Unit 2 Making a difference二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（沪教版）

高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference Unit 2 【Unit2】Making a difference 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 bin /bmn/n.垃圾箱 access/aekses/n.(使用或见到的：深信的：确信的 widespread/'wadspred/adj.分的)机会：权利：通道；入径 opposing'paUz四/adj.相反的： 布广的：普遍的：广泛的 dormitory/'do:matri/n.集体宿极不相同的 intention/m'ten/n/n.打算；计舍 marathon/'mera0an/n.马拉松 划：意图；目的 perspective /pa'spektiv/n.态度；赛跑 energy-efficient/,.enad3iI'fnt/观点；思考方法 sponsor/'sppnsa(t)/n.赞助者： adj.节能的 defend/d'fend/v.保护；防御 赞助商：V赞助：资助 appointment/A'p3 ntmant/.n.约violence/'varalans/n.暴力；暴enthusiasm/m'oju:ziazom/n.热 会；预约：约定 行 情：热心 dentist/dentist/n.牙科医生 campaign /kaem'peIm/V.参加运rewarding'w:du/adj.值得 skip /skip/v.跳绳 动：n.运动（为社会、商业等目的做的 contest/'kontest//n.比赛；竞赛 而进行的一系列有计划的活动)transform /traens'f6m/v.使改 barbecue/ba:bikju:/n.户外烧*conserve /kan's3v/v.节省；节观：使改变形态 烤 约 stretch/stretf/v.伸展；拉长；撑 garbage/'ga:brd3/n.(生活)垃habitat/'hab/n.(动植物的) 大 圾；废物 生活环境：栖息地 involve/m'volv/v.加入：牵涉到 ban /baen/v.明令禁止；取缔：n.essay/ese/n.文章；论说文 禁令 convinced /kan'nst/adj.坚信 词义辨析及同义替换 1. ban /baen/v.明令禁止；取缔；n.禁令 词义辨析： ban:指官方或权威机构正式“明令禁止”，语气较强，搭配ban sth.ban doing sth.,如法律、规 定层面的禁止。 forbid:侧重个人或相对非正式场合的“禁止”，主语多为人，搭配forbid sb.to do sth.。 同义替换： 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference prohibit,forbid 例句： The government has banned single-use plastics to protect the environment. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） Smoking in public places in many cities. A.is banned B.forbids C.allows (答案：A) 2.conserve/kan's3v/V.节省；节约 词义辨析： conserve:强调“节约资源、保护自然”，尤指对能源、水、森林等的合理利用以避免浪费，如 conserve energy(节约能源)。 save:含义更广，可指“节省金钱、时间”，也可指“挽救生命”，日常使用更普遍。 同义替换： save,preserve 例句： We should conserve water by turning off the tap when brushing teeth. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） It's important to natural resources for future generations. A.waste B.conserve C.ignore (答案：B) 3.involve/m'volv/v.加入：牵涉到 词义辨析： involve:侧重“使参与、牵涉”，常搭配involve sb.in sth.(使某人参与某事)或involve doing h.(需要做某事)。 include:指“包含、包括”，表示某物是整体的一部分，搭配include sth.。 同义替换： engage,participate in 例句： The project involves students from different grades working together 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册期中复习题） Learning a language practicing speaking every day. A.involves B.includes 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference C.excludes (答案：A) 4.perspective /p3'spektiv/n.态度；观点：思考方法 词义辨析： perspective:指从特定角度看待事物的“观点、视角”，强调个人的认知方式，如from ahistorical perspective(从历史角度). view:普通用词，指对某事的“看法、见解”，可与opinion互换，搭配in one's view(在某人看 来)。 同义替换： view,opinion 例句： Her perspective on environmental protection was influenced by her childhood in the countryside 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读填空） We need to consider the problem from a new (答案：perspective) 5.transform /traens'fom/v.使改观：使改变形态 词义辨析： transform:指“彻底改变形态、外观或性质”，强调变化的程度大，搭配transform sth.into sth (把某物变成某物) change:普通用词，泛指“改变”，可指任何形式的变化，程度可轻可重。 同义替换： convert,alter 例句： The old factory was transformed into a modern art gallery. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元练习） Technology has the way we communicate. A.transformed B.kept C.stopped (答案：A) 6.convinced /kan'vnst/adj.坚信的：深信的；确信的 词义辨析： convinced:指“坚信不疑的”，搭配be convinced of sth.或be convinced that.,强调主观上的坚 定信念。 certain:侧重“确定的、无疑的”，语气较客观，搭配be certain of/about sth.或be certain to do sth.。 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference 同义替换： sure,confident 例句： She was convinced that she could win the contest with hard work 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册写作范文） I am that protecting wildlife is our duty. (答案：convinced) 7.access./'aekses/n.(使用或见到的)机会：权利：通道：入径 词义辨析： accessa:指“使用/进入的权利或机会”，是不可数名词，搭配have access to sth.(有机会使用某 物)。 entrance: 指具体的“入口、门口”，是可数名词，搭配entrance to..(…的入口)。 同义替换： entry,opportunity 例句： All students have access to the school library after class. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解） The website provides free to educational resources. A.access B.entrance C.exit (答案：A) 8.defend/d'fend/v.保护；防御 词义辨析： defend:指“保卫、防御”，对抗攻击或威胁，搭配defend sb./sth.against/from(保护…免受 …)。 protect:普通用词，指“保护、防护”，使免受伤害或危险，搭配protect sb/sth.fom。 同义替换： protect,guard 例句： We must defend our habitat against pollution 真题链接： (沪教版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空) The soldiers worked hard to the country from enemies. A.attack B.defend C.abandon (答案：B) 4 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference 9.widespread/'waidspred/adj.分布广的：普遍的：广泛的 词义辨析： widespread:指“分布广泛的、普遍存在的”，强调范围广，如widespread concern(广泛关注)。 common: 指“常见的、普遍的”，侧重事物因频繁发生而不罕见。 同义替换： common,universal 例句： There is widespread support for the ban on plastic bags 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试） use of smartphones has changed people's lives. A.Widespread B.Rare C.Limited (答案：A) l0.intention/m'tenn/n.打算；计划：意图；目的 词义辨析： intention:指“主观的意图、打算”，强调内心的想法，搭配have the intention to do sth.(打算做 某事)。 purpose: 指“目的、目标”，侧重做某事的最终意图，搭配on purpose(故意地)。 同义替换： purpose,aim 例句： Her intention to join the campaign was to raise awareness about climate change. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册写作练习） What is your for learning English? (答案：intention) ll.rewarding /rI'w:dm/adj.值得做的 词义辨析： rewarding:指“值得做的、有意义的”，强调从某事中获得满足感或回报，如a rewarding job(有 意义的工作)。 worthwhile:含义相近，可替换使用，搭配it is worthwhile to do sth.(做某事值得)。 同义替换： worthwhile,satisfying 例句： Volunteering in the community is a rewarding experience. 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解） Many people find teaching a career. A.boring B.rewarding C.difficult (答案：B) l2.stretch/stret/v.伸展：拉长：撑大 词义辨析： stretch:指“伸展身体、拉长物体”，强调通过动作使身体或物体变长、变宽，如stretch one's legs (伸展双腿)。 extend:指“延伸、扩展”，可指空间、时间或范围的延长，如extend a deadline(延长截止日期)。 同义替换： extend,reach 例句： You should stretch before doing exercise to avoid injury. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The road for miles through the forest. A.stretches B.breaks C.stops (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The local government has the use of plastic bags in supermarkets to reduce pollution A.banned B.forbidden C.allowed 2.It is our duty to natural resources such as water and forests for future generations. A.waste B.conserve C.ignore 3.Learning a foreign language practicing listening,speaking,reading,and writing every day. 6 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference A.involves B.includes C.excludes 4.We should look at this problem from a historical to fully understand its causes. A.view B.perspective C.opinion 5.The Internet has the way people communicate with each other completely. A.transformed B.changed C.altered 6.She is that her hard work will lead to success in the final exam. A.convinced B.certain C.sure 7.All students in this school have free to the online library resources. A.access B.entrance C.entry 8.The soldiers are trained tothe country against any foreign attack. A.protect B.defend C.guard 9.There is concern about the effects of climate change on global food production. A.common B.widespread C.universal 10.My for studying abroad is to learn about different cultures and improve my language skills A.intention B.purpose C.aim 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The new law will (明令禁止)smoking in all indoor public places. > 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference 2.We should (energy by turning off lights when leaving a room 3.The project (牵涉到)researchers from three different universities. 4.From a child's(视角)，the world is full of wonder and excitement. 5.The old village has been (改造)into a popular tourist attraction. 6.She is (坚信的)that honesty is the best policy in any relationship. 7.The company provides easy_(使用机会)to its online customer service system, 8.Parents should (their children from harmful information online. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The government has taken action to (ban)single-use plastics in restaurants. 2.It is important for everyone to(conserve)water in daily life. 3.The job _(involve)working with a team of experts from different fields. 4.From an environmental(perspective),this policy will have long-term benefits 5.Technology has (transform)the way we learn and work over the past decade 6.She is (convince)that her team will win the competition with hard work. 7.Students in this school have free access to (vary)educational resources online. 8.The police were sent to (defend)the community against the threat of flooding. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.政府已禁止在公共场所吸烟。 The government has in public places. 2.我们应该节约用水，以确保未来有足够的水资源。 We should to ensure enough water resources for the future. 3.这个项目需要学生们合作完成一项科学实验。 The project students on a science experiment. 4.从经济角度来看，这项政策将促进当地就业。 an economic this policy will promote local employment. P 高中选择性必修第一册沪教版 【Unit2】 Making a difference 5.互联网已经彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式。 The Internet has we get information completely. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Environmental protection has become a(1)(widespread/common)concern worldwide.Gov- ernments have (2)(ban/forbid)the use of harmful chemicals to reduce pollution.To (3) (conserve/save)natural resources,many people choose to use public transport instead of pri- vate cars Learning about environmental issues(4)(involves/includes)understanding how human activ- ities affect the planet.From a global (5)(perspective/view),small actions like recycling can make a big difference.Many communities have (6) _(transformed/changed)waste into useful resources through new technologies.People are(7). (convinced/certain)that working together will create a better future for the earth. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3.A4.B5.A6.A7.A 8.B9B10.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.ban 2.conserve 3.involves 4.perspective 5.transformed 6.convinced 7.access 8.defend I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.ban 2.conserve 3.involves 4.perspective 5.transformed 6.convinced 7.various 8.defend V.完成句子 1.banned smoking 2.conserve water 3.involves;working together 4.From;perspective 5.transformed the way V.语篇填空 1.widespread 2.banned 3.conserve 4.involves 5.perspective 6.transformed 7.con- vinced 9