Unit 2 Things that matter一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 精讲专版 【Unit2】Things that matter 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 *sentimental /sentI'mentl/adj. 私人物品：具有：拥有 好 情感的（非理性的） annoyed/'noId/adj.恼怒的：生abnormal/eb'n3:ml/adj.不正 mirror/nra()/n.镜子 气的：烦恼的 常的：反常的：变态的：畸形的 jazz/d3ez/n.爵士乐 friction/'firk/n.分歧；不合 *hazardous/'haezadas/adj.危险 tank /taenk/n.(贮放液体或气体 temporary/'temprari/adj.短暂的：有害的 的)箱，槽，罐 的：暂时的：临时的 purse/p3sn.钱包，皮夹子（尤 *reluctant/r'lAktant/adj.不情resist/r'zIst/v.抵制；阻挡 指女用的) 愿的：勉强的 load1ad/n.大量：许多：（责licence/'larsns/n.许可；执照 primitive/'primatrv//adj.原始的：任或忧虑的)沉重感；负载：负diamond/daramend/n.金刚石： 远古的 荷 钻石 permanent/'p3 manant/adj.永*currency/'kAransi/n.通用；流receptionist/r'sep3nIst/n.接待 久的：永恒的：长久的 行：流传：货币 员 possession/p3'zej/n.个人财产：tendency/'tendansi/n.倾向；偏 词义辨析及同义替换 1. permanent/'p3 manent/adj.永久的；永恒的：长久的 词义辨析： permanent: 强调状态或结果的“永久性、不可改变”，如长期的职位、永久的定居。 temporary:表示“短暂的、临时的”，与permanent互为反义词，如临时工作、短期停留。 同义替换： lasting,enduring 例句： This is a permanent solution to the problem,not just a temporary one. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） The company offers both permanent and positions for new graduates. A.temporary B.permanent C.abnormal (答案：A) 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 2.temporary/'temprari//adj.短暂的；暂时的；临时的 词义辨析： temporary: 侧重“持续时间短、非长期存在”，如临时住所、短期合同。 permanent:表示“永久的、长期的”，是temporary的反义词。 同义替换： transient,short-term 例句： She took a temporary job to earn money while studying 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册单元测试） Due to the construction,the library will be closed for a period A.permanent B.temporary C.hazardous (答案：B) 3.annoyed/A'noId/adj.恼怒的：生气的；烦恼的 词义辨析： annoyed:侧重因他人行为或小事引起的“轻微恼怒、烦躁”，程度较轻。 ngy:语气更强，指“愤怒、发怒”，常因不公或严重冒犯引发。 同义替换： irritated,bothered 例句： He was annoyed by the constant noise from the neighbors. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The customer became when the receptionist ignored his request A.amused B.annoyed C.reluctant(答案：B) 4.reluctant/r'IAktant//adj.不情愿的；勉强的 词义辨析： reluctant:强调主观上“内心不愿做某事，但可能被迫为之”，后常接不定式。 unwilling:与reluctant含义相近，但更直接，侧重“拒绝或不愿配合”。 同义替换： unwilling,hesitant 例句： She was reluctant to accept the invitation because she was busy. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册语法填空） He was (reluctant)to admit his mistake in front of the class (答案：reluctant) 5.resist/r1'zIst/v.抵制：阻挡 词义辨析： resist:侧重“主动抵抗、抵制（诱惑、压力或攻击）”，如抵制诱惑、反抗压迫。 refuse:表示“拒绝（请求、建议）”，直接否定某事，不涉及对抗性。 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 同义替换： oppose,withstand 例句： It's hard to resist the temptation of eating chocolate. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） The villagers tried to 1 the enemy's attack with simple weapons. A.resist B.accept C.load (答案：A) 6.abnormal/eb'n3:ml/adj.不正常的：反常的：变态的：畸形的 词义辨析： abnormal:指偏离常规或标准的“反常、异常”，如异常天气、生理畸形（中性或略带贬义）。 normal:表示“正常的、常规的”，是abnormal的反义词。 同义替换： unusual,irregular 例句： The test results showed some abnormal changes in his blood. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册词汇运用） It is for a child of three to speak five languages fluently A.normal B.abnormal C.primitive (答案：B) 7.hazardous/'haezadas/adj.危险的：有害的 词义辨析： hazardous:强调“有潜在风险或危害”，如危险的工作环境、有毒物质。 dangerous:含义更广，泛指“可能造成伤害的危险”，可修饰人、物或行为。 同义替换： dangerous,perilous 例句： Working in a chemical factory without protection is hazardous to health. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The sign warns that the area is and no entry is allowed. A.safe B.hazardous C.permanent(答案：B) 8.possession /p3'ze/n.个人财产；私人物品：具有：拥有 词义辨析： possession:侧重“个人拥有的具体物品”，常用复数形式possessions;也可指“拥有权”。 property:泛指“财产、资产”，包括不动产（如房屋）和动产，更正式。 同义替换： belongings,property 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 例句： She lost all her possessions in the fire. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） The thief stole valuable from the house,including a diamond necklace. A.possessions B.licences C.frictions (答案：A) 9.friction/'frikfn/n.分歧：不合 词义辨析： friction:指人与人或群体间的“意见分歧、矛盾冲突”，强调关系不和谐。 conflict:语气更强，指“严重冲突、斗争”，如战争、激烈争论。 同义替换： disagreement,conflict 例句： There was friction between the two teams over the division of tasks. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） Cultural differences sometimes lead to between family members. A.harmony B.friction C.tendency (答案：B) l0.tendency/'tendansi/n.倾向：偏好 词义辨析： tendency:指人或事物的“内在倾向、发展趋势”，如性格倾向、社会趋势。 trend:侧重“流行趋势、普遍走向”，如时尚潮流、经济趋势。 同义替换： inclination,trend 例句： She has a tendency to talk too much when nervous. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册写作） Nowadays,there is a growingfor young people to study abroad. A.tendency B.friction C.currency(答案：A) ll.currency/'kAransi/n.通用：流行；流传：货币 词义辨析： currency(通用/流行)：指“观念、词语等的广泛传播或接受”，如某理论的流行。 popularity:侧重“受欢迎程度”，如明星的人气、产品的普及度。 同义替换： prevalence,popularity 例句： The idea gained wide currency among environmentalists. 4 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The term"online education"has achieved great in recent years. A.currency B.friction C.tendency (答案：A) l2.licence/'larsns/n.许可；执照 词义辨析： licence:指官方颁发的“许可证、执照”，如驾驶执照、经营许可证（英式拼写：美式为license)。 permission:表示“允许、许可”，侧重口头或非正式的同意，如请求许可。 同义替换： permit,authorization 例句： You need a licence to drive a car in this country. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第三册词汇运用） The restaurant was closed because it lacked a valid A.licence B.possession C.purse (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The company offers both full-time and positions for seasonal workers. A.permanent B.temporary C.abnormal 2.She was_ to wake up early on weekends,but she had to attend the training A.reluctant B.annoyed C.hazardous 3.The doctor said his heart rate was,so further tests were needed. A.normal B.abnormal C.temporary 4.It's hard to the urge to check your phone every five minutes. A.resist B.refuse 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 C.accept 5.The_ of personal data without permission is against the law. A.currency B.possession C.tendency 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Smoking is h to health and can cause lung disease 2.The new policy has gained wide c_among young professionals. 3.They lost all their p in the flood and had to start over. 4.There was f between the two departments over budget allocation. 5.You need a valid 1 to operate a restaurant in this city. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He was (annoy)by the constant interruptions during the meeting. 2.The team showed a strong(tend)to win in the final minutes of the game. 3.She (reluctant)agreed to help after much persuasion. 4.The old building has stood for a century and become a(permanent)landmark. 5.The (abnormal)high temperatures this summer have broken records. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他勉强同意在会上发言，但内心并不情愿。 He to speak at the meeting,but he was not willing. 2.这个地区因存在危险化学品而被封锁。 The area was blocked because of 3.她抵制住了购买新款手机的诱惑，决定存钱。 She to buy the new phone and decided to save money. 4.近年来，在线学习的趋势越来越明显。 There is a growing online learning in recent years. 6 高中沪教版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第三册 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The small town faced a (temporary/permanent)water shortage last month.Local residents were (annoy/annoyed)by the daily interruptions but(reluctant/resisted)to complain publicly.The government warned that the situation was (hazardous/abnormal)due to po- tential health risks.To solve the problem,engineers worked to(resist/refuse)the spread of contamination.Over time,the crisis eased,and the idea of water conservation gained (cur- rency/tendency)among the townspeople. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3B4.A5.B Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.hazardous 2.currency 3.possessions 4.friction 5.licence I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.annoyed 2.tendency 3.reluctantly 4.permanent 5.abnormally V.完成句子 1.reluctantly agreed 2.hazardous chemicals 3.resisted the temptation 4.tendency towards V.语篇填空 1.temporary 2.annoyed 3.reluctant 4.hazardous 5.resist 6.currency 7