课时精练(14) Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版）

课时精练(十四)　Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　单句语法填空 1．It is strange that such a famous poet should be so rude to a lady. 2．You must come here on time，or you'll be fined next time. 3．I needn't have cooked so much food.Nobody was hungry. 4．He told me he would be free tonight. 5．I may/might finish reading the novel tomorrow，but I am not sure about it. 6．You ought to have given him some advice.He was too upset at that time. 7．It is a long time since we met last time.You should come and see me more often. 8．She was so frightened that she didn't dare to breathe(breathe) a word of it to anyone else. 9．He finished all the work himself；in fact，he could have asked his friends for help. 10．You may feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it. 维度二　语法与写作 1．走了这么久，她一定累了。 She must be tired after such a long walk. 2．当她在这所大学学习时，她常在图书馆做作业。 She would do her homework in the library when she studied in the university. 3．我想了又想，但我记不起我在哪里买的词典。 I have searched my memory，but I can not remember where I have bought the dictionary. 4．我们本可以共同面对困难，可你为什么不告诉我呢？ We could have faced the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me? 5．他现在会骑自行车了，但几星期前他不会。 He can ride a bike now，but he couldn't a few weeks ago． 维度三　语法与语篇 Lucy can 1.play many kinds of musical instruments(能演奏各种各样的乐器).Actually，she 2.could play the piano(会弹钢琴) when she was 8 years old.She also keeps taking exercise every day because she 3.must keep slim(必须保持苗条).“You shall get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day.” She usually says to her friends. However，last week，she found that she 4.might put on weight(或许增重了) because of lack of time and her husband suggested that she 5.should lose weight(应该减肥).One night after supper，she walked quickly to go dancing at the park.On her way，she thought that the dancing 6.must have begun(一定已经开始了) and the coach could have taught many new moves，but the coach was absent that night，so she was regretful. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas This book takes you through waves of emotion as you start to understand the main character，the 9-year-old boy Bruno.The story taking place during the Holocaust(大屠杀)，we witness the horror from the boy's viewpoint.You'll be shocked by some of the surprising aspects of the book as the boy befriends one of the boys on the other side of the fence. The Book Thief The story is about a young girl named Liesel who has to live with foster parents(养父母)during World WarⅡ.On the way to her new home，her brother dies，setting the sad tone for the story.There is hope，however，when Liesel discovers her love for reading and shares her stolen books with her neighbors during bombing attacks with a Jewish man hidden in her basement. The Fault in Our Stars This is probably the most touching book that makes you cry，as it records the experiences of teens who are dying of cancer and living their last days in love.Their life is tragic and jarring at the same time as we watch their health deteriorate(恶化).The real tragedy is the love between the main characters，who know that it is certain to “die”． A Child Called “It” It's one of the saddest stories of abuse in recent decades.A Child Called “It” is based on the true story of Dave Pelzer，a boy from California who suffered at the hands of his sadistic(施虐狂的) family.The tears will come from both sadness and the inspiration tied to Dave's fight for survival in an environment where he is considered useless. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本小说。 1．Which book is a love story? A．The Book Thief. B．A Child Called “It”． C．The Fault in Our Stars. D．The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas. C　[细节理解题。根据第三部小说中的“teens who are dying of cancer and living their last days in love”和“The real tragedy is the love between the main characters”可知，The Fault in Our Stars讲的是爱情故事。故选C项。] 2．Who may be considered unpopular in the family? A．Liesel's brother. B．The 9-year-old boy Bruno. C．A young girl named Liesel. D．Dave Pelzer，a boy from California. D　[细节理解题。根据第四部小说中的“one of the saddest stories of abuse”“Dave Pelzer，a boy from California who suffered at the hands of...”“sadness”以及“in an environment where he is considered useless”可知，Dave Pelzer在家中备受虐待，被认为一无是处，不受欢迎。故选D项。] 3．What do the four novels have in common? A．They all have a sad ending. B．They are all connected with wars. C．They are all emotionally powerful. D．They all expose the dark side of society. C　[推理判断题。根据第一本小说中的“waves of emotion”，第二本小说中的“her brother dies，setting the sad tone for the story”，第三本小说中的“This is probably the most touching book that makes you cry”以及最后一本小说中的“The tears will come from both sadness and the inspiration”可知，这四部小说的共同之处是它们都充满了强烈的感情。故选C项。] B At thirteen，I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks，I could not. In my first literature class，Mrs Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it，all within 45 minutes.I raised my hand right away and said，“Mrs Smith，you see，the doctor said I have attention problems.I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses，“You are not different from your classmates，young man.” I tried，but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang.I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom，the story suddenly all became clear to me.It was about a blind person，Louis Braile.He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education.But Louis didn't give up.Instead，he invented a reading system of raised dots (点)，which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn't I the “blind” in my class，being made to learn like the “sighted” students？My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance.I completed the task within 40 minutes.Indeed，I was not different from others；I just needed a quieter place.If Louis could find his way out of his problem，why should I ever give up? I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs Smith，so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day — with an “A” on it.At the bottom of the paper were these words，“See what you can do when you keep trying.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者患有一种注意力障碍的病症，不能集中精力于所做的事情，当他想放弃时，受到Louis Braile的故事和Smith老师的激励，终于克服困难很好地完成了答卷并得到了老师的认可。 4．What problem did the author meet when he was in class? A．He didn't like the teacher. B．He was not fond of literature. C．The classroom was too noisy. D．He couldn't focus his attention in class. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“13岁时，我被诊断出患有某种注意力障碍。这让我在学校感到很困难。当班上的其他人都在专注于任务时，我却不能”可知，作者患有一种注意力障碍的病症，他在课堂上无法集中注意力，故选D。] 5．What can we learn about Louis Braile from the passage? A．He managed to cure his blindness. B．He got a good education at school. C．He made an invention which helped the blind. D．He couldn't see and read for the whole life. C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“相反，他发明了一个凸点阅读系统，为盲人打开了一个全新的知识世界”可知，Louis Braile发明了盲文来帮助盲人。故选C。] 6．What's Mrs Smith's attitude to the author in the classroom? A．She encouraged him. B．She looked down on him. C．She sympathized (同情) him. D．She was angry with him. A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段“当我把论文交给Smith老师的时候，我并没有期待什么。所以，当我第二天收到她给我的答卷时，我感到非常惊讶，因为论文上有一个‘A’。下面有这样一句话：‘看看当你不断尝试的时候你能做什么。’”可知，Smith老师给了作者一个“A”，并且附上留言，可见Smith老师对他是鼓励的，故选A。] 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．How to be a great teacher. B．Keep trying，and you can do it. C．What you should do as a blind. D．Ways to overcome attention disorder. B　[推理判断题。通读全文，本文讲述了作者受到Louis Braile的故事和Smith老师的激励战胜自己的疾病，完成答卷并得到老师的认可的故事。根据“If Louis could find his way out of his problem，why should I ever give up? ”和“At the bottom of the paper were these words，‘See what you can do when you keep trying.’”可知，本文告诉我们，持续努力，你会成功的。故选B。] C “A serious attack on the fantasy story for children comes from those who do not wish children to be frightened，” writes C．S.Lewis in an essay named Three Ways of Writing for Children.Those who say that children must not be frightened mean two things.Firstly，they mean that we mustn't do anything likely to give children fears，and secondly，they want to keep out of their minds that they are born into a world of death，violence，wounds，good and evil (邪恶).C.S.Lewis says he agrees with the first reason，but not the second. He goes on to remark，“Since it is so likely that they will meet cruel enemies，let them at least hear of brave fighters and heroic courage.By limiting your child to perfect and nice stories of child life in which nothing alarming ever happens，they would fail to face fears and hardships.” “It would be nice，” he continues，“ if no little boy in bed ever hears a frightening sound.But if he is to be frightened，I think St.George，or any bright hero in armor，is a better comfort than the idea of the police.” Bruno Bettelheim，a well-known child psychologist，also points out that fantasy stories provide children with a valuable education about good and evil.He believes that all children have many personal fantasies filled with fears and fantasy stories that comfort them and offer solutions.Happy endings tell them that solutions and hope are real and model the kind of happy life children want to find. A good fantasy suggests rather than teaches possible answers to life.It's believed that reading fantasies quickens the ability to get and put ideas from books to reality.It's what good literature does — it makes life larger. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幻想文学对儿童的好处——可以帮助他们克服恐惧、提高解决实际问题的能力。 8．According to the first paragraph，C.S.Lewis thinks that ． A．children shouldn't read any fantasy story because it is bad B．adults shouldn't do things that may frighten their children C．death and badness should be kept out of children's minds D．writing a fantasy story is the best way of writing for children B　[细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，C.S.Lewis认为成年人不应该做可能吓到孩子的事情。故选B项。] 9．What probably is St.George according to the text? A．He is a policeman in real life. B．He is a murderer caught by the police. C．He is a brave man in a fantasy novel. D．He is a frightening person in a story. C　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，St.George是幻想小说里的一个勇敢的人物。故选C项。] 10．Why should children read fantasy literature according to Bruno Bettelheim? A．Because it encourages children to have a lot of fantasies. B．Because it helps children overcome fears and find solutions. C．Because it teaches children to write their own fantasy stories. D．Because it gives children a happy memory when they grow up. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Bruno Bettelheim认为孩子们要读幻想故事(文学)，因为它能帮助孩子克服恐惧，找到解决办法。故选B项。] 11．It can be inferred from the text that ． A．good literature can give readers more valuable stories　 B．fantasies can improve one's ability to solve problems C．personal fantasies can help children get away from danger D．most children can understand what fantasy literature is B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，幻想文学可以提高一个人解决问题的能力。故选B项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 While you are travelling abroad，cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic(语言的) mistakes，which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. 1 ·Touching Someone 2 In Mediterranean countries，if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug，you'll be considered cold.But backslap(拍背) someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea，and you'll make them uncomfortable.In Thailand，the head is considered sacred—never even pat a child on the head. ·Talking over Dinner In some countries，like China，Japan and some African nations，the food is the thing，so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner. 3 It's not because your group is unfriendly，but because meal times are for eating，not talking. ·Removing Your Shoes or Not Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized，but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia，Hawaii，or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful.So，if you see a row of shoes at the door，start undoing your laces. 4 Once you are on the ground of a different country，remain highly sensitive to native behavior. 5 And don't feel offended(冒犯) if something seems offensive—like queue jumping.After all，this is a global village，and we are all very different. A.Personal space varies as you travel the globe. B．Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home. C．Never be completely surprised by anything. D．The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea. E．Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them. F．If not，keep the shoes on. G．You'll likely be met with silence. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你出国旅行时，文化错误比语言错误更严重，这会导致严重的误解甚至是个人之间的厌恶感。文章给出了一些需要避免的文化错误。 1．E　[根据空前内容可知，当你出国旅行时，文化错误比语言错误更严重，这会导致严重的误解甚至是个人之间的厌恶感。再根据下文主要介绍了需要避免的文化错误可知，E项(注意下面的文化错误，尽量避免它们)符合文意。] 2．A　[根据本段的内容可知，在不同的国家，你的一些行为会给当地人带来误解。A项(个人空间随着你的环球旅行而变化)符合文意。] 3．G　[根据本段的“It's not because your group is unfriendly，but because meal times are for eating，not talking.”可知，不是因为你的团队不友好，而是因为吃饭时间是为了吃饭，而不是为了说话。G项(你可能会遇到沉默)符合文意。] 4．F　[根据本段的小标题Removing Your Shoes or Not(脱鞋子还是不脱)和空前句“So，if you see a row of shoes...，start undoing your laces.”可知，F项(如果不是，请穿着鞋子)符合文意。] 5．C　[根据空后句“And don't feel offended(冒犯) if something seems offensive—like queue jumping.”可知，空处也是一个否定的祈使句。C项(永远不要对任何事情感到惊讶)符合文意。] Ⅲ.语法填空 In science fiction，space 1. (describe) as a silent，empty place but things are different.In fact，all of the equipment 2. (use) to keep a space station functioning can be so noisy 3. the astronauts working there cannot talk with one another 4. (easy)—they have to shout.The high levels of sound may affect their work，and can sometimes even mean that they are 5. (able) to sleep.In addition，they must face other problems in space.Scientists have found over 70，000 items of rubbish 6. still remain in orbit(轨道) around the earth.Most of them are 7. (small) than a tennis ball，but they still threaten(威胁) the 8. (safe) of exploring in space.Even a small piece of metal could cause a terrible disaster if it hit a manned spacecraft.Although generally astronauts do make an effort 9. (bring) most of their rubbish home，they don't always manage it.And they don't just leave their rubbish in space either.There is even a broken camera behind on 10. moon. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空中有很多噪音，以至于在那里工作的宇航员彼此之间交谈不容易，有时甚至意味着他们不能睡觉，并且太空中还有许多太空垃圾。 1．解析：　is described　考查动词的时态和语态。space与describe之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时。综上所述，应该使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is described。 2．解析：　used　考查非谓语动词。all of the equipment与use之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。 3．解析：　that　考查状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……，是固定用法，故填that。 4．解析：　easily　考查词性转换。修饰动词短语talk with用副词，故填easily。 5．解析：　unable　考查词形转换。作be动词后的表语，用形容词；且根据语境可知，此处指不能睡觉，故填unable。 6．解析：　that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词items of rubbish，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 7．解析：　smaller　考查形容词的比较级。由“than a tennis ball”可判断这里需要使用比较级，故填smaller。 8．解析：　safety　考查词性转换。此处作threaten的宾语，且前面有定冠词the，所以用名词，故填safety。 9．解析：　to bring　考查非谓语动词。make an effort to do sth.“努力做某事”，是固定用法，故填to bring。 10．解析：　the　考查冠词。表示世界上独一无二的事物，用定冠词。故填the。 学生用书第115页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $