Unit 3 Choices三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第一册（沪教版）

高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Choices 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 prove /pru:vW.证明：证实 permit /p3'nIt/w.允许；准许 peanut butter花生酱 retired /r'tarad/adj.已退休的 assume/A'sjum/w.假定；假设；baked potato(带皮)烤土豆 groceries /'grausariz/n. 食品杂认为 junk food垃圾食品 货 carbon footprint碳足迹 vending machine(售饮料的)自 establish1'staebli[/v.查实：建立：rubbish dump垃圾场：废物堆动售货机 设立 carbon dioxide二氧化碳 pay regard to注意；关注 legally/'Ii:gali/adv.合法地 put…aside忽视：不理睬；忘记traffic accident交通事故 词义辨析及同义替换 1.prove /pru:vw.证明；证实 词义辨析： prove:侧重通过证据、事实或逻辑推理来证实某事的真实性，可用于主动语态或系表结构(prove +adj.)。 establish:强调“建立；查实”，既可指建立组织、制度，也可指通过调查等确认事实，比prove 更正式，常与fact/tuth等搭配。 同义替换： establish,confirm 例句： The experiment proved that the theory was correct.(实验证明了这个理论是正确的。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习） Scientists havethe link between smoking and lung cancer through years of research A.proved B.assumed C.permitted(答案：A) 2.permit /p3'mtw.允许；准许 词义辨析： permit:正式用语，侧重“批准、许可”，主语可为人或事物（如规则、法律），常用搭配permit 1 高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 sb.to do sth. allow:普通用语，语气较弱，侧重“不禁止”，常用搭配allow doing sth.或allow sb.to do sth.。 同义替换： allow,authorize 例句： The school doesn't permit students to use mobile phones in class.(学校不允许学生在课堂上使用手 机。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试） Parents should not their children to stay up late playing computer games. A.permit B.assume C.establish(答案：A) 3.assume/月'sjum/W.假定；假设：认为 词义辨析： assume:指在缺乏证据的情况下“假定、想当然地认为”，常用搭配assume(that).。 suppose:语气较委婉，指“推测、假设”，常用于口语，可构成suppose sb.to do sth.。 同义替换： suppose,presume 例句： We assumed that he would agree with our plan,but he didn't.(我们原以为他会同意我们的计划，但 他没有。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册期中复习题） It is wrong to that all young people are interested in social media. A.assume B.prove C.establish(答案：A) 4.establish'staeblif/v.查实：建立；设立 词义辨析： establish:作“查实”时，强调通过调查、研究等确认事实；作“建立”时，指创建组织、制度 关系等，如establish a company/rule。 found:侧重“创建、创办”，尤指建立机构、组织或国家，如found a school/a country: 同义替换： found,set up,confirm 例句： The police established that he was not at the scene of the crime.(警方查实他不在犯罪现场。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册期末测试） The organization wasin 2000 to protect the environment. A.established B.assumed C.permitted (答案：A) 5.put"aside忽视；不理睬：忘记 高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： put..aside:侧重“暂时搁置、不理会”，可指将问题、情感等放在一边，也可指“储存（钱、时 间)”。 ignore:及物动词，指“故意忽视、不理睬”，直接接宾语，如ignore sb./sth.。 同义替换： ignore,set aside 例句： We should not put aside the problem of climate change any longer.(我们不应再忽视气候变化问题 了。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习） It's unwise to _your parents'advice when making important decisions. A.put aside B.pay regard to C.assume (答案：A) 6.pay regard to注意；关注 词义辨析： pay regard to:正式用语，指“考虑、关注”某事，常用搭配pay regard to sth.。 notice:指“注意到、察觉到”某事，侧重无意中发现，如notice a mistake。 同义替换： pay attention to,take notice of 例句： We must pay regard to the safety rules when using electrical equipment.(使用电器时，我们必须注 意安全规则。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试） Drivers should the speed limit to avoid traffic accidents. A.pay regard to B.put aside C.assume (答案：A) 7.legally/Ii:gali/adv.合法地 词义辨析： legally:指“依照法律规定地”，强调符合法律程序或条款。 lawfully:与legally近义，但更侧重“合乎道德或正义的法律”，语气略正式。 同义替换： lawfully,by law 例句： Only citizens over 18 can legally drive a car in China.(在中国，只有l8岁以上的公民才能合法驾 驶汽车。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册阅读拓展题） The company operates and has never violated any environmental laws. A.legally B.silently C.privately(答案：A) 3 高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 8.traffic accident交通事故 词义辨析： traffic accident:特指道路上因车辆行驶引发的事故，范围较窄。 accident:普通用语，泛指“意外事故”，包括交通事故、工伤等，如a car accident/an accident at work。 同义替换： car accident,road accident 例句： Drunk driving is one of the main causes of traffic accidents.(酒驾是交通事故的主要原因之一。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册完形填空题） He was late for school because he witnessed a on his way. A.traffic accident B.carbon footprint C.rubbish dump (答案：A) 9.junk food垃圾食品 词义辨析： junk food:指“无营养、高热量的食品”，如薯片、汉堡等，为固定搭配。 snack:泛指“零食”，可指健康或不健康的小食品，如fruit snacks/chocolate snacks。 同义替换： unhealthy food,.fast food(部分语境) 例句： Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems like obesity.(吃太多垃圾食品会导致肥胖等 健康问题。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册阅读理解题） The passage advises teenagers to avoid and choose fresh fruits instead A.junk food B.baked potatoes C.peanut butter(答案：A) 10.carbon dioxide二氧化碳 词义辨析： carbon dioxide:指化学物质“二氧化碳”，为固定术语，缩写为C2。 greenhouse gas::指“温室气体”，包括二氧化碳、甲烷等，范围更广。 同义替换： C02(缩写) 例句： Burning fossil fuels releases a large amount of carbon dioxide into the air.(燃烧化石燃料向空气中释 放大量二氧化碳。) 真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第一册科普阅读题） Plants absorb and release oxygen through photosynthesis. A.carbon dioxide B.carbon footprint C.ubbish(答案：A) 高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new evidence that the suspect was at the crime scene. A.proved B.assumed C.permitted 2.Students are not to bring snacks into the library according to the rules. A.established B.allowed C.supposed 3.Don't that everyone will support your idea without any discussion. A.prove B.assume C.establish 4.The charity organization was in 2010 to help homeless children. A.founded B.permitted C.ignored 5.Drivers must the traffic lights to ensure road safety. A.put aside B.pay regard to C.assume 6.It is required for all employees to wear uniforms at work A.legally B.silently C.privately 7.Eating too much may increase the risk of obesity and other health problems A.junk food B.carbon dioxide C.traffic accident 8.Plants play a key role in absorbing and producing oxygen for humans. A.greenhouse gas 5 高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.carbon dioxide C.rubbish 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The police spent three months trying to (证实)the truth of the report, 2.You can only park your car here if you have a (许可)from the manager. 3.It is unwise to()that all problems will solve themselves 4.The company plans to (a new branch in Shanghai next year. 5.We should never()the importance of environmental protection 6.Drivers must (注意)the speed limit in school zones.. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Scientistshave (establish)a clear link between air pollution and respiratory diseases. 2.Parents should not (permit)their children to play with fire. 3.She (assume)that we would arrive at 6 pm,so she prepared dinner in advance. 4.The organization was (legal)registered in 2015 andhas helped over 5,000 people since then. 5.We need to (put)aside our differences and work together to solve the problem. 四、完成句子 1.The experiment finally (证明了这个理论是正确的) 2.You must (the safety instructions before using the machine. 3.The government has (建立了一项新政策)to reduce carbon emissions. 4.It is wrong to()other people's feelings when making decisions. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 6 高中必修第一册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Smoking has long been a major public health concern.Many studieshave(1) (prove/assumed) that smoking causes various diseases,including lung cancer.However,some people still (2) (permit/assume)that smoking is not harmful if they smoke only a few cigarettes a day.To address this issue,the government has(3)(established/permitted)strict laws to ban smoking in public places.These laws require smokers to(4)(put aside/pay regard to)the health of others and (5) (legally/silently)face fines if they violate the rules.Additionally,schools and communities often organize campaigns to educate people about the dangers of smoking,encouraging them to (6) (put aside/ignore)the habit and choose a healthier lifestyle 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B3B4.A5.B6.A7.A 8.B Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.prove 2.permit 3.assume 4.establish 5.ignore 6.pay regard to I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.established 2.permit 3.assumed 4.legally 5.put V.完成句子 1.proved that the theory was correct 2.pay regard to 3.established a new policy 4.put aside V.语篇填空 1.proved 2.assume 3.established 4.pay regard to 5.legally 6.put aside 7