精品解析：上海市徐汇区上海南洋中学2025-2026学年高三年级英语学科9月学习能力诊断测试题

南洋中学高三年级英语学科 9月学习能力诊断测试题 (满分140分,考试时间120分钟) I. Listening Comprehension(25分) Section A(10分) Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1. A. At the airport. B. In a theatre. C. In a ticket office. D. At a hotel. 2.A.Attend a party. B. Go camping. C. Decorate a house. D. Rent a tent 3.A.2. B.3. C.5. D.10. 4.A.The postcard has been lost B. The local post office is closed. C. The man will go to the post office. D.The woman is expecting a postcard. 5A. Buy some new equipment B. Leave the equipment as they are. C.Watch what the woman is doing. D. Finish his wort as quickly as possible. 6.A.Work on the assignment with a classmate B.Talk to an advisor about dropping the course. C.Spend more time working on maths problems. D.Ask a graduate assistant for help. 7A.Go home to get a book. B.Return a book to the library. C.Pick up a book at the library for the woman. D.Ask the librarian for help in finding a book. 8. A. She wishes she hadn't ordered the dish. B.She doesn't usually eat in the cafeteria. C.The cafeteria usually uses canned vegetables. D.The dish usually contains fewer vegetables. 9.A. Students still have time to apply for a loan. B.Students must wait until next month to apply for a loan. C.The woman should find out whether her loan application was accepted. D.The woman should ask for an extension on the application deadline. 10. A. She didn't want to stay at the Gordon. B.Her hotel is far from the conference centre. C.She isn't sure how to get to the Apple Gales. D.The man should consider moving to another hotel Section B(15分) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To make some physical samples of the wine to be tasted. B. To reach an agreement on how certain flavors smell. C. To coin some descriptive terms for certain flavors. D. To find a room that is lit with red light. 12. A. It helps people distinguish different flavors. B. It is composed of wheels of different sizes. C. It exposes users to fruity flavors alone. D. It divides flavors into two categories. 13.A.The standard procedure of wine-testing B. The wide use of the Aroma Wheel. C.The at-home wine-testing test. D.The fun sensory world. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. He read about it the day before. B. One of the students asked him about it. C. He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock's travel log. D.The students were required to read about it. 15.A.Peary wasn’t an experienced explorer. B. He had reached the pole before Peary did. C. Peary had announced his success too early D. The investigation of Peary's trip wasn't thorough. 16.A.They interviewed Peary. B. They talked to one of Peary's companions. C. They examined Peary's tools used for the voyage. D. They conducted a computer analysis of photographs. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A new source of fuel oil. B.An alternative use of fuel oil. C.A way to make fuel oil less polluting. D.A new method for locating underground oil. 18.A. She was doing research for a paper on it B. She was told about it by her roommate. C.She read a newspaper article about it. D. She heard about it in class. 19.A.To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogen. B. To heat the reactors to a proper temperature. C.To prevent dangerous gases from forming. D.To remove impurities from methanol 20. A. It hasn't been fully tested. B. It is quite expensive. C. It produces harmful gases. D. It uses up scarce minerals. II. Grammar and Vocabulary(20分) Section A(10分) Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The responsibility of safeguarding China’s airspace is not placed solely on combat aircraft. Ground-based air-defense and anti-ballistic (反弹道的) missile systems are another significant component in defending_____1_____incoming air threats. ____2____(display) its multi-stage, multi-layer air and missile defense network, the Air Force brought six types of advanced systems to the parade. The occasion____3____marks the public debut of the HQ-20 and HQ-22A anti-aircraft (防空的) missile systems, attracts wide attention from military enthusiasts at home and abroad. Another three types-HQ-11, HQ-9C and HQ-19 — ____4____(be) part of Chinese defense shows in recent years. According to Zhang Xuefeng, a military hardware observer and retired PLA officer, the HQ-11, HQ-20, and HQ-22A are primarily tasked with engaging with conventional threats, and can effectively intercept (拦截) fixed-wing aircraft, drones, and even short- and medium-range ballistic missiles. What many people are curious about is ____5____these advanced anti-aircraft missile systems will be arranged in key coastal areas. The HQ-19, unveiled for the first time in November 2024, has been designed for regional protection against ballistic missiles at the high-altitude terminal phase,____6____(characterize) by a large coverage and strong countermeasures.These traits make____7____a backbone equipment for China's homeland air defense and missile interception operations, according to Zhang. “The combination of the HQ-9 series and the HQ-19 will form____8____powerful, multi-layer network to keep our important assets safe from threats from air,” the observer noted. Wang Yanan, chief editor of Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said that in addition to conventional ballistic missiles (弹道导弹), the HQ-19 is able to counter hypersonic (超音速的) glide vehicle weapons that boast extremely fast speeds and supreme agility. As a cutting-edge strike hardware, the hypersonic glide vehicle weapon is virtually impossible to intercept by previous air-defense missiles and a significant threat____9____(pose) to high-value assets. As the____10____(large) surface-to-air missile system China has ever shown, the HQ-29 is a mid-course interceptor designed to engage threats outside the Earth's atmosphere. Analysts have pointed to its large-diameter launch canisters and dual-missile configuration as possible indicators of a design meant to boost interception odds against fast and maneuvering ballistic targets. 【答案】1. against 2. To display 3. which##that 4. have been 5. whether 6. characterized 7. it 8. a 9. is posed 10. largest 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国防空体系的重要组成部分——地基防空和反弹道导弹系统，以及多种先进导弹系统的功能和作用。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：地基防空和反弹道导弹系统是防御来袭空中威胁的另一个重要组成部分。defend against为固定搭配，意为“防御、抵抗”，结合句意，此处表示抵御来袭的空中威胁。故填against。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了展示其多阶段、多层次的防空反导网络，空军在阅兵式上带来了六种先进系统。此处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，结合句意，“展示防空反导网络”是空军带来先进系统的目的，所以用动词不定式，句首首字母大写。故填To display。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：这次场合标志着HQ-20和HQ-22A防空导弹系统的首次公开亮相，吸引了国内外军事爱好者的广泛关注。此处引导定语从句，先行词为The occasion，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，所以可用which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。 【4题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：另外三种——HQ-11、HQ-9C和HQ-19——是近年来中国国防展的一部分。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Another three types为复数形式，所以谓语动词用have been。故填have been。 【5题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：许多人好奇的是，这些先进的防空导弹系统是否会部署在关键的沿海地区。此处引导表语从句，结合句意，此处表示“是否”，所以用whether引导该从句。故填whether。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：HQ-19于2024年11月首次亮相，其设计用于在高空末端阶段对弹道导弹进行区域防护，具有覆盖范围广、对抗能力强的特点。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰词the high-altitude terminal phase与characterize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词characterized。故填characterized。 【7题详解】 考查代词。句意：张表示，这些特点使其成为中国国土防空和导弹拦截行动的骨干装备。此处缺少宾语，指代前文提到的the HQ-19，为单数可数名词，所以用代词it作宾语，避免重复。故填it。 【8题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这位观察家指出：“HQ-9系列和HQ-19的结合将形成一个强大的多层次网络，保护我们的重要资产免受空中威胁。”network为可数名词单数，结合句意，此处表示“一个强大的多层次网络”，为泛指，且powerful是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【9题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：作为一种尖端打击装备，高超音速滑翔飞行器武器几乎无法被以往的防空导弹拦截，对高价值资产构成了重大威胁。此处为后置定语，修饰a significant threat，pose与a significant threat之间为被动关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态is posed。故填is posed。 【10题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：作为中国展示过的最大的地对空导弹系统，HQ-29是一种中段拦截器，设计用于拦截地球大气层外的威胁。根据定冠词the和定语从句China has ever shown可知，此处应用形容词large的最高级形式largest，表示“最大的”。故填largest。 Section B(10分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abandonment B. initiated C. categorizing D. revealed E. investigating F. boost G. share H. overlooking I.bargain J. heavily K. admittedly Shoppers hoping to bag a ____11____ in the post-Christmas sales are much less likely to go through with their purchases if they are using phones and tablets to buy goods online. This is because consumers often worry they are not seeing the full picture on a mobile app or that they could be missing out on special offers or ____12____ hidden costs, according to new research. Concerns about privacy and security can also motivate people to put items into their shopping baskets but then quit without paying. Although mobile apps are ____13____ becoming among the most popular ways to shop online, the phenomenon of shopping cart ____14____ is much higher than for desktop-based online shopping. According to Market Research firm Criteo, the ____15____ of e-commerce purchases from mobile devices increased to 46% of global e-commerce trade in the second quarter of 2016, however, only 27% of purchases ____16____ on this channel were finalized, significantly lagging behind desktop initiated purchases. Researchers at the University of East Anglia(UEA) ____17____ why this is so say it represents a huge challenge for online retailers, who are investing ____18____ in mobile shopping, but not receiving the rewards in successful sales. “Our study results ____19____ a paradox (悖论),” said Dr Nikolaos Korfiatis of Norwich Business School at UEA. “Mobile shopping is supposed to make the process easier, and yet concerns about making the right choice, or about whether the site is secure enough leads to an emotional ambivalence (矛盾情绪) about the transaction and that means customers are much more likely to simply abandon their shopping carts without completing a purchase.” Strategies that might ____20____ a shopper to complete a purchase include adding special offers, or coupons for a nearby store at the checkout stage. “Retailers need to invest in technology, but they need to do it in the right way, so the investment pays off,” added Dr Korfiatis. 【答案】11. I 12. H 13. K 14. A 15. G 16. B 17. E 18. J 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕圣诞节后促销期间，消费者使用手机、平板网购时购物车放弃率高的现象展开，分析其原因并给出零售商的改进建议。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：希望在圣诞节后促销中买到便宜货的购物者，如果使用手机和平板电脑在线购物，完成购买的可能性会低得多。空处作bag的宾语，结合句意和post-Christmas sales可知，此处指“买到便宜货”，名词bargain“便宜货、特价商品”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故选I。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：根据一项新的研究，这是因为消费者经常担心他们在移动应用上没有看到全部情况，或者担心他们可能错过特别优惠或忽视隐藏成本。空处与missing out on并列，结合句意“担心错过优惠或忽略隐藏成本”可知，现在分词overlooking“忽视、忽略”符合题意。故选H。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：诚然，虽然移动应用正成为最受欢迎的网上购物方式之一，但购物车放弃率比桌面端网上购物高得多。空处修饰整个句子，作状语，结合句意，此处表示“诚然、无可否认”，用于引出转折前的事实，副词admittedly“诚然、无可否认地”符合题意。故选K。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：诚然，虽然移动应用正成为最受欢迎的网上购物方式之一，但购物车放弃率比桌面端网上购物高得多。空处作宾语，结合下文quit without paying和abandon their shopping carts可知，此处指“购物车放弃率”，名词abandonment“放弃、抛弃”符合题意。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：根据市场研究公司Criteo的数据，2016年第二季度，移动设备电子商务购物的占比上升至全球电子商务交易的46%，然而，在该渠道上发起的购买中，只有27%最终完成，明显落后于桌面端发起的购买。空处作主语，结合46% of global e-commerce trade可知，此处指移动设备购物在全球电商中的占比，名词share“份额、占比”符合题意。故选G。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：根据市场研究公司Criteo的数据，2016年第二季度，移动设备电子商务购物的占比上升至全球电子商务交易的46%，然而，在该渠道上发起的购买中，只有27%最终完成，明显落后于桌面端发起的购买。空处作后置定语，修饰purchases，结合句意“在该渠道上发起的购买”，动词initiated“发起、启动”（过去分词作定语，表被动）符合题意。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：东安格利亚大学（UEA）的研究人员正在调查为什么会出现这种情况，他们表示，这对在线零售商来说是一个巨大的挑战——他们在移动购物上投入巨大，却没有在成功销售中获得回报。空处作非谓语，结合why this is so可知，此处指研究人员在“调查”原因，researchers和investigate是主动关系，应用现在分词，动词investigating“调查、研究”符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 考查副词。句意：东安格利亚大学（UEA）的研究人员正在调查为什么会出现这种情况，他们表示，这对在线零售商来说是一个巨大的挑战——他们在移动购物上投入巨大，却没有在成功销售中获得回报。空处修饰动词investing（投入），作状语，结合句意“投入巨大”，副词heavily“大量地、沉重地”符合题意。故选J。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：UEA诺维奇商学院的尼古拉奥斯·科尔菲亚蒂斯博士说：“我们的研究结果揭示了一个悖论。”空处作谓语，结合句意“研究结果揭示了悖论”，动词reveal“揭示、显示”符合题意，此处描述研究过去得出的结论，用一般过去时。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：可能促使购物者完成购买的策略包括在结账阶段添加特别优惠或附近商店的优惠券。空处作谓语，结合句意“促使购物者完成购买”，动词boost“促进、推动”符合题意，might为情态动词，后接动词原形。故选F。 III. Reading Comprehensions(45分) Section A(15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A.B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best firs the context. A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed _____21_____ for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not _____22_____. Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and _____23_____ a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. _____24_____, if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to _____25_____ the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve _____26_____. Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can _____27_____ into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t _____28_____ pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to _____29_____ through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive ______30______ in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the ______31______ answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to ______32______ your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels. One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is ______33______ fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. ______34______ technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it” Dr. Restak said, which can ______35______ our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 21. A. accomplishment B. assumption C. regulation D. observation 22. A. inevitable B. dispensable C. reverse D. doubtful 23. A. striking B. enduring C. arousing D. maintaining 24. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. For instance D. Instead 25. A. demonstrate B. trace C. discover D. visualize 26. A. recall B. sight C. target D. instinct 27. A. enclose B. integrate C. evolve D. impose 28. A. steadily B. actively C. gradually D. automatically 29. A. adjust B. rush C. gesture D. navigate 30. A. performance B. decline C. awareness D. increase 31. A. modest B. original C. previous D. personal 32. A. engage B. drain C. insert D. fulfill 33. A. devoting to B. concentrating on C. giving in to D. giving up on 34. A. Beware of B. Stick to C. Long for D. Differ from 35. A. counter B. stock C. erode D. strengthen 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位神经学家提出的保护记忆力的建议。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们中的许多人来说，这是一个固定的假设；然而，根据神经学家、神经病学临床教授理查德·雷斯塔克博士的说法，衰退并非不可避免。A. accomplishment完成；B. assumption假设；C. regulation管理；D. observation观察。根据上文“As we age, our memory declines.”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们的记忆力会下降，这是一个普遍的假设。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同1题。A. inevitable不可避免的；B. dispensable可有可无的；C. reverse相反的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据转折词however 可知，前后句意相反，根据上文“As we age, our memory declines.”可知，上文提到记忆力下降是一个普遍的假设，下文则说衰退并非不可避免。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：以下是雷斯塔克博士提出的一些培养和保持健康记忆力的建议。A. striking打击；B. enduring忍受；C. arousing唤醒；D. maintaining保持。根据上文“Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and”可知，此处指培养和保持健康记忆力的建议。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你忘记了在鸡尾酒会上遇到的一个人的名字，可能是因为你当时在和几个人聊天。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Moreover此外；C. For instance例如；D. Instead代替。根据上文“Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems.”可知，此处是对上文的举例说明。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你学习新信息时，集中注意力的一种方法是将这个词形象化。A. demonstrate证明；B. trace追踪；C. discover发现；D. visualize使形象化。根据下文“Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve”可知，此处指将单词形象化。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷斯塔克说，将单词与图片联系起来可以提高回忆能力。A. recall回忆；B. sight视力；C. target目标；D. instinct本能。根据上文“Having a picture associated with the word”可知，将单词与图片联系起来可以提高回忆能力。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有许多记忆练习你可以融入日常生活。A. enclose围绕；B. integrate融入；C. evolve发展；D. impose强加。根据下文“…into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it.”可知，此处指将记忆练习融入日常生活。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你去商店时，不要自动拿出你的清单（或手机）——相反，根据你的记忆拿起每一件东西。A. steadily稳定地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. automatically自动地。根据下文“instead, pick up everything according to your memory.”可知，此处指不要不假思索地拿出清单。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，在不打开 GPS 的情况下上车，试着凭记忆在街道上导航。A. adjust调整；B. rush冲；C. gesture做手势；D. navigate导航。根据上文“Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS,”可知，此处指不依靠GPS在街道上凭记忆导航。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020 年的一项小型研究表明，随着时间的推移，经常使用 GPS 的人在三年后空间记忆的认知能力下降得更厉害。A. performance表现；B. decline下降；C. awareness意识；D. increase增加。根据上文“people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive”可知，此处指经常使用 GPS 的人在三年后空间记忆的认知能力有变化，分析选项，B项“decline下降”表达的含义符合语境。故选B。 31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为要想成功，提问者必须记住所有之前的答案，才能猜出正确答案。A. modest谦虚的；B. original原来的；C. previous之前的；D. personal个人的。根据下文“in order to guess the correct answer.”可知，此处指提问者必须记住所有之前的答案。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：关键是要让你的工作记忆参与进来，“保持信息并在脑海中移动它，”雷斯塔克写道。A. engage参与；B. drain排出；C. insert插入；D. fulfill履行。根据下文“maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,”可知，此处指让工作记忆参与进来。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：雷斯塔克博士说，记忆问题的一个早期迹象是放弃阅读小说。A. devoting to致力于；B. concentrating on集中精力于；C. giving in to屈服于；D. giving up on放弃。根据下文“People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,”可知，此处指放弃阅读小说。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小心科技。A. Beware of小心；B. Stick to坚持；C. Long for渴望；D. Differ from不同于。根据下文“Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can erode our own mental abilities.”可知，此处指小心科技的不利影响。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷斯塔克博士说，把所有东西都储存在手机上意味着“你不知道它”，这会削弱我们自己的心智能力。A. counter对抗；B. stock储备；C. erode削弱；D. strengthen加强。根据上文“Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,””可知，此处指削弱我们自己的心智能力。故选C。 Section B(22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When does spring begin? For some, it’s the second Sunday in March, when we turn our clocks forward by an hour in the United States. For others, it’s when they first realize they’ve finished dinner and it’s still light out. This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival. It’s only a three-hour flight from La Guardia (rainy, cold), New York to West Palm Beach (sunny, 81 degrees, slight breeze), Florida and from there an hour’s drive to Clover Park in Port St. Lucie, the spring training home of the New York Mets, where the traffic of more than 7,000 fans descended. Here in Port St. Lucie on a Tuesday afternoon, weeks before the season’s official start, cheery fans were dressed in lightweight clothing, drinking Modelo Especial and snacking on peanuts, heckling (起哄) the players. Here, spring was already happening. Being outdoors in the sunshine and fresh air, things do feel slower and easier. I love that baseball has long been considered America’s national pastime. A pastime is something that makes the passing of time pleasant. Isn’t that what we’re dying for in the winter months? Something that makes time not just tolerable but enjoyable? By the time I left Florida, it was pouring rain and even a little chilly. How was I supposed to take springtime home with me, I wondered fiercely. It was still raining in New York when I landed. Spring isn’t just weather, of course, and it certainly makes no promises about rain. I'm trying to resist cliché (陈词滥调), to keep from saying something similar to “spring is a state of mind,” even though I wish it were. I went looking for spring and I found it where spring breakers find it every year, already in full swing in the Sunshine State. My own official removal of woolen coats will occur on Tuesday, when spring finally arrives. But having experienced 24 hours of spring’s full pageant (盛会), my own little preseason, I feel slightly pacified. Perhaps I can be patient as spring establishes itself, and offer the season a little grace as it clicks into place. 36. What is presented in Paragraph 1? A. Spring falls on a fixed date. B. Spring came late this year. C. The author was longing for spring restlessly. D. The author was celebrating the end of winter. 37. How did the author find Port St. Lucie? A. A fast-paced world. B. Full of a joyful atmosphere. C. The birthplace of baseball. D. Home to delicious food. 38. What does the underlined word “pacified” in the last paragraph mean? A. Puzzled. B. Disappointed. C. Curious. D. Calm. 39. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. In Search of Spring B. In Praise of Spring C. A Trip to Florida D. A Farewell to New York 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要描述了作者对于春天的渴望和寻找春天的过程。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival.(今年，和往年一样，我迫不及待地希望冬天结束，我决定不再按惯例盯着日历看，而是看看自己能不能做些什么来加速春天的到来。)”可推知，作者焦急地盼望着春天的到来。故选C。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Here in Port St. Lucie on a Tuesday afternoon, weeks before the season’s official start, cheery fans were dressed in lightweight clothing, drinking Modelo Especial and snacking on peanuts, heckling(起哄)the players. Here, spring was already happening.(在圣露西港，一个周二的下午，距离赛季正式开始还有几周的时间，兴高采烈的球迷们穿着轻便的衣服，喝着Modelo special，吃着花生，向球员起哄。在这里，春天已经来临。)”可知，作者认为圣露西港充满欢乐的气氛。故选B。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“But having experienced 24 hours of spring’s full pageant (盛会), my own little preseason(但在经历了24小时的春天盛会之后，我自己也提前进入了春季前的准备阶段)”和下文“Perhaps I can be patient as spring establishes itself, and offer the season a little grace as it clicks into place.(也许我可以在春天到来的时候保持耐心，在春天到来的时候给这个季节增添一点优雅。)”可知，作者提前感受到了春天的美好，因此感到内心平静，不再那么急切地期待春天的到来。因此，pacified意为“平静的”，选项D“平静的”最符合文意。故选D。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival.(今年，和往年一样，我迫不及待地希望冬天结束，我决定不再按惯例盯着日历看，而是看看自己能不能做些什么来加速春天的到来。)”和文章最后一段“I went looking for spring and I found it where spring breakers find it every year, already in full swing in the Sunshine State.(我去寻找春天，我在每年春假的地方找到了它，在阳光之州已经如火如荼了。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者对于春天的渴望和寻找春天的过程。A项“In Search of Spring（寻找春天）”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选A。 (B) Tutor Wanted Teach a kindergartener how to read online. Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be! LTB tutors are dedicated volunteers who believe deeply in educational equity. Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger. Commit to tutoring at least 2 times per week for 3 months or longer. Support your students with homework help or use the resources provided by LTB to create your own lesson plans for your student. Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org Tutor adults in English The South Bay Literacy Council is an all-volunteer, non-profit organization dedicated to teaching adults to read, write and speak English in the South Bay, Los Angeles area. You’d commit to meeting weekly with your students online or in-person. We ask volunteers to make a 9-month commitment due to the time it takes to train and match tutors with students. Visit our website to apply: http://www.southbayliteracy.org Tutor for Remove the Borders Being a tutor for Remove the Borders is a great opportunity to gain volunteer hours while learning about how socioeconomic status and learning disabilities can hold students back. Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum amount of sessions you have to tutor is three. Visit our website to apply: https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9 Teach online STEM classes Across the country, millions of students lack the resources to learn about STEM and computer science. Our non-profit organization strives to provide this vital area of education to underprivileged students through engaging in online classes. As a volunteer teacher, you will earn service hours while developing critical communication, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessions will run for eight weeks, and have a time commitment of three hours per week. Visit our website to apply: https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html 40. Who is Learn To Be intended for? A. Disadvantaged K-12 students. B. Students with learning disabilities. C. Grown-ups interested in English. D. Information technology majors. 41. Which program is most suitable for a volunteer without much time? A. Teach a kindergartener how to read online. B. Tutor adults in English. C. Tutor for Remove the Borders. D. Teach online STEM classes. 42. What do these four programs have in common? A. Only online service is offered. B. People can attend classes free of charge. C. Volunteers will acquire service hours. D. Applicants for volunteers’ jobs need to sign up online. 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是四个项目的导师的招聘启事。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be!部分“Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger.(我们的导师自愿奉献自己的时间，让弱势的K-12孩子和他们的家庭生活得更轻松，让他们的机会更大，梦想更大。)”可知，Learn To Be是为那些弱势的K-12学生设计的。故选A。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据Tutor for Remove the Borders部分“Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum amount of sessions you have to tutor is three.(你的辅导时间将由你和你要辅导的人确定。你必须辅导的最低课时为三节。)”可知，Tutor for Remove the Borders最低课时为三节，辅导时间将由你和你要辅导的人确定，最适合没有太多时间的志愿者的是Tutor for Remove the Borders。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org(请访问我们的网站申请：https://www.learntobe.org)”，“Visit our website to apply: http://www.southbayliteracy.org(请访问我们的网站申请：http://www.southbayliteracy.org)”，“Visit our website to apply: https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9(请访问我们的网站申请：https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9)”和“Visit our website to apply: https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html(请访问我们的网站申请：https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html)”可知，这四个项目的共同点是志愿者工作的申请者需要在网上报名。故选D。 (C) Teens Are Still Developing Empathy Skills The teen years are often fraught with door-slamming, eye-rolling and seeming insensitivity even by kids who behaved kindly before. Some parents worry that they are doing something wrong or that their children will never think of anyone but themselves. A six -year study shows that biology is partly to blame. In adolescence, critical social skills that are needed for one to feel concern for other people and to understand how they think are undergoing major changes. Adolescence has long been known as prime time for developing cognitive skills (认知能力) for self-regulation and executive function (执行功能). “Cognitive empathy,” or the mental ability to take others’ perspective, begins to rise steadily in girls at the age of 13, according to the study co-authored by Jolien van der Graaff at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. By comparison, boys do not begin until the age of 15 to show increases in perspective-taking, which helps in problem -solving and avoiding conflict. Adolescent boys actually show a temporary decline, between the ages of 13 and 16, in a related skill — “affective empathy (情感同理心),” or the ability to recognize and respond to others’ feelings. This may be the result, at least in part, of a dramatic rise in testosterone (睾酮), the primary male sex hormone, during adolescence, which sparks a desire for dominance and power. Fortunately, the boys’ sensitivity recovers in their late teens. Girls affective empathy remains relatively high and stable throughout adolescence. This doesn’t mean, however, that we can do nothing but just wait for teenagers to develop a feeling of empathy. In fact, parents can help instill affective empathy into their children. Affective empathy is grounded in the limbic region (边缘区) of the brain, which regulates emotions. This capacity begins to develop in infancy. Children learn to practice empathy by watching their parents and by experiencing it themselves-being well treated by adults who sensitively respond to their emotions. While cognitive empathy arises from a different part of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (内侧前额叶皮层), the two abilities are linked. Children’s affective empathy predicts their level of cognitive empathy as teens, says Caspar Van Lissa at Utrecht University. The findings reflect a major expansion in researchers’ understanding of cognitive growth during adolescence. They used to believe that both forms of empathy were fully formed in childhood. Now, it is clear that “the brain regions that support social cognition, which helps us successfully understand and interact with others, continue to change dramatically”, in our teens, says Jennifer Pfeifer at the University of Oregon. Research in her lab also suggests that cognitive empathy rises in teens. The discoveries serve as a new lens for exploring such teen behavior as bullying and drug abuse. 43. Teenage boys are less likely to put themselves in other people’s shoes ______. A. until the age of 15 B. in their late teens C. during adolescence D. between the ages of 13 and 16 44. Adolescent boys tend to ignore the feelings of another person partly because ______. A. they are born with a natural desire for dominance and power B. their affective empathy becomes unstable during adolescence C. they think being sensitive and caring is seen as uncool for guys D. their emotional reactions are highly influenced by peer pressure 45. Which of the following kids is most likely to grow more empathetic during their adolescence? A. Mike, raised by his grandparents who only care if he’s hungry. B. Jack, raised by parents who buy anything he wants to keep him quiet. C. Leila, raised by parents who properly guide her through her emotions. D. Carla, raised by parents who always ask her to handle her feelings on her own. 46. Which of the following statements about the study co-authored by Graaff is NOT true? A. It took her team a long time to reach their conclusions. B. It was the first of its kind to have studied teen empathy. C. Its findings were supported by Jennifer Pfeifer’s research. D. It will pave the way for further research on some typical teen behavior. 【答案】43. A 44. B 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年之所以发脾气，与其生理因素有一定的关系，他们仍在发展同理心技能。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““Cognitive empathy,” or the mental ability to take others’ perspective, begins to rise steadily in girls at the age of 13, according to the study co-authored by Jolien van der Graaff at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. By comparison, boys do not begin until the age of 15 to show increases in perspective-taking, which helps in problem -solving and avoiding conflict.( 荷兰乌得勒支大学（Utrecht University）的乔利恩·范德格拉夫（joolien van der Graaff）与人合著的这项研究表明，女孩的“认知同理心”，即站在他人角度思考的心理能力，在13岁时开始稳步上升。相比之下，男孩直到15岁才开始表现出换位思考的能力，这有助于解决问题和避免冲突。)”可知，男孩直到 15 岁才开始在换位思考能力上有所提升，也就是说在 15 岁之前，青少年男孩不太可能设身处地为他人着想。故选A项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Adolescent boys actually show a temporary decline, between the ages of 13 and 16, in a related skill — “affective empathy (情感同理心),” or the ability to recognize and respond to others’ feelings. This may be the result, at least in part, of a dramatic rise in testosterone (睾酮), the primary male sex hormone, during adolescence, which sparks a desire for dominance and power.( 青春期男孩在13岁到16岁之间，在一项相关技能——“情感同理心”，或识别并回应他人感受的能力上，实际上会出现暂时的衰退。这可能是青春期男性主要性激素睾丸激素急剧上升的结果，至少在一定程度上是这样，睾丸激素会激发对统治和权力的渴望。)”可知，青春期男孩在13到16岁期间情感同理心会暂时下降，这导致他们倾向于忽视他人的感受，也就是说他们的情感同理心在青春期变得不稳定。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Children learn to practice empathy by watching their parents and by experiencing it themselves-being well treated by adults who sensitively respond to their emotions.( 孩子们通过观察他们的父母和亲身体验来学习同理心——被那些对他们的情绪敏感的成年人善待。)”可知，孩子通过观察父母以及自己经历被成人敏感地回应情绪来学习共情。C 选项中 Leila 的父母适当地引导她处理情绪，符合能让孩子更有共情能力的条件。故选C项。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A six -year study shows that biology is partly to blame.( 一项为期六年的研究表明，生物学是部分原因。)”可知，她的团队花了很长时间（六年）得出结论，A 项正确；根据最后一段中“Research in her lab also suggests that cognitive empathy rises in teens.( 她实验室的研究还表明，青少年的认知同理心会增强。)”可知，Jennifer Pfeifer的研究支持了Graaff的研究发现，即认知同理心在青少年时期会上升，C项正确；根据最后一段中“The discoveries serve as a new lens for exploring such teen behavior as bullying and drug abuse.( 这些发现为探索欺凌和滥用药物等青少年行为提供了新的视角。)”可知，这些发现将为进一步研究一些典型的青少年行为（如欺凌和药物滥用）铺平道路，D项正确；文中并没有提及这是第一个研究青少年同理心的研究，B项“the first of its kind”说法错误。故选B项。 Section C(8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the bar.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). ___________47___________ The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. ___________48___________ These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). ___________49___________ If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. ___________50___________ Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A. They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B. Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C. Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D. In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E. They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F. For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. 【答案】47. B 48. F 49. E 50. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。缺乏自制力往往让我们无法达成目标，文章对如何提高自制力进行了一些介绍。 【47题详解】 根据前文“Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). (我们最担心的问题，从暴饮暴食到没有足够的退休储蓄到没有足够的锻炼，都有一个共同点：缺乏自制力。自我控制是让我们有能力拒绝那些能让我们立刻感到满足，但从长远来看代价高昂的选择——一块巧克力蛋糕（而不是一个苹果），一个下午躺在沙发前（而不是去健身房）。)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自制力让我们往往无法达成目标，所以选项B“尽管我们的意愿是最好的，但我们经常无法实现我们的目标。”切合文意。故选B。 【48题详解】 根据后文“These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. (这些激励可以提高我们的自制力，至少在一定程度上是这样。)”可知，此处是指有自制力的人往往很有动力点，所以选项F“例如，研究发现，当人们知道他们的努力会得到回报，或者当他们被告知他们的工作将使他人受益时，他们会坚持更长的时间来完成需要自我控制的任务。”切合文意。故选F。 【49题详解】 根据前文“To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). (举一个著名的例子，在承诺合同网站stickK.com上，用户先投下一些钱（比如200美元），然后陈述一个他们想要实现的目标（比如一个月减掉10磅）。)”和后文“If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. (如果他们达到了目标，他们就能赚回自己的钱。如果他们不这样做，他们就会失去这笔钱。)”可知，此处是指用户需要陈述没有达成目标会受到的惩罚，所以选项E“他们还需要说明，如果他们不遵守承诺，这笔钱会怎么处理（例如，这笔钱会捐给他们不喜欢的朋友或慈善机构）。”切合文意。故选E。 【50题详解】 根据前文“My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. (我和我的同事进行了一项新的研究，指出了一个可能更容易实施的不同解决方案：使用仪式。)”和后文“Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. (参加各种运动的运动员都有一些仪式，比如在比赛前按照完全相同的顺序吃同样的食物。)”可知，此处是介绍“仪式”是什么，所以选项C“仪式是我们采取的一系列步骤，同时附加某种象征意义。”切合文意。故选C。 IV. Summary Writing(10分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Obstacles to the correct decision Life is full of choices, some inconsequential, some really significant. But sometimes it can be hard to make the correct one. What are the obstacles that stand between us and a good outcome? Some of us just find it hard to decide. Alice Boyes, writing for Harvard Business Review, tells us this can be connected to perfectionism, where people attempt to find a perfect solution to any problem and are unable to move forward when they can’t find one. It might seem that being indecisive would stop us making the right decision, but in fact it could actually help us make the correct ones. Susan Krauss in Psychology Today reminds us that people often make bad decisions because they base them on preconceptions rather than the context in which things happen. She highlights a paper by researcher Iris Schneider which finds that indecisive people are more likely to look at different perspectives and use them to come to a better decision. So, it could be that a more significant barrier to making the best choice is our cognitive biases. David Robson tells us that intelligence can sometimes stop people making the right decision. People sometimes use intelligence to invent justifications for irrational beliefs. He believes that humility is key to making a good decision. People who can accept that they might be wrong are more likely to consider different viewpoints. He is backed up on this by Jeff Bezos. Tech CEO Jason Fried recalls the Amazon founder saying how the people who were right a lot of the time were the people who often changed their minds. So, maybe rather than indecision, it might be intelligence and decisiveness, backed up by our biases that actually stop us making good choices while humility and indecisiveness could help us pick the best option. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are obstacles in decision- making. Some perfectionists are indecisive but in fact their indecisiveness can aid in sound decision-making. Without cognitive biases, indecisive people tend to consider different perspectives. Also, intelligent people like rationalizing unreasonable beliefs instead of admitting their errors. Therefore, the real obstacle to better decision-making is intelligence and decisiveness, rather than indecision. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，决策过程中存在障碍。有些完美主义者优柔寡断，但事实上，他们的优柔寡断有助于做出正确的决策。没有认知偏差，优柔寡断的人倾向于考虑不同的观点。此外，聪明的人喜欢把不合理的信念合理化，而不是承认自己的错误。因此，做出更好决策的真正障碍是智慧和果断，而不是优柔寡断。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Some of us just find it hard to decide. ②It might seem that being indecisive would stop us making the right decision, but in fact it could actually help us make the correct ones. ③She highlights a paper by researcher Iris Schneider which finds that indecisive people are more likely to look at different perspectives and use them to come to a better decision. So, it could be that a more significant barrier to making the best choice is our cognitive biases. ④David Robson tells us that intelligence can sometimes stop people making the right decision. ⑤People sometimes use intelligence to invent justifications for irrational beliefs. ⑥So, maybe rather than indecision, it might be intelligence and decisiveness, backed up by our biases that actually stop us making good choices while humility and indecisiveness could help us pick the best option. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3、6几个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 There are obstacles in decision- making. Some perfectionists are indecisive but in fact their indecisiveness can aid in sound decision-making. Without cognitive biases, indecisive people tend to consider different perspectives. Also intelligent people like rationalizing unreasonable beliefs instead of admitting their errors. Therefore, the real obstacle to better decision-making is intelligence and decisiveness, rather than indecision. 【点睛】[高分句型1]：There are obstacles in decision- making. (这句话运用了there be句型) [高分句型2]：Also, intelligent people like rationalizing unreasonable beliefs instead of admitting their errors. (这句话运用了动名词作宾语) V. Translation(15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 学校功课太忙，我可没有心情看这个动画片。(mood) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I’m too busy with schoolwork and I’m not in the mood to watch this cartoon. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、固定短语、不定式。表示“我”用I，作主语。表示“太忙了”用be too busy with，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为I，be动词用am。表示“学校作业”用schoolwork，作with的宾语。用and连接两个句子。and后的句子中：表示“我”用I，作主语；表示“有心情做某事”用be in the mood to do sth.，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为I，be动词用am，本句用am not in the mood to；表示“看这个动画片”用watch this cartoon，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。故翻译为I’m too busy with schoolwork and I’m not in the mood to watch this cartoon. 53. 专家认为，飞行员不是此次飞机失事的唯一责任人。（blame） （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】The experts didn’t think the pilot was the only one to blame for the air crash. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和固定短语。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般过去时表过去情况。表示“专家认为”应用The experts didn’t think，为主句，使用否定转移结构；表示“飞行员”应用the pilot，在从句中作主语；表示“唯一责任人”应用the only one to blame，为固定搭配，在本句中作表语，其中to blame表示“该受责备的，应承担责任的”，作后置定语修饰the only one；表示“飞机失事”应用the air crash，作介词for的宾语。故翻译为The experts didn’t think the pilot was the only one to blame for the air crash. 54. 在救援队达到之前，探险家们在这位年轻人的指引下成功脱离了险境。(By the time ...) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By the time the rescue team arrived, the explorers had successfully walked out of the danger with the guidance of the young man. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，时间状语从句和固定搭配。“在救援队到达之前”是时间状语从句，应用“by the time”引导时间状语从句。表示“救援队到达”的事情是发生在过去的，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故可译为the rescue team arrived。“探险家们成功脱离了险境”是主句，“探险家们”为the explorers，“脱离险境”walk out of the danger这一动作发生在“救援队到达”之前，发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故可译为the explorers had successfully walked out of the danger，副词“成功”successfully修饰had walked。表示“在……的指引下”的介词短语为with the guidance of，表示“这位年轻人”应用名词短语the young man，作宾语。句首字母应大写，故答案为By the time the rescue team arrived, the explorers had successfully walked out of the danger with the guidance of the young man. 55. 如果我们一味地追求更好的物质生活而不停下脚步欣赏已拥有的生活，那么幸福仍将是遥不可及的。(reach n.) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】If we’re always striving for a better material life without stopping to appreciate what we have already had, happiness will remain out of reach. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、条件状语从句、和宾语从句。“如果我们一味地追求更好的物质生活而不停下脚步欣赏已拥有的生活”为if引导的条件状语从句，主语是we，谓语“追求”用strive for，此处用“always + 现在进行时”表示“一味地、总是（带有某种倾向）”，宾语“更好的物质生活”为a better material life，表示“而不”用without， 宾语“停下脚步欣赏……”用stopping to appreciate；appreciate后接what引导的宾语从句，“我们已经拥有”用we have already had，what引导宾语从句，既作appreciate的宾语，又在从句中作had的宾语；“幸福仍将是遥不可及的”为主句，主语“幸福”用happiness谓语“仍将是”用will remain，表语“遥不可及”用out of reach。综上，故翻译为If we’re always striving for a better material life without stopping to appreciate what we have already had, happiness will remain out of reach. VI. Guided Writing(25分) 56. 76 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 如今,随着中华优秀传统文化的复兴,越来越多高中计划开设传统文化相关社团（如汉服社、国画社、古诗词社等）。但有人认为，这类社团会占用学生的学术学习时间，且对大学升学没有直接帮助；也有人认为，加入传统文化社团对学生的个人成长具有重要价值。 请阐述你对“高中是否应鼓励学生参与传统文化社团”这一问题的看法，并提供具体理由和例子支撑你的观点。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Should High Schools Encourage Students to Participate in Traditional Culture Clubs? In my view, high schools should definitely encourage students to participate in traditional culture clubs. Such clubs play a vital role in students’ personal growth. Firstly, these clubs offer a precious opportunity for students to immerse themselves in the profound world of traditional culture. Secondly, joining these clubs helps develop students’ well - rounded abilities. Take the ancient poetry club as an instance. Through reciting and analyzing poems, students can improve their language skills, aesthetic judgment, and even critical thinking. Finally, contrary to the concern that these clubs may take up academic time, they can actually relieve students’ study pressure. After a long day of intense study, engaging in activities like painting in the Chinese painting club can be a great relaxation. In conclusion, high-school students stand to gain a great deal from participating in traditional culture clubs, both academically and personally. Therefore, high schools should encourage and support the establishment and development of such clubs. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇观点阐述类的英语作文，要求就“高中是否应鼓励学生参与传统文化社团”这一话题发表看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 鼓励：encourage→ motivate 占用：take up → occupy 支持：support → back 机会：opportunity → chance 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Firstly, these clubs offer a precious opportunity for students to immerse themselves in the profound world of traditional culture. 拓展句：Firstly, these clubs, which are a bridge connecting students to the essence of traditional culture, offer a precious opportunity for students to immerse themselves in the profound world of traditional culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, joining these clubs helps develop students' well - rounded abilities.（动名词短语“joining these clubs”作主语，） 【高分句型2】Finally, contrary to the concern that these clubs may take up academic time, they can actually relieve students' study pressure.（运用that引导的同位语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南洋中学高三年级英语学科 9月学习能力诊断测试题 (满分140分,考试时间120分钟) I. Listening Comprehension(25分) Section A(10分) Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1. A. At the airport. B. In a theatre. C. In a ticket office. D. At a hotel. 2.A.Attend a party. B. Go camping. C. Decorate a house. D. Rent a tent 3.A.2. B.3. C.5. D.10. 4.A.The postcard has been lost B. The local post office is closed. C. The man will go to the post office. D.The woman is expecting a postcard. 5.A. Buy some new equipment B. Leave the equipment as they are. C.Watch what the woman is doing. D. Finish his wort as quickly as possible. 6.A.Work on the assignment with a classmate B.Talk to an advisor about dropping the course. C.Spend more time working on maths problems. D.Ask a graduate assistant for help. 7.A.Go home to get a book. B.Return a book to the library. C.Pick up a book at the library for the woman. D.Ask the librarian for help in finding a book. 8. A. She wishes she hadn't ordered the dish. B.She doesn't usually eat in the cafeteria. C.The cafeteria usually uses canned vegetables. D.The dish usually contains fewer vegetables. 9.A. Students still have time to apply for a loan. B.Students must wait until next month to apply for a loan. C.The woman should find out whether her loan application was accepted. D.The woman should ask for an extension on the application deadline. 10. A. She didn't want to stay at the Gordon. B.Her hotel is far from the conference centre. C.She isn't sure how to get to the Apple Gales. D.The man should consider moving to another hotel Section B(15分) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To make some physical samples of the wine to be tasted. B. To reach an agreement on how certain flavors smell. C. To coin some descriptive terms for certain flavors. D. To find a room that is lit with red light. 12. A. It helps people distinguish different flavors. B. It is composed of wheels of different sizes. C. It exposes users to fruity flavors alone. D. It divides flavors into two categories. 13.A.The standard procedure of wine-testing B. The wide use of the Aroma Wheel. C.The at-home wine-testing test. D.The fun sensory world. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. He read about it the day before. B. One of the students asked him about it. C. He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock's travel log. D.The students were required to read about it. 15.A.Peary wasn’t an experienced explorer. B. He had reached the pole before Peary did. C. Peary had announced his success too early D. The investigation of Peary's trip wasn't thorough. 16.A.They interviewed Peary. B. They talked to one of Peary's companions. C. They examined Peary's tools used for the voyage. D. They conducted a computer analysis of photographs. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A new source of fuel oil. B.An alternative use of fuel oil. C.A way to make fuel oil less polluting. D.A new method for locating underground oil. 18.A. She was doing research for a paper on it B. She was told about it by her roommate. C.She read a newspaper article about it. D. She heard about it in class. 19.A.To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogen. B. To heat the reactors to a proper temperature. C.To prevent dangerous gases from forming. D.To remove impurities from methanol 20. A. It hasn't been fully tested. B. It is quite expensive. C. It produces harmful gases. D. It uses up scarce minerals. II. Grammar and Vocabulary(20分) Section A(10分) Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The responsibility of safeguarding China’s airspace is not placed solely on combat aircraft. Ground-based air-defense and anti-ballistic (反弹道的) missile systems are another significant component in defending_____1_____incoming air threats. ____2____(display) its multi-stage, multi-layer air and missile defense network, the Air Force brought six types of advanced systems to the parade. The occasion____3____marks the public debut of the HQ-20 and HQ-22A anti-aircraft (防空的) missile systems, attracts wide attention from military enthusiasts at home and abroad. Another three types-HQ-11, HQ-9C and HQ-19 — ____4____(be) part of Chinese defense shows in recent years. According to Zhang Xuefeng, a military hardware observer and retired PLA officer, the HQ-11, HQ-20, and HQ-22A are primarily tasked with engaging with conventional threats, and can effectively intercept (拦截) fixed-wing aircraft, drones, and even short- and medium-range ballistic missiles. What many people are curious about is ____5____these advanced anti-aircraft missile systems will be arranged in key coastal areas. The HQ-19, unveiled for the first time in November 2024, has been designed for regional protection against ballistic missiles at the high-altitude terminal phase,____6____(characterize) by a large coverage and strong countermeasures.These traits make____7____a backbone equipment for China's homeland air defense and missile interception operations, according to Zhang. “The combination of the HQ-9 series and the HQ-19 will form____8____powerful, multi-layer network to keep our important assets safe from threats from air,” the observer noted. Wang Yanan, chief editor of Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said that in addition to conventional ballistic missiles (弹道导弹), the HQ-19 is able to counter hypersonic (超音速的) glide vehicle weapons that boast extremely fast speeds and supreme agility. As a cutting-edge strike hardware, the hypersonic glide vehicle weapon is virtually impossible to intercept by previous air-defense missiles and a significant threat____9____(pose) to high-value assets. As the____10____(large) surface-to-air missile system China has ever shown, the HQ-29 is a mid-course interceptor designed to engage threats outside the Earth's atmosphere. Analysts have pointed to its large-diameter launch canisters and dual-missile configuration as possible indicators of a design meant to boost interception odds against fast and maneuvering ballistic targets. Section B(10分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abandonment B. initiated C. categorizing D. revealed E. investigating F. boost G. share H. overlooking I.bargain J. heavily K. admittedly Shoppers hoping to bag a ____11____ in the post-Christmas sales are much less likely to go through with their purchases if they are using phones and tablets to buy goods online. This is because consumers often worry they are not seeing the full picture on a mobile app or that they could be missing out on special offers or ____12____ hidden costs, according to new research. Concerns about privacy and security can also motivate people to put items into their shopping baskets but then quit without paying. Although mobile apps are ____13____ becoming among the most popular ways to shop online, the phenomenon of shopping cart ____14____ is much higher than for desktop-based online shopping. According to Market Research firm Criteo, the ____15____ of e-commerce purchases from mobile devices increased to 46% of global e-commerce trade in the second quarter of 2016, however, only 27% of purchases ____16____ on this channel were finalized, significantly lagging behind desktop initiated purchases. Researchers at the University of East Anglia(UEA) ____17____ why this is so say it represents a huge challenge for online retailers, who are investing ____18____ in mobile shopping, but not receiving the rewards in successful sales. “Our study results ____19____ a paradox (悖论),” said Dr Nikolaos Korfiatis of Norwich Business School at UEA. “Mobile shopping is supposed to make the process easier, and yet concerns about making the right choice, or about whether the site is secure enough leads to an emotional ambivalence (矛盾情绪) about the transaction and that means customers are much more likely to simply abandon their shopping carts without completing a purchase.” Strategies that might ____20____ a shopper to complete a purchase include adding special offers, or coupons for a nearby store at the checkout stage. “Retailers need to invest in technology, but they need to do it in the right way, so the investment pays off,” added Dr Korfiatis. III. Reading Comprehensions(45分) Section A(15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A.B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best firs the context. A Neurologist’s Tips to Protect Your Memory As we age, our memory declines. This is a fixed _____21_____ for many of us; however, according to neuroscientist Dr. Richard Restak, a neurologist and clinical professor, decline is not _____22_____. Ultimately, “we are what we can remember,” he said. Here are some of Dr. Restak’s tips for developing and _____23_____ a healthy memory. Pay more attention. Some memory lapses are actually attention problems, not memory problems. _____24_____, if you’ve forgotten the name of someone you met at a cocktail party, it could be because you were talking with several people at the time. One way to pay attention when you learn new information is to _____25_____ the word. Having a picture associated with the word, Restak said, can improve _____26_____. Find regular everyday memory challenges. There are many memory exercises that you can _____27_____ into everyday life. Dr. Restak suggested composing a grocery list and memorizing it. When you get to the store, don’t _____28_____ pull out your list (or your phone) — instead, pick up everything according to your memory. Once in a while, get in the car without turning on your GPS, and try to _____29_____ through the streets from memory. A small 2020 study suggested that people who used GPS more frequently over time showed a steeper cognitive ______30______ in spatial memory three years later. Play games. Dr. Restak’s “favorite working memory game” is 20 Questions — in which a group thinks of a person, place or object, and the other person, the questioner, asks 20 questions with a yes-or-no answer. Because to succeed, he said, the questioner must hold all of the ______31______ answers in memory in order to guess the correct answer. The point is to ______32______ your working memory, “maintaining information and moving it around in your mind,” Restak wrote. Read more novels One early indicator of memory issues, according to Dr. Restak, is ______33______ fiction. “People, when they begin to have memory difficulties, tend to switch to reading nonfiction,” he said. Fiction requires active engagement with the text, starting at the beginning and working through to the end. ______34______ technology. Storing everything on your phone means that “you don’t know it,” Dr. Restak said, which can ______35______ our own mental abilities. The second way our relationship with technology is harmful to memory is because it often takes our focus away from the task at hand. 21. A. accomplishment B. assumption C. regulation D. observation 22. A. inevitable B. dispensable C. reverse D. doubtful 23. A. striking B. enduring C. arousing D. maintaining 24. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. For instance D. Instead 25. A. demonstrate B. trace C. discover D. visualize 26. A. recall B. sight C. target D. instinct 27. A. enclose B. integrate C. evolve D. impose 28. A. steadily B. actively C. gradually D. automatically 29. A. adjust B. rush C. gesture D. navigate 30. A. performance B. decline C. awareness D. increase 31. A. modest B. original C. previous D. personal 32. A. engage B. drain C. insert D. fulfill 33. A. devoting to B. concentrating on C. giving in to D. giving up on 34. A. Beware of B. Stick to C. Long for D. Differ from 35. A. counter B. stock C. erode D. strengthen Section B(22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When does spring begin? For some, it’s the second Sunday in March, when we turn our clocks forward by an hour in the United States. For others, it’s when they first realize they’ve finished dinner and it’s still light out. This year, impatient as ever for winter to end, I decided to skip my usual routine of calendar watching and see if I couldn’t do something to speed up spring’s arrival. It’s only a three-hour flight from La Guardia (rainy, cold), New York to West Palm Beach (sunny, 81 degrees, slight breeze), Florida and from there an hour’s drive to Clover Park in Port St. Lucie, the spring training home of the New York Mets, where the traffic of more than 7,000 fans descended. Here in Port St. Lucie on a Tuesday afternoon, weeks before the season’s official start, cheery fans were dressed in lightweight clothing, drinking Modelo Especial and snacking on peanuts, heckling (起哄) the players. Here, spring was already happening. Being outdoors in the sunshine and fresh air, things do feel slower and easier. I love that baseball has long been considered America’s national pastime. A pastime is something that makes the passing of time pleasant. Isn’t that what we’re dying for in the winter months? Something that makes time not just tolerable but enjoyable? By the time I left Florida, it was pouring rain and even a little chilly. How was I supposed to take springtime home with me, I wondered fiercely. It was still raining in New York when I landed. Spring isn’t just weather, of course, and it certainly makes no promises about rain. I'm trying to resist cliché (陈词滥调), to keep from saying something similar to “spring is a state of mind,” even though I wish it were. I went looking for spring and I found it where spring breakers find it every year, already in full swing in the Sunshine State. My own official removal of woolen coats will occur on Tuesday, when spring finally arrives. But having experienced 24 hours of spring’s full pageant (盛会), my own little preseason, I feel slightly pacified. Perhaps I can be patient as spring establishes itself, and offer the season a little grace as it clicks into place. 36. What is presented in Paragraph 1? A. Spring falls on a fixed date. B. Spring came late this year. C. The author was longing for spring restlessly. D. The author was celebrating the end of winter. 37. How did the author find Port St. Lucie? A. A fast-paced world. B. Full of a joyful atmosphere. C The birthplace of baseball. D. Home to delicious food. 38 What does the underlined word “pacified” in the last paragraph mean? A. Puzzled. B. Disappointed. C. Curious. D. Calm. 39. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. In Search of Spring B. In Praise of Spring C. A Trip to Florida D. A Farewell to New York (B) Tutor Wanted Teach a kindergartener how to read online. Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be! LTB tutors are dedicated volunteers who believe deeply in educational equity. Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger. Commit to tutoring at least 2 times per week for 3 months or longer. Support your students with homework help or use the resources provided by LTB to create your own lesson plans for your student. Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org Tutor adults in English The South Bay Literacy Council is an all-volunteer, non-profit organization dedicated to teaching adults to read, write and speak English in the South Bay, Los Angeles area. You’d commit to meeting weekly with your students online or in-person. We ask volunteers to make a 9-month commitment due to the time it takes to train and match tutors with students. Visit our website to apply: http://www.southbayliteracy.org Tutor for Remove the Borders Being a tutor for Remove the Borders is a great opportunity to gain volunteer hours while learning about how socioeconomic status and learning disabilities can hold students back. Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum amount of sessions you have to tutor is three. Visit our website to apply: https://formsgle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9 Teach online STEM classes Across the country, millions of students lack the resources to learn about STEM and computer science. Our non-profit organization strives to provide this vital area of education to underprivileged students through engaging in online classes. As a volunteer teacher, you will earn service hours while developing critical communication, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessions will run for eight weeks, and have a time commitment of three hours per week. Visit our website to apply: https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html 40. Who is Learn To Be intended for? A. Disadvantaged K-12 students. B. Students with learning disabilities. C. Grown-ups interested in English. D. Information technology majors. 41. Which program is most suitable for a volunteer without much time? A. Teach a kindergartener how to read online. B. Tutor adults in English. C. Tutor for Remove the Borders. D. Teach online STEM classes. 42. What do these four programs have in common? A. Only online service is offered. B. People can attend classes free of charge. C. Volunteers will acquire service hours. D. Applicants for volunteers’ jobs need to sign up online. (C) Teens Are Still Developing Empathy Skills The teen years are often fraught with door-slamming, eye-rolling and seeming insensitivity even by kids who behaved kindly before. Some parents worry that they are doing something wrong or that their children will never think of anyone but themselves. A six -year study shows that biology is partly to blame. In adolescence, critical social skills that are needed for one to feel concern for other people and to understand how they think are undergoing major changes. Adolescence has long been known as prime time for developing cognitive skills (认知能力) for self-regulation and executive function (执行功能). “Cognitive empathy,” or the mental ability to take others’ perspective, begins to rise steadily in girls at the age of 13, according to the study co-authored by Jolien van der Graaff at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. By comparison, boys do not begin until the age of 15 to show increases in perspective-taking, which helps in problem -solving and avoiding conflict. Adolescent boys actually show a temporary decline, between the ages of 13 and 16, in a related skill — “affective empathy (情感同理心),” or the ability to recognize and respond to others’ feelings. This may be the result, at least in part, of a dramatic rise in testosterone (睾酮), the primary male sex hormone, during adolescence, which sparks a desire for dominance and power. Fortunately, the boys’ sensitivity recovers in their late teens. Girls affective empathy remains relatively high and stable throughout adolescence. This doesn’t mean, however, that we can do nothing but just wait for teenagers to develop a feeling of empathy. In fact, parents can help instill affective empathy into their children. Affective empathy is grounded in the limbic region (边缘区) of the brain, which regulates emotions. This capacity begins to develop in infancy. Children learn to practice empathy by watching their parents and by experiencing it themselves-being well treated by adults who sensitively respond to their emotions. While cognitive empathy arises from a different part of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (内侧前额叶皮层), the two abilities are linked. Children’s affective empathy predicts their level of cognitive empathy as teens, says Caspar Van Lissa at Utrecht University. The findings reflect a major expansion in researchers’ understanding of cognitive growth during adolescence. They used to believe that both forms of empathy were fully formed in childhood. Now, it is clear that “the brain regions that support social cognition, which helps us successfully understand and interact with others, continue to change dramatically”, in our teens, says Jennifer Pfeifer at the University of Oregon. Research in her lab also suggests that cognitive empathy rises in teens. The discoveries serve as a new lens for exploring such teen behavior as bullying and drug abuse. 43. Teenage boys are less likely to put themselves in other people’s shoes ______. A. until the age of 15 B. in their late teens C. during adolescence D. between the ages of 13 and 16 44. Adolescent boys tend to ignore the feelings of another person partly because ______. A. they are born with a natural desire for dominance and power B. their affective empathy becomes unstable during adolescence C. they think being sensitive and caring is seen as uncool for guys D. their emotional reactions are highly influenced by peer pressure 45. Which of the following kids is most likely to grow more empathetic during their adolescence? A. Mike, raised by his grandparents who only care if he’s hungry. B. Jack, raised by parents who buy anything he wants to keep him quiet. C. Leila, raised by parents who properly guide her through her emotions. D. Carla, raised by parents who always ask her to handle her feelings on her own. 46. Which of the following statements about the study co-authored by Graaff is NOT true? A. It took her team a long time to reach their conclusions. B. It was the first of its kind to have studied teen empathy. C. Its findings were supported by Jennifer Pfeifer’s research. D. It will pave the way for further research on some typical teen behavior. Section C(8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the bar.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). ___________47___________ The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. ___________48___________ These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). ___________49___________ If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. ___________50___________ Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A. They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B. Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D. In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E. They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F. For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. IV. Summary Writing(10分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Obstacles to the correct decision Life is full of choices, some inconsequential, some really significant. But sometimes it can be hard to make the correct one. What are the obstacles that stand between us and a good outcome? Some of us just find it hard to decide. Alice Boyes, writing for Harvard Business Review, tells us this can be connected to perfectionism, where people attempt to find a perfect solution to any problem and are unable to move forward when they can’t find one. It might seem that being indecisive would stop us making the right decision, but in fact it could actually help us make the correct ones. Susan Krauss in Psychology Today reminds us that people often make bad decisions because they base them on preconceptions rather than the context in which things happen. She highlights a paper by researcher Iris Schneider which finds that indecisive people are more likely to look at different perspectives and use them to come to a better decision. So, it could be that a more significant barrier to making the best choice is our cognitive biases. David Robson tells us that intelligence can sometimes stop people making the right decision. People sometimes use intelligence to invent justifications for irrational beliefs. He believes that humility is key to making a good decision. People who can accept that they might be wrong are more likely to consider different viewpoints. He is backed up on this by Jeff Bezos. Tech CEO Jason Fried recalls the Amazon founder saying how the people who were right a lot of the time were the people who often changed their minds. So, maybe rather than indecision, it might be intelligence and decisiveness, backed up by our biases that actually stop us making good choices while humility and indecisiveness could help us pick the best option. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation(15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 学校功课太忙，我可没有心情看这个动画片。(mood) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________ 53. 专家认为，飞行员不是此次飞机失事的唯一责任人。（blame） （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 54. 在救援队达到之前，探险家们在这位年轻人的指引下成功脱离了险境。(By the time ...) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 55. 如果我们一味地追求更好的物质生活而不停下脚步欣赏已拥有的生活，那么幸福仍将是遥不可及的。(reach n.) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing(25分) 56. 76 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 如今,随着中华优秀传统文化的复兴,越来越多高中计划开设传统文化相关社团（如汉服社、国画社、古诗词社等）。但有人认为，这类社团会占用学生的学术学习时间，且对大学升学没有直接帮助；也有人认为，加入传统文化社团对学生的个人成长具有重要价值。 请阐述你对“高中是否应鼓励学生参与传统文化社团”这一问题的看法，并提供具体理由和例子支撑你的观点。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $