Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 2-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（北师大版）

高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 Unit 5:Humans and Nature Lesson 2 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 rescue/reskju/n.&t.营救：救损害 suffering/'sfar/n.(肉体或精 援 measure/me3/t.估量，衡量；神上的)痛苦：折磨 vehicle/'vi:k/n.交通工具，车测量 conduct /kan'dakt/t.实施；进 辆 operation/,Dp3IeIn/n.行动，活行；执行；vi.&t.指挥 ra即pr即/t.困住：使陷于危险动：手术：操作 protection /pr3'tekn/n.保护；防 中 overseas/,va'si:z/adv.在海护 attempt/A'tempt//n.&t.努力，外，在外国 lamp1emp/n.灯 尝试，企图 site/sat/n.场所，地点 nearby/.nie'bar/adv.附近 interrupt/,Inta'rapt/vi.&t.打process/'prauses/n.过程，进程breathe/bri:/vi.&t.呼吸 断讲话 battle/bet/n.较量，竞争：斗breathe in吸气 death/de9/n.死，死亡 争：战斗 dust/dAst/n.灰尘；尘埃 loss1Dsn.丧失：死亡 duty/dju:ti/n.职责，义务；责run out用完；耗尽 damage/'daemId3/n.伤害，损伤，任 词义辨析及同义替换 1.attempt/a'tempt/n.&t.努力，尝试，企图 词义辨析： attempt:侧重指'尝试做困难、危险或可能失败的事”，强调付出努力但不一定成功，可作名词 或动词。 y:含义最广，泛指”尝试做某事”，侧重过程，不强调结果，口语中更常用。 同义替换： try,endeavour 例句： All attempts to climb the mountain failed because of the bad weather. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） Scientists have made several to find a cure for the disease. 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.attempts B.plans C.promises (答案：A) 2.damage/daemId3n.伤害，损伤，损害 词义辨析： damage:多指对物体或事物的”部分损害”，可修复，也可指抽象的”损失”，是不可数名词。 destroy:强调’彻底破坏，无法修复”，语气更强。 同义替换： harm,injury 例句： The storm caused serious damage to the houses in the village. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） The earthquake left a lot of to the city's infrastructure. A.damage B.destroy C.ruin （答案：A) 3.duty/'dju:ti/n.职责，义务：责任 词义辨析： dty:侧重指”因道德、法律或职位而产生的责任”，强调应尽的义务。 responsibility:含义更广，可指”对自己行为的责任”，也可指'职责范围内的任务”，更强调主动 性。 同义替换： responsibility,obligation 例句： It is our duty to protect the environment 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） As a teacher,her main is to help students learn and grow. A.hobby B.duty C.habit (答案：B) 4.loss/IDs/n.丧失：死亡 词义辨析： 10ss:指”失去某物或某人”，可指具体物品的丢失，也可指抽象的”损失”（如死亡、失败）。 death:仅指”死亡”，是生命的终止，是具体的名词。 同义替换： deprivation,.death(指”死亡，时) 例句： The loss of his father made him very sad 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2阅读训练) The article mainly talks about the caused by the war,including thousands of deaths A.loss B.gain C.success(答案：A) 2 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.process/'prauses/n.过程，进程 词义辨析： process:指”一系列有顺序的步骤或阶段”，强调事物发展的连续性。 course: 侧重指”时间的流逝”或”事件的经过，也可指课程”。 同义替换： procedure,course 例句： Learning a language is a long process. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） The of making a cake usually includes mixing flour,eggs and sugar. A.process B.result C.reason (答案：A) 6.conduct /kan'dkt/vt.实施；进行；执行 词义辨析： conduct: 侧重指”有组织、有计划地进行某项活动”（如实验、调查、活动），主语通常是人或机 构。 carry out: 含义相近，强调”执行计划或任务”，更口语化，常与plan,task等搭配。 同义替换： carry out,perform 例句： The research team will conduct a survey about students'study habits. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） The experiment was by Professor Li and his students last year. A.conducted B.discovered C.invented (答案：A) 7. protection /pr3'tekn/n.保护：防护 词义辨析： protection:指”保护某人或某物免受伤害”，是名词，常用搭配为”protection from/against''。 defence:侧重指”防御外来攻击或危险”，更强调主动性的”抵御'。 同义替换： defence,safeguard 例句： Wearing masks can give us protection against viruses. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2阅读训练） The government has taken measures to provide for endangered animals A.protection B.destruction C.pollution(答案：A) 8.un out用完：耗尽 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： nout:是不及物动词短语，主语通常是”时间、食物、燃料等”，表示”某物被用完”，无被动 语态。 usep:是及物动词短语，主语是人，宾语是”被用完的东西”，可用于被动语态。 同义替换： use up,be exhausted 例句： Our food will run out if we don't go shopping tomorrow 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） If we don't save water,it will one day. A.run out B.come out C.look out(答案：A) 9.attempt'tempt//n.&t.努力，尝试，企图（补充动词用法辨析） 词义辨析（动词用法）： attempt to do sth.:正式用语，侧重”尝试做困难的事，可能失败”。 try to do sth:口语常用，侧重”努力做某事，不一定成功”。 同义替换： try to,endeavour to 例句： He attempted to climb the mountain without any help 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2语法填空） They (attempt)to solve the problem for hours,but still failed. (答案：attempted) l0.interrupt/,mte'rApt/vi.&t.打断讲话 词义辨析： interrupt:指”在他人说话或做事时突然插话或打断”，强调动作的突然性。 disturb:侧重指”打扰他人的安宁或工作'，不一定是打断讲话，可能是噪音、行为等影响。 同义替换： disturb,cut in 例句： Please don't interrupt me when I'm speaking 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） It's impolite to others while they are talking. A.help B.interrupt C.encourage (答案：B) 11.breathe /bri:δ/vi.&t.呼吸 词义辨析： breathe:动词，指”吸入和呼出空气”的动作。 breath:名词，指’一次呼吸的空气”或”呼吸的动作”，常用搭配take a breath”。 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： inhale and exhale 例句： We need to breathe fresh air every day. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2词汇运用） After running for 10 minutes,he stopped to_ deeply. A.breathe B.breath C.breathe in(答案：A) l2.rescue./'reskju:/n.&t.营救；救援 词义辨析： rescue:指”从危险或困境中救出某人或某物”，强调行动的紧急性和目的性。 save:含义更广，可指”拯救生命、节省时间、储存物品”等，使用范围更普遍。 同义替换： save,deliver 例句： Firefighters came to rescue the people trapped in the burning building 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2阅读理解） The story tells us how a dog its owner from drowning in the river. A.rescued B.killed C.ignored (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The team made several to win the game,but they still lost in the end. A.attempts B.plans C.promises 2.The heavy rain caused seriousto the crops in the field. A.damage B.destroy C.ruin 3.As a doctor,his main is to save patients'lives. A.hobby B.duty 5 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.habit 4.The article discusses the of forests and its impact on wildlife A.loss B.gain C.success 5.The of learning to play the piano requires daily practice. A.process B.result C.reason 6.The scientists will a new experiment to test the theory next month A.conduct B.discover C.invent 7.Wearing sunglasses can provide for your eyes from strong sunlight A.protection B.destruction C.pollution 8.If we don't save electricity,it will soon. A.run out B.come out C.look out 9.It's rude to others when they are having a conversation. A.help B.interrupt C.encourage 10.After climbing the mountain,he stopped to deeply. A.breathe B.breath C.breathe in 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The company suffered a great 1because of the economic crisis. 2.The d of a teacher is to guide students to explore knowledge 3.The p of making paper involves cutting down trees and processing wood. 6 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.The government plans to c a survey on people's living conditions. 5.The firemen tried their best to r the child from the burning house. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.They (attempt)to climb the highest mountain in the world last year,but failed due to bad weather 2.The storm caused great(damage)to the coastal villages. 3.It is our (duty)to respect the elderly and help the disabled. 4.The (lose)of her pet dog made her cry for several days. 5.We are in the (process)of moving to a new house,so we are very busy these days. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.保护环境是我们的责任。 It is our to protect the environment. 2.这个实验将由一组专家来实施。 The experiment will be by a group of experts. 3.他父亲的去世让他非常难过。 The of his father made him very sad. 4.如果我们继续浪费水资源，总有一天它会耗尽。 If we continue to waste water,it will one day. 5.学习一门外语是一个漫长的过程。 Learning a foreign language is a long 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 7 高中北师大版必修2 【寒假专版】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Natural disasters often cause great (1) (lose)to human beings.For example,earthquakes can bring serious(2) (damage)to buildings and even lead to many deaths.It is our (3) (duty)to learn how to protect ourselves during such events.The (4)(process)of preparing for disasters includes making emergency plans and storing necessary supplies.Scientists(5) (attempt)to predict earthquakes for many years,but it is still a difficult task.When disasters happen, rescue teams will quickly (6)(conduct)search and rescue operations to save people's lives. Remember,never (7)(interrupt)the rescue work unless you are asked to help.After the disaster,we should help each other to rebuild our homes and overcome the difficulties together. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.B10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.loss 2.duty 3.process 4.conduct 5.rescue I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.attempted 2.damage 3.duty 4.loss 5.process V.完成句子 1.duty 2.conducted 3.loss 4.run out 5.process V.语篇填空 1.loss 2.damage 3.duty 4.process 5have attempted 6.conduct 7.interrupt P