Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版）

本讲义围绕高中英语语言知识与技能构建学习支架，涵盖核心词汇（如monthly income等短语）、拓展词汇（如accident的词形转换及构词规律）、阅读词汇（如pole、limp等）、重点短语（如pass away、in memory of）及典型句式（如be doing...when...、独立主格结构等），形成从基础积累到语言运用的完整脉络。 该资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过构词规律教学（如动词+ance构成名词）提升词汇学习效率，结合教材原句解析句式功能，助力语言表达准确性。写作模块（如《守株待兔》仿写）通过情境任务与步骤指导，培养思维品质与学习能力，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、提升语言应用能力。

Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing and the other parts 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ◎核心单词——练通 1．monthly income　　　　　　 月收入 2．whisper a secret 悄悄说一个秘密 3．stay up until midnight 熬夜到午夜 4．take a bite of the apple 咬一口苹果 5．bite your lip 咬住嘴唇 6．the meeting chairman 会议主席 7．tip the waitress 给女服务员小费 8．disguise oneself as a clown 假扮成小丑 9．wipe away tears 擦去眼泪 10．fall into despair 陷入绝望 11．make a decision and therefore act 做出决定，因此采取行动 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．accident n．事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv.意外地；偶然地 2．operation n．手术；企业；经营→operate v．操作；运转；动手术→operator n．电话接线员；操作员 3．assist vt.帮助；援助→assistant n．助理；助手→assistance n．帮助；援助 4．memory n．记忆力；回忆→memorize v．记住→memorable adj.值得纪念的；难忘的 5．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 6．flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地→flexibility n．灵活性 1．规律：动词＋后缀-ance构成名词 示例：assist vt.帮助；援助→assistance n．帮助；援助　perform v．表现→performance n．表现，性能 appear v．显现；出现→appearance n．外观 2．规律：名词＋后缀-ful构成形容词 示例：harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的　care n．关心→careful adj.小心的　help n．帮助→helpful adj.有帮助的 　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．reach the pole　　　　　　 到达极点 2．run a lap 跑一圈 3．a chain of mountains 一连串的山脉 4．an open-air café 户外咖啡馆 5．a pregnant woman 一个孕妇 6．the shopping cart 购物车 7．spill coffee on the table 使咖啡溢出到桌子上 8．limp across the finish line 一瘸一拐地穿过终点线 学生用书第50页 9．military might 军事力量 10．a moral fable 道德寓言故事 11．the basketball court 篮球场 12．per week 每周 13．emotional tension 情绪紧张 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．去世　　　　　　 pass away 2．作为对……的纪念 in memory of 3．被……绊倒 trip over 4．流着泪；含着泪 in tears 5．处于绝望中 in despair 第二组　英译汉 6．first aid 急救 7．a great deal (of) 大量 8．crash into 撞上 9．make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 10．succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　be doing...when...正在做……，这时…… 教材原句　I was sitting...when...(我正坐在那里……，这时……) 2．句型公式　独立主格结构 教材原句　After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head(每个人头上都顶着一罐水). 3．句型公式　neither...nor...既不……也不…… 教材原句　Neither she nor her friends(无论是她，还是她的朋友都没有)thought about moving the stone out of the road. 4．句型公式　if not 不然，要不 教材原句　If not(如果不是的话)，we surely must find the owner，for he will certainly miss it. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 in tears流着泪；含着泪 (教材原句)She picked herself up and limped away in tears.她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐地走了。 burst into tears　　　　 突然大哭起来 hold back one's tears 强忍住眼泪 be moved to tears 感动得流泪 　　 佳句 Excited and moved，both of them were in tears.(读后续写之神情、动作描写)既激动又感动，他们两个都泪流满面。 语段填空/读后续写之心理、动作描写 ①When sensing she was lost in the forest，she burst into tears (突然大哭起来). ②The moment they met，they hugged each other tightly and couldn't hold back their tears(强忍住眼泪). ③看到她最好的朋友经过多年的努力实现了自己的梦想，她感动得流下了骄傲和喜悦的泪水。 Seeing her best friend achieve her dream after years of hard work，she was moved to tears with pride and joy. harm n．&vt.伤害；损害(harmful adj. 有害的harmless adj.无害的) (教材原句)Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm? 难道整个村子都没有一个人觉得有责任让邻居免遭不测吗？ (1)do harm to sb/sth＝do sb/sth harm 　　　 对某人/某物有害 (2)be harmful to 对……有害　　 学生用书第51页 佳句 He realized that his careless words had caused harm to his friend's feelings.(读后续写之心理描写) 他意识到自己的粗心大意的话语伤害了朋友的感情。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之演讲稿 ①Despite its scary appearance，the large spider in the garden is actually harmless (harm) and helps control pests. ②Tears help to protect the eye from potentially harmful (harm) foreign bodies. ③吸烟不仅对吸烟者自己的健康有害，还通过二手烟对周围的人造成伤害。 Not only is smoking harmful to the smoker's health，but it also does harm to those around them through second-hand smoke. a great deal(of)大量 (教材原句)After a great deal of effort，she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. 费了好大一番工夫，她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。 (1)a great/good deal，用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。 (2)a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多”，作主语或者宾语。 (3)a great/good deal of“许多的，大量的”，只能修饰不可数名词。　　 佳句 Typically，fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of patience.(兴趣爱好)通常，钓鱼是一项需要很多耐心的爱好。 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①A great deal has(have)been studied and this is the best way. ②At present，a great deal of their work is(be)unfinished. ③I think he sang much better than I. →I think he sang a great deal better than I. Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：be doing...when...正在做……，这时…… (教材原句)I was sitting...when...我正坐在那里……，这时…… be about to do sth when...＝be on the point of doing sth when... 正要做某事，这时…… had(just)done sth when... 刚做完某事，这时…… 　　 佳句 I was driving down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.(读后续写之动作描写) 我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错路了。 补全句子/句型转换 ①She was walking along the bank of the river when (正沿着河岸走，这时) she heard a cry for help. ②I had just turned on the computer when (刚刚打开电脑，这时) my parents came back unexpectedly. ③Seated in the classroom，I was on the point of taking my books out when suddenly I became frozen. →Seated in the classroom，I was about to take my books out when suddenly I became frozen. 学生用书第52页 句型公式：独立主格结构 (教材原句)After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head. 过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。 (1)该结构通常由“名词/代词＋动词-ing形式/过去分词短语/动词不定式短语/介词短语等”构成。 (2)该结构用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等。　　 佳句 Steven walked slowly to the bus，his head down，tears in his eyes.(读后续写之动作、神情描写) 史蒂文慢慢地走向公交车，低着头，眼含泪水。 单句语法填空/句型转换 ①All our savings gone(go)，we started looking for jobs. ②The guide leading(lead)the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest. ③Jim was listening attentively to the lecture，and all his attention was fixed on it. →Jim was listening attentively to the lecture，all his attention fixed on it．(变为含有独立主格的简单句) 句型公式：neither...nor...既不……也不…… (教材原句)Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. 无论是她自己，还是她的朋友，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。 (1)neither...nor...可连接并列的主语、宾语、谓语、表语等。连接并列主语时，谓语的数与靠近它的主语一致，即就近一致原则。 (2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词： either...or... 不是……就是…… not...but... 不是……而是…… not only...but (also)... 不但……而且…… 　　 佳句 Moreover，the weather here in spring is pleasant，neither too cold nor too hot.(天气描写) 此外，这儿春天的天气宜人，既不太冷也不太热。 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物描写 ①Neither the students nor the teacher has(have)arrived on time due to the heavy rain. ②Not you but the scientist is(be)to attend the ceremony to be held in our school. ③吉姆和他的父母都没有看过这部电影。 Neither Jim nor his parents have seen the film. 句型公式：if not 不然，要不 (教材原句)If not，we surely must find the owner，for he will certainly miss it. 如果不是的话，我们得找到失主，他一定十分着急。 if so　　　 如果这样的话 if any 如果有的话 if ever 如果有过或发生过的话 if necessary/possible 如果有必要/可能的话　　 佳句 If it's convenient for you，let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.If not，let me know what time suits you best.(应用文之邀请信)如果你方便的话，我们8：30在学校门口见面。如果不行的话，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。 补全句子/应用文写作之佳句 ①She wants to go with us，if possible(如果可能的话). ②My mother seldom，if ever(如果有过的话)，goes to the cinema. ③我想中午会有一班高铁。如果没有的话，你只好等到下午2点了。 I think there's a high-speed train at midday.If not，you will have to wait till 2 o'clock in the afternoon. 学生用书第53页 NO.1　单元写作——寓言故事的评论 ◎ THE STONE IN THE ROAD Once upon a time there was a king who often thought，“Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.”[1]One day，he had an idea. Early one morning，the king disguised himself and went to a local village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched. The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart.He crashed into the stone，spilling the milk everywhere.[2]“What fool put this stone here？”he shouted.He picked himself up and angrily went away. After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head.[3] One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground.She picked herself up and limped away in tears.Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone，but he found nobody making an attempt to move it.The king was in despair.“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？” Just then，the king saw a young girl coming along. [4]She was the daughter of a local farmer.She had been working all day and was very tired.But when she saw the stone，she said to herself，“This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark.I'll move it out of the way.” The girl pushed the stone with all her might.After a great deal of effort，she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been! Just then，the king stepped out from behind the tree.“Oh sir，”the girl said，“does this gold belong to you？If not，we surely must find the owner，for he will certainly miss it.” The king said，“My dear，the gold is mine.I put it in the road and moved the stone over it.Now the gold is yours，because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.” [5] ◎ 学语言 第一、二段 1．文章第一、二段complain，disguised，placed，hid等词表达了国王对只会抱怨且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题的一番良苦用心。 2．第一段中使用了高级句式[1]whose people only complain and expect...为限制性定语从句，将这个国家子民的那种抱怨、期待别人帮助的心情表达得淋漓尽致。 第三、四段 1．文章第三、四段crashed into，spilling，shouted，angrily，balancing，tripped over，limped away in tears等词语细致形象地描写了子民被石头绊倒的狼狈神态及为了绕过石头而小心翼翼的心情。 2．第三、四段中使用了以下高级句式[2]He crashed into the stone，spilling the milk everywhere。句中的spilling为动词-ing形式作伴随状语；[3]After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head.句中的each balancing为独立主格结构在句中作伴随状语。 第五至九段 1．文章第五至九段attempt，in despair，responsibility，tired，pushed，effort，succeeded等词语表达了国王的绝望和这个女孩搬石头的艰辛及国王想要教给子民的道理。 2．第五至九段中使用了以下高级句式[4]Just then，the king saw a young girl coming along.句中的 saw a young girl coming为 “see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；[5]Now the gold is yours，because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.本句中有两个定语从句，句中的who has...为定语从句，修饰先行词the only person；I wanted to...为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the lesson。the lesson一词道出了国王想教给子民的道理。 学生用书第54页 知结构 短文由三部分组成。第一部分介绍了国王的思虑，第二部分详细地描述了子民的表现，第三部分表达了国王教给子民的道理只有这个女孩学会了。 1．文章第一段交代了事件：国王的思虑：“如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，而且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。”第二段讲述了国王解决问题的办法。 2．文章第三至七段详细地描述了子民的表现，送奶工和一群妇女都只是埋怨这块石头，却没人试着把它挪开，国王看到这种表现十分绝望，最后一个女孩费了好大一番工夫，终于成功地把石头推到了路边。在表达中使用了The first person，After a while，all day，Just then等过渡词汇使文章条理清晰。 3．第八、九段做出了总结，国王发表的感想：“我想教给我的子民的道理，只有你一个人学会了。” [情境任务写作] 你最近又读了古代寓言故事《守株待兔》，从中学到了很多生活哲理，你打算把这则寓言故事分享给你的外国朋友，希望他们能对中国文化有更多的了解，同时能从中学到一些人生的道理。内容包括： 1．对故事的简要介绍； 2．你从中悟出的人生哲理； 3．你的希望。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 参考词汇：树桩stump；锄头hoe；讽刺satirize [仿写程序步骤] 1．一仿结构布局合理 第一段：简要介绍故事 第二段：自己悟出的人生哲理 第三段：你的希望 2．二仿语言规范美观 (1)一天，在田里耕作时，他看到一只野兔不小心撞到一个树桩上死了。 One day，while he was ploughing in his field，he saw a hare bump into a stump accidentally and died. (2)从那天开始，他放下锄头，在树桩边等着野兔再次出现，但是没等到好运再来。 From that day on，he put down his hoe and waited by the stump for a second hare to turn up，but no luck. (3)这则故事讽刺了那些仅等待运气，而不是依靠努力去获取他们所需要的东西的人。 The story satirizes those who just wait for luck，rather than making efforts to obtain what they need. (4)辛勤劳动最珍贵。 Working hard is the most valuable． 3．三仿句式高级表达 (5)用“连词＋动词-ing形式”作状语改写句(1)。 One day，while ploughing in his field，he saw a hare bump into a stump accidentally and died. 学生用书第55页 (6)用动词-ing形式短语作状语改写句(2)。 From that day on，he put down his hoe，waiting by the stump for a second hare to turn up，but no luck. (7)用强调句型改写句(4)。 It is working hard that is the most valuable. 4．四仿教材连句成篇 [参考范文] A young farmer wanted to eat good food every day，but he didn't like working.One day，while ploughing in his field，he saw a hare bump into a stump accidentally and died.He had the chance to eat delicious meat of the hare.From that day on，he put down his hoe，waiting by the stump for a second hare to turn up，but no luck. The story satirizes those who just wait for luck，rather than making efforts to obtain what they need. I hope we shouldn't be that kind of people.It is working hard that is the most valuable. NO.2　读后续写—— “划读”“构思” 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·河南省郑州市高一期末) On my twelfth birthday，I desired a shining new bicycle.However，considering our family's financial struggle，I realized that such a bike was merely an impossible dream.Then，I decided to choose a nightstand (床头柜).It seemed like a sensible choice，as it would provide me with a safe space to store my personal things.Therefore，I requested my parents for a nightstand equipped with lockable drawers. We visited the second-hand furniture store and chanced upon an old nightstand in a dark brown color.Although its appearance wasn't attractive，it had drawers that could be locked.I decided to repaint it in order to make it look better. After bringing it home，I prepared to paint the nightstand.However，as I pulled out the drawers，I found something stuck to the back of the bottom drawer.Curious and eager，I reached deep into the back and was surprised to discover a bag. Upon opening the bag，I discovered several official-looking papers within，under which there was a wad (沓) of dollar bills！Imagine my surprise when I found such a treasure，especially on my birthday！Eagerly，I read the papers，which turned out a will.A certain elderly woman was leaving her savings to her son and grandchildren.It must have been that after her passing no one knew of the money.Her family donated the nightstand to a second-hand furniture store，and now it has found its way into my hand. I counted the money and found it totaled over 1，000 dollars.My heart was racing with excitement.With such a large amount，I could buy the coolest bicycle.I even had enough to buy bicycles for my younger brothers.Perhaps I could even surprise my parents with a car.What a dilemma！Should I keep the money and use it to buy all kinds of things for myself and my family? Or should I return it all? “Somebody helps me with this！” I begged.But I knew I didn't truly need anyone to give me the answer.I had a clear sense of right and wrong.I decided not to fail this test.It was a test of my virtue. 注意：1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I asked my family to come to my bedroom and showed them what I'd found. A few days later，the old lady's son came to my house with his wife. 学生用书第56页 第一步：划读语篇 On my twelfth birthday，I desired a shining new bicycle．However，considering our family's financial struggle，I realized that such a bike was merely an impossible dream．Then，I decided to choose a nightstand (床头柜).It seemed like a sensible choice，as it would provide me with a safe space to store my personal things.Therefore，I requested my parents for a nightstand equipped with lockable drawers. We visited the second-hand furniture store and chanced upon an old nightstand in a dark brown color．Although its appearance wasn't attractive，it had drawers that could be locked．I decided to repaint it in order to make it look better. After bringing it home，I prepared to paint the nightstand．However，as I pulled out the drawers，I found something stuck to the back of the bottom drawer.Curious and eager，I reached deep into the back and was surprised to discover a bag. Upon opening the bag，I discovered several official-looking papers within，under which there was a wad (沓) of dollar bills！Imagine my surprise when I found such a treasure，especially on my birthday！Eagerly，I read the papers，which turned out a will.A certain elderly woman was leaving her savings to her son and grandchildren．It must have been that after her passing no one knew of the money.Her family donated the nightstand to a second-hand furniture store，and now it has found its way into my hand. I counted the money and found it totaled over 1，000 dollars.My heart was racing with excitement．With such a large amount，I could buy the coolest bicycle.I even had enough to buy bicycles for my younger brothers.Perhaps I could even surprise my parents with a car.What a dilemma！Should I keep the money and use it to buy all kinds of things for myself and my family? Or should I return it all? “Somebody helps me with this！” I begged．But I knew I didn't truly need anyone to give me the answer. I had a clear sense of right and wrong.I decided not to fail this test.It was a test of my virtue. ①开端：故事开头，主人公在自己12岁生日时渴望得到一辆崭新的自行车，但由于家庭经济困难，意识到这个愿望几乎不可能实现。于是决定选择一个实用的夜灯柜，这显示了主人公的成熟和理性。 ②发展：主人公和家人一起去二手家具店，发现了一只旧的夜灯柜。虽然外观不吸引人，但它具有锁的抽屉。主人公决定为这只夜灯柜重新上漆，体现出主人公的动手能力和创造力。 ③发展：在准备涂漆时，主人公发现了一个包裹，里面有一叠美元和遗嘱。主人公的好奇心驱使他去探索，最终找到了遗嘱并发现了这笔意外的财富。 ④情感起伏：当主人公发现钱财时，内心充满了激动和兴奋，尤其是在生日当天找到这样一个“宝藏”。然而，随之而来的是道德上的挣扎：是否该保留这些钱用于自己和家人的需求，还是应该将其归还给原本的拥有者。 ⑤伏笔：前文中的“这是一场考验我品德的测试”暗示了主人公内心的道德困境，并为最终的决定做了铺垫。 第二步：续写构思 1．续写第一段首句：I asked my family to come to my bedroom and showed them what I'd found. ①与上面第一段首句的衔接句：大家立刻被那叠美元钞票吸引住了，愣在原地，嘴巴张得大大的，惊讶得说不出话来。 ②过渡句：我告诉他们我打算把这笔钱全部归还，他们毫不犹豫地支持了我。 ③过渡句：我们向二手家具店的店主寻求帮助。通过查阅捐赠记录，我们找到了那位老人的儿子的电话号码。 ④与下面第二段首句的衔接句：我们立即联系了他，告知了他遗嘱和钱的事，并与他约好了见面时间。 2．续写第二段首句：A few days later，the old lady's son came to my house with his wife. ①与上面第二段首句的衔接句：当他看到那笔钱和遗嘱时，眼中涌出了泪水，那些东西让他想起了母亲。 ②过渡句：夫妻俩向我们表达了感激之情，说他们正面临困境，而我这一诚实的举动正是及时的帮助，不仅给了他们一线希望，也增强了他们的信心。 ③主旨升华句：没有任何一辆新自行车能与我在那天所经历的激动心情相比，因为我终于通过了一次重大的品德考验。 第三步：依据“构思”成文 　　I asked my family to come to my bedroom and showed them what I'd found. 学生用书第57页 　　A few days later，the old lady's son came to my house with his wife. 【范文赏析】 I asked my family to come to my bedroom and showed them what I'd found.Eyes caught by the wad of dollar bills at once，they stood there，frozen with shock and open-mouthed.I told them of my intention to return the entire sum，and without hesitation，they all supported me.We then sought help from the owner of the second-hand furniture store.By looking through the donation records，we spotted the son's telephone number.We immediately reached out to him，informed him of the will and the money，and made an appointment with him. A few days later，the old lady's son came to my house with his wife.Tears welled up in the man's eyes when he saw the money and the papers，which brought back his memories about his mother.The couple expressed their gratitude to us，saying that they were in trouble and that my act of honesty came as a timely help，not only offering them a ray of hope but also strengthening their faith.No new bicycle could ever compare to the excitement I experienced on that day，as I had finally passed a significant test of virtue. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $