Unit 4 Inspiration一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit4】Inspiration 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 *accompany/A'kAmpani/v.陪同； *stem/stem/n.(花草的)茎：（花*hint /hint/w.暗示：透露：示意： 陪伴 叶的)梗，柄 n.提示：示意 *beam/bi:m/n.光线 *sin/sn/n.罪：罪恶；罪过 pessimistic /pesr'mistik/adj. brick /brik/n.砖；砖块 *ladder/'1ed(r)/n.梯子 观的：悲观主义的 blank /blaenk/ad.空的：无图画fate/fert/n.命运的安排 ambitious/en'bues/adj.有野心 (或装饰、标记)的 amateur/'emata(r)/n.业余爱好的：有雄心的 *nonsense/nonsns/n.谬论：胡者；业余运动员；adj.业余的pond /pDnd/n.池塘，尤指人工的 扯：胡言乱语 humble/hmbl/adj.谦逊的：虚labour/'Ieba()/n.体力劳动 shade/∫eIdn.窗帘：帘布：阴凉心的 carpet/ka:pit/n.地毯 处：背阴：（树）荫 *anid为nId/prep.在…过程 firm/f3m/adj.牢固的：稳固的中；在…中 词义辨析及同义替换 1.accompany/A'kAmpani/v.陪同；陪伴 词义辨析： accompany:指“陪伴某人”，强调陪同的动作，尤指同行或作为陪伴者提供支持，为正式用语， 通常用于人或事物伴随。 tend:侧重“出席、参加”（会议、活动等），也可表示“照顾、照料”（病人等），但无“陪伴 同行”的含义。 同义替换： escort,company 例句： My parents accompanied me to the airport when I left for college. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The singer was by a pianist during her performance. A.attended B.accompanied C.followed (答案：B) 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.beam /bi:m/m.光线 词义辨析： beam:指“（光的）束、柱”，如阳光、灯光等集中的光线，也可指“笑容”。 ray:侧重“光线、射线”，可指太阳的光线或抽象的“一丝光芒”，如a ray of hope(一线希望)。 同义替换： ray,shaft 例句： The momning sun sent beams of light through the window. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The lighthouse sends out of light to guide ships at night A.beams B.rays C.shades (答案：A) 3.firm/f3m/adj.牢固的：稳固的 词义辨析： fim:指“结构坚固、不易动摇的”，可形容物体稳固或态度坚定。 stable:侧重“稳定的、平稳的”，强调状态不易变化，如stable prices(稳定的价格)。 同义替换： stable,solid 例句： Make sure the ladder is firm before you climb up 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册复习指南） The foundation of the building must be enough to withstand earthquakes. A.firm B.soft C.loose (答案：A) 4.hint/hint/v.暗示；n.提示 词义辨析： hint(v.):指“间接暗示、示意”，通过言语或行为隐晦表达，不直接说明。 iply:更正式，强调“暗示、意味着”，通过逻辑或语境间接表达含义。 同义替换： imply,suggest 例句： She hinted that she might quit her job if the situation didn't improve. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The teacher that there would be a test next week by asking us to review the unit. A.hinted B.shouted C.announced (答案：A) 5.humble/hmbl/adj.谦逊的；虚心的 2 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： humble:指“谦逊的、不骄傲的”，强调对自身能力或地位的低调态度，也可指“卑微的”（如 出身)。 modest:侧重“谦虚的、适度的”，指不过分炫耀，常用于形容人或成就。 同义替换： modest,unassuming 例句： Despite his success,he remained a humble person who always helped others. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The scientist was praised for his attitude towards his research achievements A.proud B.humble C.ambitious (答案：B) 6.pessimistic/pesr'mistrk/adj.悲观的 词义辨析： pessimistic:指“对未来持悲观态度的”，认为结果会不好，反义词为optimistic(乐观的)。 negative:含义更广，可指“消极的、否定的”，不仅限于态度，还可指情绪或言论。 同义替换： gloomy,negative 例句： Don't be so pessimistic-things might get better soon 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册复习指南） She is always about her chances of passing the exam,even though she studies hard. A.pessimistic B.optimistic C.confident(答案：A) 7.ambitious/em'bues/adj.有野心的：有雄心的 词义辨析： ambitious:指“有雄心的、渴望成功的”，可褒义（目标远大）或贬义（野心勃勃）： aspiring:侧重“有抱负的、追求目标的”，强调正在努力实现理想，如aspiring artists(有抱负的 艺术家)。 同义替换： aspiring,driven 例句： He is ambitious to become a leading scientist in his field. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Young people today are more than ever to achieve their dreams. A.ambitious B.lazy C.content (答案：A) 8.labour'leba(r)/h.体力劳动 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： labour:指“体力劳动”，尤指辛苦的体力工作，也可作动词“劳动”。 wok:泛指“工作”，包括体力或脑力劳动，含义最广。 同义替换： work,toil 例句： Farmers often do heavy labour in the fields during harvest season 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The construction workers spent the whole day doing hard under the sun. A.labour B.study C.play (答案：A) 9.amid/3 nidprep.在过程中 词义辨析： id:指“在…之中、在…过程中”，强调被某物环绕或在复杂环境中，后接名词或名词短 语。 among:侧重“在·（三者以上)之中”，强调在同类事物中，如among friends(在朋友中)。 同义替换： among,in the middle of 例句： Amid all the noise,she managed to focus on her reading. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） the chaos of the city,there is a small park where people can relax. A.Amid B.Between C.Beyond (答案：A) 10.nonsense/'npnsns/h.谬论：胡言乱语 词义辨析： nonsense:指“毫无意义的话、胡扯”，强调内容荒谬或不合理。 ubbish:口语中可指“废话、垃圾”，也指具体的“垃圾”，语气较随意。 同义替换： rubbish,absurdity 例句： Don't listen to his nonsense-he's just making up stories. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册复习指南） The teacher told the students not to talk during class A.sense B.nonsense C.facts (答案：B) 综合演练 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The tour guide will us through the ancient temple and explain its history. A.attend B.accompany C.follow 2.The sun's penetrated through the clouds and lit up the entire room. A.beams B.rays C.shades 3.The old man has a」 belief that hard work will lead to success. A.firm B.soft C.loose 4.She that she wanted to leave early by looking at her watch repeatedly A.hinted B.shouted C.announced 5.Despite winning the Nobel Prize,the scientist remained and refused all special treatment. A.proud B.humble C.ambitious 6.Don'tbe so about the future-there are still many opportunities ahead. A.pessimistic B.optimistic C.confident 7.The young entrepreneur plans to expand her business to three countries within five years. A.ambitious B.lazy C.content 8.Farmers in this area have to do heavy in the fields during the planting season. A.labour B.study C.play J 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 9 the excitement of the crowd,the singer managed to keep calm and finish her performance. A.Amid B.Between C.Beyond 10.Stop talking and focus on the task at hand,or we'll never finish on time. A.sense B.nonsense C.facts 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The lighthouse sends out bof light to guide ships at night. 2.His h_attitude towards success won him respect from all his colleagues. 3.She is always pabout her exam results,even though she studies very hard. 4.The construction workers spent the whole day doing hard 1under the hot sun. 5.Athe noise of the traffic,I could still hear her calling my name. 6.Don't believe his nhe's just making up stories to get attention. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The little girl was_(accompany)by her mother when she visited the museum. 2.The(pessimistic)of the team made them give up halfway through the project. 3.He has an(ambitious)plan to climb Mount Everest within two years. 4.The foundation of the house must be_(firm)enough to withstand strong winds. 5.She(hint)that she might move to another city for a better job opportunity. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这位钢琴家将陪伴歌手完成整个巡演。 The pianist will the singer throughout the tour. 2.他暗示我们应该早点出发以避开交通高峰。 He_that we should leave early to avoid the traffic jam. 6 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.尽管取得了巨大成功，他仍然保持谦逊。 Despite his great success,he remained_ 4.在困难时期，他总是保持坚定的信念。 He always keeps a belief during difficult times. 5.不要对未来如此悲观，一切都会好起来的。 Don't be so about the future-everything will be fine. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Li Ming is an_(ambitious/humble)young man who dreams of becoming a scientist.Every mom- ing,he reads in the park(amid/among)the sounds of birds and children playing.His parents always_(accompany/attend)him to the library on weekends,where he studies for hours.Once,his teacher_(hinted/announced)that there would be a science competition,and Li Ming decided to take part.Though some classmates were(pessimistic/optimistic)about his chances,he remained (firm/loose)in his belief and worked hard.Finally,he won first prize.When asked about his success, he said,"I couldn't have done it without my parents'support and the_(labour/work)I put in every day.” 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A 3.A4.A5B6.A7.A8.A9.A10.B Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.beams 2.humble 3.pessimistic 4.labour 5.Amid 6.nonsense I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.accompanied 2.pessimism 3.ambitious 4.firm 5.hinted V.完成句子 1.accompany 2.hinted 3.humble 4.firm 5.pessimistic V.语篇填空 1.ambitious 2.amid 3.accompany 4.hinted 5.pessimistic 6.firm 7.labour 7