Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版）

该高中英语讲义通过Pre-reading、While-reading、Post-reading三阶段递进构建单元知识体系，运用文章结构框架图梳理阅读脉络，借助分类表格归纳核心词汇、拓展词汇及短语，清晰呈现阅读策略、语法要点与写作技巧的内在联系，突出重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于融入批判性与创造性思维训练，如设计“太空探索意义”讨论题培养思维品质，通过写作佳句仿写提升语言能力。分层练习涵盖词汇练通、语法填空等，基础学生可夯实基础，优秀学生能深化拓展，为教师精准教学和学生自主复习提供有力支持。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking Step One：Pre-reading 1．What can you see in the following pictures? 2．Why does man explore the universe? To help people understand how the universe began. To find out the secrets of the universe. To help humans realise their dream to travel into space. To discover other suitable planets for life. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer. What's the main idea of the text? A．To introduce the development of human's space exploration. B．To describe how difficult and dangerous space exploration is. C．To encourage people to respect scientists. D．To compare the space programmes between the US and China. 答案：A Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each paragraph Para.1　A．The risks of space exploration. Para.2 B．Man's efforts to realise the dream. Para.3 C．Man's wish to explore the universe. Para.4 D．The bright future of space exploration. Para.5 E．China's progress in space exploration. 答案：Paras.1－5：CBAED Ⅲ.Read for the structure Read the passage again and fill in the blanks. Ⅳ.Read for details 1．Read Para.1 and answer the following question. What do scientists do to find out the secrets of the universe? A．Look up at the stars. B．Design vehicles to carry astronauts into space. C．Transmit data back to Earth. D．Establish a space station. 答案：B 2．Read Paras.2-4 and answer the following questions. (1)What does the word “this” in “Following this，there were many more important space achievements.” (Para.2) refer to? A．The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite. B．Yuri Gagarin's going into space. C．The study of deep space. D．Neil Armstrong's walk on the moon. 答案：D (2)Why do people still want to explore the universe despite the disasters? Because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration. 学生用书第94页 (3)What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A．China is the third country in the world to send humans into space. B．Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 4 spacecraft. C．China has made great progress in space exploration in recent years. D．The Tiangong Space Station will allow astronauts to conduct experiments. 答案：C 3．Read Para.5 and answer the following question. What's many countries' attitude to the space exploration? A．Supportive. B．Neutral. C．Objective. D．Negative. 答案：A 4．What do you think of the space exploration？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) I think it is of great benefit for us.Through further study of space，people will make full use of it in the future. 5．If you are determined to be an astronaut，what should you prepare at present？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) First of all，I should study hard to get a related college degree.Besides，I must keep mental and physical health. Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1．Space exploration has come a long way，and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. 结构分析：此句是并列复合句。and连接两个并列分句，后一分句中，that引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰planets；to support life为不定式短语作状语。 汉语翻译：太空探索已经取得了长足的进步，我们现在希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。 2．Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong，accidents can still happen. 结构分析：此句是复合句。although引导让步状语从句。 汉语翻译：虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。 3．China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003，when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. 结构分析：此句是复合句。when引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的2003这一先行词作解释说明，when在从句中作时间状语。 汉语翻译：2003年，杨利伟乘坐“神舟五号”宇宙飞船成功环绕地球运行，中国成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。 4．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. 结构分析：此句是复合句。不定式短语to make more...在句中作宾语；that引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，不定式短语to survive well into the future作宾语补足语。 汉语翻译：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来做出更多有价值的发现，能让人类延续生存，直到未来。 Ⅱ.写作佳句 1．[教材佳句]　Before the mid-20th century，most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true.However，scientists were determined to realise that dream.(心理描写) [学后仿写]　自从她第一次透过望远镜观看夜空后，太空就成了她的梦想，她决心通过成为一名宇航员来实现这个梦想。 Ever since she first looked at the night sky through a telescope，space has been a dream for her，and she was determined to realise that dream by becoming an astronaut. 2．[教材佳句]　However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die.(心理描写) 学生用书第95页 [学后仿写]　尽管太空任务被推迟，但该团队探索宇宙的愿望并没有消失，反而变得更加坚定。 Even though the space mission was put off，the team's ambition to explore the universe did not die but became more determined. Ⅲ.课文语法填空 　　People have always wanted to know more about space and 1.looked(look) up at the stars，wondering about the secrets of space.Before the mid-20th century，most people thought travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true.However，2.with the help of scientists，people succeeded in realising their dream to explore space.They made rockets that could escape Earth's gravity.On 4 October 1957，the Sputnik 1 satellite 3.was launched(launch) by the USSR. 4.Although/Though/While scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong，accidents can still happen.People died during their missions.These disasters made everyone 5.disappointed (disappoint)，but people still believe in the importance of 6.carrying (carry) on space exploration.In 2003，China became the third country to 7.independently (independent) send humans into space.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed 8.a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk.In spite of the difficulties，scientists all over the world hope to make more valuable 9.discoveries (discovery) that will enable the human race 10.to survive(survive) well into the future. ◎核心单词——练通 1．data processing　　　　　　 数据处理 2．launch the satellite 发射卫星 3．escape Earth's gravity 摆脱地球引力 4．make vehicles to carry people 制造载人的交通工具 5．a travel agency 旅行社 6．orbit around Earth 绕地球运行 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．聪明；智力 2．universe n．宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.普遍的；全世界的n.一般概念；一般性→universally adv.全体地；一致地 3．determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 4．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使……失望→disappointment n．失望；沮丧 5．desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desirable adj.向往的；可取的；值得拥有的 6．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；自立地→independence n．独立；独立(日)；自主；自立 1．规律：名词＋后缀-al构成形容词 示例：universe n．宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.普遍的；全世界的　music n．音乐→musical adj.音乐的；nation n．国家→national adj.国家的 2．规律：名词＋后缀-able构成形容词 示例：desire n．渴望；欲望→desirable adj.向往的；可取的；值得拥有的；reason n．理由→reasonable adj.合理的；comfort n．舒适→comfortable adj.舒适的 　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．astronaut training　　 宇航员训练 2．a medical procedure 医疗程序 3．a rocket bomb 火箭弹 4．a frontier town 一个边境小镇 5．a scientific giant 一位科学界的巨人 6．leap over the fence 跳过栅栏 7．love for mankind 对人类的爱 学生用书第96页 8．transmit an image 传输图像 9．unmanned spacecraft 无人宇宙飞船 10．take a spacewalk 在太空行走 11．jade jewelry 玉器珠宝 12．a space module 太空舱 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．继续做，坚持干　　　 carry on 2．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 on board 3．抱着……的希望 in the hope of doing sth 4．弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 figure out 5．决心做某事 be determined to do sth 第二组　英译汉 6．realise one's dream 实现某人的梦想 7．succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 8．focus on 集中于 9．make sure 确保 10．go wrong 出现问题，发生故障，出毛病 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　动词不定式短语作后置定语 教材原句　...and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space (世界上第一个进入太空的人). 2．句型公式　while意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句 教材原句　However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment (尽管这些灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望)，the desire to explore the universe did not die. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的(determine vt.查明；确定；决定determination n．决心) (教材原句)However，scientists were determined to realise that dream. 然而，科学家们决意要帮助人类实现这个梦想。 be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)　　 佳句 Inspired by her spirit，I am determined to be a person like her.(读后续写之人物描写)被她的精神所鼓舞，我决定成为像她那样的人。 [温馨提示]　高考中常把be determined to do sth作状语的用法作为考查点，有类似用法的还有：be lost in，be caught in，be absorbed in等。 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①He was determined to look(look)after his parents well and moved to live with them. ②The government's action shows its determination(determine)to control the situation. ③Determined to look after his parents well，he moved to live with them.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句①) disappointment n．失望；沮丧(disappoint vt.使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的) (教材原句)However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die.然而，尽管这些灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望并没有消失。 学生用书第97页 (be)disappointed at/about/with... 对……感到失望　　 (be)disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望 (be)disappointed that... 对……感到失望　　 佳句 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)After being told that the cash machine still did not play along，Gunter let out a long sigh，with a sign of disappointment.(读后续写之动作、神情描写)在被告知自动取款机仍然不配合后，冈特长叹一声，露出失望的迹象。 单句语法填空/对比填空/读后续写之心理描写 ①After his attempt，Campbell was disappointed to learn (learn) that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour. ②The sudden rain turned the outdoor picnic into a complete disappointment (disappoint) for the kids. ③One by one，the applicants left the interviewer's office with disappointed looks on their faces.(disappointed/disappointing) ④她对计划的突然变化感到失望，一直期待和朋友们一起去野餐，但开始下雨了。 She was disappointed at/about/with the sudden change of plans．She had been looking forward to going on a picnic with her friends，but it started to rain. desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 (1)desire to do　　 渴望做…… desire sb to do 希望某人做…… desire that... 希望……(从句中用should do结构，should可以省略) (2)have a strong desire to do sth/for sth 迫切要做某事/急于得到某物 　　 佳句 (2023·全国乙卷)As I had a strong desire to learn a new skill，I turned to my mother for help，with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation.(应用文之短文投稿)由于我强烈渴望学习一种新技能，我向妈妈寻求帮助，在她的帮助下，我开始在暑假期间学习做饭。 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much. ②The teacher desired her students to focus (focus) more on their studies. ③他希望有一天能周游世界。 →He desired that he could travel the world one day. →He desired to travel the world one day. carry on继续做，坚持干 (教材原句)This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 carry on　　 继续做某事 carry out 实施；执行 carry through 渡过难关；完成 carry sb back(to sth) 使某人回想起/回忆起某事 carry off 拿走；夺走 　　 佳句 Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.(读后续写之人物描写)她的勇气使他产生了继续生活和工作的意愿。 语段填空/单句语法填空/应用文写作之活动介绍 ①During the science project，my partner and I had to carry out several experiments.It was challenging，but we decided to carry it through and finish it no matter what.On the day of the presentation，we were 学生用书第98页 nervous，but when we saw our results，we were so proud.It carried me back to the first time I tried to do a science experiment，and I felt so happy to see how much I had learned. ②The attack is believed to have been carried out during the early morning hours. ③You'll have an accident if you carry on driving(drive)like that. ④校队包揽了乒乓球比赛的所有奖项。 The school team carried off all the prizes of the table tennis. signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志 (教材原句)In 2022，the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.2022年，梦天舱的发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。 (1)signal(to)sb to do sth　　 示意某人做某事 signal [(to)sb] that... 示意(某人)…… (2)a signal for sb to do sth 某人做某事的信号 a signal of/that... ……的信号　　 佳句 The coach blew his whistle as a signal for the players to start the game.(读后续写之动作描写)教练吹响了哨子，作为运动员们开始比赛的信号。 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①The police signalled the traffic to move(move)forward slowly. ②When he closes his book，it's a signal for everyone to stand up. ③Chest pains can be a warning signal of heart problems. ④为了不被听到，她向上指了指，表示有人在楼上走动。 In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to signal that someone was moving about upstairs． Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语 (教材原句)...and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. ……1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 (1)当被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 (2)抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，courage，opportunity，wish 等后常用动词不定式作定语。 (3)被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词时，常用动词不定式作定语。 (4)表示将要发生的动作时，常用动词不定式作定语。　　 佳句 He was the first one to win three gold medals in a single Olympic Games.(人物介绍)他是第一个在一届奥运会上赢得三枚金牌的运动员。 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物描写 ①The next thing to do(do)is to keep the machine on for five minutes. ②The car to be bought(buy)next week is for his sister. ③无论发生什么，我们都应该有面对困难的勇气。 Whatever happens，we should have the courage to face the difficulties． 句型公式：while意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句 (教材原句) However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die.然而，尽管这些灾难带来了很多的悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的愿望并没有消失。 学生用书第99页 连词while的其他用法还有： (1)while作“当……时候，和……同时”讲时，引导时间状语从句； (2)while作“只要”讲时，引导条件状语从句； (3)while作“然而，可是”讲时，连接两个并列句，表示对比关系。　　 佳句 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Some students might have advanced speaking skills while others may struggle with basic conversation.(表达观点)有些学生可能有高级的口语技能，而其他人可能很难进行基本的对话。 写出下列句中while的含义/读后续写之人物描写 ①While traveling can broaden your mind，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.尽管，虽然 ②While there is life，there is hope.只要 ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)While you're in China，Mount Huangshan is a must to visit！当……时候 ④(2022·全国乙卷)Appreciating English songs is the most likeable，accounting for 65% while browsing English learning websites is the least，only 12%.然而，可是 ⑤虽然他不是最快的，但他的决心让他赢得了比赛。 While he is not the fastest，his determination won him races. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $