Unit 3 SectionⅠ Starting out&Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂课时作业（外研版）

参考答案 4.A[根据前一句“Litter could be seen everywhere.”及下 文的“New Year'”可知，此处指“庆祝”新年。celebration 庆祝活动，庆祝会；tradition传统；decoration装饰物，装 饰；pollution污染。故选A项。J 5,D[根据下文的“to walk on the dirty walkways and de- cided to go back home'”可知，走在脏乱的街道上作者肯 定很恼怒(annoyed)。tired困倦的，累的；scared害怕的； puzzled困惑的。] 6.D[句意为：我正要离开时突然看见萨姆在打扫花园。 be about to do...when..意为“某人正要做某事，突 然…”，为固定句型，when在此为并列连词。故选 D项。] 7.C[萨姆是社区协会的一名雇员，而他出现在这条街道 上，所以他应是负责打扫这几条人行道和这个花园。be supposed to do sth.应该做某事，符合语境。advise建 议；promote促进，增进；determine确定，决定，均不符合 语境。 8.C[上文讲到早晨5，点大街上没有人，再根据下一段作 者的问话“How come you are here and doing all this on the very first day of a new year?”可知，作者认为这个时 间看到萨姆在这里打扫卫生真是一件令人吃惊的事。 故选C项。pleasure快乐，乐事；success成功；honour光 荣，荣誉，敬意。] 9.D[根据萨姆回答的内容可知，此处指他平静地(clm ly)回答。故选D项。coldly冷漠地；hopefully充满希望 地；casually随便地，漫不经心地。] 10.A[虽然是新年的第一天，但萨姆并未觉得不同，还是 和任何其他脏乱的一天一样。根据常识也可知，未打扫 街道前，街道应该是脏的。dirty脏的；narrow窄的；busy 忙碌的：cold冷的。故选A项。] 11.B[此处指萨姆的工作和每天一样，从做相同的 (same)事开始。故选B项。] l2.B[根据上文“It seemed that everyone had an all--night celebration,.”可知，此处指人们一夜狂欢，而周围却一片 狼藉。party在此作动词，意为“开派对”。故选B项。] 13.C[此处与上文“我们一夜狂欢”形成对比，指其他人 却需要早起清理垃圾。put up张贴，举起，建造；stay up 熬夜；wake up醒来；pick up检起，（无意中）学会。根据 语境可知选C项。] 14.A[根据上文“the surround is dirty”可知，此处指保持 环境(surroundings)千净。condition条件；background 背景；location位置，场所。] 15.B[细小的事也能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。 make a difference意为“有影响；起作用”，符合语境。] M.[参考范文] Later,I knew one person who really believed in keep- ing fit.She looked at least 10 years younger.She told me her story.Two years ago,she was overweight because she used to smoke a lot,about 30 cigarettes a day;she never got any exercise and she often stayed at home all day.She never went out,except for shopping.If she had to go out,she only drove a car instead of walking.One day she looked at her- self in the mirror,thinking that she was too fat. But now her story has completely changed the way I live.I've stopped eating meat and have started eating far more fresh vegetables.At first my husband and daughter didn't like the new food.I sold my car and bought a bike. What's more,I've started doing yoga exercise at the week- end.With my encouragement,my husband often goes cyc- ling with me now and my daughter jogs with me in the eve- ning.We've lost weight and we are much healthier than we used to be. ·1 课时作业乡 Unit3课时作业1 I.A[语篇解读]本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着战争 的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些士兵拒绝 执行作战命令，战场上竞然出现了“圣诞休战”。 l.A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“German,British, and French soldiers,already sick and tired of the sense- less killing,disobeyed their superiors and started social- ising with 'the enemy'along two-thirds of the Western Front..”可知，士兵因为厌烦毫无意义的杀戮，开始拒绝 执行作战命令，并且开始和“敌人”交往。故选A。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that partici- pating soldiers would face a military court.Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot..”可知，将军对 士兵进行了严厉的警告，违令者会被监禁甚至枪杀。故 选D。] 3.B[词义猜测题。根据“Thousands of people called in, praising the song,with many moved to tears by the amaz- ing events it describes.”可知，电台主持人播放了几次这 首歌后，被听众的反应“震惊”了。故选B。] 4.C[写作意图题。本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着战争 的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些士兵拒 绝执行作战命令。本文旨在告诉我们：人们仁慈善良， 从内心渴望世界和平。故选C。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。爱因斯坦曾表示自 己不会为战争服务，但是后来却间接推动了原子弹的 研发。 5.A[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did: Albert Einstein.”可推知，Szilard和Wigner不如爱因斯 坦那么有影响力。故选A。] 6.D[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I made one great mistake in my life..when I signed the letter to Presi- dent Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made..”可知，爱因斯坦意识到自己为那封给罗斯福总 统的信签名是一个错误。故选D。] 7.B[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Einstein's grea test role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.”以及最后一段可知，爱 因斯坦之所以建议造原子弹是因为他担心德国的希特 勒可能会造原子弹。故选B。] 8.B[标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的 是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响，所以B项“爱因斯 坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。故选B。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种有效避 免冲突的建议。 l.G[根据空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others..”可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有 必要的；据此可以判断，空处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重 危害，引出文章主题，故G项正确。门 2.DL根据空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues.”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上； 据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己 的问题”，故D项符合文意。] L巴英语Y 3.F「根据该段标题“Be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述“和善 待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person'”照应，故F项符合文意。] 4.A[根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper..”可以判断，空处是调解人的一 句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗 争”，符合文意，故A项正确。] 5.E[根据空前一句“By all means,try to keep yourself away from stress.”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离 开对手：据此可知E项符合文意。] Unit3课时作业2 基础检测 I.1.violent 2.outstanding 3.liberate 4.memorial 5.objectives 6.recalled 7.horrors 8.barely 9.drown 10.condemn II.1.is made up of 2.get across 3.prepare for 4.made it 5.free;from 6.come up with 7.have confidence in 8.as well as IlI.1.violent 2.objectives 3.recalling 4.across 5.was liberated 6.memorials 7.barely 8.an 9.Seen 10.had been gambling 能力提升 L[语篇解读]本文主要讲了在第一次世界大战期间，由于白 人参加欧洲战争，同时没有移民进入，一些美国黑人和妇女在 战争期间获得了许多的工作机会。然而在战争结束之后，美 国白人对黑人产生了接受和不认同两种不同的态度。 l.C[细节理解题。由第一段中的“With two million white men fighting in Europe and no new immigrants en- tering the country”可知，在第一次世界大战期间，白人参 加欧洲战争，没有新的移民进入，没有工人，所以工厂用 工处于巨大的需求之中。故选C。] 2.B[细节理解题。由第三段可知，第一次世界大战期 间，并非所有的妇女都去工作了，而是以其他方式参与 了战争。故选B。」 3.C[主旨大意题。由第一段第一句“During the First World War,some Americans indirectly benefited because of the war.”可知，在第一次世界大战期间，一些美国人 由于战争而间接地获益。而后文主要讲述的是由于白 人参加战争，同时没有外来移民进入，工厂给黑人和妇 女提供了许多工作的机会，故而第一次世界大战使得黑 人和妇女间接获益。故选C。] 4.A[篇章结构题。第①段提出第一次世界大战给妇女 和黑人提供许多工作机会，使得他们从战争中间接受 益；第②段和第③段讲述了妇女进入工厂工作和带来的 问题，以及妇女不仅在工厂工作，还帮助前线；第④段和 第⑤段讲述了工厂给黑人提供了很多工作岗位，以及白 人对于黑人的不同态度。故选A。] Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了图书管理员 Alia Baker在战争中，在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图 书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。 1.A[考查动（形容）词。句意：她的图书馆曾经是所有热 爱书籍和喜欢分享知识的人会面的场所。A.meeting “会面的”；B.working“工作的”；C.personal“私人的”；D. religious'“宗教的”。根据“share knowledge”可知，热爱书 籍的人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识。故选A。] 2.A[考查形容词。句意：当战争临近时，Alia Baker担心 战火会毁了这些书，对她来说，书比金山更珍贵。A worried“担心的”；B.angry“生气的”；C.doubtful“怀疑 的”；D.curious'“好奇的”。根据语境，并结合下文她转移 书籍可推断出，她是担心战火会毁了这些书。故选A。] ·13 选择性必修第三册 3.B[考查形容词。句意：当战争临近时，Alia Baker担心 战火会毁了这些书，对她来说，书比金山更珍贵。A practical“实用的，实际的”；B.precious“珍贵的”；C.relia ble“可靠的”；D.expensive“昂贵的”。由more可知，是将 书与金山作比较，可见书的珍贵性。故选B。] 4,D[考查形容词。句意：她请求政府准许把这些书移到 一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。A.large“大的”；B. public“公共的”；C.distant“遥远的”；D.safe“安全的”。 根据上文可知，战争临近，担心战火会毁了这些书，可推 断出她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。故选D。] 5,D[考查副词。句意：她每天晚上秘密地把书带回家， 下班后很晚才把车装满。A.fortunately“幸运地”；B. surprisingly“令人惊讶地”；C.seriously'“严肃地”；D.se- cretly“秘密地”。根据上文，她请求政府准许把这些书转 移到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了，结合“every night"”可知，她应该是晚上秘密地转移书。故选D。] 6,C[考查动词。句意：她每天晚上秘密地把书带回家， 下班后很晚才把车装满。A.starting“开始”；B.parking “停车”；C.filling“装满”；D.testing“测试”。根据“she brought books home every night”可知，她把书带回家，应 是下班后把书装进车辆带走，故选C。] 7.B[考查名词。句意：整个晚上，AIia,Anis,他的兄弟和 邻居把书从图书馆拿出来，越过七英尺高的墙传递，把 这些书藏在餐馆里。A.war“战争”；B.night'“夜晚，晚 上”；C.building“建筑”；D.way“路，方法”。根据上文 “she brought books home every night”提到她每天晚上 把书带回去，所以此处指整个晚上，大家一起帮忙转移 书，故选B。] 8.C[考查动词。A.put“放”；B.opened“打开”；C.passed “传递”；D.threw“扔”。根据“over the seven-foot wall'” 以及下文“and9 them in the restaurant'”可知，此处指 越过高墙把书传递出去，故选C。] 9.A[考查动词。A.hid“藏”；B.exchanged“交换”：C. burnt'“烧”；D.distributed“分配”。根据上文“Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books..”饭店老 板Ais同意把书藏在饭店，所以此处指把书藏在饭店。 下文“The books stayed hidden”也是提示，故选A。] 10.C[考查动词短语。句意：随着战争的持续，这些书一 直藏着。A.came in'“进来”；B.broke out“爆发”；C.went on“继续”；D.came to an end“结束”。根据上文“when the war broke out'”提到战争爆发；以及下文“But the war was not over yet..”提到战争还没有结束，所以此处指随 着战争的继续，故选C。] 11.B[考查名词。句意：九天后，一场大火把图书馆焚为 平地。A.restaurant'“饭店”；B.library“图书馆”；C.city “城市”；D.wall“墙”。根据下文“Now Alia waited for the war to end and_l5 peace and a new library.”可知，Alia 梦想着和平和一个新的图书馆，可推断出之前的图书馆 被烧毁了。故选B。] 12.B[考查名词。句意：一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开 了。A.neighbours'“邻居”；B.soldiers“士兵”；C.friends “朋友”；D.customers“顾客”。根据“the bombing stopped”可推知，轰炸停止，应是打仗的士兵离开了，故 选B。] l3.D[考查动词。句意：Alia知道如果这些书是安全的， 它们必须在城市安静的时候被再次移动。A.sold“卖”； B.read“读”；C.saved“挽救”；D.moved“移动”。根据下 文可知，她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，可推断出此处应 该是书被再次移动。故选D。A Unit 3 War and peace 课时作业乡 英课时 Unit 3 War and peace 语作业 1 Starting out Understanding ideas(I 纠错空间 I.阅读理解 Not many people have heard the sto- A ry of the Christmas Truce(休战).On It was December 25,1914,only 5 Christmas Day,1988,a local radio host months into World War I.German, in Boston played "Christmas in the British,and French soldiers,already sick Trenches",a song about the Christmas and tired of the senseless killing,diso- Truce,several times and was stunned by beyed their superiors and started socialis- his listeners'response.Thousands of peo- ing with“the enemy”along two-thirds of ple called in,praising the song,with the Western Front. many moved to tears by the amazing events it describes. German troops held up Christmas You can probably guess why the cal- trees with signs“Merry Christmas”. lers were in tears.The Christmas Truce Thousands of troops ran across the bat- story goes against most of what we have tlefields covered with dead bodies.They been taught about people.It lets us see sang Christmas songs,exchanged photo- the world as it can be and says,"This re graphs of loved ones back home,shared 方法总结 ally happened once."It shows us the po food and even played football.Soldiers tential we have as humans,and contra- hugged men they had been trying to kill a dicts all of those TV and newspaper sto- few short hours before.They agreed to ries that tell us how mean and heartless warn each other if their officers forced people are.It is like hearing that our dee- them to fire their weapons,and to aim pest wishes really are true:the world real- high. ly can be different. Fear ran through the military leaders 1.The soldiers began socialising with the on both sides.They felt that their power enemy because was being challenged:soldiers declaring A.they couldn't bear the meaningless their brotherhood with each other and re- killing B.it was the best way to avoid being fusing to fight.Generals declared this un- killed expected peacemaking illegal and said that C.they feared that they would be caught participating soldiers would face a militar- D.their enemies were from similar back- y court.Those found guilty would be im- grounds prisoned or even shot.By March 1915 the 2.How did the generals finally put an end socialising movement had been destroyed to the soldiers'socialising? and the killing machine was back in full A.They sent the soldiers'loved ones to operation.Over the next three years more prison. than fifteen million people died in the B.They moved the two groups of sol- war. diers further apart. ·43· E英语m 选择性必修第三册 C.They increased the number of of- in July 1939 they explained the problem ficers to control the soldiers. to someone who did:Albert Einstein.Af- 间 D.They warned the soldiers that they ter talking with Einstein,in August 1939, 纠错空间 would face severe punishment. Szilard wrote a letter to President Roose- 3. The underlined word“stunned”in velt with Einstein's signature on it,which Paragraph 4 most probably means" was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939. A.satisfied B.shocked Germany has invaded Poland the pre- C.amused D.confused vious month;the time was ripe for action. 4.The author uses the story of the sol- That October research of a bomb began diers to imply that human beings but proceeded slowly because the inven- tion of the atomic bomb seemed distant 444444444444444444 A.are not trustworthy under stress and unlikely.In April 1940 an Einstein B.are naturally aggressive and warlike letter,ghost-written by Szilard,pressed C.are basically caring and kind-hearted the researchers on the need for"greater D.will always do what is in their own speed'”. self-interest As the realization of nuclear weapons B grew near,Einstein looked beyond the In 1905,as part of his Special Theory current war to future problems that such 方法总结 of Relativity,Albert Einstein published weapons could bring.He wrote to his the point that a large amount of energy friend about his fear about the future use could be released from a small amount of of the a bomb. matter.This was expressed by equation E =mc2(energy=mass times the speed of The atomic bombings of Japan oc- light squared).But bombs were not what curred three months after Germany gave in, Einstein had in mind when he published In November 1954,five months be- this equation. In 1929,he publicly declared that if a fore his death,Einstein summarized his war broke out he would"refuse to do war feelings about his role in the creation of service,direct or indirect..."His position the atomic bomb:"I made one great mis- would change in 1933,as a result of Adolf take in my life...when I signed the letter Hitler's coming into power in Germany. to President Roosevelt recommending Einstein's greatest role in the inven- that atom bombs be made;but there was tion of the atomic bomb was signing a let- some justification-the danger that the ter to President Franklin Roosevelt ur- Germans would make them." ging that the bomb be built because some 5.What can we learn about Szilard and physicists feared that Germany might be Wigner? working on an atomic bomb.Among those A.They were not as influential as Ein- concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and stein. Eugene Wigner.But Szilard and Wigner B.They were responsible for the inven- had no influence with those in power.So tion of nuclear weapons. ·44 Unit 3 War and peace 课时作业乡 C.They had cheated their friend Albert figure of the conflict.2 You should Einstein. focus on your own life issues. D.They had an intention to destroy the Be kind. world. 3 Life is full of conflicts and dis 纠错空间 6.Einstein realized his mistake of agreements,and that's why you should A.co-operating with his workmates find more conservative ways of dealing B.inventing the atomic bomb with them.For example,kindness can C.publishing his equation lessen the conflict. D.signing the letter to President Roo- Try to be a peacekeeper. sevelt Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with peo 7.Why did Einstein suggest making atom ple without bad emotions which usually lead bombs? to arguments and even conflicts.“4_” A.Because President Roosevelt asked This saying is the life motto of a natural- to do so. born peacekeeper.Don't worry if you are B.Because it was likely that Hitler not a natural-born peacekeeper;you can would make them. gain this skill during life. C.Because he was not in favor of Presi- Walk off. dent Roosevelt. When the conflict is gathering pace D.Because it was not necessary to do and you can't manage to control yourself, s0. you should choose to handle the situation 方法总结 8.The best title for the passage would be in another way.By all means,try to keep yourself away from stress.5 You A.A Story of Albert Einstein should get away from the situation for a B.Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb while. C.It Was Unfair for Einstein A.The greatest victory is a battle not D.How the Atomic Bomb Was Inven- fought. ted B.Conflicts are unavoidable,so try to ac- Ⅱ.阅读七选五 cept them. It is necessary to be reasonable and C.Weak people usually desire others to flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much offer help and support. as possible and live in peace with others. D.Let other people solve their problems 1 If you have done all your best to without your presence. avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, E.It is helpful to put some distance be- then read these effective tips on how to tween yourself and the opponent. avoid conflicts. F.When someone pushes you to the lim Don't get in the center of the conflict. it,try to act kindly towards this per- Sometimes people can get in the cen- son. ter of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for G.Arguing can either break your friend offering help.Frankly speaking,it is very ship or affect your relationship to unwise,because it can make you the main some degree. ·45·