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高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
精讲专版
【Unit4】My space二
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
stuff/stfn.东西,物品
download/.daon'laod/v.下载
prefer /prI'f3:(I)/V.较喜欢;喜
downstairs /,daon'steaz/adj.
software/'spftwea(r)/n.软件
欢…多于…
下的
company/'kAmpani//n.公司:商responsibility/rI,sppnsa'brlati/n.
piano /pi'enu/n.钢琴
号
职责:义务:任务
talent/'taeln/n.天才:天资:天load/1ad/v.(把大量…)装
arrange /a'remd/v.整理;排列;
赋
上,装入
布置
curtain/'k3tn/n.窗帘
file /far/n.文件
poster /'pausta(r)/n.海报:招贴
gather/gea(t)/v.搜集;聚集;percentage /p3'sentid3/n.百分extremely/k'stri:mli/adv.极其;
召集
率:百分比
极端:非常
data/dete/n.数据;资料
recommend/rek3'mend/v.推荐slightly/'slartli/adv.稍微;略微
词义辨析及同义替换
1.
recommend/,rek3'mend/V.推荐
词义辨析:
recommend:侧重“基于了解或经验,正式地建议或推荐”,语气较正式,常用搭配recommend
sth.to sb.recommend doing sth.
suggest:语气较随意,可表示“提议、建议”,后接名词、动名词或hat从句(从句用虚拟语气
should+-动词原形,should可省略)。
同义替换:
suggest,advise
例句:
My teacher recommended this novel to all of us.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
The tour guide
us to visit the museum in the afternoon
A.refused
B.recommended C.prevented(答案:B)
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
2.prefer /pri'f3:r)/v.较喜欢;喜欢…多于…
词义辨析:
prefer:强调“两者中更偏爱某一方”,常用搭配prefer A to B(比起B更喜欢A)或prefer doing
sth.
lik:泛指“喜欢”,程度较弱,无比较含义,后接名词、动名词或不定式。
同义替换:
favor,would rather
例句:
She prefers tea to coffee
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试)
-Which sport do you
,swimming or running?
-I like swimming better
A.prefer B.hate C.forget
(答案:A)
3.gather/'gear)/V.搜集;聚集:召集
词义辨析:
gahr:指“将分散的人或物聚集到一起”,可用于具体事物(如数据、物品)或抽象概念(如
信息、人群)。
collect:侧重“有目的、有计划地收集”,常与具体物品(如邮票、数据)搭配,强调系统性。
同义替换:
collect,assemble
例句:
We need to gather data for the research project
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
The teacher
all the students in the classroom to announce the news.
A.gathered B.divided C.separated(答案:A)
4.arrange/'remnd3/V.整理;排列:布置
词义辨析:
arrange:侧重“按顺序或计划整理、安排”,可用于具体物品(如书本、桌椅)或抽象事物(如
计划、会议),常用搭配arrange sth.(for sb,)或arrange to do sth.。
organize:强调“系统地组织、安排”,涉及更复杂的结构或活动,如组织活动、会议等。
同义替换:
organize,sort out
例句:
She arranged the books on the shelf neatly.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试)
My mother helped me my bedroom before the guests arrived.
2
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
A.destroy
B.arrange
C.abandon
(答案:B)
5.slightly/'slartli/adv.稍微;略微
词义辨析:
slightly:强调“程度轻微、微小”,修饰形容词或副词,表示“一点点”。
a little:与slightly含义相近,但更口语化,可直接修饰形容词或名词(如a little water)。
同义替换:
a little,somewhat
例句:
The temperature dropped slightly last night
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
This shirt is
too big for me.Can I try a smaller size?
A.extremely B.slightly C.completely(答案:B)
6.extremely/ik'strimli/adv.极其;极端;非常
词义辨析:
extremely:强调“程度极高、达到极端”,语气强烈,修饰形容词或副词。
vety:普通用词,语气较弱,用于加强形容词或副词的程度。
同义替换:
very,highly
例句:
The movie was extremely interesting,so I watched it twice
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试)
It was
cold yesterday,so we stayed at home.
A.slightly
B.extremely C.hardly
(答案:B)
7.company/'kmp3ni/n.公司;商号
词义辨析:
company:泛指“公司、商号”,是商业组织的统称,规模可大可小。
fim:尤指“小型公司、商行”,侧重“合伙人或小型企业”。
同义替换:
firm,corporation
例句:
His father works in a software company.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
This
was founded in 2000 and has become very successful.
A.school
B.company
,C.hospital(答案:B)
3
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
8.file /farl/n.文件
词义辨析:
file:指“计算机中的文件”或“纸质文件、档案”,强调“按顺序保存的资料”。
document:侧重“正式的文件、文献”,如合同、报告等,通常具有法律效力或重要性。
同义替换:
document,record
例句:
Please save the file on your computer.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
You need to read this carefully before signing your name
A.file B.letter C.message
(答案:A)
9.talent/'taelnt/n.天才:天资:天赋
词义辨析:
talent::指“天生的才能、天赋”,侧重“在某方面的天生能力”。
git:与talent含义相近,可指“天赋”或“礼物”,更口语化。
同义替换:
gift,ability
例句:
She has a talent for playing the piano.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试)
His
in music was noticed by his teacher when he was young.
A.talent
B.weakness C.fear
(答案:A)
l0.responsibility,sponsa'brlati/n.职责;义务;任务
词义辨析:
responsibility:指“因身份或职位而承担的责任、义务”,强调“应尽的职责”。
dty:侧重“道德或法律上的义务”,如公民义务、工作职责,语气更正式。
同义替换:
duty,obligation
例句:
It's our responsibility to protect the environment.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
As a monitor,one of his
is to help the teacher manage the class.
A.hobbies B.responsibilities C.problems
(答案:B)
11.load /laod/v.(把大量…)装上,装入
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
词义辨析:
load:指“将大量物品装载到交通工具或容器中”,常用搭配load sth.into/onto sth.。
cay:泛指“搬运、携带”,不强调“大量”或“装载”,可指随身携带。
同义替换:
load up,pack
例句:
They loaded the boxes onto the truck.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习)
Please help me
the books into the car
A.load B.throw C.sell
(答案:A)
12.data/deta/n.数据:资料
词义辨析:
data:指“通过观察、实验或调查收集的事实、数字等数据”,是不可数名词(也可用作复数,较
正式)。
information:泛指“信息、消息”,范围更广,可指任何形式的知识或消息,不可数名词。
同义替换:
information,facts
例句:
We need to analyze the data before making a decision.
真题链接:(沪教版高中必修第一册单元测试)
The scientists spent months collecting
for their research.
A.data B.stories C.pictures
(答案:A)
综合演练
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.Our teacher
us to read this article for extra practice.
A.refused
B.recommended
C.prevented
2.-Which color do you
,red or blue?
-I like blue better.
A.prefer
5
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
B.hate
C.forget
3.The students
in the school hall to listen to the lecture.
A.gathered
B.divided
C.separated
4.My mother helped me
the books on the shelf before the guests arrived.
A.destroy
B.arrange
C.abandon
5.The weather was
cold yesterday,so we stayed indoors all day.
A.slightly
B.extremely
C.hardly
6.This
was founded in 1998 and has grown into a large enterprise.
A.school
B.company
C.hospital
7.You need to save the
before closing the computer.
A.file
B.letter
C.message
8.Her
in painting was discovered when she was only five years old.
A.talent
B.weakness
C.fear
二、根据句意及首字母提示填空
1.The tour guide rus to try the local special food
2.She p_coffee to tea because she thinks coffee is more energetic.
3.We need to g more information about the project before making a decision.
4.Could you a the meeting for next Monday?I'm busy this week
5.The dress is s too long for me.Can I change a smaller size?
6
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
6.The movie was eboring,so I left the cinema early.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He has a(talent)for music and can play the piano very well.
2.It is our(responsible)to keep the classroom clean and tidy.
3.They spent three days(gather)data for the research.
4.The workers (load)the goods onto the truck just now.
5.She(prefer)to stay at home rather than go out on weekends.
四、完成句子(每空一词)
1.我的老师向我推荐了一本关于历史的书。
My teachera book about historyme.
2.比起看电视,我更喜欢读书。
I readingwatching TV.
3.我们需要收集更多的数据来支持这个结论。
We need tomore_to support the conclusion.
4.他的主要职责之一是整理办公室文件。
One of his main_is to_the office files.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
John works in a software(1)(company/firm).His daily work includes(2)(gathering/collecting)
data and arranging files.He (3)_(prefers/likes)to work in the morning because he feels more
energetic.Last week,his manager(4)(recommended/suggested)him to attend a training course
John was(5)(extremely/slightly)happy because he wanted to improve his skills.After the course,
he could(6)(load/cary)out histasksmore efficiently.His colleaguespraisedhis(7)(talent/gift)
for learning new things quickly.
参考答案
高中必修第一册沪教版
【精讲专版】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
I.单项选择
1.B2.A3.A4.B5.B6B7.A8.A
Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空
1.recommended 2.prefers 3.gather 4.arrange 5.slightly
6.extremely
I.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.talent 2.responsibility 3.gathering
4.loaded 5.prefers
V.完成句子
1.recommended;to 2.prefer;to 3.gather;data 4.responsibilities;arrange
V语篇填空
1.company 2.gathering 3.prefers 4.recommended 5.extremely
6.carry
7.talent
8