Unit 3 SectionⅡ Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业（人教版）

世英语 选择性必修第四册 英 课时 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 间 语 作业 2.Reading and Thinking (I) 纠错空间 「.阅读理解 This turtle study shows that we need to re- A duce the amount of plastic waste,so we can re- (2022·黑龙江大庆实验中学开学考)The main clean and healthy oceans for future genera- microplastic(微型塑料)problem in the oceans tions. has made its way to sea turtles in a big way.A 1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 new study has found microplastics in the stom- probably mean? ach of every single turtle they tested-a total A.Has gone into. of 102 sea turtles. B.Has made great effect on. The researchers tested more than 100 sea C.Has been walking to. turtles from seven species and three different D.Has tried to escape from. 2.How did the researchers find out the micro- oceans,and they were looking for man-made things shorter than 5mm in length.The most plastic problem? common things the team found were fibers, A.By giving examples. 方法总结 B.By comparing sea life. which most likely came from clothing and fish- C.By studying different sea animals ing equipment. D.By testing turtles from different seas. “The influence of these particles(颗粒)on 3.What can be inferred from Emily? turtles is unknown,"said Emily Duncan. A.Larger plastic pieces cause trouble to sea "Their small size means they can pass through turtles. the stomach without causing a problem,as is B.Eating microplastics is the biggest danger frequently reported with larger plastic pieces. to sea turtles. The researchers found more than 800 man- C.Scientists know clearly how sea turtles eat made particles in the turtles,but since they on- plastic pieces. ly tested part of the stomach,they believe the D.The number of particles inside sea turtles total number of particles could be 20 times lar- is much higher. ger.They don't know how the turtles take in 4.What is the purpose of the text? the particles,but they think the sources are A.To call on people to stop killing sea ani- polluted seawater and polluted plants. mals. Professor Brendan Godley said that eating B.To call on people to find out more plastic microplastics isn't the biggest problem to sea waste. turtles at the moment,but it is a clear sign that C.To call on people to control pollution to oceans. we need to do a better job governing global D.To call on people to carry out further re- waste. search. ·24· UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 课时作业乡 B outside of Earth is important,but robots can It seems we can't get off the planet fast look under the dry rock on Mars better than hu- enough.Two thirds of NASA's money is spent mans.They're absolutely important for doing 纠错空间 on manned space exploration.We've seen all we ocean research too,but they can't look under can see on Earth,right?Wrong.The final the sea.The cost of exploration is rising,but place is here,under the surface of the sea. the results would benefit all of us. When we are heading down into the ocean, Perhaps now it's time to begin a new peri- human limits are quickly reached.At a depth of od of sea exploration.Manned exploration of 200 metres,the water is as black as a moonless space is science fiction.The adventure in the night.Most nuclear submarines(核潜艇) deep sea is a science fact. would implode(内爆)before they reach 1 km 5.What do the examples in Paragraph 2 sug- down.At a depth of 3 km-still less than the gest? average depth of the ocean-there's a good A.Sea exploration is no easy task. chance that you'll discover a new species.The B.Nuclear submarines need to be improved. deepest-diving whales go no further.At the C.The ocean is far deeper than people expec- very bottom,about 11 km down,lies the Chal- ted. lenger Deep,the deepest part of the Mariana D.The conditions under the sea are similar to 方法总结 Trench in the Pacific Ocean.Twelve humans those on the Moon. have walked on the Moon,but only three have 6.What do we know about the Challenger seen the Challenger Deep with their own eyes. Deep? Yet things live down there.Big things.A A.Blue whales live there. very loud sound was once heard and scientists B.No one has ever been there. suggested that it was produced by an animal C.People are terrified at the sight of it. bigger than a blue whale,the largest creature D.It is the deepest known location in the ocean. known on the planet. 7.What does the author think of the discovery In the late 1990s,a deep-water submarine in the Southern Ocean? was dropped in the Southern Ocean,and pass- A.It's surprising. B.It's no wonder. ing 4,000 metres,it discovered something huge C.It's worrying. D.It's no success. passing under it.Surprised?Don't be.The 8.What does the author want to tell us? ocean covers 71%of the planet's surface and A.Space exploration is of little value. we've studied less than 5%of it.We know more B.We spend too much money on space travel. about the dark side of the Moon than about the C.Humans'success lies in how much they bottom of the sea. explore the sea. One reason that we explore space is to find D.The ocean is the place where we should evidence of other life forms.The search for life make our efforts. ·25· 世英语 选择性必修第四册 Ⅱ.阅读填句 D.Communication is a two-way process and Interpersonal communication skills are should remain like that. 间 those which you need every day,in your life- E.Interpersonal skills also play an important 纠错空间 whether in your personal or professional life. part in your career development. They are some of the most important skills as a F.You should consider how your words affect large percentage of your personal life involves the person before making any comments. interacting with people.1 Here are some G.It will also send a signal to the other person tips to help you be an excellent interpersonal that you care about what he or she has communicator: to say. 2 As the saying goes,"First impres- Ⅲ.语法填空 sion is the last impression."Hence you should 3-D printing and virtual reality are cool, be careful when it comes to body language.It is but when are we going to be able to clone our- said that typical communication consists of selves?It'd be fantastic for 1 (we)to send more than 50%non-verbal communication, our clone off to school or work and sit back and which includes body language.So if your body do 2 we really want to do.There have been language is sending negative signals to the other important advances in cloning in the last several person,the communication will probably break decades,leading to the 3 (success)cloning down in the process. 方法总结 of various animals.So far,however,there 4 Think before you speak.3 That means (be)no human clones. you should try to pay attention to the feelings In large part,cloning has been 5 vic- of the other person in order to show that you tim of pop culture to the degree that the general care about the conversation between the two public has grand notions of what it will be like. of you. There is no 6(possible)of cloning a grown Listen well.The ability to listen to what a version of ourselves in a matter of hours or days person is saying is a skill and you should pay at- (like you see in the movies). tention to that while communicating with oth- 7 (general),we already have the tools ers.If you have good listening skills you will be to make human cloning happen today;we just able to understand that person's words more have some moral problems 8 (overcome) clearly and react in a positive manner.4 before the world won't raise major alarms at Be open to receiving feedback(反馈). scientists cloning someone.That leaves the Sometimes it is good to step back to receive questions 9 us then,the general public:Do feedback.5 You should be able to open up you think human cloning is okay?Would you to feedback from the other person and give hon- clone a lost loved one to bring them back,or if est feedback whenever you feel it is needed. you found yourself unable to have kids,would A.Show positive body language. you clone yourself?These are the questions we B.Communicate with others kindly. must answer first before we succeed in 10 C.You should always be confident of what you (create)human clones. are speaking. ·26·旦英语 14.C[根据上文可知，这两位徒步旅行者看到水瓶上 的信息后，认真对待这件事，报告给了官员。take sth.seriously意为“认真对待某事”。故选C项。] l5.D[根据下文的so that they can express their grati- tude in person可知，惠特森和他的家人希望这两位 好心的徒步旅行者能透露他们的身份，以便他们能 够当面表达感激之情。故选D项。] UNIT 3 1.课时作业 预习自测 I.1.negotiating 2.beheld 3.bonds 4.foundation 5.formed 6.league 7.developed 8.voyage 9.mari- time 10.channel l.1.except for 2.in return for 3.set off 4.For the benefit of 5.grew up 6.in a league of his own 7.no need to buy 8.in hand 9.making plans for 10.come true II.1.under 2.for 3.exploration 4.to behold 5.when 6.has revisited 7.strengthen 8.foundation 9.between 10.for 素养提升 I.A.[语篇解读]作者开篇提出了威尼斯目前面临的 一个大问题：旅游人数急速增加。政府想出来的对策是 征收旅游费用。市长向国际媒体解释了这一决定及实 施方案，大家对这个决定看法不一。 l.A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But,by far,the biggest problem is the rapidly growing number of visi- tors to the city'”可知，目前威尼斯面临的最大问题是 来这个城市旅游的人数急速增加。] 2.C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So city officials have decided to require all visitors to pay a fee to enter Venice”可知，市政府官员们决定所有游客必须付费才 能进入威尼斯。] 3.D[词义猜测题。画线单词所在句的“Naturally”表 示前后句是顺承关系。学生、一些工人和六岁以下的 儿童不用付费。自然而然地，生在威尼斯或者生活在 威尼斯的人也不用付费。」 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界 上现存的各种各样的人造长栏，以及这些长栏存在的问 题和解决办法。 4.C[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Earth's longest artificial structure is usually said to be the Great Wall of China”以及“Earth's second-longest artificial struc- ture,though,is not a wall,but a fence”可知，第一段 是用作比较的方式展开的。故选C。] 5.C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Even fences built for other purposes,though,often serve to limit ani- mals,too.Such worries are not foolish”可知，人们对 于长栏的担忧是长栏的作用远远超出了最初的目的。 故选C。」 6 选择性必修第四册 6.C[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Making fences low enough for deer to jump over helps'”以及“Adding poles improves a fence's visibility,stopping unfortu- nate collisions at speed”可知，这篇文章提到的措施是 改变长栏的高度和外观。故选C。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 货币在中国的发展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金 属圆硬币，最后发明了纸币—中国成为世界上第一个 制作纸币的国家。 1.F[结合文章语境可知，在纸币发明前人们用实物来 买卖，F项就是对那个时代物物交换的一个举例 说明。」 2.B「根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年使用贝 壳作为货币，很容易携带到远的地方。由此可见，上 文应该提到随着经济发展，之前物物交换的方式不方 便、不实用。分析选项可知B项符合题意。」 3.D[根据上句内容，在这项发明之后的几年里，世界 上许多其他国家也开始这样做，即也使用贝壳来作为 货币。D项符合题意。 4.G[根据本空的上下文内容可知，这时货币出现了新 的发展，即出现金属币。分析选项可知，G项指出最 早的硬币上常有洞与本段coins同词复现，符合 题意。] 5.C[结合本段内容可知，纸币最早出现在中国。选项 C项中提到了paper currency(纸币)，且说明了中国 纸币比欧洲纸币出现得更早，符合题意。] 2.课时作业 I.A.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过 测试来自不同海域的海龟，发现海龟的胃里有微型塑料 颗粒。相关学者认为海龟体内的这些颗粒可能更多，颗 粒主要来自被污染的海水和植物。文章号召人们控制 对海洋的污染。 l.B[词义猜测题。根据下文中的“A new study has found microplastics in the stomach of every single tur- tle they tested-一a total of 102 sea turtles'”可知，一项 新的研究发现，他们检测的总共102只海龟里，每只 海龟的胃里都有微型塑料。由此可知，海洋中的微型 塑料问题已经在很大程度上影响到了海龟。故画线 短语意思为“产生影响”。] 2.DL细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers tested more than...man-made things shorter than 5 mm in length”可知，研究人员测试了100多只海龟， 他们正在寻找长度小于5毫米的人造物体。由此可 知，研究人员通过测试来自不同海域的海龟发现了微 型塑料问题。故选D] 3.A[推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，由于体积 较小，这些颗粒对海龟的影响尚不清楚，相对于经常 被报道的较大的塑料来说，它们可以顺利地通过胃， 而不产生任何问题。由此可推知，大的塑料会对海龟 造成问题。故选A。 参考答案 4.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，这项研 究表明，我们需要减少塑料垃圾的数量，这样才能将 清洁、健康的海洋留给后代。由此可推知，这篇文章 的目的是号召人们控制对海洋的污染。故选C。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。地球表面71%的 面积是海洋，而我们已探索的区域却不足其5%，比起对 太空的探索，或许探索深海更具现实意义。 5.A[细节理解题。由第二段中的Twelve humans have walked on the Moon,but only three have seen the Challenger Deep with their own eyes.可知，已有 12个人在月球上行走过，但是目睹过马里亚纳海沟的 最深处，即挑战者深渊的却只有3个人。可见比起探 索太空，人类对于深海的探索更为艰难。故选A项。] 6.D[细节理解题。由第二段中的At the very bottom, about 11km down,lies the Challenger Deep,the dee- pest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. 可知，挑战者深渊位于海底大概11千米的位置，是马 里亚纳海沟最深的部分，即已知的海洋最深处。故选 D项。] 7.B[细节理解题。由第四段中的it discovered some- thing huge passing under it Surprised?Don't be. The ocean covers 71%of the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5%of it.We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea..可知，对于在南冰祥的发现，作者认为不足为 奇，因为地球表面71%的面积被海洋覆盖，人类已探 索的区域却不到5%。故选B项。] 8.D[推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的The search for life outside of Earth is important...but they can't look under the sea.The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all of us.和最后一段可 知，探索海底对人类的实际意义重大，所以作者要告 诉我们海洋是我们应该努力探究的地方。故选 D项。」 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。人际交流技巧不 仅在生活中很重要，在职业发展中也很重要，文章介绍 了一些人际交流技巧。 1.E[第一段首句说明无论是在个人生活还是职业生 活中都需要人际交流技巧。第二句讲其在个人生活 中很重要，最后一句引起下文对于交流技巧的介绍， 由此推断设空处应讲人际交流技巧在职业生活中的 作用。首句中的whether in your personal or profes- sional life和第二句中的your personal life为关键词， E项中的career development与之呼应。故选E项。] 2.A[从第二段中的关键信息body language,non-ver bal communication和negative signals可以概括出本 段的主旨，即在交际中要展示积极的肢体语言。故选 A项。 3.F[第三段主旨为“说话前要三思”，结合设空处下一 句中的you should try to pay attention to the feelings 6 课时作业乡 of the other person可知，此处讲的是要关注听者的感 受。F项中的consider how your words affect the per- son与之表达的主旨一致。故选F项。] 4.G[第四段主旨为“认真倾听”。G项中的you care about what he or she has to say与主旨句Listen well. 相呼应。故选G项。] 5.D「第五段主旨是“乐于接受反馈”，结合空前的 Sometimes it is good to step back to receive feedback. (有时后退一步接受反馈是好的)可知，人际交流是一 个双向的过程，不仅要表达自己的想法，也要接受别 人给出的反馈。故选D项。] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了克隆人类 所面临的问题。 1.us[句意为：如果我们能把克隆人送去上学或工作， 然后坐下来做我们真正想做的事情，那就太棒了。设 空处作介词for的宾语，应用代词的宾格，故填us。] 2.what we really want to do在此处为宾语 从句，从句中缺少0的宾语，表示“…的东西”，应 填what。] 3.successful[句意为：在过去的几十年里，克隆技术取 得了重大进展，使各种动物被成功克隆。修饰名词 cloning用形容词，故填successful。] 4.have been[句意为：然而，到目前为止，还没有克隆 人。时间状语So far表明此处应用现在完成时，根据 clones可知，there be句型中的be用复数，故填have been。] 5.a[此处泛指“一个受害者”，victim是发音以辅音音 素开头的可数名词，故填a。] 6,possibility[句意为：在几小时或几天内克隆出一个 成熟的自己（就像你在电影中看到的那样）是不可能 的。设空处在句中作表语，由n0和of.,,可知，此处 应用名词形式，故填possibility。] 7.Generally[设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词，故填 Generally。J 8.to overcome[句意为：一般来说，我们现在已经有了 使克隆人成为现实的工具：在世界未对科学家克隆人 类发出重大警告之前，我们只需要克服一些道德问 题。have sth.todo意为“有一些事情要做”，不定式 作定语，表示将来的情况，故填to overcome。] 9.o[句意为：那么这就把问题留给了我们，普通大众， 你认为克隆人是可以的吗？leave sth..tosb.表示“把 某事/物留给某人”，故填to。] l0.creating[句意为：这些都是我们在成功克隆人类之 前必须首先回答的问题。设空处作介词i的宾语， 应用动名词，故填creating。] 3.课时作业 I.[语篇解读]本文为说明文，主要说明了海水的重 要性。 l.D[考查细节理解。由第四段中的“People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn't mat-