Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar①-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar① 过去将来时 ◎框架脉络 ◎感知语法 【回忆温故】 1．一般过去时是指发生在过去的动作或者状态，其常见助动词包括：was，were，did 。 2．一般将来时是指尚未发生，或者将要发生的动作或状态，其常见助动词包括：will，shall，am/is/are going to 。 3．过去将来时是指在过去时间的背景下，预测或者描述尚未发生或者将要发生的动作或状态，其常用助动词包括：would，should，was/were going to 。 【观察知新】　观察下面的句子，写出句中的过去将来时并指出用法和意义。 1．He said he would go to the north for the holiday. would go 过去将来时肯定结构，表示“将要去” 2．I told her the book would be returned in a few days. would be returned过去将来时被动结构，表示“将要被归还” 3．It seemed as if it was going to rain. was going to rain过去将来时，表示“将要下雨” 4．If I were you，I would not do that. would not do过去将来时否定结构，表示“将不会做” 5．I said I should be there before ten. should be 过去将来时，表示状态，即“将要在……到达”　 ◎精讲语法 一、过去将来时的基本构成 过去将来时表示在过去时间的语境下，描述尚未发生或者将会发生的动作或状态，常用于间接引语或宾语从句中，由“would/should＋动词原形”构成。具体如下： 肯定句 主语＋would/should＋动词原形＋其他 否定句 主语＋would/should not＋动词原形＋其他 疑问句 Would/Should＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？ 被动句 主语＋would/should＋be＋动词的过去分词＋其他 The tourists were told that the museum would be closed on Mondays. 游客们被告知博物馆星期一闭馆。 We said we should finish the work soon. 我们说过我们会很快完成那份工作的． 二、过去将来时的基本用法 1．主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。 He regretted that he would miss his best friend's wedding. 他后悔要错过他最好的朋友的婚礼了。 The journalist said that the election results would be close.记者预测选举结果会很接近。 学生用书第15页 2．表示过去重复进行或者习惯性的动作，此时只用would，不用should。 During that period，he would do morning exercises every day.在那段时间，他每天晨练。 She would always choose the red dress when she had an important event. 每当有重要活动时，她总是会选择那条红裙子。 3．表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”，多用于否定句中，意为“不肯”、“不会”。 It was raining hard，but nobody would stop working. 雨下得很大，但没有人愿意停止工作。 4．用于虚拟语气句型中，用以表示对现在或者将来的假设。 If I were you，I would take that job offer. 如果我是你，我会接受那份工作邀请。 If it should rain tomorrow，we would cancel the picnic. 如果明天下雨，我们将取消野餐。 I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight. 我希望今晚他能和我一起去看电影。 三、用于表示“过去将来时”功能作用的其他形式 1．“was/were going to＋动词原形”表示“过去曾经打算或计划要做的事情”或“过去的客观迹象表明要发生的动作”。 I was going to buy a new car，but I decided to save my money instead. 我本来打算买辆新车，但我决定把钱存起来。 The tree was leaning heavily in the wind，so it was going to fall down. 那棵树在风中倾斜得很厉害，所以它快要倒了。 2．“was/were to＋动词原形”表示按过去的计划或安排将在某个过去将来时间发生的动作。 He was to give a speech at the conference next week. 他计划下个星期在会议上发表演讲。 They were to leave for Paris on Tuesday. 他们计划在周二动身去巴黎。 3．“was/were about to＋动词原形”表示过去即将要发生的动作，多和when引导的从句搭配使用。 They were about to start the movie when the electricity went out. 他们正要开始看电影时，这时(突然)停电了。 She was about to tell him the secret，but she thought better of it. 她正要告诉他这个秘密，但后来改变了主意。 4．“was/were doing”表示过去将来发生的动作，用于几个表动作趋向的动词，如leave，come，go，arrive等。 The train was leaving the station as we arrived. 当我们到达时，火车正要离开车站。 They were coming to visit us next month，but had to cancel due to illness. 他们原计划下个月来拜访我们，但因病取消了。 【巧学活用】 根据提示用过去将来时完成下列句子。 1．He said he was to finish the work in a week (将在一星期内完成这项工作；be to do). 2．We were about to go into the cinema when Mary appeared (正要走进电影院时，这时玛丽出现了；be about to do). 3．I thought that he would come to the party(会来参加派对；would)，but he didn't. 4．If it should rain tomorrow (明天下雨；should)，I would stay inside (待在家里；would) and read a book. 5．The dark clouds were gathering，so it was going to rain soon(很快就要下雨了；be going to). 6．He would not listen to my advice (不会听我的建议；would)，no matter how hard I tried. 学生用书第16页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $