Unit 1 SectionⅡ Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（人教版）

世五维课堂 [语篇解读]本文讲述未来人们到月球旅行的可能 性，以及所需要的各种设施。 1.D[上文介绍了一家日本公司就组织月球旅行进 行了数年的研究，因而承接下文的是D项。实现这 一愿望有可能就在随后的十年里。] 2.C[文章2、3、4段分别介绍了实现月球旅行的三 个步骤(stage)3、4段分别为next stage和final stage。因此第二段的此空应为C,讲述的第一个步 骤(first stage),] Section I Reading 新知。 [重点单词] L,guarantee v.担保；确保n.保证；保修单；保质期 2.salary n.薪水；薪金 3.absurd adj..荒谬的；荒唐的 4.dismiss vt..让人离开；解散；解雇；消除 5.integrity n.诚实正直；完整；完好 6.dignity n.庄重；庄严；尊严 7.saleswoman n.女售货员；女销售员 8.appoint vt..任命，委派；安排→appointment n.预 约；约会；委任；职务；职位→appointed adj.指定 的；约定的 9.guilt n.内疚；自责；犯罪→guilty adj..内疚的；有罪 的；有过失的 l0.declare vt..表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.公告； 宣言；表白；书面声明 l1.favour n.[C恩惠，帮助[U门赞同；支持→favour- able adj..赞同的；有利的ot.较喜欢；有利于→ favourite adj..特别喜爱的 [重点短语] 1.test out 检验；测试 2.as a favour 出于好意；为了帮忙 3.on a business trip 出差 4.more like 更像 要点 [词汇精讲] L.(教材P2)It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife,Claire. 这项测试将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来进行。 test out检验；测试 ◆[佳句感知] The new product was tested out in 2018 and launched in2019. 新产品于2018年通过检测，2019年投放市场。 英语·选择性必修第四册 3.A[本段讲述的是实现月球旅行的第二步：建设 太空宾馆(hotel)。A项：宾馆里有各种各样的体育 活动，符合本段主题。] 4.G[本段讲述宾馆的建造要考虑到的几个因素： ①energy②runway ③cement该空后介绍的 是另一因素，该空的与前文相关，G项是建造宾馆 于月极的原因。] 5.E「该空位于研发水泥引做的段落并提出挑战，接 下文生产水的计划，可知填E项符合语境。] and Thinking(Ⅱ) 点点突破 对应学生讲义P5 5.look after 照顾，照料 6.accompany sb.to... 陪伴……到… 7.the desire to do sth. 做某事的渴望/欲望 [重点句型] 1....it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,.. [句式分析]：本句为主语从句，it为形式主语，that 引导的名词性从句为真正的主语」 试译：…这很好笑，她竟然被一个机器人同情 了… 2.As a favour,Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. [句式分析]：本句结构为：（主语）十make十宾语十 宾语补足语 试译：出于好意，托尼答应帮助克莱尔把她打扮得 更漂亮，把家布置得更雅致。 3.As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claf- fern. [句式分析]：这是一个完全倒装句，主语为Gladys Claffern;谓语为stood。 试译：当她转过身时，（发现）格拉迪斯·克拉芬就 在身后。 层层精析 对应学生讲义P5 汇归纳拓展] test sb./sth.for sth. 检测和衡量某人某物的… test sth./sb.on sb./sth. 检测和衡量某人/某物的… ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] D The students tested out their cost-cutting pro- gramme in several companies. 学生们在几家公司试验了他们的削减成本计划。 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 2She tested the students on irregular verbs. 她对学生进行不规则动词的检测。 [语法填空] 3People are against testing (test)medicine on animals. DHave you seen on TV drugs being tested (test)on animals? 2.(教材P2)..but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. …但是拉里使她相信机器人不会伤害她，也不会 让她受到伤害。 persuade vt..使相信，使信服；劝说，说服 ◆[佳句感知] We had managed to persuade them that it was worth working with us. 我们已经设法使他们相信和我们共事是值得的。 He's so stubborn that I'm afraid I can't persuade him to change/into changing his mind. 他那么固执，我怕我说服不了他改变主意。 [归纳拓展] persuade sb..that..使某人相信/信服… persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信/信服某事物 persuade sb.to do sth./persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事 persuade sb.not to do sth./persuade sb.out of: doing sth.说服某人不做某事 persuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的 persuasion m.说服，劝说 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DI am still not fully persuaded of the plan's advan- tages. 我还不能完全信服这个计划的优点。 2He is trying to persuade domestic and foreign bus- inesses to invest in the project. 他正在努力说服国内外公司投资该项目。 [语法填空] 3The naughty boy will give persuasive(persuade) excuse for his not finishing his exercise. DDefeated by her powers of persuasion (persuade), I gave up my foolish plan. 3.(教材P2)As a favour,Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. 出于好意，托尼答应帮助克菜尔变得更漂亮，把她 的家变得更雅致。 favour n.[C]恩惠，帮助；[U门赞同，支持vt.很喜欢， 有利于 五维课堂型 ◆[佳句感知] All the classmates looked on my holiday plan with favour. 所有同学都赞成我的假日计划。 The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants. 温暖的气候对多种热带植物生长有利。 汇归纳拓展] as a favour出于好意，为了帮忙 dosb.a favour帮某人的忙 ask sb.a favour=ask a favour of sb.请求某人 帮忙 in favour of赞成，支持 in one's favour对某人有利 favourable adj.赞同的；有利的 favourite adj.特别受喜爱的 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DCould you do me a favour-would you feed my cat this weekend? 你能帮我个忙—一这周末帮我喂猫吗？ 2I am in favour of exercise,but it's never a good idea to exercise before bedtime. 我赞成运动，但是在睡前运动绝对不是一个好主意。 3She always felt that her parents favoured her brother. 她总觉得父母偏爱弟弟。 [语法填空] ④(2020·天津)A survey carried out last year showed that 80%of the middle-aged in this city are in favour of the proposal for health care reform. 5The disease spreads quickly under favourable (fa- vour)conditions. ⑥(2020·天津)The deep,gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.Asking a favour of the President of the United States was no casual matter,especially for a seventeen-year-old girl. 4.(教材P2)She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop. 她按照预约做完美甲，又走进了一家高档服装店。 appointment n.预约；约会；委任；职务；职位 ◆汇佳句感知] I hate to rush you but I have another appointment with my doctor later on. 我真不想催你，但我稍后和我的医生还有一个预约。 世五维课堂 汇归纳拓展] have/make an appointment to do sth.约定做某事 have an appointment with sb.与某人有约会/约定 make an appointment with sb.与某人约定/预约 by appointment通过预约 the appointment as/tobe..…的任命 appoint vt..任命；委派；约定，确定（时间、地点） appoint sb.to..任命某人去某处任职 appoint sb.as..任命某人为 appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DI can't go with you.I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon. 我不能和你一起去，我今天下午和我的牙医有约。 2The doctor only sees patients by appointment 那位医生只看预约的病人。 3The appointment of John as/to be chairman is a great joy to him. 任命约翰为主席令他非常高兴。 The committee has appointed a day in June for your case to be heard. 委员会已经确定于六月的某一天审理你的案件。 [语法填空] 5I was appointed (appoint)as head of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)20 years ago. ⑥I hope I shall get a teaching appointment（ap point)at the new school. DThey appointed him as chairman. 8They appointed him to catch (catch)all the rats. 9Do you have an appointment with the dentist? 10 We've made an appointment with them to meet at the gate of the museum. 5.P2)Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty. 虽然根本不是这么一回事，克莱尔还是感到内疚。 guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 ◆[佳句感知] I feel really guilty at forgetting her birthday. 我忘记了她的生日，感到非常内疚。 汇归纳拓展] feel guilty about/at..对…感到内疚 be guilty of...犯…罪 iguilt n.内疚：自责；犯罪 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DHe feels quite guilty when looking back on the past. 当他回忆过去时，他感到非常惭愧。 英语·选择性必修第四册 2He is/was guilty of serious misconduct. 他犯有严重失职罪。 3He felt guilty about/at not giving his seat to the old lady. 他对于未给老妇人让座这件事感到内疚。 6.(教材P2)The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. 客人们很快就要到了，所以克莱尔让托尼在当晚余 下的时间里回避。 dismiss vt..让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除；不受理 (案子) ◆[佳句感知] The class was dismissed early today. 今天这个班级提早放学。 汇归纳拓展] dismiss sb..from..解雇 dismiss sb.for sth.因某事解雇某人 dismiss fears/doubts from one's mind 消除心中的恐惧/疑虑 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DHe was dismissed from his job for incompetence. 他因为不称职而被解雇了。 [语法填空] 2Last month the case was dismissed (dismiss)ow- ing to lack of evidence. 3Employees can be dismissed (dismiss)for causing great losses to the company. 7.(教材P3)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. 她听到托尼说明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是 想使她开心。 declare vt.表明，宣称；宣布，公布 ◆[佳句感知] He declared that he was in love with her. 他声称自己已爱上她。 归纳拓展] declare that...宣布/宣称… declare for/against..声明赞成/反对… declare war on...向…宣战 declare sb./sth.十adi.宣布某人/某物… declare sb./sth.(tobe)..宣布某人/某物为… It is declared that...据宣布… declaration n[C,U]宣告，公告，宣布 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DThe courageous citizens have declared war on the deadly disease. 英勇的市民已经向这种致命的疾病宣战。 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 2Our government declared for this plan. 我们的政府声明支持这项计划。 [语法填空] 3The birth rate was expected to increase rapidly af- ter the declaration (declare)of the universal two- child policy,but it didn't. DDo you know when Britain declared war on Ger- many during the Second World War? 5It's likely that he will declare against the propos- al,because he thinks it will threaten people's inter- ests. 6The head teacher declared Wang Fei to be (be) monitor of the class. 8.(教材P3)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. 她听到托尼说明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是 想使她开心。 desire n.[C,U]vt.渴望 ◆[佳句感知] Perhaps this is what photos are for:to remind us that we all appreciate beauty,and that we all have a common desire for pleasure. 也许这就是照片的作用：提醒我们一我们都欣赏 美，我们都有追求快乐的共同愿望。 If you wish your child to have a strong desire to learn,you must first have him understand that he has the ability to gain a sense of achievement through learning. 你如果希望你的孩子有强烈的学习欲望，必须要先让 他明白他有能力从学习中获得成就感。 ◆[即学即练] [单句写作] DOur desire is/We desire that one day everybody (should)live in a safe environment without pollu- tion.We desire one day everybody to live in a safe environment without pollution. 我们渴望有一天大家会生活在一个安全、无污染的环 境中。 [语法填空] 2I had a strong desire to reach (reach)in and play with the toy,but was held back thankfully by the shop window. 3The old woman desired her son and daughter to come come)and see her from time to time. DIt's my desire that all the members of the family (should)gather (gather)once a year. ·1 五维课堂兰 [句式精析] 1.P2)Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. 克莱尔觉得很可笑，她竞然被一个机器人同情了， 但克莱尔渐渐地钦佩他的智慧和正直，并开始信 任他。 [结构分析 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being 主句 宾语从句，其中it为形式 offered sympathy by a robot but she 主语，that从句为真正的主语'并列连词主语grad ually admired his wisdom and integrity and 谓语 宾语 并列连词 began to trust him. 谓语 宾语 it+be+adj.+从句 在“it十be十adj.十从句”中，it为形式主语，从句作真 正的主语。常用于此结构的形容词有necessary,cer tain,important,possible,likely,strange,doubtful It is important that we should have a right attitude towards study. 我们对学习要有正确的态度，这是很重要的。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①很明显，他们急需援助。(clear) It's clear that they need help badly. ②他能否按时完成任务非常重要。(important) It is important whether he can finish his task on time. ③很明显他正在尽最大努力屏住呼吸。(obvious), It is obvious that he is trying his best to hold his breath. 2.(教材P2)As a favour,Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. 出于好意，托尼答应帮助克莱尔把她打扮得更漂 亮，把她家布置得更雅致。 [结构分析】 Tony promised to help Claire make As a favour,主语 谓语不定式短语作宾语， herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. 其中含有“make十宾语十宾补”复合结构，形容词作宾补 make十宾语十宾补 在“make十宾语十宾补”这一复合结构中，宾补可以 由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当。 ①“make十宾语十形容词（短语）”意为“使…处于 某种状态”。 巴五维课堂 The Internet makes our lives easy and convenient. 互联网使我们的生活变得容易、方便。 ②“make十宾语十名词（短语）”意为“使或让…成 为…；使…当…”。 We made him our team leader last week. 上周我们推选他当我们的队长。 Most pop singers make music their career. 很多流行歌手把音乐当作他们的事业。 汇温馨提示] 当不定式短语或宾语从句作宾语时，为了使句子结构保 持平衡，常用t作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到宾补后 面，即：make十it十宾补十不定式短语/宾语从句。 They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job. 他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作不但重要，而且 是必不可少的。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DHe is very popular among his students as he tries to make them interested in his lectures(让他们对他 的课感兴趣). ②They made me retell the story(复述故事) ③He raised his voice to make himself heard(让人听 到他说话) 4To our surprise,the film made him a superstar (让他成为一个超级巨星). ⑤I'm sorry to make you waiting for me so long(让 你等我这么长时间). 6Children should be made to understand the impor- tance of saving water(应该让孩子们理解节约用水的 重要性). 3.P2)Claire thanked Tony,telling him that he was a“dear”. 克莱尔感谢了托尼，并称呼他“亲爱的”。 [结构分析] Claire thanked Tony,telling him that he was a"dear". 主语谓语宾语现在分词短语作伴随状语 现在分词（短语）作伴随状语 分词（短语）用作伴随状语时，其逻辑主语是句子 的主语，分词（短语）所表示的动作伴随句子谓语的动 作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作， 分词（短语）所表示的动作为伴随性的次要动作。现 在分词（短语）作伴随状语的特点：它所表示的动作或 状态是伴随着句子谓语的动作而发生或存在的。一 般将其置于句尾，可用逗号将其与句子主干分开。现 在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系。 The students entered the classroom,smiling and talking 学生们有说有笑地进了教室。 英语·选择性必修第四册 He sat in a chair,reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报。 Four people entered the room,looking around in a curious way 四个人进入房间，好奇地四处参观。 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] DI feel quite relaxed when I lie on my back in the middle of the grassland,staring (stare)at the night sky. 2The sun began to rise in the sky,bathing (bathe) the mountain in the golden light. 3 Mum was busy in the kitchen,cooking (cook) dinner for the whole family. 4.(教材P2)As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern. 当她转过身时，发现格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在 身后。 [结构分析 As she turned around, there stood Gladys As引导时间状语从可主可，副词there置于可首， Claffern. 引起完全倒装 完全倒装 完全倒装是将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来， 把谓语移到主语前面。常见的有以下几种类型： ①地点副词(here,there等)、时间副词(now,then) 以及方位副词(away,down,in,off,out,back等) 置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子要完全倒装。其谓 语动词多为be,go,come等表示位置移动或状态的 不及物动词。 There goes the bell.(=The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 Down came Stout Santa in a single bound. 胖胖的圣诞老人轻轻一跳就下来了。（正常语序为： Stout Santa came down in a single bound. ②There be句型(be动词还可以替换为appear,ex ist,lie,stand,remain,live等表示“存在”含义的 动词)。 There exists an ancient temple in this town,which attracts many visitors. 这个小镇上有一座古庙，吸引着许多游客。 ③表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词，谓 语动词是be,lie,stand,sit等时，句子要完全倒装。 Under that tree stands a beautiful girl who is reading a book. 那棵树下站着一位美丽的姑娘，她正在读书。（正常 语序为：A beautiful girl who is reading a book stands under that tree. UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①我还没来得及说一个字，孩子们就跑开了。 Away ran the children before I could say a single word. ● 随堂。 1.单词拼写 l.Although it is a work of fiction(小说)，it is based on the stories that happened in the community of the author. 2.Liz earned a f1,000 bonus(奖金)for being the salesperson of the year. 3.No one doubted that the president was a man of the highest integrity(正直). 4.(2020·天津一中月考)If you were wrong,admit it.You won't lose dignity(尊严)，but will gain respect. 5.We would like to announce the appointment of Julia Lewis as head of sales. 6.The lady must have done something wrong,be- cause she looks guilty(内疚的). 7.It was very uncomfortable to lie on the hospital bed with my legs suspended()in the air. 8.The students were dismissed from school early today because of the heavy snow. 9.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空改编)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement'”award,proud Irene de- clared(表明)she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 10.How much Della wishes to have an elegant job with a big salary(薪水)so as to enjoy a higher social status! Ⅱ.短语选填 or rather,turn around,after all,come up with,more like,have an appointment with,declare war on,out of sympathy 1.Friendly neighbours are trying to make the com- munity more like a big family. 2.Much to our amazement,the five-year-old boy should read,or rather,recite the ancient poems fluently. 3.I have an appointment with Dr Smith,but I need to change it. 4.I turned around and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. 5.Scientists declare war on AIDS in order to make a breakthrough in AIDS research. 五维课堂当 ②最后一班火车开走了。 There went the last train. ③我的妈妈坐在窗边，手里端着一杯咖啡。 By the window sat my mother with a cup of coffee in her hand. 步步夯实 对应学生讲义P10 6.Out of sympathy for the homeless children he gave them shelter for the night. 7.The boy has done well in the game.After all,he is only 6 years old. 8.The youngest student came up with a clever and practical solution to the problem. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.唐纳德这样安静，我不知道他在搞什么鬼。 Donald is being so quiet;I wonder what he is up to. 2.乔治问贝蒂她第二天十点会在干什么。 George asked Betty what she would be doing at ten o'clock the next day. 3.大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名 人的石雕像矗立在那儿。 The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.(stand) 4.随着中国的发展，汉语变得越来越重要。 As China develops/With China's development, Chinese is becoming more and more important. 5.澳大利亚黄金的发现使许多人相信将会发财。 They discovery of gold in Australia led thousands of people to believe that a fortune was to be made. (“be to do”结构) N.语法填空 1.The new comer arrived at the appointed (appoint) time for an appointment (appoint)with our gener- al manager. 2.She is sensitive to what people think of her.Do be cautious not to offend her. 3.The result of the experiment was very satisfying. Not only did we feel satisfied with it,but our teacher looked at us with satisfaction.(satisfy) 4.The embarrassing situation last night made her embarrassed,which also embarrassed us.So she flushed with embarrassment.(embarrass) 5.They were all disturbed by the disturbing news; that is to say,the news disturbed all of them. (disturb) 世五维课堂 6.Recently,a new model of morning classes is being tested out in our school to see whether it works well. 7.(2020·山东青岛二中期中)Through clever adver- tising,companies persuade consumers into repla- cing their old TVs,mobile phones and computers with the latest models. 素美。 I.阅读理解 A (2020·浙江嘉兴一中月考)In the future,when robots can be used both in homes and in other areas, they could improve the living standards of people. Many people consume their energy by doing their day-to-day tasks like cooking,cleaning after work, etc.When robots can complete such jobs,people can spend more time with their families and friends. Experts say that many major problems in the mod- ern world are caused by miscommunication.When people have more time,they can talk freely to solve such issues and eventually create a happy society. Robots can be used for certain jobs to avoid ac- cidents caused by careless behavior of some people. When robots are used for such work,it does not risk any human life at the workplace.Human resources can be efficiently used by performing tasks which demand human skills like critical thinking and prob- lem solving.Robots can be used for jobs like moving and lifting heavy things. While some people talk about how robots can be useful to humans,others voice their concerns. When robots become cheaper to produce,employers may prefer to use more robots than humans.As the technology constantly improves the abilities of ro- bots,it could weaken the value of humans.Many people may rely on robots heavily.Some may even develop the habit of using robots for tasks that they can easily do.This could create a lazy society. As an ageing society,Japan sees it as a must to build robots that can take care of elderly people at their homes,because without them,the nation's health care system can't cope.There will simply be too many elderly people to care for as the nation faces a decreasing birth rate,an ageing population, and the loosening of family ties.However,many of Japan's elderly people would prefer human helpers rather than robots.Above all,Japan needs to make its dream of domestic robots come true because its immigration policy is anti-immigration. ·1 英语·选择性必修第四册 8.I often tell my children how hard the life was to me when I was in my teens. 9.Reading is a vital part of my life.Reading satisfies my desire to keep (keep)learning. 10.He took up the post as general manager,know- ing little about how this appointment was to change (change)his life. 层层提升 对应学生课时P4 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了当 未来机器人可以在家庭和其他领域使用时，它们可以 提高人们的生活水平。文中说明了机器人的一些优 势，但也指出我们不能太依赖它们。 1.According to the first paragraph,what will hap- pen when robots can be used in homes? A.People will spend more time on their work. B.There would be more misunderstandings be- tween humans. C.People's living standards will be improved. D.People may communicate more with robots than hu- man beings. 解析：C[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the future,when robots can be used both in homes and in other areas,they could improve the living standards of people'”可知，当机器人可以在家里使 用时，人们的生活水平将会提高。故选C。] 2.Which of the following are robots better at com- pared with humans? A.Problem solving. B.Communicating with others. C.Critical thinking. D.Working safely. 解析：D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Robots can be used for certain jobs to avoid accidents caused by careless behavior of some people'”可知， 机器人可以用于某些工作，以避免一些人类的粗心 行为造成的事故。由此可知，与人类相比，机器人 在安全工作方面做得更好。故选D。] 3.What do some people worry when more robots are being used? A.People will be unwilling to work hard. B.Human resources won't be needed at the work- place. C.It will be harder to improve the abilities of ro- bots. D.Robots will be beyond our control. 解析：A[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 "Many people may rely on robots heavily.Some may even develop the habit of using robots for tasks that they can easily do.This could create a UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION lazy society”可知，一些人担心，随着越来越多的机 器人被使用，人们将不愿意努力工作。故选A。] 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Japan will try to develop domestic robots. B.The robots are well received by elderly people in Japan. C.The Japanese government encourages foreign- ers to move to Japan. D.Most Japanese citizens are against domestic ro- bots. 解析：A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 "Above all,Japan needs to make its dream of do- mestic robots come true because its immigration policy is anti-immigration'”可知，最重要的是，因为 日本的移民政策是反移民的，所以日本需要实现在 家庭中使用机器人的梦想。由此可推知，日本将努 力开发家用机器人。故选A。] B (2020·河南林州一中5月调研考试)A compa- ny in California,called Zume,is testing machines that make pizza.The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza.It then adds tomato sauce,cheese,meat or other toppings.Next,the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven.A few minutes later,the pizza is ready.The pizza comes out the same each time.Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick.They do not get paid either. Julia Collins is the company's co-founder and chief executive officer (CEO).Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots.Zume is using ro- bots to make pizza. Charity Suzuki has bought the robot-made piz- za.She likes its taste."It's delicious.It's always hot and fresh when it comes.I mean it's great that they're making it,but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human. Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster.But what about the jobs the robots are taking from hu- mans? Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley.He also directs the school's automation laboratory.Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years.He says that,while there has been progress,the jobs are not going to disappear right away."I want to reassure (使放心)restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value,"Goldberg says. "We're going to get rid of boring,repetitive, dangerous jobs and we're going to free up people to 。1 五维课堂型 do things that have higher value.There's going to be amazing new ways of working that don't exist yet but are going to be created,"Alex Garden,the chairman of Zume,says. [语篇解读]加利福尼亚的Zume公司正在检验可 以制作比萨的机器人。这种机器人工作效率高，且不 需要薪水。它们做出的比萨和人做的比萨没有什么 差别。 5.Why can Zume devote more money to better food products? A.It earns a lot by selling pizza. B.It wants to create more robots. C.It can save a lot by using robots. D.It hopes to attract more customers. 解析：C[由第二段中的“Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots'”可知，因为不用给 机器人付工资，所以Zume可以把更多的资金投入 到更好的食物产品上。] 6.What can we know about the robot-made pizza ac- cording to Suzuki? A.It really agrees with her. B.It isn't hot or fresh all the time. C.It is tastier than the man-made pizza. D.It is delicious and free of charge. 解析：A[由第三段中的“She likes its taste..‘It's delicious.It's always hot and fresh when it comes.I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human..’”可知，Suzuki认为机器人 生产的比萨很美味，很对她的胃口，她分辨不出人 做的比萨和机器人做的比萨的区别。] 7.What's the benefit of using robots to make pizza? A.They work efficiently. B.They help sick people. C.They need few payments. D.They produce better pizza. 解析：A[由第一段中的“Zume says the robots work quickly'”和第四段中的“Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get high- er quality food faster'”可知，机器人的工作效率很 高，故A项正确。] 8.What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restau- rant workers? A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Dangerous. D.Necessary. 解析：D[由倒数第二段中的“】want to reassure (使放心)restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value”可知， Goldberg认为餐馆工作人员的技能仍然有价值， 故可推知他认为他们的工作是不可缺少的。故D 项正确。] 世五维课堂 Ⅱ.阅读填句 The ability to think creatively is not a gift eve- ryone possesses naturally,but it can be developed as a skill.Here are some tips to help you develop crea- tive and critical thinking abilities. Step outside your comfort zone. Stepping outside your comfort zone is an easy way to expand your creative and critical thinking skills.This means reading a book or an article that is completely unrelated to any previous studies,or even having a difficult conversation with someone you're close to.1 We all grow from discomfort. Stay healthy. Your mind is in the best shape when your body is.Coupling exercise with a healthy diet can clear the mind and allow for creativity.2 Some peo- ple are easily distracted by a messy office or a dark room.Most people are the most awake when they are in clean,healthy,and organised environments. 3 This is a common technique used by journalists and writers suffering from writer's block.It's an easy tool to get the creative juices flowing.Open up a laptop,or grab a notebook and a pen,and just start writing.Just let your mind take you wherever it wants to go.4 Take a breather. Everyone may reach points where they get stuck on an idea and can't get past it.Don't let this dis- courage you,and don't blame yourself.That sort of thinking will make you disheartened and distracted,which will only make you even more frustrated.5 Go out- side for some fresh air,take a walk,eat a meal,or call a friend.Distraction,in moderation,can be ver- y rewarding. A.Write freely. B.Keep an open mind. C.Instead,take a short break. D.Keep your spirits high at work and even during the holidays. E.This is a great way to explore your thoughts and expand your creativity. F.Your work environment can also greatly affect the way the brain functions. G.Anything making you a bit uncomfortable proba- bly benefits you more than it harms you. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。创造性思维能力并 不是每个人与生俱来的天赋，但是可以把它作为一种 技能来培养。文章对如何提高创造性和批判性思维 的能力提出了一些建议。 l.解析：G[根据后文We all grow from discom fort.可知，我们都是从不适中成长起来的。由此 可知，设空处是在说明让你感觉不舒服的事情也是 ·1 英语·选择性必修第四册 对你有好处的。G项“任何让你感到有，点不舒服的 事情，对你来说可能利大于弊”符合语境。] 2.解析：F[根据后文Some people are easily dis- tracted by a messy office or a dark room.Most people are the most awake when they are in clean, healthy,and organised environments.可知，本句 是在说明工作环境对大脑的影响。故F项“你的工 作环境也会极大地影响大脑的运作方式”符合 语境。] 3.解析：A[设空处为本段小标题，结合后文中的 Open up a laptop,or grab a notebook and a pen, and just start writing.Just let your mind take you wherever it wants to go..可知，本段是在介绍自由 发挥式的写作，让你的思想带你去它想去的地方。 故A项“自由写作”能够概括本段内容。] 4.解析：E[设空处为本段最后一句，结合前文中的 It's an easy tool to get the creative juices flowing. Just let your mind take you wherever it wants t0g0.可知，此处承接上文，说明这种自由式的写作 方式所带来的好处一可以探索你的想法和扩展 你的创造力。故E项符合语境。] 5.解析：C[根据后文Go outside for some fresh air,take a walk,eat a meal,or call a friend.Dis- traction,in moderation,can be very rewarding. 知，本句是在强调要出去走走，休息一会儿。故C 项“相反，稍微休息一会儿”符合语境。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Robots Attend Graduation Ceremony on the Students'Behalf Due to the COVID-19,many special events or gatherings have been put off as a way 1 (limit) viral transmission.But for Japanese graduating students,2 ongoing virus will not prevent them from walking on stage to accept their diplomas. Business Breakthrough University (BBT)has recently found a way not only to carry on with 3 (they)curriculums(课程)，moving most of the classes to online platforms 4 also to continue with their schedule 5 (apparent).They conduc- ted a graduation ceremony on the 28th of March at Hotel Grand Palace in Tokyo in a way that allowed their students to participate without risking 6 (expose)to COVID-19. The 7 (graduate)operated robots remotely to accept their certificates.The robots 8 (devel- op)by ANA Holdings Inc.each had a display screen showing the face of the student operating it,and arms which 9 (enable)them to receive the cer- tificates on the graduates'behalf. The rest of the graduates participated in the graduation ceremony online via Zoom(视频会议平 10 they could send comments and therefore participate in the ceremony in real time. UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了日本 BBT大学最近迫于疫情，将毕业典礼转移到了线上， 使用机器人来代替毕业生参加典礼。 1.to limit[句意为：受新型冠状病毒肺炎的影响，很 多特殊活动和集会都被推迟了，以此来限制病毒传 播。a way to do sth..意为“做某事的一种方法”。 故填to limit。 2.the[句意为：但是对于日本的毕业生来说，持续 存在的病毒也无法阻止他们走上台接受毕业证书。 这里的病毒在前文中已经提到，此处表示特指，要 用定冠词the。故填the。] 3.their[句意为：BBT大学最近找到一种方法，不 仅能让他们继续课程…此处作定语，修饰名词 curriculums,要用形容词性物主代词。故填 their。 4.but[句意为：…将大部分课程转移到线上平 台，而且显然继续沿用了进度表…此处为not only..but also...结构，故填but。] 5.apparently[此处修饰动词，作状语，应用副词形 式。故填apparently。] Section IⅢ Learn 要点 [词汇精讲] l.(教材P4)We should be aware of this and not spread unkind news around. 我们应该意识到这一点，不应四处散布不友好的 消息。 be aware of明白，知道，意识到；察觉到 ◆[佳句感知] She's well aware of her strengths and weaknesses as an artist. 她很清楚自己作为艺术家的优点和缺点。 汇归纳拓展] make sb.aware of使某人意识到 be/become aware that...知道…，意识到… as far as I'm aware(=as far as I know)据我所知 unaware adj..不知道；未察觉 be unaware of..不知道…，没意识到… awareness n.[U,sing.]意识，知道 raise awareness of sth.提高对某事物的意识 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DAs soon as I saw a large crowd at the street cor- ner,Iwas/became aware that(意识到)something unusual happened. ②As far as I'm aware/As far as I know(据我所 )no proper investigation has ever been carried out into the subject. ③If humans have no awareness of protection(保护 的意识)，natural resources will run out soon. 五维课堂 6.being exposed[risk doing sth.意为“冒险做某 事”，而be exposed to意为“暴露于…之下”。故 填being exposed,.] 7.graduates[句意为：毕业生们远程操纵机器人接 受毕业证书。graduate作名词时，意为“毕业生”， 是可数名词，此处是指很多毕业生，所以应用复数 形式。故填graduates。] 8.developed[句意为：全日空航空公司研制的这种 机器人，每个都配备了一块显示屏…develop在 此是非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰词是逻辑上的被 动关系，所以应用过去分词形式。故填devel-- oped。] 9.enabled[句意为：…还配有手臂，能使它们代 表毕业生接受毕业证书。enable在此是从句谓语 动词，先行词是arms为复数，此处表示发生在过去 的动作，应用一般过去时。故填enabled。] 10.where[l0 they could send comments在此 是定语从句，修饰先行词Z0om,关系词在定语从 句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故 填where,] ng about language 层层精析 对应学生讲义P11 [语法填空] DThe dog suddenly started barking as if aware of the stranger's approach. 5The three-month,1,900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's way of raising awareness (aware)of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. 6Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being una- ware (aware)of what is happening around them. 2.(教材P4)Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed innocent until proven other- wise. 无论是谁被指控犯了罪，都应该被假定为无罪，直 到（他）被证明有罪。 charge vt.&vi.控告，指控；收费，要价；充电n.控 告，指控；要价，收费；掌管，负责 ◆[佳句感知] The newspaper charged her with using the company's money for her own purposes. 这家报社指控她将公司的钱挪作私用。 Tickets were very expensive.They charged sixty dollars for each seat.I didn't realize they charged for drinks and food. 票很贵。他们每个座位要价60美元。我不知道他们 收茶点费用。 I'm not in charge of the project.Mr Brown is the person in charge. 我不负责这个工程。布朗先生是负责人。