Unit 1 SectionⅢ Learning About Language（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（人教版）

UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了日本 BBT大学最近迫于疫情，将毕业典礼转移到了线上， 使用机器人来代替毕业生参加典礼。 1.to limit[句意为：受新型冠状病毒肺炎的影响，很 多特殊活动和集会都被推迟了，以此来限制病毒传 播。a way to do sth..意为“做某事的一种方法”。 故填to limit。 2.the[句意为：但是对于日本的毕业生来说，持续 存在的病毒也无法阻止他们走上台接受毕业证书。 这里的病毒在前文中已经提到，此处表示特指，要 用定冠词the。故填the。] 3.their[句意为：BBT大学最近找到一种方法，不 仅能让他们继续课程…此处作定语，修饰名词 curriculums,要用形容词性物主代词。故填 their。 4.but[句意为：…将大部分课程转移到线上平 台，而且显然继续沿用了进度表…此处为not only..but also...结构，故填but。] 5.apparently[此处修饰动词，作状语，应用副词形 式。故填apparently。] Section IⅢ Learn 要点 [词汇精讲] l.(教材P4)We should be aware of this and not spread unkind news around. 我们应该意识到这一点，不应四处散布不友好的 消息。 be aware of明白，知道，意识到；察觉到 ◆[佳句感知] She's well aware of her strengths and weaknesses as an artist. 她很清楚自己作为艺术家的优点和缺点。 汇归纳拓展] make sb.aware of使某人意识到 be/become aware that...知道…，意识到… as far as I'm aware(=as far as I know)据我所知 unaware adj..不知道；未察觉 be unaware of..不知道…，没意识到… awareness n.[U,sing.]意识，知道 raise awareness of sth.提高对某事物的意识 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DAs soon as I saw a large crowd at the street cor- ner,Iwas/became aware that(意识到)something unusual happened. ②As far as I'm aware/As far as I know(据我所 )no proper investigation has ever been carried out into the subject. ③If humans have no awareness of protection(保护 的意识)，natural resources will run out soon. 五维课堂 6.being exposed[risk doing sth.意为“冒险做某 事”，而be exposed to意为“暴露于…之下”。故 填being exposed,.] 7.graduates[句意为：毕业生们远程操纵机器人接 受毕业证书。graduate作名词时，意为“毕业生”， 是可数名词，此处是指很多毕业生，所以应用复数 形式。故填graduates。] 8.developed[句意为：全日空航空公司研制的这种 机器人，每个都配备了一块显示屏…develop在 此是非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰词是逻辑上的被 动关系，所以应用过去分词形式。故填devel-- oped。] 9.enabled[句意为：…还配有手臂，能使它们代 表毕业生接受毕业证书。enable在此是从句谓语 动词，先行词是arms为复数，此处表示发生在过去 的动作，应用一般过去时。故填enabled。] 10.where[l0 they could send comments在此 是定语从句，修饰先行词Z0om,关系词在定语从 句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故 填where,] ng about language 层层精析 对应学生讲义P11 [语法填空] DThe dog suddenly started barking as if aware of the stranger's approach. 5The three-month,1,900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's way of raising awareness (aware)of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. 6Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being una- ware (aware)of what is happening around them. 2.(教材P4)Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed innocent until proven other- wise. 无论是谁被指控犯了罪，都应该被假定为无罪，直 到（他）被证明有罪。 charge vt.&vi.控告，指控；收费，要价；充电n.控 告，指控；要价，收费；掌管，负责 ◆[佳句感知] The newspaper charged her with using the company's money for her own purposes. 这家报社指控她将公司的钱挪作私用。 Tickets were very expensive.They charged sixty dollars for each seat.I didn't realize they charged for drinks and food. 票很贵。他们每个座位要价60美元。我不知道他们 收茶点费用。 I'm not in charge of the project.Mr Brown is the person in charge. 我不负责这个工程。布朗先生是负责人。 世五维课堂 [归纳拓展] charge sb.with (doing)sth.=accuse sb.of (do- ing)sth.控告/指控某人（做）某事 charge...for..因…向…收费 charge for..收…的费用 free of charge(=for free)免费 in charge负责 in charge of...主管/负责…（表状态，主语通常 为人) in the charge of sb.由某人掌管（主语通常为物） take charge(of..)掌管/负责(…)（表动作） ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Who's in charge of(负责)operations here?I want to speak to the person who makes the decisions. 2Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you.Your replacement card will be produced free of charge(免费). [语法填空] 3-Do you know Mr Hall very well? -Yes,he used to be an editor and take charge of the business part of the paper. 4You were charged with ignoring your duty.Who accused you of this? 5It was said that the project was in the charge of an expert from Beijing. 6We won't charge customers for on-site parking and provide high-speed Wi-Fi. 3.(教材P4)money paid for work or services,typ ically on a daily or weekly basis 为工作或服务支付的钱，通常按日或按周支付 ona..basis根据；以…的方式（基准） ◆[佳句感知] We do not try to fine-tune the economy on the basis of short-term predictions. 我们不会根据短期的预测就试图对经济进行微调。 归纳拓展了 basis n.基础；根据 on the basis of sth.在某事的基础上；根据某事 base n.基础；底部；基地；总部 t.把基地设在…；以…为基础（常用被动语态） be based on/upon..以…为基础，以…为根据 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] DTheir marketing strategy is based (base)on a study of consumer spending. 2I attended a course on basic (base)computer skills. 3The film is based on/upon a novel by D.H.Law- rence. DBased (base)on a real person,the story is really touching. 英语·选择性必修第四册 [翻译句子] ⑤我们的政策应建立在自力更生(self-reliance)的基 础上。 Our policy should be based on self-reliance./Our policy should be established on the basis of self-reliance. ⑥我们将定期在那里会面。 We're going to/will meet there on a regular basis. 4.(教材P4)They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us,we will have more time for creating,thinking,and "being hu- man”. 他们认为如果人工智能可以为我们处理计算、驾驶 之类的任务，我们就会有更多的时间去创造、思考， 以及“做人”。 calculate vt..计算；核算；预测 ◆[佳句感知] This might seem like an easy figure to calculate. 这个数字可能看上去很容易计算。 汇归纳拓展】 calculate on sth.指望，期望某物 calculate on sb./sth.doing sth.指望某人/某物做 某事 be calculated to do sth.旨在做某事，用意在于做 某事 calculate that...计算…；预测… It is calculated that...据估算… calculation n.计算；推测；算计 calculator n.计算器 calculating adj,精于算计的 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DThis advertisement is calculated to appeal to chil- dren. 这个广告旨在吸引儿童。 2 Having created nine such ice reserves,Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200,000 m of water. 建好了9个这样的冰窖后，诺菲尔预测他已经储存了 大约20万立方米的水。 3These calculations are based on the latest statis- tics. 这些计算结果是以最近的统计数字为根据的。 [语法填空] DShe lied with cold calculation (calculate). 5Thomas was a cold and calculating (calculate)guy. 6She carries a pocket calculator (calculate)every- where. DWe calculated on an early start. UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 五维课堂型 [重点句型] (1)在时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、 (教材P4)Whoever is charged with a crime should 方式状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一 be presumed innocent until proven otherwise. 致，同时从句谓语中有be动词，可省去该从句的主语 无论是谁被指控犯了罪，都应该被假定为无罪，直 和be动词，这时从句中可以出现如下结构： 到（他）被证明有罪。 ①连词十名词/形容词/介词短语 [句式分析] Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed ②连词十现在分词/过去分词 Whoever写引导的主语从句，相当charged withrm” Though (he was)young,he succeeded in taking 于“Anyone who is apart the machine skillfully and then put it together until proven otherwise innocent without any difficulty. until引导的时间状语从句的省略 ◆[即学即练] 他虽然年轻，但熟练地把这个机器拆开了，然后又毫 [语法填空] 不费力地装好了它。 DAmy,as well as her brothers,was given a warm When/While (I was)on my way to work,I met her. welcome when returning (return)to the village last 在上班的路上，我遇见了她。 week. While (I was)cleaning my bedroom,I heard a 2Misunderstandings arising from lack of social com- scream coming from downstairs suddenly. munication,unless handled (handle)properly,may lead 我在打扫卧室的时候，突然听到楼下传来一声尖叫。 to serious problems. [完成句子] The medicine is quite effective if (it is)taken on ③—谁应该为这次事故负责？ time. 是老板，而不是工人们，他们仅仅是按照嘱咐的 这药要是能按时服用，效果是很好的。 那样去做。 (2)当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，但从句的主 -Who should be responsible for the accident? 语是it,且谓语中有be动词时，可以把it和be动词 -The boss,not the workers.They just did as 一起省略。 (they were)told. Please answer these questions without referring to ④亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。 Henry looked about as if (he was)in search of the book,if (it is)possible. something. 如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。 语法。探究突破 对应学生讲义P14 被动语态 自我探究 总结归纳 1.It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife,Claire. 过去将来时的被动语态 2....but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't 不定式的被动语态 harm her or allow her to be harmed 3.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked 过去进行时的被动语态 so human,and it was disturbing. 4.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his 一般过去时的被动语态 work on the house. 5.1,000 computers have been sold this week. 现在完成时的被动语态 6.Measures will be taken to stop pollution. 一般将来时的被动语态 ·19· 世五维课堂 英语·选择性必修第四册 [基本概念] 其构成为：助动词be十及物动词的过去分词。在被 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语 动语态中，动作的执行者一般由by引出，但在多数情 态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被 况下被省略。通常只有需要动作对象的及物动词才 动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者， 有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。 [思维导图] 被动语态的时态形式表 被动语态的构成 含有情态动词的被动语态 被动语态的特殊情况 不定式的被动语态 连系动词（如look,sound,smell等）后接表语时 主动形式表示 被动语态 被动意义的情况 当open,close,,shut等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时 want,need,require等少数表示“需要”的动词后跟u.-ing时 不及物动词（短语）无被动语态 在主动语态里，跟在动词see,make,hear等后面作宾语补足 使用被动语态时 语的动词不定式不带to,但变为被动语态时，to必须补上 应注意的问题 接双宾语的动词变被动语态 将含有“动词十介词/副词”类短语动词的主动句变为 被动句时，原短语动词中的介词或副词应保留 [语法精析] My car was being fixed by him at six yesterday. 一、被动语态的构成 昨天六点钟他正在修理我的汽车。 被动语态由“be十过去分词”构成，be动词随主 English has been studied by us for three years at 语的人称、数、时态和语气而变化。 school. 我们已经在学校学习了三年英语。 常用时态 被动形式 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last 一般现在时 am/is/are done year. 一般过去时 was/were done 截至去年年底，我们已经生产了100辆拖拉机。 [学以致用] 一般将来时 shall/will be done [语法填空] 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 1.-The machine is working again! -Yes,it broke down yesterday,but it has been 过去进行时 was/were being done fixed (fix). 现在完成时 have/has been done 2.In 2015,one in 12 people around the world were 过去完成时 had been done over 65;by 2050,it will be one in six.This aging of the population is driven(drive)by two factors. English is spoken by many people. 3.On the last day of our week-long stay,we were invited 很多人都说英语。 (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm The foreign guests were given warm welcome by the on the North Shore under the stars,listening to musici- children. ans and meeting interesting locals. 外国来宾受到了孩子们的热烈欢迎 4.My washing machine is being repaired (repair) Several big modern power plants will be built in our this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand. city. 5.People tend to focus on the first factor.However, 我市将建造几座大型现代化发电厂。 greater attention should be placed (place)on lon- The main building of Shanghai Jiao Tong University gevity(长寿). is being repaired by the workers. 6.Truly elegant chopsticks might be made (make) 工人们正在维修上海交通大学的主楼。 of gold and silver with Chinese characters. ·20· UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 汇温馨提示] l.含情态动词的被动结构为：情态动词十be done, 2.被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词后加not, The project hasn't been finished yet. 这项工程还没有完成。 Measures will not be taken to prevent corrosion. (我们)将不再采取措施来防止腐蚀。 二、被动语态的基本用法 (1)说话人所要表达的语义重心是动作的承受者且没 有必要提到执行者时，常用被动语态。 English lessons are being broadcast on the radio now. 现在收音机上正在播英语课。 This product can't be on sale unless it has been tested out. 除非经过测试，否则这个产品是不可以销售的。 In 1976 King Kong's unfortunate story was retold with a man in a suit with makeup and a robot. 1976年金刚令人惋惜的故事再次被搬上银幕，由真 人穿上猩猩装，外加化妆技术和机器模型来呈现。 (2)不太清楚动作的执行者是谁，或者不便道出动作 的执行者时，常用被动语态。 This bridge was built in the 18th century. 这座桥建于18世纪。 The reporters were told not to enter that area. 记者被告知不要进人那片区域。 P[学以致用] 句型转换 7.Flashing lights and the sea of faces surrounded two pairs of dancers on a round stage. -Two pairs of dancers on a round stage were sur- rounde by flashing lights and the sea of faces. 8.Don't be anxious,and they will tell you where to go later. ->Don't be anxious,and you will be told where to go by them later. 9.In order to protect the environment,the govern- ment has taken action. ->Action has been taken by the government in or- der to protect the environment. [语法填空] 10.The parts of a museum open to the public are called (call)galleries or rooms. 11.The polar bear is found (find)in the Arctic Cir- cle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. 三、常见的被动语态句式结构 (1)主语十被动语态的谓语动词+其他成分。 Customers are asked to make sure that they have been given the right change before leaving the shop. 顾客们被要求在离开商店之前确认收银员找对了零钱。 ·2 五维课堂型 The construction of the two new railway lines has been completed. 这两条新铁路线的建设已经完成了。 汇温馨提示] :如果主语后面加了短语动词的被动语态，一定要保证短 语动词的整体性，不能漏掉搭配中的介词或副词。 Look!The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 看！这些孩子们正被他们的阿姨照顾着。(o「不可 省略) Other solutions were talked about in the meeting. 其他解决方案在会上被讨论了。(about不可省略) (2)主语十被动语态的谓语动词十主语补足语 当“动词十宾语十宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时， 原来的宾语变成了被动结构中的主语，原来的宾语补 足语变成了主语补足语。 We elected James(as)chairman. 我们选了詹姆斯当主席。（主动语态） James was elected (as)chairman by us. 詹姆斯被我们选为主席。（被动语态） 汇温馨提示] 主动句中的宾补如果是省略to的动词不定式， 变成被动句后，t0必须还原，不能省略 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 有人看见一个陌生人走进了大楼。（主动语态） A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 一个陌生人被看到走进了大楼。（被动语态） (3)It十被动语态的谓语动词十主语从句 常见的结构有：It is suggested that.·,It is said that...,It is reported that...,It is known to us that...,It is believed that...,It must be pointed out that.,,It is acknowledged that...等。 It is believed that he will pass the examination. 人们相信他会通过考试。（该句话还可以换成：Heis believed to pass the examination. It must be pointed out that mistakes of this kind should not be repeated. 必须指出，这样的错误不应该再犯。 四、不定式的被动式 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式表示的动作的承 受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形 式根据其与谓语动词所表示的动作发生的先后顺序， 有一般式和完成式两种形式。 一般式to be done These are the books to be given out to the students. 这些是要发给学生的书。 He asked to be sent to the place where he was most needed. 他要求被派往最需要他的地方。 世五维课堂 完成式to have been done to have been done表示不定式的动作先于谓语动词 的动作发生。 The novel is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这部小说已被译成多种语言。 He appeared to have been questioned for many times. 看来他已经被询问过很多次了。 P[学以致用] [语法填空] 12.She didn't want to be treated(treat)like a child. 13.It is an honour for me to be asked (ask)to speak here. 14.I'd like to be informed (inform)of the process of your dealing with my complaint. 15.He hurried to the airport,only to find(find)the star had left. 16.He hurried to the airport,only to be told (tell) the star had left. 17.The telephone is considered to have been inven- ted(invent)by Alexander Bell. 五、主动形式表示被动意义 (1)连系动词（如look,sound,.smell,feel,taste,remain 等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。 Your advice sounds practical. 你的建议听起来是可行的。 Whether we can have a holiday remains unknown. 我们还不知道能否休假。 The material feels very soft. 这种材料摸起来很软。 随堂 1.单词拼写 l.The young boy is an absolute(绝对的)genius.. 2.Ben likes arranging()flowers in vases in his office. 3.A good teacher is aware(觉察到)of different needs of each student. 4.He will be sent back to Xinjiang to face a charge (指控)of armed robbery. 5.We have to go and do weekly(每周的)shopping on Sunday afternoon. 6.You'll need to calculate(算一算)how much time the assignment will take. 7.Chairman (Xi Jinping delivered an inspiring speech on the 73th China National Day (2021.10.1). 8.The salesman(售货员)in this store is kind and friendly to customers. ·2 英语·选择性必修第四册 The food tastes delicious 这种食物尝起来味道很好。 (2)open,close,shut,lock,move,read,wash, clean,cook,sell,cut,wear,carry等用作不及物动 词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被 动意义。 The door doesn't shut. 这门关不上。 The book sells well. 这书卖得不错。 (3)want,need,require等少数表示“需要”的动词后 跟u.-ing时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。其含义相 当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs cleaning.=The house needs to be cleaned. 这所房子需要打扫。 This wall requires repairing.-This wall requires to be repaired. 这面墙需要修理。 ◆[学以致用] [翻译句子] 18.这种布料很容易洗。 This kind of cloth washes easily. 19.我刚买的那支钢笔写起来流畅。 The pen I have just bought writes smoothly. 20.这些花需要浇水了。 These flowers need watering/to be watered. 21.棉花摸起来很柔软。 Cotton feels very soft. 步步夯实 对应学生讲义P17 Ⅱ.语法填空 1.Rachel Carson's popular book Silent Spring raised awareness (aware)of the dangers of pollu- tion and the harmful effects of chemicals on hu- mans. 2.When seen (see)from a distance,to tell the truth,the scenery appears more beautiful. 3.Although lacking (lack)money at that time,I managed to buy the piano for my daughter. 4.Laboratory work needs not only accurate measure- ment but also correct calculation (calculate). 5.China and Western countries have something in common when it comes to celebrating(celebrate) festivals. 6.(2019·全国Ⅲ)On our way to the house,it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 7.I have made such rapid progress in English that my parents are proud of me. 8.The snow lasted a week,causing (cause)a seri- ous traffic jam. 9.China's image is improving steadily,with more countries recognizing(recognize)its role in inter- national affairs. Ⅲ.语法专练 1.-May I help you,madam? -How terrible!The things in my shop are being stolen(steal)frequently these days. 2.A rescue worker saved two tourists who had been trapped (trap)in the mountains for two days. 3.The accident is reported to have occurred (occur) on the first Sunday in February. 4.The play to be produced (produce)next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. 5.The house which belongs/belonged (belong)to an old lady is in good condition. 6.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷语法填空节选)The artist was sure he would be chosen (choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister,the old man laughed. 7.-I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport.Why didn't you drive him there? -Because my car was being fixed(fix). 素美。 I.阅读理解 It's always nice to have a little help around the house.But what if you could employ the assistance of one of the greatest minds of the 20th century? That's the idea behind a new robot modelled af- ter Albert Einstein.Called Professor Einstein and standing just over a foot tall,this personal assistant can tell you the weather and keep track of your schedule like any other robot.With built-in Wi-Fi, Einstein robot has access to puzzles,and can answer maths problems and science questions.With natural language speech processing,you can actually inter- act with Professor Einstein.And because the robot is connected to the Internet,it is constantly updated with new information. To help get the perfect replica(复制品)of Ein stein,the Hong Kong-based tech company Hanson Robotics turned to the Hebrew University of Jerusa- lem,the home of the Albert Einstein Archives( 馆).“We worked very closely with it to bring the product to market,"the company's Dr Jeanne Lim said. 2 五维课堂型 8.We had great fun playing on the beach and it felt (feel)comfortable to bath in sunlight. 9.Equipped with 5G technology,this new type of mobile phone is popular and sells(sell)well. 10.-How was your weekend,Rose? -Wonderful!It was the first time I had been left(leave)alone at home,enjoying freedom. 11.The number of deaths from cancer will be re- duced greatly if people are persuaded(persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables. 12.We are confident that the environment will be improved (improve)through our further efforts to reduce pollution. 13.Obviously,the article my deskmate wrote yes- terday requires polishing/to be polished(polish) again. 14.-Mike,did you see Mr Chapman in the office just now? -Yes,he was being interviewed interview), and he looked a little bit nervous. 15.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agree- ment has been reached (reach)so far by the two sides. 层层提升 对应学生课时P7 -一---● Einstein robot was introduced to the public at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas and was quickly hailed by those who saw it."He became one of the breakout stars of the convention,"wrote Melia Robinson on Business Insider."Crowds floo- ded into the company to have a look at the little guy.” "Technology is often now very cold and socially isolated(孤立的)，”explained David Hanson,the co founder of the company behind the new robot."By bringing a lively character into our physical world, we're humanising(使人性化)the technology instead of dehumanising the humans. As for Hanson Robotics,the company has been building human-sized robots for over a decade.But this marks the company's first commercially availa- ble product"Professor Einstein is just the start," said Hanson."We're witnessing the arrival of con- versational robots that can walk in our world.It's a golden age of invention." [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家 以爱因斯坦为原型设计的一款名为“Professor Ein- stein”的机器人，这款机器人得到了公众的青睐。 世五维课堂 1.What can Einstein robot do? A.Teach you to learn any new language. B.Have a regular conversation with you. C.Design a number of science questions. D.Keep track of other robots constantly. 解析：B[细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句 With natural language speech processing,you can actually interact with Professor Einstein.可知，借 助于自然语言语音处理技术，你可以和“爱因斯坦 教授”机器人互动聊天。故选B项。] 2.Which of the following best explains "hailed"un- derlined in Paragraph 4? A.Broken. B.Improved. C.Ignored. D.Praised. 解析：D[词义猜测题。根据画线词后面两句中 的one of the breakout stars of the convention和 Crowds flooded into the company to have a look at the little guy.可知，这款机器人受到了人们的欢 迎，人们对它的认可度很高，由此可知，画线词意为 “表扬”，与praised意思相近，] 3.What can be inferred from David Hanson's words? A.He expects humans to be less isolated from ro- bots. B.He dreams of humanising humans through in- vention. C.He worries about a golden age of conversational robots. D.He stays hopeful about the future of robot in- vention. 解析：D[推理判断题。戴维·汉森所说的话出 现在文章最后两段，根据最后一段中的Professor Einstein is just the start We're witnessing the arrival of conversational robots that can walk in our world..It's a golden age of invention..可知，汉 森认为我们处于发明创造的黄金时代，正在见证可 会话机器人的到来，所以可推知戴维·汉森对机器 人发明的未来充满了希望。故选D项。] 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A New Robot Makes Humans Much Happier B.The Golden Age of Invention Is Approaching C.Albert Einstein "Changes"Into an Assistant D.Albert Einstein Helps to Humanise Robots 解析：C[主旨大意题。本文介绍了一款新的以爱 因斯坦为原型的机器人助理，不仅介绍了其功能， 还介绍了其市场反应和发展前景，纵观全文，C项 “阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦‘变’成助理”作为标题能概 括全文内容，且吸引读者的注意力。] ·2 英语·选择性必修第四册 Ⅱ.阅读填句 Whenever I moved to a new city,the first thing I did was to hire a bicycle.Why?1 You travel much faster than on foot and you notice so much more of your surroundings than when on a bus or in a car.It's more appealing to wander around small streets if they seem interesting,as you can quickly get back to the main road.Besides,I soon discov- ered more benefits of cycling. A bicycle means that some places,especially in a small city like the one where I live now,feel far- away.For example,cycling to work takes me half the time that it would take to walk.2 Of course, there are obvious health benefits of cycling-a bit of extra movement as part of your daily routine can help you keep fit.Cycling on my way to work also makes me feel more energetic in the morning. 3 While cars pollute the environment,bicy- cles are carbon neutral(碳中和的).Furthermore,. thanks to being petrol-free,bicycles are cheaper to run,buy and fix than cars.Even if you don't own a car,a bicycle can pay for itself when the cost is com- pared to the price of bus tickets. 4 Always wear a helmet,pay attention to other traffic and don't forget to turn on your lights at night.Make sure you know the road rules,espe- cially in a new place.Some cities are more bicycle- friendly than others.5 Luckily,where I live now is quite easy to ride a bicycle around,thanks to having lots of cycle lanes and not too many hills! A.However,be careful when you are cycling. B.But sometimes city roads are difficult for cyclists. C.I should learn to ride safely on the right of the road. D.Importantly,cycling also helps to decrease your carbon footprint. E.Cycling to work is fit for whoever wants to save their pocket money. F.Riding a bicycle also means you aren't limited to the bus timetables. G.Seeing a city by bicycle is perfect for settling in and learning your way around. [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了骑自行 车的好处。 l.G[根据空前的moved to a new city及Why?可 知，此处是介绍到达一个新城市选择骑行的理由， G项“骑车看一座城市是适应（新环境）并了解周围 道路的理想方法”符合语境。] UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 2.F[设空处前一句讲的是骑行上下班节省时间，F 项“骑车也意味着你不必受限于公交车时刻表”符 合语境，其中的also means与上文中的means 呼应。] 3.D[根据设空处下一句中的cars pollute the envi-- ronment和bicycles are carbon neutral可知，D项 “重要的是，骑车也有助于减少你的碳足迹”符合 语境。] 4.A[根据设空处下一句Always wear a helmet,. pay attention to other traffic and don't forget to turn on your lights at night..可知，你一定要戴上头 盔，注意其他的车辆，不要忘记晚上打开车灯。由 此可知，设空处应是提醒人们骑自行车时要小心。 故选A项。] 5.B[根据设空处前一句Some cities are more bicy- cle-friendly than others.及空后的Luckily可知， 一些城市比其他城市更方便人们骑车，而作者感到 很幸运，因为在作者现在居住的城市骑自行车是一 件很方便的事，由此可知，设空处应表示在一些城 市人们骑自行车不方便，B项符合语境。故选 B项。] Ⅲ.完形填空 Late one recent night,Carol Spale picked up the phone and heard quiet sobs on the line.It was her 1,an old lady who had lived on her own across the street for many years. Spale runs the local "Neighbourhood Services" committee,so she's used to receiving calls like this. The committee is 2 to those living in North Riv- erside,Illinois,where being good to neighbours is taken 3 by everyone.The committee is the 4 of Mayor Richard N.Scheck's 1992 call for community- building ideas.The committee 5 90"block cap- tains",each of whom looks over a street in North Riverside. For people nearby,Spale is the guardian(保卫 者).But why was the old lady6？As the story goes,Spale called up the lady after noticing her gar- age was open later than usual.Spale became 7 when the lady called back in tears.Spale's first 8 was that she was in trouble,but it turned out to be a lot 9 than that."She was crying because my call let her know someone is 10 her.It made her feel good now that she's alone,"Spale said. Three times a year,the committee has 11 where the locals come together to talk about the good-neighbour things they've 12.The speak- ers are often children,encouraged by their parents to do good.At a recent gathering,one little girl 13 how ·2 五维课堂色 she made a card for a neighbouring old gentleman she made 14 with,who had had a heart opera- tion."It seems there's no age difference between them,"Spale said. These kindnesses are 15 in a book sold on Amazon called We Can Build Community with the money going to the locals in need. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。在美国伊利诺伊 州的North Riverside有一个“社区服务”委员会，这 个委员会有90个街区队长，每个街区队长负责检查 一个街区。该委员会一年有3次分享大会，人们在大 会上分享自己所做的符合“好邻居”的事。他们的社 区建设给居民带去了温暖。 1.A.mother B.captain C.neighbour D.minister 解析：C[根据下文的across the street和Spale runs the local "Neighbourhood Services"commit- tee等信息可知，斯帕菜管理着当地的“社区服务” 委员会，由此可推知，她应是在很晚的时候接到一 个邻居(neighbour)打来的电话。故选C项。] 2.A.equal B.simple C.similar D.familiar 解析：D[根据下文提到的90“block captains”, each of whom looks over a street in North River- side Three times a year,the committee has 可知，这个委员会有90个街区队长，每 个街区队长负责检查一个街区，人们每年聚会3次 来交流做好事的经历等信息可知，这里的人很熟悉 (familiar)这个委员会。be familiar to..,意为“为 …所熟悉”，故选D项。] 3.A.secretly B.recently C.seriously D.obviously 解析：C[根据下文中的Mayor Richard N. Scheck's 1992 call for community-building ideas where the locals come together to talk about the good-neighbour things可知，市长呼吁社区建 设理念，并且人们聚集在一起谈论睦邻事宜，由此 可以看出，这里的人们对帮助邻居非常看重。 take..seriously意为“认真对待…”，故选 C项。] 4.A.choice B.product C.discovery D.suggestion 解析：B[根据语境可知，这个委员会一直在致力 于社区建设，由此可推知，该委员会是1992年市长 理查德·N.舍克号召社区建设构思的产物(prod uct)。故选B项。] 5.A.manages B.employs C.trains D.controls 解析：A[根据语境可知，此句在说委员会与街区 队长之间的关系，因此是管理，故选A项。] 世五维课堂 英语·选择性必修第四册 6.A.laughing B.crying 员会每年举办3次分享大会(meetings)。故选 C.singing D.shouting D项。] 解析：B[根据第一段中的heard quiet sobs on 12.A.performed B.expected the line可知，电话里传来啜泣声，crying正好与此 C.witnessed D.remembered 相呼应，故选B项。] 解析：A[根据下文的one little girl 7.A.sorry B.angry C.happy D.nervous how she made a card for a neighbouring old gen- 解析：D[根据in tears可知，女士哭着回电话，所 tleman可知，一个小女孩在大会上分享自己给邻 以斯帕菜应感到紧张，故选D项。] 居老爷爷做卡片的故事，所以当地的人们聚集在 8.A.memory B.thought 一起谈论自己做(performed)的符合“好邻居”的 C.impression D.recognition 事。故选A项。] 解析：B[根据语境可知，当斯帕菜听到邻居在电 13.A.showed B.shared 话中哭泣时，她不安起来。所以她的第一个想法 C.explained D.confirmed (thought)就是邻居遇到麻烦了，故选B项。] 解析：B[根据上文中的the locals come together 9.A.safer B.luckier C.better D.stronger to talk about the good-neighbour things可知，在 解析：C[根据but可知，事情的发展并不是斯帕 这个大会上，人们分享(shared)做好事的经历。 菜起初想的那样，形成转折，根据后文的内容可知， 故选B项。] 结果是比她想的要好得多。故选C项。] 14.A.bets B.promises 10.A.seeking B.minding C.friends D.decisions C.changing D.honouring 解析：C[后文的It seems there's no age differ- 解析：B[根据后文的feel good可知，邻居打电 ence between them是对该空的暗示。make 话时哭泣是因为她觉得有人在关心她，她很高兴。 friends with.,意为“与…交朋友”。故选 故选B项。] 11.A.competitions B.debates C项。] C.congratulations D.meetings 15.A.taken B.printed 解析：D[根据空后的where the locals come to- C.developed D.recorded gether...things可知，当地人聚在一起讨论他们 解析：D[此处是kindnesses与书之间的关系， 做的符合“好邻居”的事情。由此可推知，这个委 所以善举被记录在书中符合语境，故选D项。] Section W Using Language Assessing Your Progress 课文。对照翻译 对应学生讲义P18 THE TIME MACHINE (Adapted) 时间机器（改编版） It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines 就在今天十点钟，第一台时间机 began its career.[1]I gave it a last check,and sat myself in the 器开始了它的职业生涯。我最后检 leather seat.I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.Looking around [2],I 查了一下，坐进皮椅，把主面板上的 saw my laboratory exactly as before.Had anything happened?I 起动杆向前推进一英寸，然后再立即 thought my mind had tricked me.Then I saw the clock.A moment 向后推。我环顾四周，看到我的实验 before,it was a minute or so past ten;now it was nearly half past 室还是和以前一模一样。到底有没 three！ [l]本句为强调句，强调时间状语at ten o'clock today。.去掉It was和 有发生什么？我以为自己的头脑迷 that之后，句子为At ten o'clock today the first of all Time Machines 糊了，然后瞄了一眼时钟，发现刚刚 began its career。 是十点过一分左右，现在已经快三点 [2]“L,ooking around'”是动词-ing短语作状语，look与主语I之间是逻 辑上的主谓关系 半了！ ·26·