Unit 1 Relationships Topic Talk-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk 词义辨析 【Unit 1】Relationships Topic Talk 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 trait/treit/n.特性，品质 的，好交际的 尔：偶然 niece /ni:s/n.侄女，外甥女 fufu/n.流行性感冒，流感 emotional/'m3uenl/adj.激起 nephew/nefju:/n.侄子，外甥 host/haust/v.主办；做…的东感情的；情感上的 humour/hju:ma/n.幽默感 道主：n.主人；主持人 extremely /ik'stri:mli/adv.极度， passionate/'pe∫nat/adj.热爱incredible/m'kredabl/adj.极好极其 的，酷爱的：具有强烈信念的 的：难以置信的 grateful/'grertfal/adj.感激的， outgoing/,at'gaw四/adj.外向occasionally/A'ke13nali/adv.偶感谢的 词义辨析及同义替换 1. passionate/pent/adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的 词义辨析： passionate:侧重形容对事物有强烈的感情或热情，可用于爱情、兴趣、信念等，程度较深。 enthusiastic:指对某事充满兴趣和积极性，语气较轻松，更侧重外在表现出的热情。 同义替换： enthusiastic,fervent 例句： She is passionate about classical music and practices the piano every day 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步练习） The scientist is about his research and often works late into the night. A.strict B.passionate C.calm ,(答案：B) 2.outgoing/,at'go则/adj.外向的，好交际的 词义辨析： outgoing:形容人性格开朗、乐于与人交往，善于社交。 extroverted:更正式，指心理学上的“外向型”性格，与introverted(内向的)相对。 同义替换： 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk extroverted,sociable 例句： My sister is very outgoing and makes friends easily at school. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元检测） As an person,Tom enjoys attending parties and meeting new people A.outgoing B.silent C.shy(答案：A) 3.incredible/m'kredab/adj.极好的：难以置信的 词义辨析： incredible:既可指“极好的、绝妙的”（口语中），也可指“难以置信的”（强调超出常理）。 unbelievables:侧重“难以相信的”，语气较强，可用于正面或负面语境。 同义替换： unbelievable,amazing 例句： The view from the mountain top is incredible!(极好的) It's incredible that he finished the task in one day..(难以置信的) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1阅读填空） The story sounds,but it's actually true A.incredible B.ordinary C.boring (答案：A) 4. emotional'ma∫anl/adj.激起感情的：情感上的 词义辨析： emotional::指“情感的、情绪的”，可形容人易动情，或事物能引发情感。 sentimental:侧重“多愁善感的、感伤的”，带有怀或过度情绪化的意味。 同义替换： sentimental,affective 例句： The movie has an emotional ending that made many people cry. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1语法填空） She is a very person-she often cries while watching sad movies. A.emotional B.logical C.practical(答案：A) 5.extremely/k'stri:mli/adv.极度，极其 词义辨析： extremely:强调程度“极其、非常”，语气强于vey,可修饰形容词或副词。 highly:侧重“高度地、非常”，常与praise,.successful等词搭配，如highly praised(高度赞扬)。 同义替换： highly,very 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk 例句： It's extremely cold outside,so wear a warm coat. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1完形填空） The task is difficult,but we must try our best to finish it. A.extremely B.slightly C.hardly (答案：A) 6.grateful/'grertfal/adj.感激的，感谢的 词义辨析： grateful:指因得到帮助或好处而“感激的”，后接介词to(人)或for(事物)。 thankful:语气较轻松，指“感谢的、庆幸的”，可用于对小事的感激。 同义替换： thankful,appreciative 例句： I am grateful to my parents for supporting my studies. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1书面表达） We should be to those who help us when we are in trouble. A.grateful B.proud C.confident (答案：A) 7.host /haust/v.主办；做…的东道主；n.主人；主持人 词义辨析（动词义）： host:指“主办”活动、会议或赛事，或“担任东道主”，主语多为国家、城市或机构。 hold:含义更广，可指“举办、举行”（如hold a meeting),也可指“握住、持有”。 同义替换(v.): hold,organize 例句： China will host the Winter Olympics in 2022.( She hosted a talk show on TV.(主持) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1阅读理解) Which city will the next international conference? A.host B.visit C.build (答案：A) 8.occasionally/a'keI3nali/adv.偶尔；偶然 词义辨析： occasionally:指“偶尔、间或”，频率低于sometimes,高于rarely。 sometimes:“有时”，频率适中，位置灵活（句首、句中、句末）。 同义替换： sometimes,once in a while 例句： I occasionally go swimming on weekends when I'm free. 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1语法选择） He eats fast food,but most of the time he cooks at home. A.occasionally B.always C.never (答案：A) 9.trait/trert/n.特性，品质 词义辨析： trait:指人的性格、品质等“特性、特质”，尤指长期形成的特征。 characteristic:更通用，可指人或事物的“特征、特点”，强调区别于其他的标志。 同义替换： characteristic,feature 例句： Honesty is an important trait for a leader 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1词汇运用) One of her best is her willingness to help others. A.traits B.habits C.hobbies(答案：A) 10.host /h3st/n.主人；主持人 词义辨析（名词义）： host(主人)：指招待客人的“主人”，或活动的“主办方”，对应词为guest（客人)。 master:侧重“主人、掌控者”，可指家庭的主人或技艺的大师。 同义替换(n): master,organizer 例句： Our host prepared a delicious dinner for us.( The host of the party welcomed everyone warmly.(主办方) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1完形填空） As the of the meeting,she introduced the guests and started the discussion. A.host B.guest C.listener (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Mary is so about painting that she spends hours in the studio every day. A.passionate B.calm 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk C.strict 2.As an girl,she enjoys meeting new people and joining different clubs at school. A.shy B.outgoing C.silent 3.The story he told us was so that no one believed it at first. A.ordinary B.boring C.incredible 4.My mother is a very person-she always cries during sad movies. A.logical B.emotional C.practical 5.The math problem is difficult,but we need to solve it before the exam. A.slightly B.hardly C.extremely 6.We should be to teachers for their help with our studies. A.proud B.grateful C.confident 7.Which country will the next World Cup? A.host B.visit C.build 8.He eats junk food,preferring home-cooked meals most of the time. A.always B.occasionally C.never 9.Kindness is one of the most important of a good friend. A.habits B.hobbies C.traits 10.As the of the party,she greeted every guest at the door. A.guest 5 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk B.host C.listener 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.She has a pinterest in music and plays the violin every evening. 2.Tom is an o boy who likes talking to everyone in his class. 3.The view from the top of the mountain is i-I've never seen anything so beautiful! 4.The movie's e ending made many people cry in the cinema. 5.It's ehot today,so we should drink more water. 6.I'm g to my friend for lending me his notes before the exam. 7.Our school will h a science fair next month to show students'projects 8.He o goes fishing with his father on weekends when he's free. 9.Honesty is a key t that everyone should have. 10.The h of the show introduced the next performer with a big smile. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is(passion)about dancing and practices for two hours daily. 2.My brother is more (outgoing)than me;he makes friends easily. 3.The news that he won the prize was (incredible)to all of us. 4.She feels (emotional)when she listens to her favorite song. 5.It's(extreme)important to finish the project on time. 6.We are(grateful)to our parents for their love and support. 7.The city (host)the international conference last year. 8.He(occasional)visits his grandparents in the countryside 9.One of her best(trait)is her patience with children 10.The (host)announced the start of the ceremony. 6 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.她对志愿服务充满热情，每周都会去养老院帮忙。 She is volunteering and helps at the nursing home every week. 2.作为一个外向的人，他喜欢参加各种社交活动。 As an person,he enjoys attending various events. 3.他用一天时间完成了这项工作，真是令人难以置信。 It's that he finished the work in one day 4.这部电影有一个感人的结局，让很多观众流泪。 The movie has an ending that made many viewers cry. 5.天气非常冷，我们最好待在家里。 It's cold,so we'd better stay at home. 6.我感谢我的老师帮助我提高英语水平。 I am my teacher for helping me improve my English. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Jane is a 16-year-old student.She is (passion)about reading and spends hours in the library every week.Unlike her quiet sister,Jane is very(outgoing)and loves talking to her classmates about books.Last week,she read a story about a girl who(host)a book club in her neighbor- hood.The story was so(incredible)that Jane decided to start her own book club at school. At first,Jane was (emotional)nervous about talking to strangers,but her friends encouraged her.She made posters andhanded them out (occasional)during lunch breaks.To her surprise many students joined the club.Jane,as the(host),leads the discussions every Friday.She is (extreme)happy to see everyone sharing their ideas.Her teacher says Jane's kindness and enthusiasm are great」 (trait),and she is(grateful)to have such an active student in her class 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.B 3.C4.B5.C6.B7.A8B9.C10.B 7 高中选修1北师大版 【词义辨析精讲】 Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.passionate 2.outgoing 3.incredible 4.emotional 5.extremely 6.grateful 7.host 8.occasionally 9.trait 10.host ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.passionate 2.outgoing 3.incredible 4.emotional 5.extremely 6.grateful 7.hosted 8.occasionally 9.traits 10.host V.完成句子 1.passionate about 2.outgoing:social 3.incredible 4.emotional 5.extremely 6.grateful to V,语篇填空 1.passionate 2.outgoing 3.hosted 4.incredible 5.emotionally 6.occasionally 7.host 8.extremely 9.traits 10.grateful 8