Unit 1 Across the globe 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 单元精讲 (Unit 1 Across the globe 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 biology /bar'Dld3i/n.生物学 等)死板的，僵硬的 条件)恶劣的：艰苦的 angle/'e)gl/n.角度：斜角 restricted/r'striktid/adj.（能做frozen/'frauzn/adj.冰封的；封 minority /mar'nprati//n.少数：少的事)有限的，受限制的 冻的：结冰的 数人；少数派 curriculum /k3'rikjalam/n.(学shoreline/blan/n.海（或湖） remote /r'maut/adj.偏远的：偏校等的)全部课程 滨线：海（或湖）岸线 僻的 enormous/i'npms/adj.巨大的；*isolated/'aisaleitid/adj.偏远 hunt/hAnt/v.打猎：猎取：猎杀；庞大的 的：孤立的：孤独的 搜寻 fluency/'flu:ensi/n.熟练自如：*inevitably/In'evitabli/adv.不 airline/'eelam/n.航空公司 流畅 可避免地：必然地 demand/d'ma:nd/n.所需之grasp/gra:sp/n.理解（力)：领resident/rezidant/n.居民；住 物：（坚决的）要求：V.强烈要 会；V.抓紧；抓牢 户：adj.常住的 求 sew/saU/V.缝；做针线活 rigid/'rId3Id/adj.(规则、方法 harsh /ha:adj.(天气或生活 词义辨析及同义替换 1.remote/rI'mat/adj.偏远的；偏僻的 词义辨析： remote:强调地理位置上远离人口中心或文明区域，距离感强，如偏远山区、孤岛。 isolated:侧重“孤立的、与世隔绝的”，既可指地理位置偏远，也可指情感或社交上的孤独，如 孤立的村庄、孤独的个体。 同义替换： isolated,faraway 例句： The research station is located in a remote area with no mobile signal..(沪教版高中选择性必修三单 元练习) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步测评） 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 The small village is so_that few visitors can reach it. A.rigid B.remote C.frozen (答案：B) 2.hunt /hAnt/v.打猎：猎取：搜寻 词义辨析： hut:作动词时，既可指“捕猎野生动物”，也可指“搜寻某物/人”，强调主动寻找的过程，如 hunt for a job(找工作)。 search:泛指“搜索、查找”，搭配search for,.侧重仔细寻找目标，如search the room for keys。. 同义替换： search,seek 例句： Polar bears hunt seals on the frozen ice.(沪教版高中选择性必修三课文原句) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三单元检测） Police are for the missing child in the forest A.hunting B.demanding C.sewing (答案：A) 3.demand/d'mand/n.所需之物；要求；v.强烈要求 词义辨析： demand(v.):强调“坚决要求、强行索取”，语气强硬，后接名词或从句，从句常用虚拟语气 (should+动词原形)，如demand an apology。 require(v.):侧重“需要、要求”，语气较平和，可用于equire sth../sb.to do sth.,如The job requires patience。 同义替换： require,claim 例句： The workers demanded better working conditions from the manager..(沪教版高中选择性必修三语法 练习) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三期中测试） The law that all children must attend school until the age of 16. A.demands B.hunts C.grasps (答案：A) 4.rigid/'rId3Id/adj..(规则、方法等)死板的，僵硬的 词义辨析： rigid:形容规则、制度或思维方式“僵化的、缺乏灵活性的”，如rigid rules(死板的规则)。 strict:侧重“严格的、严厉的”，多用于形容人对他人的要求，如a strict teacher(严格的老师)。 同义替换： inflexible,strict 例句： The company's rigid policies make it hard to adapt to new changes.(沪教版高中选择性必修三阅读 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 拓展) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习） He is too in his thinking and refuses to listen to others'suggestions A.enormous B.rigid C.fluent (答案：B) 5.restricted/rr'striktId/adj.(能做的事)有限的，受限制的 词义辨析： restricted:指“受法规、条件限制而范围有限的”，如restricted area(禁区)、restricted access(限 制准入)。 limited:泛指“数量、能力等有限的”，如limited time(时间有限)、limited resources(有限资 源)。 同义替换： limited,confined 例句： Visitors are restricted to certain areas in the museum.(沪教版高中选择性必修三单元阅读) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三期末复习题) Due to the storm,travel is-to major roads only. A.restricted B.isolated C.inevitable （答案：A) 6.enormous/1'nmes/adj.巨大的：庞大的 词义辨析： enormous:形容体积、数量或程度“极其巨大的”，语气强于big,如enormous pressure(巨大压 力)、入enormous building(庞大的建筑)。 huge:侧重“尺寸或数量大”，使用范围广，如a huge success(巨大成功)、huge waves(巨浪)。 同义替换： huge,massive 例句： The project requires an enormous amount of time and money..(沪教版高中选择性必修三写作范文) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三单元测评） The team made an_effort to win the championship. A.isolated B.enormous C.frozen (答案：B) 7.grasp /gra:sp/n.理解（力)；领会；V.抓紧；抓牢 词义辨析： grasp(n.):指对知识、概念的“理解、掌握”，如a good grasp of English(精通英语)。 understanding(n.):泛指“理解、领悟”，语气较平和，如show understanding of the problem(表 现出对问题的理解)。 grasp(v.):强调“紧紧抓住”具体事物或抽象概念，如grasp the rope(抓紧绳子)、gras即he opportunity(抓往机会)。 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 同义替换： understand (v.),comprehension (n.) 例句： She has a good grasp of mathematical theories.(沪教版高中选择性必修三单元检测) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习） It took me a long time to the main idea of the passage. A.grasp B.sew C.angle (答案：A) 8.inevitably/n'evitabli/adv.不可避免地；必然地 词义辨析： inevitably:强调“因客观规律或逻辑而必然发生”，如Changes will inevitably happen.(变化终将 不可避免地发生)。 certainly:侧重“肯定地、无疑地”，主观判断某事会发生，如He will certainly agree..(他肯定会 同意)。 同义替换： necessarily,unavoidably 例句： With the development of technology,traditional jobs will inevitably be replaced.(沪教版高中选择性 必修三议论文素材) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三期末测试） If we continue to waste resources,environmental problems will-arise. A.inevitably B.fluently C.remotely (答案：A) 9.resident/'rezidant/n.居民：住户；adj.常住的 词义辨析： resident(n.):指在某地“长期居住的居民”，强调合法性和稳定性，如local residents(当地居 民)。 inhabitant(n.):泛指“居住者”，可指人或动物，使用范围更广，如inhabitants of the forest(森 林居民)。 同义替换： inhabitant,dweller 例句： The residents of the community organized a charity event.(沪教版高中选择性必修三听力材料) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三单元练习） Most_in this area have lived here for over 20 years A.residents B.minorities C.airlines(答案：A) l0.harsh /ha:Yadj.(天气或生活条件)恶劣的：艰苦的 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 词义辨析： harsh:形容环境、气候“严酷的、恶劣的”，或言行“严厉的、刺耳的”，如harsh winter(严冬)、 harsh words(刻薄的话)。 severe:侧重“严重的、剧烈的”，如severe weather(恶劣天气)、severe pain(剧痛)，语气比 harsh更强。 同义替换： severe,cruel 例句： The harsh desert climate makes it difficult for plants to grow.(沪教版高中选择性必修三课文原句) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三阅读拓展） The explorers suffered_conditions during their journey to the North Pole. A.frozen B.harsh C.isolated(答案：B) 11.frozen/'fr5m/adj.冰封的；结冰的 词义辨析： frozen::指“结冰的、冰封的”，是freeze的过去分词作形容词，如frozen lake(冰封的湖)、frozen food(冷冻食品)。 cold:泛指“冷的、寒冷的”，形容温度低，如a cold day（寒冷的一天)。 同义替换： icy,frosty 例句： Ships cannot pass through the frozen river in winter..(沪教版高中选择性必修三单元阅读) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步测评） Theground made it hard to walk without slipping. A.frozen B.restricted C.fluent （答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、单项选择 1.The small village is located in a_area,with no shops or schools nearby. A.rigid B.remote C.frozen 2.Police have been_for the escaped prisoner in the mountain area for three days. 5 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 A.hunting B.demanding C.sewing 3.The company_that all employees wear uniforms during work hours. A.demands B.hunts C.grasps 4.His_attitude towards new ideas makes it hard to work with him A.enormous B.rigid C.fluent 5.Due to the heavy snow,traffic isto main roads only. A.restricted B.isolated C.inevitable 6.The project requires an_amount of money and time to complete. A.isolated B.enormous C.frozen 7.It took me a long time tothe main idea of the difficult passage. A.grasp B.sew C.angle 8.If we don't take action now,environmental problems will_get worse. A.inevitably B.fluently C.remotely 9.Most_in this neighborhood have lived here since the 1990s. A.residents B.minorities C.airlines 10.The explorers faced_weather conditions during their trip to the South Pole A.frozen B.harsh C.isolated 6 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The research station is in ar region with no mobile phone signal. 2.Polar bears hseals as their main source of food. 3.The workers d better pay and working conditions from the boss. 4.The school has r rules about students'dress code. 5.The e building can hold over 10,000 people. 6.She has a good g_of English grammar and vocabulary 7.Changes in technology will i lead to changes in people's lifestyles. 8.Local rare protesting against the new construction project. 9.The hwinter in the north makes it difficult to travel. 10.The f lake is a popular place for ice skating in winter. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The(remote)village can only be reached by helicopter. 2.They spent the whole day(hunt)for the missing dog in the forest. 3.The law(demand)that all children under 16 must attend school. 4.His_(rigid)思维方式prevents him from accepting new ideas. 5.The number of visitors to the museum is(restrict)to 500 per day. 6.She was_(enormous)surprised by the news of her promotion 7.He has a good(grasp)of computer programming 8.Technology development will_(inevitably)change the way we work. 9.The(resident)of the building are complaining about the noise. 10.The(harsh)of the desert climate is beyond imagination. 四、完成句子（每空一词） l.这个偏远的村庄没有自来水和electricity。 Thevillage has no running water or electricity. > 高中沪教版 【词义辨析精讲】 选择性必修第三册 2.警察正在森林里搜寻失踪的孩子。 The police arethe missing child in the forest. 3.工人们要求老板提高他们的工资。 The workers_a pay rise from their boss. 4.他的思维太僵化，无法适应新环境。 His thinking makes it hard for him to adapt to the new environment. 5.由于疫情，游客进入博物馆的人数受到限制。 Due to the epidemic,the number of visitors entering the museum is200 per day. 五、语篇填空 Polar bears live in the Arctic,where the climate is extremely (1)-(harsh/frozen).They (2) -(hunt/search)seals on the (3)-(frozen/icy)sea ice.However,with global warming,the ice is melting,making it harder for them to find food.This(4)(inevitably/certainly)leads to a decrease in their population.Local (5)(residents/inhabitants)and scientists are worried about their future. Some organizations(6)-(demand/require)immediate action to protect the Arctic environment.It is hoped that with joint efforts,these magnificent animals will not disappear from the Earth. 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3.A4B5.A6B7.A8.A9.A10.B Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.remote 2.hunt 3.demanded 4rigid 5.enormous 6.grasp 7.inevitably 8residents 9.harsh 10.frozen ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.remote 2.hunting 3.demands 4.rigid 5.restricted 6.enormously 7.grasp 8.in- evitably 9.residents 10.harshness V.完成句子 1.remote 2.hunting for 3.demanded 4rigid 5.restricted to V.语篇填空 1.harsh 2.hunt 3.frozen 4.inevitably 5residents 6.demand