk of illness. 6 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 4.It's am duty to help the elderly cross the street when they need assistance. 5.The teacher's patience helped to e the students'fear of making mistakes. 6.Parents should teach children to d good table manners at an early age 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The company's new policy has(boost)employee satisfaction significantly. 2.She was (upset)by the news that her flight had been canceled. 3.Many young people choose to enter the teaching (profession)because they love sharing knowledge. 4.The doctor advised him to(decrease)his intake of sugar and salt. 5.The charity event(engage)over 200 volunteers from local communities. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这份报告警告人们不要滥用抗生素。 The report wams against the antibiotics. 2.他的幽默感总能缓解会议中的紧张气氛。 His sense of humor can always the in meetings. 3.毕业后，她决定从事护理行业。 After graduation,she decided to enter the nursing. 4.新政策有望促进该地区的经济增长。 The new policy is expected to in the region. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Doctors and nurses are professionals who dedicate their lives to helping others.A good doctor not only treats illnesses but also provides (comfort)to patients.However,some people (abuse)medical resources by visiting hospitals for minor issues,which(decrease)efficiency. Nurses,on the other hand,often(undergo)long shifts to ensure patients receive timely care.It is our (moral)responsibility to respect medical workers and use healthcare services properly. By working together,we can(boost)the quality of medical care for everyone. 7 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2B3.C4B5.A6.C7B8.C9B10.B Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.abuse 2.undergo 3.boost 4.moral 5.ease 6.develop I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.boosted 2.upset 3.profession 4.decrease 5.engaged V.完成句子 1.abuse of 2.ease;tension 3.profession of 4.boost economic growth V.语篇填空 1.comfort 2.abuse 3.decreases 4.undergo 5.moral 6.boost 8