Unit 4 Inspiration三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 词义辨析精讲 【Unit4】Inspiration三 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 pursue/p3'sju:/V.追求；致力于；subsequent/'sAbsikwant/adj.随dignity/dignati/n.自尊；自豪： 执行；贯彻 后的：后来的：之后的 自重 dedicate/'dedikert/v.把…奉lawyer/'lo:ja(r)/n.律师 steel/sti:l/n.钢 献给 welfare./'welfea(r)/n.(个人、动stability/sta'bilati/n.稳定（性）： liberty/'lbati/n.自由 物或群体的)幸福，福利，安康稳固（性） initially'nifoli/adv..开始：最involvement/m'vDlvmant/n.参negotiate/n'gaufieit/v.谈判：磋 初：起初 与：加入；插手 商：协商 transformation/,traensfa'men/expense/k'spens/n.费用：价钱manner/'mena)/n.举止；行 n.(彻底的)变化，改观，转principled/'prmnsapld/adj..是非为方式：方式：方法 变 观念强的 capacity /ka'esati/n.领悟（或 sorrow/'sDr/n.悲伤：悲痛：悲persistence/p3'sIstans/n.坚持：理解、办事)能力 哀 锲而不舍 词义辨析及同义替换 1.pursue/pa'sju/v.追求：致力于；执行：贯彻 词义辨析： pursue:侧重表示“坚持不懈地追求目标、事业或爱好”，强调过程的持续性，常与抽象名词（如 dream,career)搭配。 sk:含义更广泛，可指“寻找具体事物”或“追求抽象目标”，侧重动作本身，不强调持续性。 同义替换： seek,strive for 例句： She has pursued her career in medicine for over 20 years. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） He decided to a master's degree after graduating from college. A.pursue B.find C.search (答案：A) 高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 2.liberty/'libati/n.自由 词义辨析： liberty:指“政治或个人自由”，强调不受权威或限制的权利，较为正式。 freedom:含义更广，可指“人身自由、言论自由”等，也可指“无拘束的状态”，使用范围更日 常。 同义替换： freedom,independence 例句： The people fought bravely for their liberty and rights. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） We all have the to express our opinions freely. A.liberty B.freedom C.power (答案：B) 3.initially /I'nIfeli/adv.开始；最初：起初 词义辨析： initially:强调“在最初阶段”，常用于描述过程中与后续情况的对比。 originally:侧重“原本、起初的状态”，可指“最初的设计或意图”。 同义替换： at first,originally 例句： Initially,she opposed the plan,but later changed her mind. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） we thought the project would take 3 months,but it ended up taking 5. A.Initially B.Finally C.Recently (答案：A) 4.transformation/,traensfo'meln/n.(彻底的)变化，改观，转变 词义辨析： transformation:指“彻底的、本质性的变化”，强调结果的显著不同。 change:泛指“任何变化”，可大可小，程度较浅。 同义替换： change,conversion 例句： The city has undergone a great transformation in the past decade 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期中测试） The invention of the Internet brought about a major in people's lives. A.transformation B.exchange C.development (答案：A) 5.subsequent/'sAbsikwant/adj.随后的：后来的：之后的 2 高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 词义辨析： subsequent:强调“时间上紧随其后的”，多用于书面语，常与介词to搭配。 following:指“紧接着的”，可用于描述时间或顺序，更口语化。 同义替换： following,later 例句： The mistake and its subsequent problems caused great trouble. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） He received a letter from his friend and a phone call the next day. A.subsequent B.previous C.frequent (答案：A) 6.welfare/'welfea(r)/n.(个人、动物或群体的)幸福，福利，安康 词义辨析： welfare:侧重“社会福利或群体福祉”，常与政府、组织的保障措施相关。 wel-being:指“个人的身心健康和幸福感”，更强调主观感受。 同义替换： well-being,happiness 例句： The government has taken measures to improve public welfare. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） Regular exercise is important for physical and mental A.welfare B.well-being C.wealth(答案：B) 7.persistence /p3'sistans/n.坚持；锲而不舍 词义辨析： persistence:指“在困难面前持续努力的品质”，是不可数名词。 perseverance:含义相近，但更强调“面对挫折时的毅力”，语气更强。 同义替换： perseverance,determination 例句： Her persistence in learning English helped her pass the exam 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Success requires hard work and A.persistence B.intelligence C.talent (答案：A) 8.dignity/dignati/n.自尊；自豪；自重 词义辨析： dignity:指“人的尊严或庄重的举止”，强调内在的价值和尊重。 honor:侧重“荣誉、名誉”，可指“因成就获得的尊重”，也可指“荣幸”。 高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 同义替换： self-respect,honor 例句： Everyone has the right to live with dignity. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期中测试） He refused to beg for help,as he wanted to keep his A.dignity B.pride C.reputation (答案：A) 9.stability/sta'bilati/n.稳定（性）：稳固（性） 词义辨析： stability:指“状态或系统的稳定”，如社会、经济或物体的稳固。 stability:强调“持续不变的状态”，反义词为instability。 同义替换： steadiness,firmness 例句： Economic stability is important for a country's development. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The government is working to maintain social and harmony. A.stability B.change C.progress(答案：A) l0.negotiate /n'gaufiert/v.谈判；磋商：协商 词义辨析： negotiate:指“通过讨论达成协议”，对象多为具体问题（如条款、价格）。 discuss:泛指“讨论”，不强调达成结果，侧重交换意见。 同义替换： bargain,consult 例句： The two companies are negotiating a new contract. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The leaders met to a peace agreement between the two countries A.negotiate B.argue C.debate (答案：A) 11.capacity /k3'sti/n.领悟（或理解、办事)能力 词义辨析： capacity:指“内在的能力或容量”，可用于描述人或事物，如“容量、理解力”。 ability:侧重“做某事的技能或才能”，常与todo搭配。 同义替换： ability,capability 4 高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 例句： She has a great capacity for learning new languages. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） His to solve problems quickly impressed his boss A.capacity B.power C.strength(答案：A) l2.manner/'mena(r)/n.举止：行为方式：方式：方法 词义辨析： manner:指“行为举止”或“做事的方式”，常用复数形式表“礼貌”。 way:泛指“方法、方式”，使用范围最广，可替换manner,.但更口语化。 同义替换： way,method 例句： He has a polite manner when talking to others. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期中测试） She finished the task in her own A.manner B.way C.means (答案：B) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.She has her dream of becoming a doctor for many years. A.pursued B.sought C.searched 2.The book describes the of a small village into a modern city. A.transformation B.change C.exchange 3 I planned to study abroad,but now I decide to stay in China. A.Initially B.Originally C.Finally 4.Regular exercise is important for both physical and mental 高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 A.welfare B.well-being C.wealth 5.The government is working hard to maintain social and economic growth. A.stability B.change C.progress 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.He showed great p_ in practicing the piano,even when he faced difficulties. 2.Everyone has the right to live with d and respect. 3.The company is negotiating a new cwith its business partners. 4.The project requires careful planning and s execution to succeed. 5.In her speech,she emphasized the importance of f of speech and expression 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Her (persist)in learning math helped her pass the exam. 2.The city has undergone a complete (transform)in the past five years. 3. (initial),we thought the task was easy,but it turned out to be challenging 4.He has the (capable)to solve complex problems quickly. 5.The government's new policy aims to improve public (welfare). 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他决定大学毕业后攻读硕士学位。 He decided to _a master's degree after graduating from college. 2.起初，她反对这个计划，但后来改变了主意。 she opposed the plan,but later changed her mind. 3. 互联网的发明给人们的生活带来了重大变革。 The invention of the Internet brought about a major in people's lives. 6 高中沪教版 【Unit4】 Inspiration三 4.成功需要努力工作和坚持不懈。 Success requires hard work and 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In today's fast-paced world,many people (pursue)success and happiness. (initial), they may focus on material goals,but later realize that true well-being comes from inner peace and personal growth.For example,Maria,a young scientist,once devoted all her time to her career, hoping to make a great(transform)in her field.However,she soon felt exhausted and lost her sense of」 (dignify). With the help of her friends,Maria began to balance work and life.She learned the importance of (stable)in daily routines and started practicing yoga to improve her mental (wel-being）) Her (persist)in making positive changes finally paid off.Now she enjoys both professional achievements and personal happiness,proving that a meaningful life requires more than just ambition. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4B5.A L.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.persistence 2.dignity 3.contract 4.steady 5.freedom II.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.persistence 2.transformation 3.Initially 4.capacity 5.welfare V.完成句子 1.pursue 2.Initially 3.transformation 4.persistence V.语篇填空 1.pursue 2.Initially 3.transformation 4.dignity 5.stability 6.well-being 7.persistence 7