Unit 5 单元单词表备课 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册

2026-02-20
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语沪教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 36 KB
发布时间 2026-02-20
更新时间 2026-02-20
作者 匿名
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审核时间 2026-02-20
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沪教版8上unit 5英语单词表 教师备课材料 1. exchange 词性:动词 (v.),名词 (n.) 词义:交换,交流;兑换 近义词:swap (v.), trade (v.) 反义词:keep (保留) 词性转换:名词 exchange(可数/不可数);形容词 exchangeable 可交换的 常见搭配:exchange student 交换生;in exchange for 交换;exchange rate 汇率 例句:We exchanged gifts at the party. 我们在聚会上交换了礼物。 练习: 1. He gave me a book in ______ (exchange) for my pen. 2. These tickets are not ______ (exchange) after purchase. 答案与解析: 1. exchange(名词,in exchange for 固定搭配) 2. exchangeable(形容词,可交换的) 2. nervous 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:紧张的,焦虑的 近义词:anxious, worried 反义词:calm, relaxed 词性转换:副词 nervously;名词 nervousness 常见搭配:feel nervous 感到紧张;nervous about 对……感到紧张 例句:She felt nervous before the exam. 考试前她感到紧张。 练习: 1. He waited ______ (nervous) for the result. 2. Her ______ (nervous) was obvious. 答案与解析: 1. nervously(副词修饰waited) 2. nervousness(名词,紧张) 3. grateful 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:感激的,感谢的 近义词:thankful 反义词:ungrateful 忘恩负义的 词性转换:副词 gratefully;名词 gratitude 感激 常见搭配:be grateful to sb. 感激某人;be grateful for sth. 因某事感激 例句:I am grateful for your help. 我感激你的帮助。 练习: 1. He accepted the gift ______ (grateful). 2. She expressed her ______ (grateful) to the teacher. 答案与解析: 1. gratefully(副词) 2. gratitude(名词,感激) 4. chopstick 词性:名词 (n.) 词义:筷子 词性转换:复数 chopsticks 常见搭配:use chopsticks 使用筷子;a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子 例句:Chinese people eat with chopsticks. 中国人用筷子吃饭。 练习: 1. Can you use ______ (chopstick)? 2. I need a pair of ______ (chopstick). 答案与解析: 1. chopsticks(复数) 2. chopsticks(复数,a pair of 后接复数) 5. tour 词性:名词 (n.),动词 (v.) 词义:旅行,旅游;游览 近义词:trip (n.), travel (v.) 词性转换:名词 tourist 游客;形容词 touristy 游客多的 常见搭配:tour guide 导游;on tour 巡回演出/旅行 例句:We took a tour of the city. 我们游览了这座城市。 练习: 1. Many ______ (tour) visit the Great Wall every year. 2. They are ______ (tour) Europe this summer. 答案与解析: 1. tourists(名词复数,游客) 2. touring(现在分词,正在进行) 6. tai chi 词性:名词 (n.) 词义:太极拳 常见搭配:do tai chi 打太极拳;practice tai chi 练习太极拳 例句:My grandfather does tai chi every morning. 我爷爷每天早上打太极拳。 练习: 1. Many old people practice ______ (tai chi) in the park. 2. Tai chi is a traditional Chinese ______ (运动). 答案与解析: 1. tai chi(名词,专有名词) 2. sport(但tai chi本身无词性转换,此题为语义填空) 7. yet 词性:副词 (adv.),连词 (conj.) 词义:还,尚;然而 近义词:still (adv.), but (conj.) 反义词:already (已经) 常见搭配:not yet 还没有;yet 常用于否定句和疑问句句末 例句:I haven't finished my homework yet. 我还没有完成作业。 练习: 1. She hasn't arrived ______ (yet/already). 2. He is young, ______ (yet/but) he is very wise. 答案与解析: 1. yet(否定句用yet) 2. yet(连词,意为“然而”) 8. independent 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:独立的,自主的 近义词:self-reliant 反义词:dependent 依赖的 词性转换:副词 independently;名词 independence 独立 常见搭配:independent of 独立于;be independent 独立 例句:She is very independent for her age. 就她的年龄而言,她很独立。 练习: 1. The country gained its ______ (independent) in 1949. 2. He lives ______ (independent) of his parents. 答案与解析: 1. independence(名词,独立) 2. independently(副词) 9. content 词性:形容词 (adj.),名词 (n.) 词义:满意的,满足的;内容 近义词:satisfied (adj.); substance (n.) 反义词:discontent 不满的 词性转换:名词 contentment 满足;副词 contentedly 常见搭配:be content with 对……满意;main content 主要内容 例句:He is content with his life. 他对自己的生活很满意。 练习: 1. The ______ (content) of the book is interesting. 2. She smiled ______ (content) after the meal. 答案与解析: 1. content(名词,内容) 2. contentedly(副词,满意地) 10. feeling 词性:名词 (n.) 词义:感觉,情感 近义词:emotion, sense 词性转换:动词 feel;形容词 feeling(无变化) 常见搭配:a feeling of 一种……的感觉;hurt one's feelings 伤害某人的感情 例句:I have a good feeling about this. 我对这件事有好的感觉。 练习: 1. She ______ (feel) very happy today. 2. Don't hurt his ______ (feel). 答案与解析: 1. feels(动词第三人称单数) 2. feelings(名词复数,情感) 11. shock 词性:名词 (n.),动词 (v.) 词义:震惊,冲击;使震惊 近义词:surprise (n./v.) 词性转换:形容词 shocking 令人震惊的;形容词 shocked 感到震惊的 常见搭配:in shock 处于震惊中;culture shock 文化冲击 例句:The news came as a shock to us. 这个消息让我们很震惊。 练习: 1. The movie had a ______ (shock) ending. 2. She was ______ (shock) by the news. 答案与解析: 1. shocking(形容词,令人震惊的) 2. shocked(形容词,感到震惊的) 12. foreign 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:外国的,外来的 近义词:overseas 反义词:domestic, native 词性转换:名词 foreigner 外国人;副词 foreignly(罕见) 常见搭配:foreign language 外语;foreign country 外国 例句:He can speak two foreign languages. 他会说两门外语。 练习: 1. Many ______ (foreign) visit China every year. 2. Learning a ______ (foreign) language is useful. 答案与解析: 1. foreigners(名词复数) 2. foreign(形容词) 13. confused 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:困惑的,混乱的 近义词:puzzled 反义词:clear, certain 词性转换:动词 confuse;形容词 confusing 令人困惑的;名词 confusion 常见搭配:be confused about 对……感到困惑 例句:I am confused about the instructions. 我对这些说明感到困惑。 练习: 1. The ______ (confuse) look on his face showed he didn't understand. 2. The instructions were so ______ (confuse) that I gave up. 答案与解析: 1. confused(形容词,困惑的,修饰look) 2. confusing(形容词,令人困惑的) 14. anxious 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:焦虑的,渴望的 近义词:worried, eager 反义词:calm, relaxed 词性转换:副词 anxiously;名词 anxiety 焦虑 常见搭配:be anxious about 为……担忧;be anxious to do 渴望做 例句:Parents are anxious about their children's safety. 父母担心孩子的安全。 练习: 1. He waited ______ (anxious) for the phone call. 2. Her ______ (anxious) was growing. 答案与解析: 1. anxiously(副词) 2. anxiety(名词,焦虑) 15. phase 词性:名词 (n.),动词 (v.) 词义:阶段,时期;分阶段进行 近义词:stage (n.) 词性转换:形容词 phasal 阶段的 常见搭配:first phase 第一阶段;phase in 逐步引入;phase out 逐步淘汰 例句:The project is in its final phase. 项目处于最后阶段。 练习: 1. The new system will be ______ (phase) in gradually. 2. The first ______ (phase) of the plan is complete. 答案与解析: 1. phased(动词过去分词,被动语态) 2. phase(名词) 16. honeymoon 词性:名词 (n.) 词义:蜜月;蜜月期 词性转换:名词 honeymooner 度蜜月的人 常见搭配:honeymoon period 蜜月期;on honeymoon 度蜜月 例句:They are on their honeymoon in Paris. 他们在巴黎度蜜月。 练习: 1. The couple are ______ (honeymoon) in Hawaii. 2. Their ______ (honeymoon) lasted two weeks. 答案与解析: 1. honeymooning(现在分词,作动词) 2. honeymoon(名词) 17. unfamiliar 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:不熟悉的,陌生的 近义词:strange, unknown 反义词:familiar 词性转换:副词 unfamiliarly;名词 unfamiliarity 常见搭配:be unfamiliar with 对……不熟悉;unfamiliar to 对……来说是陌生的 例句:I am unfamiliar with this area. 我对这个地区不熟悉。 练习: 1. The name is ______ (familiar) to me.(用反义词) 2. His ______ (unfamiliar) with the customs caused problems. 答案与解析: 1. unfamiliar(反义词,不熟悉的) 2. unfamiliarity(名词,不熟悉) 18. homesick 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:想家的 近义词:nostalgic 词性转换:名词 homesickness 常见搭配:feel homesick 感到想家 例句:She felt homesick when she first went abroad. 她第一次出国时感到想家。 练习: 1. He suffered from ______ (homesick) during his first month at college. 2. The ______ (homesick) child cried for his mother. 答案与解析: 1. homesickness(名词) 2. homesick(形容词) 19. lonely 词性:形容词 (adj.) 词义:孤独的,寂寞的 近义词:alone, isolated 反义词:accompanied(有人陪伴的) 词性转换:名词 loneliness 注意:alone 表示“独自的”,lonely 表示“孤独的”,情感色彩不同 常见搭配:feel lonely 感到孤独 例句:He lives alone but doesn't feel lonely. 他独自生活但不感到孤独。 练习: 1. The old man lives a ______ (lonely) life. 2. His ______ (lonely) made him sad. 答案与解析: 1. lonely(形容词) 2. loneliness(名词) 20. deal 词性:动词 (v.),名词 (n.) 词义:处理;交易 近义词:handle (v.), trade (n.) 词性转换:过去式 dealt;现在分词 dealing 常见搭配:deal with 处理;a good deal 很多;make a deal 达成交易 例句:How do you deal with stress? 你如何应对压力? 练习: 1. He ______ (deal) with the problem quickly. 2. They made a ______ (deal) to share the profits. 答案与解析: 1. dealt(过去式) 2. deal(名词,交易) 21. expect 词性:动词 (v.) 词义:期待,预料 近义词:anticipate, look forward to 词性转换:名词 expectation;形容词 expectant 期待的 常见搭配:expect to do 期待做;expect sb. to do 期待某人做 例句:I expect to finish the work by Friday. 我预计周五前完成工作。 练习: 1. The results were beyond our ______ (expect). 2. She is ______ (expect) a baby in June. 答案与解析: 1. expectations(名词复数) 2. expecting(现在进行时,怀孕) 22. situation 词性:名词 (n.) 词义:情况,形势,处境 近义词:condition, circumstance 常见搭配:in a difficult situation 处境困难;current situation 当前形势 例句:He is in a difficult situation. 他处境困难。 练习: 1. The economic ______ (situate) is improving. 2. We need to analyze the ______ (situation) carefully. 答案与解析: 1. situation(名词,situate是动词,此处用名词) 2. situation(名词) 23. accept 词性:动词 (v.) 词义:接受,承认 近义词:receive 反义词:refuse, reject 词性转换:名词 acceptance;形容词 acceptable 可接受的 常见搭配:accept an invitation 接受邀请;accept the truth 接受事实 例句:She accepted the job offer. 她接受了工作邀请。 练习: 1. His speech gained wide ______ (accept). 2. The proposal is ______ (accept) to everyone. 答案与解析: 1. acceptance(名词) 2. acceptable(形容词) 24. adaptation 词性:名词 (n.) 词义:适应;改编 近义词:adjustment 词性转换:动词 adapt;形容词 adaptable 适应性强的 常见搭配:adaptation to 对……的适应;film adaptation 电影改编 例句:Adaptation to a new culture takes time. 适应新文化需要时间。 练习: 1. Animals have to ______ (adaptation) to their environment. 2. He is ______ (adapt) and can work anywhere. 答案与解析: 1. adapt(动词) 2. adaptable(形容词) 25. Beijing opera 词性:名词短语 词义:京剧 近义词:Peking opera 词性转换:opera 本身是名词 常见搭配:watch Beijing opera 看京剧;perform Beijing opera 表演京剧 例句:Beijing opera is a traditional Chinese art. 京剧是中国的传统艺术。 练习: 1. Many foreigners are interested in ______ (Beijing) opera. 2. The ______ (opera) singer has a beautiful voice. 答案与解析: 1. Beijing(专有名词) 2. opera(名词,歌剧) 26. host family 词性:名词短语 词义:寄宿家庭 词性转换:host 名词,family 名词 常见搭配:live with a host family 住在寄宿家庭 例句:She stayed with a host family in London. 她在伦敦住在一个寄宿家庭。 练习: 1. The ______ (host) family was very kind to me. 2. He is living with a ______ (host) family. 答案与解析: 1. host(名词作定语) 2. host(名词作定语) 27. snake its way 词性:动词短语 词义:蜿蜒而行 近义词:wind, twist 反义词:straight 词性转换:snake 本身是名词,此处作动词 常见搭配:the road snakes its way 道路蜿蜒 例句:The river snakes its way through the valley. 河流蜿蜒穿过山谷。 练习: 1. The path ______ (snake) its way up the mountain. 2. The snake ______ (它) way through the grass. 答案与解析: 1. snakes(第三人称单数) 2. its(形容词性物主代词) 28. culture shock 词性:名词短语 词义:文化冲击 词性转换:culture 名词,shock 名词 常见搭配:experience culture shock 经历文化冲击 例句:Many foreigners experience culture shock in China. 许多外国人在中国经历文化冲击。 练习: 1. Moving to a new country can cause ______ (culture) shock. 2. The news came as a ______ (shock) to everyone. 答案与解析: 1. culture(名词作定语) 2. shock(名词) 29. deal with 词性:动词短语 词义:处理,应对 近义词:handle, cope with 反义词:ignore 词性转换:deal 动词 常见搭配:deal with problems 处理问题 例句:How do you deal with stress? 你如何应对压力? 练习: 1. He is good at ______ (deal) with children. 2. This is a difficult situation to ______ (deal) with. 答案与解析: 1. dealing(介词at后接动名词) 2. deal(动词不定式) 30. feel at home 词性:动词短语 词义:感到自在,宾至如归 近义词:be comfortable 反义词:feel uncomfortable 词性转换:feel 动词,home 名词 常见搭配:make sb. feel at home 让某人感到自在 例句:The friendly host made us feel at home. 友好的主人让我们感到宾至如归。 练习: 1. I soon began to feel ______ (at) home in my new school. 2. The warm welcome made me feel ______ home. 答案与解析: 1. at(固定搭配) 2. at(固定搭配) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 5 单元单词表备课 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册
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Unit 5 单元单词表备课 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册
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Unit 5 单元单词表备课 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册
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