Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Grammar①-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar① 定语从句(二)　关系副词引导的定语从句 ◎框架脉络 ◎感知语法 【回忆温故】 写出下面定语从句引导词(关系代词)在从句所作的成分和指代意义。 ①The man who spoke to me at the meeting is my new boss.主语；指人 ②The book which you recommended to me is very interesting.宾语；指物 ③This is the movie that won the Best Picture award last year.主语；指物 ④The girl whose drawing won the competition is only 10 years old.定语；指“这个女孩的” ⑤The person whom you met at the party is a famous scientist.宾语；指人 【观察知新】　观察下面的句子，初步体会并写出引导词在从句的成分和意义。 ①This is the park where we first met.状语；指“在公园里” ②I still remember the day when we graduated from high school.状语；指“在这一天” ③Do you know the reason why he was late？状语；指“因为这个原因” 总结：where：用于修饰表示地点 的名词，在从句中作地点状语 。 when：用于修饰表示时间 的名词，在从句中作时间状语 。　 why：用于修饰表示原因 的名词，在从句中作原因状语。　 ◎精讲语法 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why或“介词at/in/on＋which”。此处主要讲关系副词引导的定语从句。关系副词的作用如下：①指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；②在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用；③起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。 1．关系副词when引导定语从句的用法 当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time，day，year，month，week等)，且关系词在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句用when引导。 I will never forget the day when (on which) we first met. 我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。 The time when (at/in which) we were together was the happiest in my life. 我们在一起的那段时间是我一生中最快乐的时光。 Do you remember the moment when (at which) you realized you loved her？ 你还记得你意识到你爱她的那一刻吗？ 2．where引导定语从句的用法 (1)当先行词是表示具体地点的名词且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，用where引导从句。 This is the place where we first met. 这是我们第一次见面的地方。 学生用书第60页 The restaurant where we had dinner last night was excellent. 我们昨晚吃饭的那家餐厅很好。 (2)where引导的定语从句也可修饰表示抽象地点的名词(如case，state，condition，point，situation等)。 The situation where he found himself was very difficult. 他发现自己所处的情况非常困难。 She is in a position where she can help others. 她处于一个可以帮助别人的位置。 (3)有时表示“在一件东西的某个位置上”时，则表示该事物的名词也被视为地点概念，也可使用where定语从句。 The chair where he usually sits was empty during the meeting. 他通常坐的那把椅子在这次会议期间是空的。 The trousers where the stain was visible were sent for cleaning. 有污渍的那条裤子被送去清洗了。 3．why引导定语从句的用法 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句用why引导。why可以用for which来代替，有时也可用that，这时的that不是关系代词，而是关系副词。 This is the reason why/that(＝for which) he left in a hurry. 这就是他匆匆离去的原因。 4. 关系副词和关系代词的比较和选择 关系代词主要作主语、宾语；关系副词作状语。所以选择引导词首先判断从句引导词应该在从句中作主语、宾语，还是状语，即从句是否缺少主语、宾语，如果缺主语、宾语，选用关系代词，如果不缺主语、宾语，选用关系副词。试比较下面三组句子： 第一组： Do you still remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？ 你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗？(that/which作spent的宾语) Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？ 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语，从句不缺主语、宾语) 第二组： This is the factory where he used to work. 这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(work是不及物动词，从句不缺主语、宾语) This is the factory(that/which) I visited last year. 这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词，that/which作宾语且可省略) 第三组： The reason that he told me yesterday is a lie. 昨天他告诉我的理由是个谎言。(that作told的直接宾语) The reason why he was late was very clear. 他迟到的原因显而易见。(从句不缺主语、宾语，用why作状语) 【巧学活用】 用定语从句完成下列句子。 1．Is this the museum(that/which) you visited a few days ago (你几天前参观的那家博物馆)？ 2．Is this the museum where the exhibition was held (举办展览的那家博物馆)？ 3．We have reached a point where a change is needed (需要做出改变的地步). 4．He gets into a situation where it is hard to tell what is right or wrong (一种难以判断对错的境地). 5．His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts (一家制造收音机零件的工厂). 6．Can you explain the reason (that/why/for which) you were late for school (你上学迟到的原因)？ 学生用书第61页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $