Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using language & Developing ideas-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

本讲义围绕富兰克林闪电实验的真实性探究这一核心知识点，通过Pre-reading激活背景知识，While-reading分层训练主旨归纳、结构分析及细节理解，Post-reading开展难句解构、佳句仿写与品质升华，辅以词汇句式系统练习，构建从输入到输出的完整学习支架。 该资料以科学故事为载体，通过细节题设计培养批判性思维（思维品质），佳句仿写提升语言表达能力（语言能力），品质升华环节引导科学探究精神（文化意识）。课中助力教师高效引导文本分析，课后词汇句式练习帮助学生巩固语言知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas Step One: Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following questions. 1．Who is he? Benjamin Franklin. 2．Can you share the information you know about him? Benjamin Franklin (1706－1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor. Step Two: While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What is the text mainly about? A．Whether the story of Franklin’s experiment is true or not. B．The aim of Franklin’s experiment. C．The procedure of Franklin’s experiment. D．The effect of Franklin’s experiment. 答案：A Ⅱ.Read for the structure Ⅲ.Read for details 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．Franklin’s opinion about science. B．The purpose and process of Franklin’s experiment. C．People’s different opinions on lightning. D．The role of the metal key. 2．For many years，we learn from the story of Franklin’s experiment EXCEPT that __________. A．the method of Franklin’s experiment is safe B．Franklin was very brave to make the experiment C．scientific experiments are important to the truth D．the method of Franklin’s experiment is scientific 3．What are people inspired by in Franklin’s story? A．His bravery and scientific approach. B．The kite with a key tied to the string. 学生用书第72页 C．The stormy weather with lightning. D．His touching on the metal key. 4．What is the purpose of the story of Newton? A．To show the accepted story is true. B．To show Newton was brave to bear the hit of an apple. C．To show Newton was lucky to find the theory of gravity. D．To show the accepted story is questioned by the scientists. 5．Which of the following may the author agree with? A．To see is to believe. B．Every extremity is a fault. C．Books should be read with reservation. D．Imagination is the source of creation. 答案：1—5　BAADC Step Three: Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1． 尝试翻译　虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。 2． 尝试翻译　但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. (情感描写) 学后仿写　她在追求艺术梦想的过程中所表现出的毅力和情感深度，鼓舞了许多年轻的学生。 Many young students have been inspired by her perseverance and her emotional depth in pursuing her artistic dreams. 2．教材佳句　The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752.(陈述故事概要) 学后仿写　这个熟悉的故事是，这位著名的艺术家在1908年的日落时画了一幅杰作。 The familiar story is that the famous artist painted a masterpiece during a sunset in 1908. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Do you think the stories about some great scientists are true? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维) I think some parts of the stories are true, and some are not, because they don’t follow the common sense, for example, Franklin touching the metal key. 2．What will you learn from the stories about the great scientists? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维) I will learn the scientists’ spirit of scientific exploration from the stories. ◎ ①experiment n．(科学)实验 ②generation n．一代人；同辈人 ③fiction n．虚构的事，想象的事 ④instead of 而不是；代替 ⑤fly a kite 放风筝 ⑥electricity n．电 electrical adj.电的；用电的；发电的 ⑦lightning n．闪电 ⑧string n．线；细绳；一串；一系列v.悬挂；系；扎 ⑨tie...to...把……系在……上 ⑩metal n．金属 ⑪attach v．系，绑；贴 be attached to 被固定到/附在……上 ⑫flash n．闪光 ⑬hit (hit，hit)v.打；击；碰撞 ⑭conduct v．传导(热、电) ⑮electric shock 电击 ⑯bravery n．勇气 brave adj.勇敢的 ⑰approach n．方式；方法；态度 v．靠近；接近 ⑱scientific adj.科学(上)的 scientific experiment 科学实验 ⑲establish v．确定，证实；建立，创立 establishment n．创立；建立；建设 ⑳contribute v．贡献；捐赠；增进 contribute towards 有助于，为……做贡献/捐助 ㉑entirely adv.完全地，彻底地 entire adj.完全的；整个的 ㉒take place 发生 ㉓die from 死于 ㉔come up with 提出；想出 ㉕theory n．学说，理论 ㉖gravity n．重力，引力 ㉗account n．记述，描述 ㉘proof n．证明，证据 prove v．证明，证实 ㉙admittedly adv.诚然，确实 ㉚exploration n．探索；探究；探测 explore v．探索；探究；探测 ◎ FRANKLIN’S EXPERIMENT①： How Much Is True? Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations② of children to science.However，new research suggests that the story may be fiction③ instead of④ fact.[1] 学生用书第73页 The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite⑤ during a storm in 1752.[2]At that time，there was much interest in electricity⑥.People wanted to know if lightning⑦ was really produced by electricity or something else.[3]Franklin was one of them.He raised the kite with a piece of string⑧ tied to⑨ it.A metal⑩ key was attached to⑪ the string.A flash⑫ of lightning hit⑬ the kite，and electricity was conducted⑭ through the string to the key.Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock⑮.This，he said，proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For many years，schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment.More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery⑯ and his scientific approach⑰ to looking for the truth.Franklin，along with many other scientists，has inspired us and taught us that scientific⑱ experiments are important in order to establish⑲ the truth and to contribute⑳ towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.[4] [1]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句；suggests在此处意为“表明”，其后的宾语从句不需要用虚拟语气。 [2]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导表语从句。 [3]if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。 [4]本句是主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句；in order to establish the truth and to contribute...在从句中作目的状语。 However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely㉑ true.Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place㉒，more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.[5]The detail about the string and the key is true.But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key，he would certainly have died from㉓ the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with㉔ his theory㉕ of gravity㉖.In fact，more than one account㉗ suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is no proof㉘ that it hit him on the head.[6] 学生用书第74页 Admittedly㉙，fiction is often more interesting than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration㉚ than by the facts themselves.But in science，facts should be proved by experiments and research，and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story.[7] [5]本句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句，其中that引导主语从句，it作形式主语；what引导宾语从句。 [6]本句是主从复合句。that while Newton...on the head是that 引导的宾语从句；while引导让步状语从句，that it hit him on the head是that 引导的同位语从句。 [7]本句是并列复合句。第二个and连接两个并列分句；在第二个分句中，not和always连用表示部分否定，we read or hear是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything；even if引导让步状语从句。 ◎ 富兰克林的实验：有多少是真的？ 本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。然而，新的研究显示，这个故事可能是虚构的，而并非事实。 这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。那时，不少人对电感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的由电产生，还是另有源头。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天，细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。闪电击中风筝，电流通过绳子传导到钥匙上，富兰克林随即用手指触碰钥匙，感受到了电击。他说，这一实验证明了闪电是电的一种形式。 许多年来，富兰克林闪电实验的故事一直是学校的教学内容之一。数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。使用细绳和钥匙这一细节是真实的，但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会死于电击。 科学家们常常对已被人们接受的观点提出质疑，以求证事实。一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 诚然，虚构常常比事实更为有趣。人们更多是被富兰克林的科学探索精神所激励，而非事实本身。但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。 学生用书第75页 ◎核心单词——练通 1．passive voice　　　 被动语态 2．beyond description 无法描述 3．the search for a cure for cancer 对癌症治愈方法的研究 4．do an experiment 做实验 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n. 意义；重要性 2．injure v. 使受伤，弄伤→injury n. 伤，损害→injured adj.受伤的 3．chemist n. 化学家→chemistry n. 化学 4．astronomer n. 天文学家→astronomy n. 天文学 5．biologist n. 生物学家→biology n. 生物学 6．accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地 7．minor adj.小的→minority n. 少数；少数派；少数民族 8．origin n. 起源，起因→original adj.原来的；起初的；最早的 9．extraordinary adj.非凡的，出色的→ordinary adj.普通的 10．brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的→brilliantly adv.光彩夺目地；出色，精彩；高明地→brilliancy n. 透明度，亮明，光彩，才华 11．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上 12．declaration n. 声明，宣告→declare v. 宣告，声明 13．attach v. 系，绑；贴→attached adj.依恋的，爱慕的；附属于的→attachment n. 依恋；信念；忠诚；(机器的)附件 14．conduct v. 传导(热、电)→conductor n. 导体；指挥；售票员→conductive adj.具有传导性的 15．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 16．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地→entire adj.完全的；整个的 17．account n. 记述，描述→accountant n. 会计；会计师 18．proof n. 证明，证据→prove v. 证明是；被发现是 规律：后缀-al加在名词或名词性词根后面，构成形容词。 示例：original 最初的，原始的 experimental 实验的 national 国家的；民族的 personal 个人的 　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．draft the Declaration of Independence 起草 《独立宣言》 2．a metal key 一把金属钥匙 3．a flash of lightning 一道闪电 4．Newton’s theory of gravity 牛顿的引力理论 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．除……之外 apart from 2．把……栓/系在……上 tie... to... 3．与……一起；连同……一起 along with 4．有助于，为……贡献 contribute towards 5．打在某人头上 hit sb_on the head 6．到目前为止 to date 第二组　英译汉 7．establish the truth 证实真相 8．take place 发生；进行 9．more than one 不止一个 10．die from 死于 11．come up with 想出；提出 12．for instance 例如 学生用书第76页 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　neither... nor... “既不……也不……”，连接并列结构 教材原句　However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。 2．句型公式　while引导让步状语从句，that引导同位语从句 教材原句　In fact，more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 beyond prep. 无法……；超过……；超出……之外 (教材原句) Within the next 80 years，our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. 在未来80年，我们的生活可能会被3D打印改变得面目全非。 beyond recognition　　　　　　 认不出来；面目全非 beyond one’s reach 在某人够不着的地方 beyond doubt 无疑地 beyond description/expression 无法描述/表达 beyond belief 无法相信 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition. ②The beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou is beyond description (describe). ③You can’t imagine that I had difficulty finding a parking place. →What is beyond your imagination is that I had difficulty finding a parking place. (应用文之告知信) significant adj. 重要的，影响深远的 (教材原句) But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. 但是或许人们现在取得的最重要的成功是在医学方面。 (1)significance n.　 重要性；意义；意思，含义 be of significance＝be significant 有意义的 attach (great) significance to 认为……(很)重要 (2)significantly adv. 显著地；重大地 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The question being discussed now is of great significance. ②(2024·1月浙江卷) In the past few years, online learning has become a significant (significance) part of the university and college experience. ③Nowadays，people attach great significance to education and spend a lot of money on their children. ④我们为残疾人所做的事很有意义。(应用文之日记) →What we have done for the disabled is very significant. (significant) →What we have done for the disabled is of great significance. (significance) 学生用书第77页 injure v. 使受伤，弄伤；损害；伤害(名誉、自尊等) (教材原句) And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil，people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire! 并且不仅仅是人类正在受益——在巴西，人们已经给一只在森林大火中受伤的海龟换上了一个3D打印出来的龟壳！ (1)injury n.　　　　　　　 伤害，损害 do sb an injury (＝do an injury to sb) 伤害某人 (2)injured adj. 受伤的 get injured 受伤 the injured 伤者 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Don’t get over the fence—you’ll do yourself an injury (injure). ②Her son got injured (injure)while doing the field research that day. ③The people who were injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once. →The people injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once. (应用文之告知信) cure n. 药剂；疗法 (教材原句) Currently，there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s，but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people living with the disease. 目前，阿尔茨海默症还没有治愈的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善阿尔茨海默症患者生活质量的方法。 (1)a cure for... 　 ……的治疗方法；解决……问题的措施 (2)cure vt. 治好(疾病)；治愈；改正(不良行为) cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病；改正某人的不良行为 [名师点津]　与cure sb of sth 结构相似的短语还有： rob sb of sth 　　 抢劫某人的某物 inform sb of sth 　　 通知某人某事 remind sb of sth 　　 使某人想起某事 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I hold the belief that scientists will find a cure for cancer sooner or later. ②The famous surgeon is capable to cure the patients of their illnesses. ③经验丰富的医生正在悉心地为病人治疗一种罕见病。 The experienced doctor is treating the patient for a rare disease with great care. [易混辨析]　cure，treat ①cure意为“治愈”，侧重“治愈”的结果，可构成“cure sb of sth ”结构，常指治疗疾病、痛苦或革除恶习、弊害等。 ②treat意为“治疗”，强调“治疗”的动作，可构成“treat sb for sth /treat sb with sth ”结构。 declaration n. 声明，宣告 (教材原句) Benjamin Franklin (1706－1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. 本杰明·富兰克林(1706－1790)是美国开国元勋之一，并帮助起草了《独立宣言》和《美国宪法》。 学生用书第78页 declare vt.&vi.　　　 宣布，宣称；声明 declare war on... 对……宣战 declare against/for 声明反对/支持…… declare sb /sth (to be)＋名词/形容词 宣布某人/事为…… It is declared that... 宣布…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If we declare war on climate change, then yes, we can do it. ②All four countries have adopted the declaration (declare) against hunting rare animals. ③典礼一宣布开始， 我们学校所有的学生就欢呼起来。 Immediately the ceremony was declared open, all the students in our school burst into cheers. (应用文之活动介绍) attach v. 系，绑；贴；使依恋；重视 (教材原句) A metal key was attached to the string. 绳子上绑着一把金属钥匙。 (1)attach sth to sth　 把……附在……上；把……固定到……上 attach oneself to... 依附……；缠着…… attach importance/significance to... 认为……重要/有意义 (2)attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于 be attached to 附属于；依恋 (3)attachment n. 附属物；附件；爱慕；依恋 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The little boy attached himself (he) to me at the party and I couldn’t get rid of him. ②We should attach great importance to improving (improve) children’s mental health. ③To be honest，the school is famous because it is attached to a key university. ④正如这句话所揭示的那样，我们青少年中的许多人把我们的手机看得比朋友重要得多。 Just as this sentence reveals, many of us teenagers attach much more importance to our phones than to our friends. (应用文之投稿) account n. 记述，描述；账目，账户 (教材原句) In fact，more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实受到了掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明苹果砸在了他的头上。 (1)give an account of... 描述…… on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装) take... into account 将……考虑在内 (2)account vi. 解释，说明；(数量、比例上)占 account for... 是……的原因；解释；占(一定数量或比例) 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Too much pressure may account for your recent low efficiency in study. ②When choosing your major, you need to take your interests and career plans into account. ③He was in the blues on account of his failure in business. ④我们决不能对越发严重的环境问题视而不见。 On no account can we shut our eyes to the increasingly serious environmental problems. (应用文之倡议书) 学生用书第79页 一、一词多义 1．beyond A．prep. 超过；超出　B．prep. 除……之外 (1)I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.__B__ (2)Our success was far beyond what we thought possible.__A__ 2．account A．n. 描述　B．n. 账户　C．v. 解释　D．n. 考虑到 (1)How do you account for the show’s success？__C__ (2)We must take full account of our difficulties.__D__ (3)The boy gave an account of the ball game.__A__ (4)I would like to open an account with you.__B__ 二、熟词生义 1．All income must be declared.v. 申报 2．I attach great importance to this research.v. 重视　　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……” (教材原句) However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。 句中neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……”。其含义是否定的，可连接两个并列的成分。 (1)neither... nor... 连接两个主语或两个宾语时，应遵循“就近原则”。 (2)neither可以单独使用作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。 (3)neither或nor还有另外一种用法：当表达“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor进行简略回答。其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I hadn’t been to New York before and neither/nor had Jane. ②He couldn’t see and nor could he hear until one month ago. ③Neither my classmates nor I was punished (punish) by our teacher yesterday. ④没有动力， 你既不能设定目标， 也不能实现目标。 Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 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