Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Grammar-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语过去分词(短语)作定语这一核心语法点，通过“语法串烧”短文引入，系统梳理其位置规则（单个过去分词多前置，短语后置，特殊词如left等及修饰不定代词时后置），区分及物动词（表被动完成）与不及物动词（仅表完成）的用法，并对比其与现在分词、不定式被动形式作定语的差异，搭建完整知识支架。 该资料以真实语境短文激发兴趣，通过对比表格和“巧学活用”练习（补全句子、汉译英等）培养学生分析比较的思维品质，助力语言能力提升。结构清晰的讲解与分层练习，既辅助教师课堂高效授课，又便于学生课后自主回顾，查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

Section Ⅳ　Grammar 过去分词(短语)作定语 语法串烧 我的发现 　　In Africa there is a tribe called① Cannibal. The people of Cannibal live on a small island surrounded② by the sea. Sometimes, there come unexpected③ visitors, who are interested in their lifestyle. These visitors bring them some gifts while the local people give the visitors some animal products made④ by themselves. In this way is the tribe gradually known by the outside world. 1．左栏短文中黑体部分都是过去分词作定语，其中③处属于前置定语，①②④处作后置定语。 2．经过对比可知，单个过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面，而过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词的后面。 3．这些过去分词(短语)多表示“被动或完成”的意义。 学生用书第51页 一、过去分词(短语)作定语的位置 1．单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前。 The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge. 政府决定重新修复那座被毁坏的大桥。 [名师点津]　有些过去分词表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。如：left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。另外，单个过去分词作定语修饰代词(如：something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代词或those)时，应该放在被修饰词的后面。 There is a little time left.Let’s hurry up. 剩余时间不多了，咱们快点吧。 He is one of those invited. 他是那些被邀请的人之一。 2．过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 I am fond of the food cooked by your mother. ＝I am fond of the food that/which is cooked by your mother. 我很喜欢你妈妈做的饭菜。 The computer center，opened last year，is very popular among the students in this school. ＝The computer center，which was opened last year，is very popular among the students in this school. 去年开放的电脑中心，很受这个学校的学生欢迎。 [名师点津]　有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置，意义不变，但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同，则意义也不相同。 All the broken windows have been repaired. ＝All the windows broken have been repaired. 所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了。 the concerned expression担忧的表情 the student concerned有关的学生 ◎巧学活用1——补全句子 ①The polluted river (这条被污染的河) gives off a terrible smell. ②The excited people (激动的人们) finally cooled down. ③He was then a teacher respected by all the students (受所有学生尊敬的). ④Most of the guests invited to my birthday party (被邀请到我的生日晚会的) were my school friends. 二、及物动词和不及物动词的过去分词(短语)作定语 1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，具有完成和被动两层含义。 ①表示被动。 an honoured guest一位受尊敬的客人 respected leaders 受人尊敬的领导 ②表示被动和完成。 the broken glass碎了的杯子 the question discussed yesterday昨天讨论的问题 [名师点津]　人的表情、声音，如look，expression，voice，sound，tear等用过去分词修饰。 There was a surprised look on her face seeing what had happened. 看到所发生的事情后，她脸上出现了惊讶的表情。 2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作的完成，无被动之意。 the fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen落叶 a retired worker＝a worker that has retired 一位退休工人 学生用书第52页 ◎巧学活用2——汉译英 ①受伤的工人　 injured workers ②受感动的学生们　 moved students ③浇过的花　 watered flowers ④归国留学生　 returned students 三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别 过去分词形式作定语 表示被动完成的动作 动词-ing形式作定语 表示主动进行的动作 动词-ing形式的被动形式作定语 表示被动进行的动作 动词不定式的被动形式作定语 表示将来被动的动作 Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students. 吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。 Who is the man working there? 在那儿工作的那个人是谁？ The bike being repaired is mine. 正在修的自行车是我的。 Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你想见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？ ◎巧学活用3——用所给词的适当形式填空 ①The club’s annual conference held (hold) last week turned out to be successful. ②The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner. ③The problem being discussed (discuss) now has something to do with our work. ④The airport to be completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $