Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语单元复习课件围绕“宇宙探索”主题，系统梳理动词不定式作定语和状语的语法知识及核心词汇。通过知识网络明确语法逻辑，如定语的主谓、动宾、修饰关系，状语的目的、结果、原因分类，结合lack、beyond等词汇的用法归纳，构建语法与词汇融合的知识体系。 其亮点在于采用“语法详解-语境感知-分层训练”模式，如“巧学活用”模块结合2024新课标真题设计单句填空，“语基讲练”通过读后续写佳句提升语言运用能力，培养学生思维品质与学习能力。分层测评（基础训练与素质提升）满足个性化需求，助力教师精准把握学情，有效巩固知识。

UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 主题语境：人与自然——宇宙探索 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures ——动词不定式作定语和状语 内容索引 语法详解 细分析 1 课时测评 3 语基讲练 提能力 2 语法详解 细分析 返回 阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的练习 语法串烧 我的发现 　　I am looking for a sports watch ①to help me keep track of my fitness and chart my training progress.I learned from an advertisement that whether I am a professional athlete or keen sportsperson，DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for me.It has a digital display ②to record my steps，speed and distance，as well as monitor the heart rate and calories burnt.It also has a voice control setting ③to enable me to stay hands-free，while its waterproof band is fully adjustable ④to be comfortable to wear.So I hurried to the supermarket ⑤to buy one，⑥only to be told that the DX Sports Watch is only available online now. 　　以上黑体部分均是动词______，其构成是to＋动词原形，即______，否定式是________；动词不定式可以在句中作定语，如___，___和___，也可以在句中作状语，如___，___和___，其中⑥only to do作状语表示________的结果。 不定式 to do not to do ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ 意料之外 NO.1　动词不定式作定语　 1．动词不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。 The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。 The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. 明年将要完工的机场将有助于促进这一地区的旅游业。 2．动词不定式(短语)作定语一般情况下会置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。 (1)主谓关系 被修饰词是动词不定式动作的发出者。此时被修饰词通常由only，very，next，last，序数词或者形容词的最高级修饰。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. 中国成为首个将航天器降落到月球背面的国家。 (2)动宾关系 被修饰词是动词不定式动作的承受者。此时需要注意，如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后应接必要的介词。 The teacher left us a lot of problems to solve. 老师给我们留了许多问题要解决。 He can find no one to make friends with. 他找不到可以交朋友的人。 Mr Brown has something important to deal with at present. 目前布朗先生有重要的事情要处理。 温馨提示　动词不定式与所修饰词之间是动宾关系时，若句中有其逻辑主语或者是说话人做该动作时，用主动形式表示被动意义；若句中没有其逻辑主语或说话人不做该动作，则用被动形式。 I have a letter to write. 我有一封信要写。(“我”写) The old lady has a letter to be written. 老妇人有一封信要写。(让“别人”帮忙写) (3)修饰关系 动词不定式对所修饰的词起到补充说明的作用。这些被修饰词一般为：ability，ambition，attempt，chance，courage，time，decision，effort，failure，offer，promise，right，way，wish，reason等。 Now it is time to begin our class. 现在是上课的时间了。 Is that the way to open the can? 那是打开罐头的方法吗？ The voluntary service gives you a chance to change lives，including your own. 志愿服务给你一个改变生活的机会，包括(改变)你自己的生活。 You should grasp the ability to solve the complex problems. 你应该掌握解决复杂问题的能力。 ◎巧学活用1——单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi'an，as a first step ___________(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot. ②Our tour also includes a chance ________(walk)in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. ③A housewarming party is a special party ____________(hold)when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. to journey to walk to be held ④He has no pen to write ____． ⑤You might think that with all these dangerous animals，Australia is an unsafe place to live ___ or visit. ⑥Do you have anything ______(do)tonight? ⑦The best way ___________(improve)your English is to join an English club. with in to do to improve NO.2　动词不定式作状语　 1．作目的状语 动词不定式(短语)作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。 (1)to do...为了做…… 这种形式可置于句首(起强调作用，有逗号与句子隔开)或句尾(通常不用逗号隔开)。在句首时常意为“为了……”；在句尾时常意为“以便……，目的是……”。 To help us prepare for the exam，the teacher suggested reading through our notes. 为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。 We work hard to be admitted to a key university. 我们努力学习，目的是考上重点大学。 温馨提示　动词不定式(短语)表示的是主语的目的，因此其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。 为了画好地图，你需要一支特殊的钢笔。 [误]To draw maps properly，a special pen is needed. [正]To draw maps properly，you need a special pen. (2)in order to do...为了做…… 这种形式更能突出目的性，既可以置于句首又可以置于句尾。 In order to lose weight，he takes exercise like crazy. ＝He takes exercise like crazy in order to lose weight.为了减肥，他拼命锻炼。 (3)so as to do...为了做…… 这种形式与in order to do...一样突出目的性，但so as to do...不能置于句首。 He closed the window so as to keep warm. 为了保暖他关上了窗户。 温馨提示　动词不定式的否定式均是在to前加not。 We had better hurry up in order/so as not to be late for class. 为了上课不迟到，我们最好快点。 (4)动词不定式的复合结构作目的状语 当动词不定式(短语)有自己的执行者时，需用动词不定式的复合结构for sb to do作状语。 He opened the door for the children to come in. 他打开门以便孩子们进来。 (5)目的状语从句与动词不定式的转换 动词不定式(短语)作目的状语可以与目的状语从句相互转换。 ·当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为动词不定式(短语)作状语。 We dressed up in order that/so that we could start early. ＝We dressed up in order to/so as to start early. 我们穿戴整齐以便早点动身。 ·当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。 I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. ＝I came early for you to read my report before the meeting. 我早点来是为了你在会前可以看我的报告。 ◎巧学活用2 (1)单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. ②(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years，people have told fables (寓言) ________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. ③(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony，and climbed up ______ (see) them. ④(2021·浙江6月卷)Mary's sister，Frances Todd Wallace，often came over _______ (plant)flowers in the front yard. to give　 to teach　 to see　 to plant　 (2)同义句转换 ⑤We stayed in Beijing so that/in order that we could visit the Bird's Nest. →We stayed in Beijing ______________________ the Bird's Nest. ⑥We will do everything in order that/so that they can live happily. →We will do everything _____________________． ⑦We'll hold a meeting for you to know the programme. →We'll hold a meeting ____________ you can know the programme. so as to/in order to visit　 for them to live happily　 in order that 2．作结果状语 动词不定式(短语)作结果状语常用于以下结构： (1)so/such...as to do sth太……以至于做某事 Would you please be so kind as to help me? 您能好心帮帮我吗？ He is such a fool as to believe them. 他如此傻以至于相信他们。 (2)表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，never 等连用。 He went to school early only to find nobody was there. 他早早地去了学校，结果发现学校里没人。 She went abroad never to return. 她出国了，再也没回来。 (3)too...to...太……以至于不能…… The box is too small to hold all these things. 这个箱子太小以至于装不下这些东西。 (4)...enough to do sth足够……做某事 The girl was lucky enough to get a train ticket. 这个女孩足够幸运地抢到了一张火车票。 温馨提示　动词不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果。 Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。 ◎巧学活用3——补全句子 ①He hurried to the railway station _________________________(结果发现火车开走了). ②He is ________________________(到了参军的年龄了). ③The girl is ___________________________(很善良帮助了那位老人). only to find the train had left　 old enough to join the army　 so kind as to help the old man 3．作原因状语 (1)常用于“主语(人)＋系动词＋形容词/过去分词＋to do”结构中。 形容词或过去分词作表语时，后可接动词不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用于这类结构中的形容词和过去分词有：sorry，surprised，astonished，disappointed，excited，glad，happy，anxious，delighted，pleased，foolish等。 We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. 令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。 (2)常用于“主语(物)＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。 这类形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等，表示主语的特征或性质，动词不定式和句子主语之间存在动宾关系，但常用主动形式表示被动意义。 The morning air is so good to breathe that he gets up early every day. 早上的空气呼吸起来很清新，因此他每天都起得很早。 ◎巧学活用4——单句语法填空 ①The old man sits in front of the television every evening，happy _________ (watch)　anything that happened to be on. ②Tom was very happy _____________(elect)monitor of the class. to watch to be elected 知识网络 返回 语基讲练 提能力 返回 核心词汇练全 1 lack n．缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏 (教材原句)Astronauts' bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity... 由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常脆弱……   归 纳 (1)(a)lack of　　　 没有，缺乏；不足，不够 for lack of... 因缺乏/缺少/没有…… (2)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的 be lacking in sth 在……方面缺乏　　 佳句 The girl used to be lacking in confidence and it was her teacher's encouragement that made her more confident.(读后续写之人物描写)　这个女孩过去曾经缺乏自信，是她的老师的鼓励让她更加自信了。 语段填空/单句语法填空/应用文写作之佳句 ①The charges were dropped ___________ (缺少) evidence. ②He is a father who seems to be _______(lack)in responsibility since he is so selfish. ③努力工作常常可以弥补能力的不足。 Hard work can often make up for ______________ . for lack of　 lacking　 a lack of ability beyond prep.在更远处；超出 (教材原句)Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 把人类送到其他行星甚至太阳系以外的地方不是一个容易实现的目标。   2 归 纳 beyond belief　　 难以置信 beyond control＝out of control 不受约束，不受控制 beyond description 无法描述 beyond one's power 超出某人的能力范围 beyond one's reach＝out of one's reach 够不着，超出某人的能力范围　　 佳句 The beauty of the scenery is beyond description.(读后续写之环境描写)风景之美难以形容。 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物描写 ①What had happened was beyond ______(believe). ②The town center had changed beyond ___________(recognise). ③Despite his efforts to help，the situation was beyond his ______ (powerful). ④去太空旅行的梦想似乎遥不可及，但她对天文学仍然充满热情。 The dream of traveling to space felt _______________________，but she remained passionate about astronomy. belief recognition power beyond/ out of her reach figure out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 (教材原句)Will scientists figure out a way to store sufficient food and water for the long journey? 科学家们能找到一种储存足够的食物和水以备长途旅行之用的方法吗？   find out　　 找出，查明；发现，揭发 work out 解决；算出；实现；制定出；弄懂；锻炼　　 佳句 Whenever I ran into some challenges，it was my headteacher who assisted me to figure out how to overcome them.(人物介绍)每当我遇到一些挑战时，是我的班主任帮助我弄清楚如何克服它们。 3 归 纳 用out的相关短语填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①The medical students have to __________ how to treat the patients. ②I _________ at a gym or swim twice a week. ③We __________ later that we had been at the same school. ④最后我听到有人叫我的名字。声音从远处传来，但我能辨别出来那是我哥哥。 At last I heard my own name called.The voice came from distance，but _______________________________． 返回 figure out work out found out I could figure out it was my brother 课时测评 返回 基础语境练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．If you don't like something，you almost always have the power _________ (change)it. 2．The ability ___________ (download) apps can enrich a visitor's experience. 3．He is one of the first scientists _________ (study) outer space. 4．My family's flight was delayed，so we were the last group __________ (arrive). 5．_________ (catch) the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. to change to download to study to arrive To catch 6．Before the Spring Festival，many people travel home _______ (see) their family. 7．As a senior high school student，you must make efforts ___________ (improve) your communication and problem-solving skills. 8．___________ (publish) their researches in journals，scientists have to work hard，even without financial reward. 9．We hurried there，only ________ (find) a note pinned on the door，informing us of the delay of the meeting. to see to improve To publish to find Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．我认为挖井取水是解决缺水问题的好方法。 I think digging wells for drinking water is a good way ____________________ _________________． 2．我决定利用一切机会练习我的英语口语。 I decide to take advantage of every opportunity _________________________. 3．我珍惜这个好机会来开阔我的视野，提高我的英语口语。 I treasure this as a good chance _____________________ as well as improve my spoken English. to solve the problem of water shortage to practise my spoken English to broaden my horizons 4．屠呦呦是第一位被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国科学家。 Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist ____________ the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 5．为了专心于她的学习，她已经拒绝了几次参加演出的邀请。 She has turned down several invitations to star at shows __________________ _______． to be awarded to concentrate on her studies Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题3分，共18分) 根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文 　　Li Hua is a naughty child.Several months ago，his mother sent him to a training school 1._______________________ (改正他的坏习惯).He was glad 2.________________ (看见老师).The teacher was easy 3._________________ (相处).The teacher told Li Hua to raise his hand if he had something 4._______ (要说的).He was always the first 5.__________________________ (在班上问问题).To everyone's happiness，he did very well in school.Later his mother took him home，6.___________ (结果发现) that he really changed. to correct his bad habits to see the teacher to get along with to say to ask questions in the class only to find 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·衡水高一检测) In 1969，watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents' farm in Canada，Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited.On that day，at only nine years old，Chris made the most important decision of his life：He was going to be an astronaut. There wasn't even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut，but Chris was determined.He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines.After school he joined the Canadian army where he learned to fly many different types of planes.Chris did a lot of research for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States and had special training.Finally，in 1995，he rode his first rocket into space. Chris became the first Canadian astronaut to walk in space，and went on a number of space missions throughout his career.The most memorable was his five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS) as commander，between December 2012 and May 2013.He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity.His followers could watch him sleeping，brushing his teeth，washing his hands，or preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity，which turned him into a social media phenomenon. Today，Chris travels the world giving talks about his work.He once said，“Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you，and start moving your life in that direction.Every decision you make，from what you eat to what you do with your time tonight，turns you into who you are tomorrow.Look at who you want to be，and start sculpting yourself into that person.You may not get exactly where you thought you'd be，but you will be doing things that suit you in a profession you believe in.Don't let life randomly kick you into the adult you don't want to become.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加拿大宇航员Chris Hadfield小时候看到阿波罗11号登陆月球后，立志成为一名宇航员的故事。 1．What led Chris to make up his mind to be an astronaut? A．The life on his parents' farm. B．His ability to fly various planes. C．Apollo 11's landing on the Moon. D．His passion for studying engines. 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，1969年，克里斯·哈德菲尔德通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球。在那一天，只有九岁的克里斯做出了他一生中最重要的决定：他要成为一名宇航员。 √ 2．What made Chris popular in the media? A．The space tasks he conducted in his life. B．The pictures and videos he posted online. C．His inspiring talks about his work around the world. D．His great contributions to Canada's space industry. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，克里斯上传到网上的照片和视频使克里斯在媒体中很受欢迎。 √ 3．What can we learn from Chris' words in the last paragraph? A．Courage is what it takes to overcome difficulties. B．Opportunities go hand in hand with challenges. C．From small beginnings comes great things. D．The key to success lies in the firm aim. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you，and start moving your life in that direction.”可知，从克里斯的话中，我们可以知道，想要成功，一定要坚持自己的目标。 √ 4．Which of the following best can describe Chris? A．Strong-willed and hard-working. B．Adventurous and outgoing. C．Optimistic and responsible. D．Smart and knowledgeable. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段中的“There wasn't even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut，but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines.”可知，克里斯意志坚定而且工作勤奋。 √ B (2025·北京市通州高一期末) Space exploration has produced valuable insights about Earth，the solar system and beyond.However，massive space activity over the past few decades has led to unintended orbital debris (残骸). Every launch of satellites or rockets adds to the problem，increasing the risk that negatively influences not only space missions but also future endeavors.Since the 1957 launch of Sputnik-1，human activity in Earth's orbit has caused significant distortions in space，raising serious concerns about the debris left behind. This ever-increasing threat can be best understood through the Kessler syndrome in space.This phenomenon occurs when objects in low Earth orbit (LEO) become so crowded that they begin to hit each other，creating more debris and more collisions (碰撞)，thus resulting in chain reactions of mergers and fissions.Many experts warn that LEO is moving towards Kessler's syndrome. Accidental collisions in space also increase the orbital overload，such as the 2009 collision between two satellites，Kosmos 2251 and Iridium 33.Such events have worsened the orbital debris problem and raised the prospect of disastrous space conditions. The need for sustainable space activities and the reduction of space debris are being emphasized globally to address the rising space pollution.Therefore，governments have issued many regulatory measures，including active debris removal (ADR) technologies and pollution prevention，which are either planned，tested，or already carried out to protect both existing spacecraft and ones set to be launched. Besides regulatory measures，several mitigating methods are also used to reduce the orbital overload.One such method involves causing a satellite to break down naturally by bringing it closer to Earth's surface so it burns up in the atmosphere.This method is considered cost-effective because the defunct satellite can be pushed toward the Earth's surface at a lower altitude using a physical tool like a net or an air-bursting tool.Another similar technology uses a harpoon that is fired in the direction of the targeted spacecraft to capture it and direct it towards Earth in an active manner，causing the debris to deorbit and plan atmospheric incineration. To reduce the long-term risk of collisions，the focus needs to be on reducing the amount of debris in the orbit.International cooperation and continued investment in debris reduction technologies are carried out to reduce the potentially disastrous consequences of an overcrowded orbit. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了太空活动产生的轨道碎片问题，以及如何通过各种方法和技术来减少和处理这些碎片。 5．What is the primary concern regarding orbital debris? A．Its impact on weather patterns. B．Its impact on future space missions. C．Its impact on satellite communication. D．Its impact on natural atmospheric processes. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Every launch of satellites...but also future endeavors.”可知，轨道碎片的主要问题是对未来太空任务的影响，因此增加的风险影响不仅是当前的太空任务，还包括未来的努力。故选B。 √ 6．What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A．Lessening. B．Worsening. C．Curing. D．Strengthening. 词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“mitigating”以及上下文语境可知，文章提到的“mitigating”指的是减少轨道碎片问题的一些方法，如使卫星解体或使用鱼叉捕捉卫星并引导其烧毁。因此，“mitigating”的意思是“减轻”。故选A。 √ 7．What are some regulatory and mitigation measures to address space debris? A．Frequent satellite launches. B．More space tourism for tax. C．Active debris removal technologies. D．More space telescopes for monitoring. 细节理解题。根据第五段“governments have issued...or already carried out”可知，政府已出台包括主动清除碎片技术在内的监管措施来处理太空碎片。故选C。 √ 8．What can we learn from this passage? A．There are no existing methods to reduce space debris. B．Reducing space debris calls for joint and further efforts. C．The Kessler syndrome is a minor concern for space missions. D．Active debris removal (ADR) technologies are the only solution to space debris. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，减少太空碎片的工作需要国际间的合作以及持续投资于碎片减少技术，目的是减少轨道过度拥挤的潜在灾难性后果。故选B。 √ Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·河北省邢台市高一期末) Space exploration demands the most creative minds and has long been a proof of our thirst for knowledge.It is a journey full of challenges，yet driven by the dream of uncovering the universe's 1.________(secret). Space exploration is about figuring 2.____ the mysteries that lie light-years away，in 3._____ hope of expanding the frontiers of human understanding. The development of such technologies often contributes to innovations(创新) 4.__________ benefit everyday life. secrets out　 the that/which Space agencies around the globe 5.______________ (launch) many missions so far，with the aim of understanding the origins of stars and seeking out the potential for life beyond Earth.These missions，while awe-inspiring，are not without 6._____ (they) share of failure.The disappointment of a failed launch or a lost signal can be 7._______ (deep) felt by the teams who pour their hearts and minds into these projects. However，it is in the face of such disappointment that the 8.____________ (determine) of the scientific community truly shines.These persistent individuals continue to push the boundaries and learn from past experiences. Each failure is an opportunity 9. __________ (improve)，and each new launch represents a fresh start. have launched　 their deeply determination to improve As a result of these efforts，humanity has achieved remarkable achievements. Each achievement shows everything is possible when the 10.__________(intelligence) people combine a strong will and the hope of turning dreams into reality. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空探索的重要性、挑战性以及人类在太空探索中所取得的成就。 intelligent 考查固定短语。figure out为固定短语，意为“弄清楚，弄明白”，故填out。 1．答案：secrets 2．答案：out 考查名词的数。此处表示泛指的“宇宙的秘密”，应该使用secret的复数形式，故填secrets。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构，空格处引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词innovations，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 3．答案：the 4．答案：that/which 考查冠词。此处应该使用定冠词the，be in the hope of为固定短语，表示“希望”，故填the。 考查代词。空白处在句子中作定语，应该使用they的形容词性物主代词their，表示“它们的”，故填their。 5．答案：have launched 6．答案：their 考查时态。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应该使用现在完成时，主语Space agencies around the globe为复数，故填have launched。 考查名词。空白处在从句中作主语，应该使用determine的名词形式determination，表示“决心”，该词表示“决心”含义的时候为不可数名词，使用单数形式，故填determination。 7．答案：deeply 8．答案：determination 考查副词。根据语境，此处应该使用deep的副词形式deeply，修饰动词felt，表示“深切地”，故填deeply。 考查形容词。空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词，故填intelligent。 9．答案：to improve 10．答案：intelligent 考查不定式。空白处在句子中作后置定语且表示一个指向将来的不确定的动作，应该使用improve的不定式形式to improve，故填to improve。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 返回 $