Unit 2 Digital humans二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans 核心词汇 【Unit2】Digital humans 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 pause /p3:zln.停顿：停顿的时 前的 lung1/n.肺 间 globe/glab/n.地球仪；世界 handkerchief /'haenkatfif/n. instant/'mnstant//ad.立刻的：立canal/k3'nel/n.运河 帕 即的 foggy/'fogi/adj.有雾的 plug /plAg/v.接通（电源） dare/dea(r)/.敢于；胆敢 mist/mIst/n.薄雾 wm'ist /rIst//n.手腕；腕关节 outgoing/'avtgaom/adj.爱交际estate/'stet/n.住宅区：工业区 waist/weIst/n.腰；腰部 的：外向的 weed/wi:d/n.杂草；野草 comprise /kam'praiz/v.包括；由 adorable/3'dbIb/adj.可爱的：wire/waar)/n.金属丝：金属…组成 讨人喜爱的 线 component /kam'paunant/n. prior/'pral3(r)/adj.先前的；在kettle/'ket/n.水壶 成部分 词义辨析及同义替换 1. pause /po:z/n.停顿；停顿的时间 词义辨析： plse:指动作、说话或音乐等的短暂中止，之后可能继续，既可作名词也可作动词。 so叩：强调“停止”，动作完全终止，不再继续，词性更广（动词、名词、形容词）。 同义替换： break,interval 例句： He made a short pause before continuing his speech 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） After the long journey,we decided to have a ten-minuteto rest A.pause B.stop C.end(答案：A) 2.instant/mnstant/adj.立刻的：立即的 词义辨析： 1 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans instant:侧重“瞬间发生的”，强调时间极短，如instant coffee(速溶咖啡)。 immediate: 强调“直接的、即时的”，指没有延迟，如immediate response(即时回应)。 同义替换： immediate,prompt 例句： You can get an instant reply by sending a text message 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The company promised to give a(n)answer to our complaint. A.instant B.slow C.late (答案：A) 3.prior/prara()/ad.先前的：在前的 词义辨析： prior:强调“时间上先于…”，常用搭配prior to(在…之前)，正式用语。 previous:指“之前的、先前的”，可用于时间或顺序，如previous experience(先前经验)。 同义替换： previous,earlier 例句： She had no prior knowledge of the project before the meeting. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期末复习题） -to the invention of the Internet,people communicated mainly by letters. A.Prior B.Later C.Next（答案：A) 4.comprise/kam'praiz/V.包括；由…组成 词义辨析： comprise:指“整体由部分组成”，主动语态中结构为“整体comprise部分”，不用被动。 include:侧重“包含作为整体的一部分”，结构为“整体include部分”，可用于被动。 同义替换： include,consist of 例句： The team comprises five doctors and ten nurses 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册语法练习） Our school30 classes and over 1,500 students. A.comprises B.is included C.contains (答案：A) 5.component /kam'pUn3nt/n.组成部分 词义辨析： component:指“复杂整体中的独立部分”，强调功能性，如machine components(机器零件)。 pat:泛指“部分”，可用于任何整体与部分的关系，如part of a book(书的一部分)。 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans 同义替换： part,element 例句： The main components of a computer are the CPU and memory. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册阅读拓展练习） The_of this medicine work together to treat the disease effectively A.components B.wholes C.totals (答案：A) 6.outgoing/'atga/adj.爱交际的：外向的 词义辨析： outgoing:形容人“外向的、善于交际的”，强调主动与人交往的性格。 extroverted:与outgoing同义，更正式，指“性格外向的”，反义词为introverted。 同义替换： extroverted,sociable 例句： Her outgoing personality makes her popular among classmates 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册模块测试） Tom is very_and always enjoys organizing parties for friends A.outgoing B.shyC.quiet(答案：A) 7.adorable'do:rabl/adj.可爱的：讨人喜爱的 词义辨析： adorable:强调“让人爱慕的、可爱的”，语气较强，可形容人或小动物。 cute:口语中常用，指“可爱的、机灵的”，既可形容人、动物，也可形容物品。 同义替换： cute,lovely 例句： The little girl in the red dress looks absolutely adorable 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步阅读） The panda cub is so that visitors can't help taking photos of it. A.adorable B.ugly C.fierce (答案：A) 8.fogy/'fDgi/adj.有雾的 词义辨析： fogy:指“有雾的”，雾较浓，能见度低，如foggy morning(雾蒙蒙的早晨)。 misty:指“有薄雾的”，雾较淡，如misty mountain（薄雾笼罩的山)。 同义替换： misty,hazy 3 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans 例句： Driving is dangerous on a foggy day because you can't see clearly. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册完形填空） The weather was_,and the ship had to slow down A.foggy B.sunny C.rainy (答案：A) 9.dare/der)/v.敢于；胆敢 词义辨析： dare作情态动词：后接动词原形，多用于否定句、疑问句，无第三人称单数变化，如dare not do。 dare作实义动词：后接todo,有人称和数的变化，否定句需加助动词，如doesn't dare to do。 同义替换： have the courage to,venture to 例句： She dare not swim in the deep river.(情态动词) He doesn't dare to speak in front of the class.（实义动词) 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册语法填空） None of us_(dare)to challenge the strict teacher's decision. (答案：dare/dares to) l0.plug /plag/V.接通（电源） 词义辨析： plug:指“插入插头接通电源”，如plug the TV in(把电视插上电源)。 connect:泛指“连接”，可用于电源、网络、设备等，如connect the computer to the Internet。 同义替换： connect,switch on 例句： Don't forget to plug the kettle in before boiling water 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元练习) You need to the printer to the computer before using it. A.plug B.break C.disconnect (答案：A) ll.estate'stet/n.住宅区；工业区 词义辨析： estate:指“大片土地及其上的建筑”，可表示“住宅区”（如housing estate)或“工业区”。 district:指“行政区域、地区”，范围较大，如business district(商业区)。 同义替换： community,area 例句： They live in a new housing estate on the edge of the city. 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册阅读理解） The factory is located in the industrial in the south of the town. A.estate B.home C.park(答案：A) 12.1ung1/n.肺 词义辨析： lung:指人体呼吸器官“肺”，为可数名词，常用复数形式lungs。 organ:泛指“器官”，如heat,liver等都是organ,范围更广。 同义替换： respiratory organ 例句： Smoking is harmful to your lungs and can cause diseases 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册科普阅读） The_are responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. A.lungs B.eyes C.hands (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.After the long meeting,the manager suggested a short_to let everyone relax. A.pause B.stop C.end 2.The company promised to send a(n)reply to our application within 24 hours. A.instant B.slow C.late 3.to the exam,students need to hand in their mobile phones to the teacher. A.Prior B.Later C.Next 4.Our school's art club_20 members from different grades A.comprises B.is included 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans C.contains 5.The little girl's_smile made everyone in the room feel warm. A.adorable B.ugly C.fierce 6.On mornings,drivers should turn on fog lights to ensure safety. A.foggy B.sunny C.rainy 7.Tom is so that he often invites classmates to his birthday parties. A.outgoing B.shy C.quiet 8.You need to the charger into the socket before charging your phone. A.plug B.break C.disconnect 9.The_of the machine are carefully checked before it leaves the factory. A.components B.wholes C.totals 10.Theare important organs for breathing;they help take in oxygen. A.lungs B.eyes C.hands 二、 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1.You can get an i response by calling the hotline instead of sending an email. 2.P to the concert,all audience members must show their tickets at the entrance. 3.The housing ehas a park,a supermarket,and a primary school for residents. 4.The little cat looks so a that I want to take it home. 5.Don't forget to pthe TV out when you leave the house to save electricity. 6.Her o_personality helps her make friends quickly in the new school. 6 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Digital humans 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The team(comprise)five engineers and three designers. 2.She(dare)not speak English in public because she is afraid of making mistakes. 3.My brother has no(prior)experience in cooking,so he often burns the food. 4.The medicine's_(component)work together to reduce pain effectively. 5.It was a(fog)morning,so the flight was delayed for two hours. 四、完成句子（每空一词) l.The museum__(由…组成)three exhibition halls and a gift shop. 2. (在…之前)the invention of the telephone,people communicated over long distances by letter. 3.She is an(girl who enjoys organizing activities for her classmates. 4.Smoking is harmful to your_()and may cause serious diseases. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Our school is located in a new housing estate.It (1)(comprise)40 classes and more than 2,000 students.The campus is beautiful,with many trees and flowers.Every morning,students arrive early and start their day with morning reading.Last week,we had a science class about the human body. The teacher explained that the(2)-(lung)are responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. She also showed us a model of a machine and its(3)_(component),which helped usunderstand how it works.After class,some students stayed to ask questions.Our teacher is very (4)-(outgoing), so she answered all questions patiently.Before leaving,she reminded us,"(5)(Prior/Later)to the next class,review today's lesson to prepare for the quiz."On(6)(fog)days,we usually have indoor activities instead of outdoor PE.Last Friday,it was foggy,so we played games in the classroom. Everyone had fun,and the(7)-(pause)between games made us feel relaxed. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A > 选择性必修第二册沪教版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit2 Digital humans二 IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1.instant 2.Prior 3.estate 4.adorable 5.plug 6.outgoing I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.comprises 2.dares 3.prior 4.components 5.foggy V.完成句子 1.comprises/consists of 2.Prior to 3.outgoing 4.lungs V.语篇填空 1.comprises 2.lungs 3.components 4.outgoing 5.Prior 6.foggy 7.pause 8