Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson1-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 词汇精讲 【Unit9】Human Biology Lesson1 词义辨析及综合训练 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 clone /klaon//t.克隆，使无性繁forever /fa'reva/adv.永远；长久感，激情 殖：n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁地 crucial/'ku/adj.至关重要的， 殖的个体 primate/'praimert/.hn.灵长目动 关键性的 edit'edit/i.&t.编辑，编校；物 bound /baond/adj.很有可能，肯 剪辑，剪接 ape/ep/m.猿 定会 gene/din/m.基因 comparison /kam'perisn/m.比较ethical/e0ikl/adj.关于伦理的： artificially/,atr'frli/adv.人为reproductive/.ri:pra'd ktrv/adj..合乎道德的 地，虚假地 繁殖的，生殖的 nere /mIa/ad.仅仅，只不过；极 barrier/'bri/m.障碍，壁垒 wholly /haulli/adv.完全地 小的，极不重要的 identical/ar'dentikl/adj.完全相clue/klu:n.线索，提示 inferior/m'fieria/adj.低级别的， 同的，非常相似的 accurate/aekjarat/adj.准确的，下级的：差的，次的 twin /twin/h.双胞胎中的一个 正确的 abuse/A'bju:z/vt.滥用，妄用：虐 mammal/meml/m.哺乳动物 treatment/'tri:tmnt/n.诊疗，治待：Abju:sn.滥用；虐待 camel/'keml/m.骆驼 疗，疗法：对待方式 blessing/bles/h.福气，幸运 cattle/'ketl/n.牛 provoke /pra3'vwk/W.激起，引起curse/k3sh.祸因，祸根；诅咒， goat/gawt/n.山羊 emotion'man/m.强烈的情咒语 词义辨析及同义替换 1. identical/ar'dentik/adj.完全相同的，非常相似的 词义辨析： identical:强调“在各个方面完全一致”，可用于描述事物或人，语气较强，常用搭配be identical to/with similar:指“相似的、类似的”，侧重有共同特征但并非完全一样，语气较弱，搭配be similar to。 同义替换： same,alike 例句： 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 The two sisters are identical twins,so even their parents sometimes can't tell them apart. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习） These two paintings are so that I can hardly find any differences. A.similar B.identical C.different (答案：B) 2.accurate/aekjarat/adj.准确的，正确的 词义辨析： accurate: 侧重“精确无误”，强调与事实或标准完全一致，常用于描述数据、信息、测量等。 correct:指“正确的、没有错误的”，使用范围更广，可用于描述答案、行为、判断等。 同义替换： precise,exact 例句： The scientist needs accurate data to support his research. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3单元测试） Your answer is,but there are still some small mistakes in your grammar. A.correct B.accurate C.wrong(答案：A) 3.crucial/ku:/adj.至关重要的，关键性的 词义辨析： crucial:强调“对结果或过程起决定性作用的”，语气强烈，常用搭配be crucial to/for。 important:指“重要的”，语气较缓和，使用范围广泛，可用于描述人、事物或事件。 同义替换： vital,essential 例句： Teamwork is crucial to the success of this project 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3期中测试) It is for students to develop good learning habits from an early age. A.crucial B.impossible C.easy (答案：A) 4.ethical/'e0rk/adj.关于伦理的：合乎道德的 词义辨析： ethical:侧重“符合道德准则或伦理标准的”，常与哲学、医学、科技等领域的道德问题相关。 moral:指“道德的、有道德的”，强调个人或社会的道德观念，可用于描述行为、品质等。 同义替换： moral,virtuous 例句： The ethical debate about cloning has lasted for many years. 2 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读拓展） Do you think it is to use animals for scientific experiments? A.ethical B.funny C.unimportant (答案：A) 5.abuse /a'bju:zt.滥用，妄用：虐待：/a'bju:s/n.滥用：虐待 词义辨析： bus(动词)：作“滥用”时，宾语常为权力、药物、语言等：作“虐待”时，宾语常为人或动 物。 misuse:指“误用、滥用”，侧重使用方式错误或不当，语气较abuse稍轻。 同义替换： misuse,mistreat 例句： He was arrested for abusing his power to get money. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3词汇练习） Some people antibiotics,which leads to the problem of drug resistance. A.abuse B.use C.save (答案：A) 6.barrier/beri/m.障碍，壁垒 词义辨析： barrier:指“阻碍前进或发展的障碍物”，可指具体的障碍物，也可指抽象的障碍，如语言障碍、 文化壁垒等。 obstacle:强调“需要克服的困难或障碍”，语气较barrier更正式，常用搭配overcome obstacles。. 同义替换： obstacle,hindrance 例句： Language is not a barrier to communication if we are willing to learn. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3完形填空） Lack of confidence is the biggest to her success A.barrier B.help C.reason (答案：A) 7.treatment/'tri:tm3nt/m.诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 词义辨析： treatment:作“治疗”时，指针对疾病的具体疗法或过程；作“对待方式”时，指对人或事物的 态度和行为。 cure:侧重“治愈疾病的方法或药物”，强调结果，即疾病被治愈。 同义替换： therapy,handling 例句： The new treatment has helped many patients recover from the disease. 3 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读理解） What is the most effective for this kind of cancer? A.treatment B.operation C.medicine (答案：A) 8.provoke /pr3'vak/W.激起，引起 词义辨析： provoke:指“激起强烈的情感、反应或冲突”，语气较强，常含贬义，如激起愤怒、争论等。 arouse::指“引起兴趣、注意、情感等”，语气较温和，使用范围更广，如引起好奇心、同情等。 同义替换： arouse,trigger 例句： His rude words provoked a quarrel between them. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3语法填空） The funny story laughter from the audience A.provoked B.stopped C.prevented (答案：A) 9.bound /baond/adj.很有可能，肯定会 词义辨析： bound(be bound to):强调“根据逻辑或情况判断，某事肯定会发生”，后接动词原形。 certain(be certain to):指“确定的、肯定的”，语气较bound更直接，主语可以是人或事物。 同义替换： certain,sure 例句： If you work hard,you are bound to succeed. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3单选练习） She has studied very hard,so she pass the exam A.is bound to B.is afraid to C.is ready to(答案：A) l0.nere /mia/ad.仅仅，只不过：极小的，极不重要的 词义辨析： mere:强调“仅仅、只不过”，用于修饰名词，起强调作用，常含“不重要或微不足道”的意味。 oy:指“唯一的、仅仅的”，使用范围更广，可修饰名词、动词等，侧重数量或范围上的限制。 同义替换： only,just 例句： It is a mere coincidence that we met here. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3完形填空） He is not a friend;he is my best friend. A.mere B.real C.good (答案：A) 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 ll.inferior/i'fieria/adj.低级别的，下级的：差的，次的 词义辨析： inferior:指“质量、等级等比另一事物差的”，常用搭配be inferior to,反义词是superior。 worse:是bad的比较级，指“更坏的、更差的”，用于两者之间的比较。 同义替换： lower,poorer 例句： This kind of cloth is inferior to that one in quality. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读理解） Some people think that online education is to traditional education A.inferior B.superior C.equal (答案：A) l2.forever /f3'reva/adv.永远；长久地 词义辨析： forever:强调“时间上的无限延续”，语气较强，常用于文学作品或情感表达。 always:指“总是、一直”，强调动作或状态的习惯性、经常性。 同义替换： eternally,always 例句： Our friendship will last forever. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3词汇运用） He promised to love her_ A.forever B.sometimes C.never (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The twins have personalities-they even like the same hobbies and movies. A.identical B.similar C.different 2.The experiment requires measurements to ensure reliable results. A.correct B.accurate 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 C.wrong 3.Good communication skills are for building strong relationships with others. A.crucial B.impossible C.easy 4.Medical researchers must consider issues when developing new treatments. A.ethical B.funny C.unimportant 5.Overusing painkillers is a form of drug and can harm your health A.abuse B.use C.save 6.Cultural differences can sometimes act as a to mutual understanding A.barrier B.help C.reason 7.The doctor recommended a new for her skin condition after the previous one failed. A.treatment B.cure C.medicine 8.His careless remarks a heated argument among the team members A.provoked B.stopped C.prevented 9.If you keep practicing every day,you are to improve your English pronunciation. A.bound B.afraid C.ready 10.This painting is not a copy,it is an original work by the artist. A.mere B.real C.good 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 6 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 1.The two phones are i in design,but one has a larger screen. 2.Please make sure your answers are a before submitting the test paper. 3.It is c that we finish the project on time to meet the deadline. 4.The company faced ecriticism for using child labor in its factories. 5.The a of social media has led to many mental health problems among teenagers 6.Language is no longer a b with the help of translation apps. 7.The patient responded well to the new t and was discharged from hospital 8.The politician's speech was intended to p support for his new policy. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The data collected from the survey must be(accuracy)to avoid errors in the report. 2.Teamwork is (cruciality)to the success of any group project. 3.She was accused of _(abuse)her position as manager to fire her rival 4.The (treat)for this disease involves a combination of medicine and therapy. 5.His rude behavior(provoke)anger among the audience at the meeting. 6.You are (bound)to succeed if you stay focused and work hard. 7.The (ethical)of artificial intelligence has become a hot topic in recent years. 8.This product is of」 (inferior)quality compared to the one we bought last year. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这两个方案在细节上完全相同 The two plans are in details. 2.准确的天气预报对农民来说至关重要。 Accurate weather forecasts are farmers. 3.滥用抗生素会导致严重的健康问题。 antibiotics can lead to serious health problems. 4.文化障碍有时会影响国际交流。 Cultural can sometimes affect international communication > 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 5.新疗法帮助许多患者恢复了健康。 The new has helped many patients recover their health 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Some people believe online education is(inferior)to traditional education because it lacks face-to-face interaction.However,others argue that the flexibility of online learning is(cru- cial)for working students.The debate about its effectiveness has lasted (forever),with no clear conclusion.Teachers must ensure their online courses are (ethically)designed,avoiding (abuse)of technology to track students excessively.For students,self-discipline is the biggest (barrier)to success in online learning-those who manage their time well are (bound) to achieve good results. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.identical 2.accurate 3.crucial 4.ethical 5.abuse 6.barrier 7.treatment 8.provoke I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.accurate 2.crucial 3.abusing 4.treatment 5.provoked 6.bound 7.ethics 8.inferior V.完成句子 1.identical to 2.crucial for 3.Abusing antibiotics 4.barriers 5.treatment V.语篇填空 1.inferior 2.crucial 3.forever 4.ethically 5.abuse 6.barrier 7bound P