Unit 3 Mind and body三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 精讲专版 【Unit3】Mind and body 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 massive/'maesrv/adj.大量的：大reject /rI'd3ekt/v.拒绝接受；不皱起；n.皱纹 规模的 予考虑 pace /peis/v.来回踱步：n.(移 patience/'peifns/n.耐心 volume/'vplju:m/n.卷；册：一 动的)速度：步速 ambition/embn/n.野心：雄册：一部分 forehead/'fprid/n.前额 心：志向：抱负 proportion/pr3'pon/n.正确的 curtain/'k3tn/n.窗帘；帐幕 ivid/vrvid/adj.生动的：清晰比例：均衡 jawd3/n.下巴；颚：(pl)口 的 nuscle/mAsl/n.肌肉 部；嘴 *nightmare/'naitmes(r)/n.噩*pearly/'p3:li/adj.珍珠的；似cheek /tf:k/n.脸颊；脸蛋 梦：梦魇 珍珠的 pure /pjvs()r/adj.非常清澈的： tale/terl/n.传说；故事 wrinkle/'rk/v.(使)起皱纹；纯正的 词义辨析及同义替换 1. massive/'mnaesIv/adj.大量的：大规模的 词义辨析： massive:侧重形容数量、规模或体积“巨大的、庞大的”，语气较强，常修饰具体事物（如建筑、 金额)或抽象概念（如影响）。 large:普通用词，泛指“大的”，可修饰具体或抽象事物，使用范围最广。 同义替换： large,enormous,huge 例句： The storm caused massive damage to the village. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The company has made a investment in new technology this year A.tiny B.massive C.small (答案：B) 2.patience/'peifns/n.耐心 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 词义辨析： patience:指在等待或应对困难时表现出的“耐心、忍耐力”，是不可数名词。 tolerance: 侧重对他人的“宽容、容忍”，尤其指对不同观点或行为的包容。 同义替换： endurance,forbearance 例句： Teaching young children requires a lot of patience 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） With great she explained the problem to the students until they understood. A.patience B.anger C.sadness (答案：A) 3.ambition/en'bn/n.野心；雄心；志向；抱负 词义辨析： ambition:可指褒义的“雄心、抱负”（追求远大目标），也可指贬义的“野心”（追求权力或地 位)。 aspiration:仅指褒义的“强烈愿望、志向”，侧重对理想或目标的渴望。 同义替换： aspiration,ambition(中性) 例句： His ambition is to become a leading scientist in the field. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读拓展） Her to help the poor led her to start a charity organization A.ambition B.laziness C.fear (答案：A) 4.ivid/'vivid/adj..生动的：清晰的 词义辨析： vvd:强调“形象鲜明的、栩栩如生的”，常修饰记忆、描述或画面，给人强烈的感官印象。 clear:侧重“清晰的、明白的”，指易于理解或看清，不模糊。 同义替换： lively,distinct 例句： The author gave a vivid description of the scenery in her novel. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册语法填空） The old man has a_ memory of his childhood in the countryside. (答案：ivid) 5.reject/r'd3ekt/v.拒绝接受：不予考虑 词义辨析： reject:指正式或坚决地“拒绝、驳回”，对象可以是建议、申请、物品等，语气较强。 refuse:普通用词，指“拒绝做某事或给予某物”，后接动词不定式或名词，语气较直接。 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 同义替换： refuse,decline 例句： The committee decided to reject the proposal due to lack of funds 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） He the offer because he wanted to work in his hometown. A.accepted B.rejected C.welcomed (答案：B) 6.volume/'vplju:m/n.卷；册：一册：一部分 词义辨析： volume:指书的“卷、册”，或成套书中的“一册”，也可表示“音量”。 book:泛指“书”，不强调“卷/册”的概念。 同义替换： book(指单册时)，tome(正式) 例句： This encyclopedia has 20 volumes in total. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册词汇运用） Please open your textbooks to 3,page 45. A.volume B.chapter C.line (答案：A) 7.proportion /pra'p3:n/n.正确的比例；均衡 词义辨析： proportion:指部分与整体的“比例、比率”，或事物各部分之间的“均衡、协调”。 atio:侧重两个数量之间的“比值、比例”，强调数字上的关系（如l:3)。 同义替换： balance,ratio 例句： The proportion of students who passed the exam increased by 10%. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） The of boys to girls in the class is 2:3 A.proportion B.ratio C.number (答案：B) 8.pace /pers/V.来回踱步：n.(移动的)速度：步速 词义辨析： pace(n.):指行走、做事的“速度、步速”，强调节奏或频率。 speed:泛指“速度”，侧重运动的快慢，单位可以是km/h等。 同义替换： speed,rate 3 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 例句： He walked at a slow pace to enjoy the scenery. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The runner increased his in the last lap and won the race A.pace B.weight C.height (答案：A) 9.pure/pjua)/adj.非常清澈的：纯正的 词义辨析： pure:指物质“纯净的、无杂质的”（如纯水)，或品质“纯正的、纯粹的”（如动机）。 clean:侧重“干净的、无污垢的”，强调没有灰尘或污染物。 同义替换： clean,unadulterated 例句： The mountain air is so pure that it's good for health. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册词汇填空） She has a heart and always helps others without asking for return (答案：pure) l0.tale /terl/n.传说：故事 词义辨析： tale:常指“传说、民间故事”，带有虚构或传奇色彩，也可指“谎言”。 soy:泛指“故事”，可指真实或虚构的叙述，范围更广（如小说、新闻故事）。 同义替换： story,legend 例句： Grandma often told us tales of her childhood in the countryside 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The book is a collection of traditional from around the world. A.tales B.reports C.diaries (答案：A) 11.wrinkle/'r四kl/v.(使)起皱纹；皱起；n.皱纹 词义辨析： vrinkle(n.):指皮肤因衰老、表情或干燥形成的“皱纹”。 fold:指布料、纸张等的“折痕、褶皱”，可通过折叠形成。 同义替换： crease,,line(指皱纹时) 例句： Years of hard work left wrinkles on his forehead 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） She smiled,and a few appeared at the corners of her eyes. A.wrinkles B.freckles C.scars (答案：A) 12.curtain/'k3t/n.窗帘；帐幕 词义辨析： curtain:指挂在窗户上的“窗帘”，或舞台上的“幕布”。 drapes:较正式用词，指“厚重的窗帘”或“帷慢”，强调装饰性。 同义替换： drape,blind(百叶窗，部分替换) 例句： She pulled the curtain to block out the sunlight. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册语法填空） The in the theater opened,and the play began. (答案：curtain) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The investment in renewable energy has helped reduce the city's carbon emissions. A.tiny B.massive C.small 2.Teaching young children requires a lot of and understanding. A.patience B.tolerance C.anger 3.Her to become a doctor led her to study medicine for eight years. A.ambition B.aspiration C.laziness 4.The artist created a painting that made viewers feel like they were in a forest. A.vivid B.clear C.dull 5 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 5.The committee decided to the project plan due to budget constraints. A.accept B.reject C.welcome 6.This dictionary has 10. _each covering a different field of knowledge. A.books B.volumes C.chapters 7.The of students who passed the math exam was 80%,which is higher than last year. A.proportion B.ratio C.number 8.The hiker slowed his to enjoy the mountain views along the trail. A.speed B.pace C.weight 9.The water in the mountain lake is so that you can see fish swimming at the bottom. A.pure B.clean C.dirty 10.My grandfather often tells of his adventures during the war. A.stories B.tales C.reports 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The storm caused (大规模的)damage to the coastal village. 2.With great (耐心)，the teacher explained the problem until everyone understood. 3.His (is to start a company that helps environmental protection 4.The novel gives a__(生动的)description of life in the 19 th century.. 5.She had to()the job offer because it required moving to another city. 6.The library has a complete set of Shakespeare's works in 30 (卷) 6 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The old man has a (vividly)memory of his childhood in the countryside. 2.She showed great (patient)when teaching the disabled children. 3.The company made a (mass)investment in new technology this year 4.His (ambitious)to win the competition pushed him to practice every day. 5.The (reject)of his application made him feel disappointed. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这个项目需要大量的资金支持。 This project requires of financial support. 2.她用耐心和智慧解决了这个难题。 She solved the problem with and 3.他的雄心壮志激励他不断努力。 His him to keep working hard. 4.画家生动地描绘了夕阳下的海滩。 The painter gave a of the beach at sunset. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Ms.Li,a high school teacher,has a (massive/large)amount of experience in teaching.She of- ten tells her students that(patience/tolerance)is key to learning.One ofher students,Tom,has a strong (ambition/aspiration)to become a writer.He writes stories with(vivid/clear) details that make readers feel immersed.Last month,Tom submitted a story to a magazine,but it was (rejected/refused)because the theme was too common.Instead of giving up,Tom asked Ms. Li for advice.With her help,he revised the story and resubmitted it.This time,the editor praised the story's_ (tale/story)and decided to publish it.Tom was overjoyed and said,"Ms.Li's guidance and my own (persistence/patience)made this possible." 参考答案 7 选择性必修第三册沪教版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及综合训练 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.A5B6B7.A8B9.A10B Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.massive 2.patience 3.ambition 4.vivid 5.reject 6.volumes I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.vivid 2.patience 3.massive 4.ambition 5.rejection V.完成句子 1.a massive amount 2.patience;wisdom 3.ambition inspires 4.vivid description V语篇填空 1.massive 2.patience 3.ambition 4.vivid 5.rejected 6.tale 7.patience 8