精品解析：江西南昌市青山湖区江西科技学院附属中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试高二年级英语试题

江科附中2025—2026学年第一学期期末考试 高二年级英语试卷 卷面分数：150分；考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题15分，满分75分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音放两遍。 1. What will Lisa do tomorrow afternoon? A. Help with the school open day. B. Take her cousin to the airport. C. Pick her cousin up at the airport. 2. What is the woman looking for? A. A quiet place to work. B. An inquiry desk for help. C. A leaflet for information. 3. What does the woman decide to do? A. See a doctor. B. Drink more water. C. Choose low-sugar juice. 4. Which class is Jake taking now? A. The cookery class. B. The photography class. C. The car mechanics class. 5. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Employer and employee. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A failed contract. B. A troublesome client. C. A financial problem. 7. How does the woman feel now? A. Annoyed B. Disappointed. C. Relieved. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Why did the girl tum around in chemistry class? A. To ask her teacher for help. B. To respond to her classmate. C. To observe the experiment clearly. 9. What happened during the experiment? A. A fire suddenly broke out. B. The test tubes were knocked over. C. Some smoke came out due to a mistake. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What will Thomas mainly discuss on the show? A. How to upcycle unwanted items. B. How to find recyclable materials. C. How to conduct everyday recycling. 11. What does Thomas say about upcycling? A. It needs specific materials. B. It has become a recent trend. C. It requires complex techniques. 12 What will be shown next? A. A sponsor’s talk. B. Some upcycling activities. C. A few advertisements. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What problem does the family face? A. The family lacks enough space. B. They have a tight housing budget. C. They have no place to work from home. 14. Why does the woman hesitate about moving? A. She would lose her personal space. B. She worries about travel time to work. C. She dislikes unfamiliar neighborhoods. 15. What does the man say about nearby schools? A. They have big class sizes. B. They are close to public transport. C. They offer better learning conditions. 16 What do the couple decide to do next? A. Visit potential new homes. B. Talk to the children first. C. Contact a moving company. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. Why is a new entry system introduced? A. To save labor. B. To speed up entry. C. To collect personal data. 18. Which space is suitable for people who want a calm workout? A. The large hall near the entrance. B. The rest areas with free internet. C. The stretching room on the second floor. 19. What are the guided fitness sessions mainly for? A. Helping build basic fitness skills. B. Training members for competitions. C. Coaching beginners on advanced moves. 20. What is the purpose of the speaker’s talk? A. To introduce some new services. B. To advertise paid fitness programs. C. To hire more experienced coaches. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A How to apply for permanent residence If you plan to settle in Shanghai, you can apply for permanent residence through the local exit-entry department, granted that you meet specific requirements. Please review the following list to determine the category that best applies to you. Working Staff Senior/Professional Staff Core Members of Research Teams Couples Reunion Parent-Children Reunion Foreign Investors Overseas Chinese Working in national key development zones, Double Innovation Areas Expats Holding Residence Permits for Work (Marked High Qualified Person) Benefits of becoming a permanent resident Except for certain political rights and duties restricted by legal regulations, you will enjoy the same rights and responsibilities as Chinese citizens after getting permanent residence. Click to view the benefits of holding a Foreigner's Permanent Residence Permit in China. How to apply You can make an appointment for your application through the “Suishenban” app (随申办) . Log in to the Suishenban app, shift to the “International” version on the homepage. Then choose the “Visa / stay permit / residence permit” section, and locate the “Appointment for Foreigner’s Permanent Residence Application”. Foreign Permanent Resident ID Card holders can also apply for renewal if the card expires (到期), is altered, damaged, or lost.  Scan the QR code to download the Suishenban app. Where to apply Immigration Service Center of Exit-Entry Administration Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau (No 8-9, Lane 36, Xuelin Road, Pudong New Area) Open: 9 am–11:30 am; 1:30 pm–5 pm, Monday to Friday (except holidays and festivals). Contact: 021-2895-1900 Exit-entry administration offices of each branch of the Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau Read the list of Branch Offices Information for detailed address and business hours.  Sources: Government Online-Offline Shanghai, Online Platform for Government Affairs of Exit-Entry Administration Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, National Immigration Administration 1. Among the people below, who will find this passage useful? A. A college student from Sichuan hoping to live in Shanghai. B. A British IT expert planning to settle in Shanghai. C. A New Zealand investor visiting Shanghai for ten days. D. A student in Shanghai applying to a German University. 2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct? A. Permanent residents enjoy the same rights as Chinese citizens. B. Permanent resident ID cards are renewed automatically if lost. C. More than one administration office is available to applicants. D. The application centers are open on weekends for convenience. 3. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A travel guidebook. B. An academic journal. C. A personal blog. D. A government website. B A few weeks ago, I called an Uber to take me to the Boston airport for a flight home for the holidays. As I slid into the back seat of the car, the warm intonations (语调) of the driver’s accent washed over me in a familiar way. I learned that he was a recent West African immigrant with a few young children, working hard to provide for his family. I could relate: I am the daughter of two Ethiopian immigrants who made their share of sacrifices to ensure my success. I told him I was on a college break and headed home to visit my parents. That’s how he found out I go to Harvard. An approving eye glinted at me in the rearview window (后视窗), and quickly, we crossed the boundaries of rider and driver. I became his daughter, all grown up — the product of his sacrifice. And then came the fateful question: “What do you study?” I answered “history and literature” and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn’t even get to add “and African-American studies” before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment, “All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history?” Here I was, his daughter, squandering the biggest opportunity of her life. He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same. I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I’m grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I’ve promised myself I won’t huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won’t defensively respond with “but I plan to go to law school” when I get unrequested advice. I’ll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion. 4. What disappointed the driver? A. The sacrifice of the author’s parents. B. The author’s casual attitude towards study. C. The author’s choice of major at college. D. The author’s poor academic performance at Harvard. 5. Which word can replace the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 4? A. missing. B. replacing. C. valuing. D. wasting. 6. Why are immigrant kids expected to become doctors or lawyers according to the passage? A. To gain higher social respect and recognition. B. To fulfill the unachieved dreams of their parents. C. To gain easier access to top universities like Harvard. D. To secure financial success and family advancement. 7. What is the author’s attitude towards the driver’s questioning? A. Critical. B. Doubtful. C. Tolerant. D. Supportive. C What if you could meet most of your daily needs-shopping, work, education, healthcare-within a 15-minute walk or bike ride from your home? This is the exciting vision of the “15-minute city”, an urban planning concept that gained global attention years ago. However, putting it into practice has sparked unexpected and fierce opposition. The concept was popularized by Mayor Anne Hidalgo of Paris and based on the research of French scholar Carlos Moreno. It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking. Advocates argue that this model addresses multiple crises all at the same time: climate change, social isolation, and public health. Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept. The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break. The situation mirrors past urban conflicts. For instance, many people opposed creating walking-only streets in city centers decades ago, but now, such areas are mostly loved and valued. The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future. 8. What can we learn about “chronic-urbanism” in paragraph 2? A. It gives more space to people. B. It aims to expand road networks. C. It focuses on car development. D. It was created by Carlos Moreno. 9. What do the opponents think of the 15-minute city? A. Traffic-slowing. B. Money-wasting. C. Freedom-limiting. D. Tech-demanding. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The challenge of a less car-centered life. B. The significance of private cars. C. The public’s reactions to a new policy. D. The definition of car dependency. 11. What does the experts’ conclusion imply in the last paragraph? A. Public opinions are too hard to change. B. Sustainable transition is the top priority. C. Communication matters as much as design. D. Planning should send an innovative message. D Why do you vividly remember your first day of school or a scary movie, but forget what you had for lunch last Tuesday? A new study suggests the answer involves surprising cells in your brain called astrocytes (星形胶质细胞). Previously, scientists thought these star-shaped cells just provided support to neurons (神经元), the brain’s main nerve cells that create memories. However, research published in Nature shows astrocytes play a much more active role. They help lock in emotional memories for the long term and could be a new target for treating memory disorders like PTSD and Alzheimer’s disease. To test this, researchers studied mice learning to fear a specific cage where they received a mild, unpleasant shock. They tracked a gene called Fos, which acts as a marker of cell activity when a memory is formed. The surprise came when the mice returned to the cage days later. While recalling the fearful memory, their astrocytes became highly active in brain regions like the amygdala, the emotion center. This activity was much stronger during the memory recall than during the initial scary event. The researchers found that after an emotional experience, astrocytes produce special “receptors” on their surface. These receptors act like tags, marking the cells as part of an important memory network. This process takes hours or days, which is exactly how long it takes for a memory to become stable. “This is revolutionary for neuroscience,” said Maite Solas Zubiaurre, a neuroscientist at the University of Navarra in Spain, who was not involved in the study. The long-standing belief was that only neurons stored memories. This discovery “will bring about new methods of treating some memory problems”, potentially by targeting astrocytes to improve memory in health and disease. 12. What’s the main function of astrocytes according to the study? A. Stabilizing memory. B. Creating emotions. C. Stirring up fears. D. Building connection. 13. Why did researchers track the Fos gene? A. It controls how long memories last. B. It marks active cells during memory formation. C. It produces proteins for brain neurons. D. It directly stores emotional memories. 14. What is the key significance of this study on astrocytes? A. It proves that emotional memories can be completely erased. B. It shows that neurons are not involved in memory formation. C. It demonstrates that astrocytes can create memories without neurons. D. It reveals a new approach for developing memory-related treatments. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Brain’s “Helper” Cells Are Key to Strong Memories. B. Memory Role of Neurons Rewrites Neuroscience. C. Astrocytes Create Emotional Memories in the Brain. D. Fos a New Gene Is Discovered for PTSD Patients. 第二节（12.5分） 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The holiday season brings joy, feast, and stress that can upset your digestion. It’s a common misunderstanding that stomach health is determined entirely by food. ____16____. This guide offers practical tips to keep your digestive system comfortable. ____17____ Think of holiday eating as a celebration, not a source of guilt. It’s perfectly fine to choose the foods you love. What matters is how you balance them: accompany richer dishes and sweets with plenty of colorful vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Sample small portions of various foods rather than overindulging in one, and be cautious with sugary, highly processed treats which are easy to overeat and can trigger issues. Slow down and be mindful. Eat bite by bite and pay attention to your body’s fullness signals. Stop when you feel satisfied, not stuffed. This simple practice helps prevent the uncomfortable over-fullness that often follows holiday feasts. ____18____ Aid digestion after meals. A post-meal walk is highly beneficial. It kicks off digestion, helps clear gas, and regulates blood sugar — even a short stroll helps. ____19____ It can make a significant difference in how you feel after a large meal. Manage stress for your stomach. Holiday stress directly impacts your stomach. ____20____ Protect the basics: sleep, movement, nutrition, and relaxation. Practices like diaphragmatic breathing (腹式呼吸) can also improve stomach function and ease stress. Ultimately, a happy stomach this season is about making kinder, more aware choices for your body. By implementing these mindful strategies, you can support your digestive well-being without missing out on the festive joy. A. Choose healthy foods at your will. B. Enjoy the festive foods wisely. C. Therefore, managing your stress can’t be overstated. D. Doing so turns eating into a more enjoyable experience. E. Unlike intense exercise, this gentle activity is suitable for almost everyone. F. Eat each bite slowly to appreciate the flavors of your favorite foods, though. G. However, maintaining stomach health requires attention to multiple factors. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，满分15分） Among the chaos of Hurricane Francine, a dramatic rescue unfolded on live television. On the evening of Wednesday, September 11, Miles Crawford, an off-duty emergency nurse in Lakeview, Louisiana, ____21____ when he learned someone was ____22____ in a sinking pickup truck in floodwaters just 200 feet from his home. At around 8:45 pm, Crawford received an ____23____ text from his brother, saying that a news crew accidentally caught a(n) ____24____ scene. A vehicle dived into a nearby canal with the driver stuck in it. Without hesitation, Crawford ran to the ____25____. As Crawford approached the sinking truck, a police officer told him about the ____26____ conditions. Despite the warning, Crawford quickly took ____27____ into his own hands. At the sudden realization of the ____28____ of a tool to break the window, he dashed back to his house to grab a hammer. When he ____29____ the chest-high floodwaters and reached the vehicle, the water had ____30____ the driver’s chin, and time was running out. Crawford ____31____ the man to move to the back of the truck, where the water was ____32____ shallower, and broke the back window with his hammer. He pulled the man out, guided him through the floodwaters, and helped him climb over to ____33____. Just 10 minutes later, the truck ____34____ fully into the water. Crawford said his background as an emergency nurse helped him stay ____35____ throughout the rescue. “I’m used to high stress and high level of things on a daily basis” he said. 21. A. took control of B. drew a conclusion C. sprang into action D. rose to his feet 22. A. recognized B. caught C. filled D. abandoned 23. A. unexpected B. unbelievable C. unavoidable D. unacceptable 24. A. eye-catching B. fun-filled C. painstaking D. heartbreaking 25. A. emergency B. scene C. power D. theatre 26. A. unique B. stable C. dangerous D. secure 27. A. claims B. contributions C. choices D. matters 28. A. delivery B. need C. control D. loss 29. A. dived into B. checked out C. looked into D. worked out 30. A. attacked B. washed C. reached D. damaged 31. A. appointed B. promised C. threatened D. instructed 32. A. slightly B. typically C. dramatically D. previously 33. A. comfort B. square C. safety D. distance 34. A. bumped B. collapsed C. sank D. exploded 35. A. calm B. fair C. smart D. different 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to disinformation, “social media took the cost of distribution to zero, and generative AI takes the cost of generation to zero,” says Renee DiResta of the Stanford Internet Observatory. Large language models such as GPT-4 make ___36___ easy to produce misleading news articles or social-media posts in huge quantities. Last year, however, researchers at Microsoft disclosed VALL-E, ___37___ AI model that is able to clone a ___38___ (person) voice from just a three-second clip of them speaking, and make it say any given text. OpenAl, the American company behind GPT-4, ___39___ (develop) a similar tool so far, Voice Engine, ___40___ can surprisingly clone any voice from a 15-second clip. Similarly, Sora, can produce ___41___ (convince) realistic synthetic (合成的) videos, in response to text prompts, of up to a minute in ___42___ (long). It may even be possible to“microtarget” individuals with disinformation, ___43___ (base) on knowledge of their preferences, biases (偏见) and concerns. ___44___ all of this is worrying, it is worth ____45____ (remember) that not all aspects of the technology are negative. Al can be used for fighting disinformation as well as producing it. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，现在已是寒假期间，你出门旅游，旅途中你给你的英国笔友Chris发一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 你所在的景点；2. 你的旅游经历和感受； 3. 你的下一个目的地。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was born into a very close family. It was just my parents and me. Over the years I’ve noticed how well my parents manage to look after their health and how healthy they are. I had never bothered to follow their example or been that curious about the secret of their good health. I never realized what a great resource they could be. I would look at them both, so slim, strong and healthy — much more so than me — and think, how will I ever get to be like them? I’m constantly impressed by their toughness. They have never taken any sick days from work, unless they really need to. They don’t need to visit the doctor much. Their habits are deep-rooted and it works for them. Part of their success is how efficiently they control what they eat. Their diet is extremely healthy and they stick to it. For breakfast, it’s porridge; lunch is salad or a wholemeal sandwich with butter, garlic, raw onion and black pepper. Dinner is boiled vegetables, or beans. Both of them grew up eating fresh, unprocessed food. My dad is a bus driver, and my mum works part-time as a sales assistant. My dad started skipping at the age of six. He’s now a mini celebrity and admired by people worldwide with thousands of followers on social media. And my mum has won fitness competitions at the gym. In this respect, I was the complete opposite. I hated fitness and was lazy and unfit. Last week I had a health scare; I found a lump (肿块) on my neck. After an examination, it turned out to be fatty tissue, which isn’t harmful but unless I lose weight, or I have surgery, it could get worse. My parents said to me: don’t get surgery, let us train you and you’ll feel much better. I wanted to take the easy option and have it removed. But I also thought, maybe this was an eye-opener and a wake-up call for me to start getting fit. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 We worked out an exercise plan that suited all three of us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now I can feel the benefits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江科附中2025—2026学年第一学期期末考试 高二年级英语试卷 卷面分数：150分；考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题15分，满分75分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音放两遍。 1. What will Lisa do tomorrow afternoon? A Help with the school open day. B. Take her cousin to the airport. C Pick her cousin up at the airport. 2. What is the woman looking for? A. A quiet place to work. B. An inquiry desk for help. C. A leaflet for information. 3. What does the woman decide to do? A. See a doctor. B. Drink more water. C. Choose low-sugar juice. 4. Which class is Jake taking now? A. The cookery class. B. The photography class. C. The car mechanics class. 5. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Employer and employee. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A failed contract. B. A troublesome client. C. A financial problem. 7. How does the woman feel now? A. Annoyed B. Disappointed. C. Relieved. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Why did the girl tum around in chemistry class? A. To ask her teacher for help. B. To respond to her classmate. C. To observe the experiment clearly. 9. What happened during the experiment? A. A fire suddenly broke out. B. The test tubes were knocked over. C. Some smoke came out due to a mistake. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What will Thomas mainly discuss on the show? A. How to upcycle unwanted items. B. How to find recyclable materials. C. How to conduct everyday recycling. 11. What does Thomas say about upcycling? A. It needs specific materials. B. It has become a recent trend. C. It requires complex techniques. 12. What will be shown next? A. A sponsor’s talk. B. Some upcycling activities. C. A few advertisements. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What problem does the family face? A. The family lacks enough space. B. They have a tight housing budget. C. They have no place to work from home. 14. Why does the woman hesitate about moving? A. She would lose her personal space. B. She worries about travel time to work. C. She dislikes unfamiliar neighborhoods. 15. What does the man say about nearby schools? A. They have big class sizes. B. They are close to public transport. C. They offer better learning conditions. 16. What do the couple decide to do next? A. Visit potential new homes. B. Talk to the children first. C. Contact a moving company. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. Why is a new entry system introduced? A. To save labor. B. To speed up entry. C. To collect personal data. 18. Which space is suitable for people who want a calm workout? A. The large hall near the entrance. B. The rest areas with free internet. C. The stretching room on the second floor. 19. What are the guided fitness sessions mainly for? A. Helping build basic fitness skills. B. Training members for competitions. C. Coaching beginners on advanced moves. 20. What is the purpose of the speaker’s talk? A. To introduce some new services. B. To advertise paid fitness programs. C. To hire more experienced coaches. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A How to apply for permanent residence If you plan to settle in Shanghai, you can apply for permanent residence through the local exit-entry department, granted that you meet specific requirements. Please review the following list to determine the category that best applies to you. Working Staff Senior/Professional Staff Core Members of Research Teams Couples Reunion Parent-Children Reunion Foreign Investors Overseas Chinese Working in national key development zones, Double Innovation Areas Expats Holding Residence Permits for Work (Marked High Qualified Person) Benefits of becoming a permanent resident Except for certain political rights and duties restricted by legal regulations, you will enjoy the same rights and responsibilities as Chinese citizens after getting permanent residence. Click to view the benefits of holding a Foreigner's Permanent Residence Permit in China. How to apply You can make an appointment for your application through the “Suishenban” app (随申办) . Log in to the Suishenban app, shift to the “International” version on the homepage. Then choose the “Visa / stay permit / residence permit” section, and locate the “Appointment for Foreigner’s Permanent Residence Application”. Foreign Permanent Resident ID Card holders can also apply for renewal if the card expires (到期), is altered, damaged, or lost.  Scan the QR code to download the Suishenban app. Where to apply Immigration Service Center of Exit-Entry Administration Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau (No 8-9, Lane 36, Xuelin Road, Pudong New Area) Open: 9 am–11:30 am; 1:30 pm–5 pm, Monday to Friday (except holidays and festivals). Contact: 021-2895-1900 Exit-entry administration offices of each branch of the Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau Read the list of Branch Offices Information for detailed address and business hours.  Sources: Government Online-Offline Shanghai, Online Platform for Government Affairs of Exit-Entry Administration Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, National Immigration Administration 1. Among the people below, who will find this passage useful? A. A college student from Sichuan hoping to live in Shanghai. B. A British IT expert planning to settle in Shanghai. C. A New Zealand investor visiting Shanghai for ten days. D. A student in Shanghai applying to a German University. 2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct? A. Permanent residents enjoy the same rights as Chinese citizens. B. Permanent resident ID cards are renewed automatically if lost. C. More than one administration office is available to applicants. D. The application centers are open on weekends for convenience. 3. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A travel guidebook. B. An academic journal. C. A personal blog. D. A government website. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明上海永久居留申请的资格及流程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“If you plan to settle in Shanghai, you can apply for permanent residence through the local exit-entry department (如果你计划在上海定居，可以通过当地出入境部门申请永久居留)”可知，文章针对“计划在上海定居的外国人”。选项B“计划在上海定居的英国IT专家”符合条件。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Where to apply部分提到“Immigration Service Center of Exit-Entry Administration Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau (No 8-9, Lane 36, Xuelin Road, Pudong New Area) (上海市公安局出入境管理局出入境服务中心（浦东新区学林路36弄8-9号）)”和“Exit-entry administration offices of each branch of the Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau (上海市公安局各分局出入境管理办公室)”可知，申请人有多个办理地点。选项C“申请人可选择多个管理办公室”正确。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后的“Sources: Government Online-Offline Shanghai, Online Platform for Government Affairs of Exit-Entry Administration Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, National Immigration Administration (资料来源：上海政务在线、上海市公安局出入境管理局政务网上平台、国家移民管理局)”可知，文章来自政府网站。故选D项。 B A few weeks ago, I called an Uber to take me to the Boston airport for a flight home for the holidays. As I slid into the back seat of the car, the warm intonations (语调) of the driver’s accent washed over me in a familiar way. I learned that he was a recent West African immigrant with a few young children, working hard to provide for his family. I could relate: I am the daughter of two Ethiopian immigrants who made their share of sacrifices to ensure my success. I told him I was on a college break and headed home to visit my parents. That’s how he found out I go to Harvard. An approving eye glinted at me in the rearview window (后视窗), and quickly, we crossed the boundaries of rider and driver. I became his daughter, all grown up — the product of his sacrifice. And then came the fateful question: “What do you study?” I answered “history and literature” and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn’t even get to add “and African-American studies” before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment, “All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history?” Here I was, his daughter, squandering the biggest opportunity of her life. He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same. I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I’m grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I’ve promised myself I won’t huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won’t defensively respond with “but I plan to go to law school” when I get unrequested advice. I’ll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion. 4. What disappointed the driver? A. The sacrifice of the author’s parents. B. The author’s casual attitude towards study. C. The author’s choice of major at college. D. The author’s poor academic performance at Harvard. 5. Which word can replace the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 4? A. missing. B. replacing. C. valuing. D. wasting. 6. Why are immigrant kids expected to become doctors or lawyers according to the passage? A. To gain higher social respect and recognition. B. To fulfill the unachieved dreams of their parents. C. To gain easier access to top universities like Harvard. D. To secure financial success and family advancement. 7. What is the author’s attitude towards the driver’s questioning? A. Critical. B. Doubtful. C. Tolerant. D. Supportive. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者乘坐优步去机场时，与西非移民司机交谈，司机得知作者在哈佛学历史后感到失望，认为移民子女应成为医生或律师，作者如今对此类询问持宽容态度。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I answered ‘history and literature’ and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn’t even get to add ‘and African-American studies’ before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment, ‘All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history?’(我回答“历史和文学”，他声音中的骄傲消失了，正如我所料。我还没来得及补充“和非裔美国人研究”，他就打断了我，声音里充满了失望，“费了那么大劲进哈佛，你就学历史？”)”可知，司机失望的是作者在大学选择的专业。故选C。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Here I was, his daughter, squandering the biggest opportunity of her life. He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home.(我在这里，他的女儿，……了她一生中最大的机会。他接着开始了一场老生常谈的说教，所有移民家庭的孩子都熟悉这一套。我们要成为医生(或者律师，如果我们的父母慷慨的话)——赚钱然后寄钱回家。)”可知，司机认为移民的孩子要成为医生(或者律师，如果我们的父母慷慨的话)——赚钱然后寄钱回家，而作者在哈佛学历史这是浪费了最大的机会，所以“squandering”意思是“浪费”。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same. (我们要成为医生(或者律师，如果我们的父母慷慨的话)——赚钱然后寄钱回家。我的优步司机清楚地阐述了这一代代相传的未说出口的要求：在向上流动的故事中扮演好你的角色，这样你的孩子也可以这样做。)”可知，移民的孩子被期望成为医生或律师是为了确保经济上的成功和家庭的进步。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I’m grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I’ve promised myself I won’t huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won’t defensively respond with ‘but I plan to go to law school’ when I get unrequested advice. I’ll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion. (过去，面对那些询问，我常常感到焦虑，觉得自己被逼入了绝境。但如今，作为一名大三的大学生，我无比感激他们给予的支持。在这个节日期间，我向自己承诺，不会再对他们的询问不耐烦或生气。当我收到他们主动给出的建议时，我不会再充满防备地回应说“但我打算去读法学院”。我会微笑着点头，享受这个时刻的温馨。)”可知，作者对司机的提问不会不耐烦或者生气而是微笑面对即持有宽容的态度。故选C。 C What if you could meet most of your daily needs-shopping, work, education, healthcare-within a 15-minute walk or bike ride from your home? This is the exciting vision of the “15-minute city”, an urban planning concept that gained global attention years ago. However, putting it into practice has sparked unexpected and fierce opposition. The concept was popularized by Mayor Anne Hidalgo of Paris and based on the research of French scholar Carlos Moreno. It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking. Advocates argue that this model addresses multiple crises all at the same time: climate change, social isolation, and public health. Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept. The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break. The situation mirrors past urban conflicts. For instance, many people opposed creating walking-only streets in city centers decades ago, but now, such areas are mostly loved and valued. The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future. 8. What can we learn about “chronic-urbanism” in paragraph 2? A. It gives more space to people. B. It aims to expand road networks. C. It focuses on car development. D. It was created by Carlos Moreno. 9. What do the opponents think of the 15-minute city? A. Traffic-slowing. B. Money-wasting. C. Freedom-limiting. D. Tech-demanding. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The challenge of a less car-centered life. B. The significance of private cars. C. The public’s reactions to a new policy. D. The definition of car dependency. 11. What does the experts’ conclusion imply in the last paragraph? A. Public opinions are too hard to change. B. Sustainable transition is the top priority. C. Communication matters as much as design. D. Planning should send an innovative message. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。“15分钟城市”理念旨在让日常需求步行或骑行可达、还空间于人，兼具多重益处，但遭不实反对，核心阻力是汽车依赖，其推行需兼顾设计与有效传递可持续人文城市愿景。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking.(它主张从主要以汽车为中心的城市规划转向以“慢性城市主义”为核心的规划模式。其目标是将城市空间还给市民，增加更多的公园和步行街道)”可知，“慢性城市主义”为人们提供了更多的空间。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept.(尽管该计划有明显的好处，但反对者在网上歪曲了这一想法，将其描述为政府控制民众自由行动的秘密计划。尽管这些说法毫无根据，但它们却获得了支持，影响了公众舆论，使得像牛津和墨尔本这样的城市难以推行这一理念)”可知，反对者们认为“15 分钟城市”限制了自由。故选C。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break.(然而，真正的问题远不止是信息传播不准确这么简单。它揭示了城市创新中一个根本性的难题：难以想象一种不再过度依赖私家车的生活方式。数十年来，汽车一直象征着个人自由和地位。任何看似减少汽车使用量的政策，即便其目的是提升整体生活质量，也会让人们产生情绪上的不适。这反映了交通专家所说的“对汽车的依赖”，这是一种根深蒂固的文化习惯，很难改变)”可知，本段主要讲了一种少依赖汽车的生活方式所带来的挑战。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future.(最近一项关于可持续转型的研究专家得出结论：这场关于打造“15分钟城市”的竞争不仅关乎规划，还关乎宣传策略。成功的关键不仅在于巧妙的设计，还在于有效地传达其对于更可持续、更人性化城市未来的愿景)”可知，最后一段专家们的结论意味着交流与设计同样重要。故选C。 D Why do you vividly remember your first day of school or a scary movie, but forget what you had for lunch last Tuesday? A new study suggests the answer involves surprising cells in your brain called astrocytes (星形胶质细胞). Previously, scientists thought these star-shaped cells just provided support to neurons (神经元), the brain’s main nerve cells that create memories. However, research published in Nature shows astrocytes play a much more active role. They help lock in emotional memories for the long term and could be a new target for treating memory disorders like PTSD and Alzheimer’s disease. To test this, researchers studied mice learning to fear a specific cage where they received a mild, unpleasant shock. They tracked a gene called Fos, which acts as a marker of cell activity when a memory is formed. The surprise came when the mice returned to the cage days later. While recalling the fearful memory, their astrocytes became highly active in brain regions like the amygdala, the emotion center. This activity was much stronger during the memory recall than during the initial scary event. The researchers found that after an emotional experience, astrocytes produce special “receptors” on their surface. These receptors act like tags, marking the cells as part of an important memory network. This process takes hours or days, which is exactly how long it takes for a memory to become stable. “This is revolutionary for neuroscience,” said Maite Solas Zubiaurre, a neuroscientist at the University of Navarra in Spain, who was not involved in the study. The long-standing belief was that only neurons stored memories. This discovery “will bring about new methods of treating some memory problems”, potentially by targeting astrocytes to improve memory in health and disease. 12. What’s the main function of astrocytes according to the study? A. Stabilizing memory. B. Creating emotions. C. Stirring up fears. D. Building connection. 13. Why did researchers track the Fos gene? A. It controls how long memories last. B. It marks active cells during memory formation. C. It produces proteins for brain neurons. D. It directly stores emotional memories. 14. What is the key significance of this study on astrocytes? A. It proves that emotional memories can be completely erased. B. It shows that neurons are not involved in memory formation. C. It demonstrates that astrocytes can create memories without neurons. D. It reveals a new approach for developing memory-related treatments. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Brain’s “Helper” Cells Are Key to Strong Memories. B. Memory Role of Neurons Rewrites Neuroscience. C. Astrocytes Create Emotional Memories in the Brain. D. Fos a New Gene Is Discovered for PTSD Patients. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了（研究发现星形胶质细胞对稳定记忆起重要作用及潜在治疗意义）。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, research published in Nature shows astrocytes play a much more active role. They help lock in emotional memories for the long term and could be a new target for treating memory disorders like PTSD and Alzheimer’s disease.(然而，发表在《自然》杂志上的研究表明，星形胶质细胞起着更为积极的作用。它们有助于长期锁定情感记忆，并可能成为治疗创伤后应激障碍和阿尔茨海默病等记忆障碍的新靶点。)”可知，星形胶质细胞的主要功能是稳定记忆。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“They tracked a gene called Fos, which acts as a marker of cell activity when a memory is formed.(他们追踪了一种名为Fos的基因，当记忆形成时，这种基因会作为细胞活动的标记。)”可知，研究人员追踪Fos基因是因为它在记忆形成过程中标记活跃的细胞。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The long-standing belief was that only neurons stored memories. This discovery “will bring about new methods of treating some memory problems”, potentially by targeting astrocytes to improve memory in health and disease.(长期以来，人们一直认为只有神经元才能储存记忆。这一发现“将带来治疗一些记忆问题的新方法”，可能是通过靶向星形胶质细胞来改善健康和疾病状态下的记忆。)”可知，这项研究的关键意义在于它揭示了一种开发记忆相关治疗的新方法。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“A new study suggests the answer involves surprising cells in your brain called astrocytes (星形胶质细胞).(一项新的研究表明，答案涉及大脑中一种令人惊讶的细胞——星形胶质细胞。)”以及第二段中“However, research published in Nature shows astrocytes play a much more active role. They help lock in emotional memories for the long term and could be a new target for treating memory disorders like PTSD and Alzheimer’s disease.(然而，发表在《自然》杂志上的研究表明，星形胶质细胞起着更为积极的作用。它们有助于长期锁定情感记忆，并可能成为治疗创伤后应激障碍和阿尔茨海默病等记忆障碍的新靶点。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现星形胶质细胞在稳定记忆方面起着重要作用，并可能成为治疗记忆障碍的新靶点。因此，A选项“Brain’s “Helper” Cells Are Key to Strong Memories.(大脑的“辅助”细胞是强大记忆的关键。)”最符合文章主旨。故选A。 第二节（12.5分） 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The holiday season brings joy, feast, and stress that can upset your digestion. It’s a common misunderstanding that stomach health is determined entirely by food. ____16____. This guide offers practical tips to keep your digestive system comfortable. ____17____ Think of holiday eating as a celebration, not a source of guilt. It’s perfectly fine to choose the foods you love. What matters is how you balance them: accompany richer dishes and sweets with plenty of colorful vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Sample small portions of various foods rather than overindulging in one, and be cautious with sugary, highly processed treats which are easy to overeat and can trigger issues. Slow down and be mindful. Eat bite by bite and pay attention to your body’s fullness signals. Stop when you feel satisfied, not stuffed. This simple practice helps prevent the uncomfortable over-fullness that often follows holiday feasts. ____18____ Aid digestion after meals. A post-meal walk is highly beneficial. It kicks off digestion, helps clear gas, and regulates blood sugar — even a short stroll helps. ____19____ It can make a significant difference in how you feel after a large meal. Manage stress for your stomach. Holiday stress directly impacts your stomach. ____20____ Protect the basics: sleep, movement, nutrition, and relaxation. Practices like diaphragmatic breathing (腹式呼吸) can also improve stomach function and ease stress. Ultimately, a happy stomach this season is about making kinder, more aware choices for your body. By implementing these mindful strategies, you can support your digestive well-being without missing out on the festive joy. A. Choose healthy foods at your will. B. Enjoy the festive foods wisely. C. Therefore, managing your stress can’t be overstated. D. Doing so turns eating into a more enjoyable experience. E. Unlike intense exercise, this gentle activity is suitable for almost everyone. F. Eat each bite slowly to appreciate the flavors of your favorite foods, though. G. However, maintaining stomach health requires attention to multiple factors. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出节日易影响消化，保持肠胃健康需多方面注意。介绍了明智享受美食、细嚼慢咽、饭后散步、管理压力等实用建议，助你兼顾节日欢乐与消化健康。 【16题详解】 上文“It’s a common misunderstanding that stomach health is determined entirely by food.(人们普遍存在一个误解，即胃部健康完全由食物决定。)”说明了人们对于胃部健康存在的一个普遍误解；G选项“However, maintaining stomach health requires attention to multiple factors.(然而，维持胃部健康需要注意多个因素。)”与上文形成转折关系，指出维持胃部健康不仅仅取决于食物，还需要关注其他多个因素，符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 下文“Think of holiday eating as a celebration, not a source of guilt. It’s perfectly fine to choose the foods you love. What matters is how you balance them: accompany richer dishes and sweets with plenty of colorful vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.(把节日饮食看作是一种庆祝，而不是内疚的来源。选择你喜欢的食物是完全可以的。重要的是你如何平衡它们：用大量色彩鲜艳的蔬菜、瘦肉蛋白和全谷物来搭配更丰富的菜肴和甜食。)”说明了如何明智地享受节日食物；B选项“Enjoy the festive foods wisely.(明智地享受节日食物。)”作为小标题，概括了下文的主要内容，即要明智地选择和搭配节日食物，符合题意。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文“Eat bite by bite and pay attention to your body’s fullness signals. Stop when you feel satisfied, not stuffed. This simple practice helps prevent the uncomfortable over-fullness that often follows holiday feasts.(一口一口地吃，注意身体发出的饱腹信号。当你感到满足时就停下来，而不是撑得不行。这个简单的做法有助于防止节日盛宴后常常出现的不舒服的过饱感。)”说明了慢慢吃并注意身体饱腹信号的重要性；D选项“Doing so turns eating into a more enjoyable experience.(这样做会让进食变成一种更愉快的体验。)”与上文相呼应，强调了慢慢吃不仅有助于防止过饱，还能让进食过程更加愉快，符合题意。故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“A post-meal walk is highly beneficial. It kicks off digestion, helps clear gas, and regulates blood sugar — even a short stroll helps.(饭后散步非常有益。它能促进消化，帮助排气，调节血糖 —— 即使是短时间的散步也有帮助。)”说明了饭后散步的好处；E选项“Unlike intense exercise, this gentle activity is suitable for almost everyone.(与剧烈运动不同，这种温和的活动几乎适合每个人。)”与上文相呼应，进一步强调了饭后散步这种温和活动的普遍适用性，符合题意。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“Holiday stress directly impacts your stomach.(节日压力会直接影响你的胃。)”说明了节日压力对胃部的影响；C选项“Therefore, managing your stress can’t be overstated.(因此，管理你的压力怎么强调都不为过。)”与上文形成因果关系，强调了管理压力对于维护胃部健康的重要性，符合题意。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，满分15分） Among the chaos of Hurricane Francine, a dramatic rescue unfolded on live television. On the evening of Wednesday, September 11, Miles Crawford, an off-duty emergency nurse in Lakeview, Louisiana, ____21____ when he learned someone was ____22____ in a sinking pickup truck in floodwaters just 200 feet from his home. At around 8:45 pm, Crawford received an ____23____ text from his brother, saying that a news crew accidentally caught a(n) ____24____ scene. A vehicle dived into a nearby canal with the driver stuck in it. Without hesitation, Crawford ran to the ____25____. As Crawford approached the sinking truck, a police officer told him about the ____26____ conditions. Despite the warning, Crawford quickly took ____27____ into his own hands. At the sudden realization of the ____28____ of a tool to break the window, he dashed back to his house to grab a hammer. When he ____29____ the chest-high floodwaters and reached the vehicle, the water had ____30____ the driver’s chin, and time was running out. Crawford ____31____ the man to move to the back of the truck, where the water was ____32____ shallower, and broke the back window with his hammer. He pulled the man out, guided him through the floodwaters, and helped him climb over to ____33____. Just 10 minutes later, the truck ____34____ fully into the water. Crawford said his background as an emergency nurse helped him stay ____35____ throughout the rescue. “I’m used to high stress and high level of things on a daily basis,” he said. 21. A. took control of B. drew a conclusion C. sprang into action D. rose to his feet 22. A. recognized B. caught C. filled D. abandoned 23. A. unexpected B. unbelievable C. unavoidable D. unacceptable 24. A. eye-catching B. fun-filled C. painstaking D. heartbreaking 25. A. emergency B. scene C. power D. theatre 26. A. unique B. stable C. dangerous D. secure 27. A. claims B. contributions C. choices D. matters 28. A. delivery B. need C. control D. loss 29. A. dived into B. checked out C. looked into D. worked out 30. A. attacked B. washed C. reached D. damaged 31. A. appointed B. promised C. threatened D. instructed 32. A. slightly B. typically C. dramatically D. previously 33. A. comfort B. square C. safety D. distance 34. A. bumped B. collapsed C. sank D. exploded 35. A. calm B. fair C. smart D. different 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在飓风期间，路易斯安那州一名急诊护士Miles Crawford得知有人被困在即将沉没的卡车中后，毫不犹豫展开救援，最终成功救出被困者。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：9月11日（周三）傍晚，路易斯安那州莱克维尤市一名非当班的急救护士Miles Crawford在得知有人被困在距离他家仅200英尺的洪水中、一辆正在下沉的皮卡车里时，立即采取了行动。A. took control of控制；B. drew a conclusion得出结论；C. sprang into action立即行动；D. rose to his feet站起来。根据后文“Without hesitation, Crawford ran to the ________ .”可知，Miles Crawford得知有人被困后立即采取了行动。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recognized认出；B. caught抓住，困住；C. filled充满；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后文“in a sinking pickup truck in floodwaters”可知，有人被困在正在下沉皮卡车里。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：晚上8点45分左右，Crawford收到了他哥哥发来的一条意想不到的短信，说新闻摄制组偶然拍到了一个令人心碎的场景。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. unacceptable不可接受的。根据后文“a news crew accidentally caught a(n) ________ scene”可知，Crawford收到的是一条意想不到的短信。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. eye-catching引人注目的；B. fun-filled充满乐趣的；C. painstaking煞费苦心的；D. heartbreaking令人心碎的。根据后文“A vehicle dived into a nearby canal with the driver stuck in it.”可知，新闻摄制组偶然拍到的是一个令人心碎的场景。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Crawford毫不犹豫地跑向现场。A. emergency紧急情况；B. scene现场；C. power力量；D. theatre剧院。根据后文“As Crawford approached the sinking truck”可知，Crawford跑向的是事故现场。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Crawford接近正在下沉的卡车时，一名警察告诉他情况很危险。A. unique独特的；B. stable稳定的；C. dangerous危险的；D. secure安全的。根据后文“Despite the warning”可知，警察告诉Crawford的是情况很危险。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有警告，Crawford还是迅速将事情掌握在自己手中。A. claims索赔；B. contributions贡献；C. choices选择；D. matters事情。根据后文“he dashed back to his house to grab a hammer”描述Crawford迅速展开救援的情景可知，他将事情掌握在了自己手中。take matters into one's own hands为固定短语，意为“自己动手处理事情”。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他突然意识到需要一个工具来打破窗户时，他冲回房子去拿锤子。A. delivery递送；B. need需要；C. control控制；D. loss损失。根据后文“he dashed back to his house to grab a hammer”可知，Crawford意识到需要一个工具来打破窗户。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他潜入齐胸深的洪水中并到达车辆时，水已经淹到了司机的下巴，时间不多了。A. dived into潜入；B. checked out结账离开；C. looked into调查；D. worked out解决。根据后文“the chest-high floodwaters”可知，Crawford潜入了齐胸深的洪水中。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. attacked攻击；B. washed洗；C. reached到达；D. damaged损坏。根据后文“the driver’s chin”可知，水已经淹到了司机的下巴。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Crawford指示那人移到卡车后面，那里的水稍微浅一些，然后用锤子砸碎了后窗。A. appointed任命；B. promised承诺；C. threatened威胁；D. instructed指示。根据后文“the man to move to the back of the truck”可知，Crawford指示那人移到卡车后面。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. slightly稍微；B. typically典型地；C. dramatically显著地；D. previously以前。根据前文“move to the back of the truck”可知，卡车后面的水稍微浅一些。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把那人拉出来，引导他穿过洪水，并帮助他爬到安全的地方。A. comfort安慰；B. square广场；C. safety安全；D. distance距离。根据前文“He pulled the man out, guided him through the floodwaters”可知，Crawford帮助那人爬到了安全的地方。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅10分钟后，卡车就完全沉入了水中。A. bumped碰撞；B. collapsed倒塌；C. sank下沉；D. exploded爆炸。根据前文“a sinking pickup truck”可知，卡车最终完全沉入了水中。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Crawford说，他作为急救护士的背景帮助他在整个救援过程中保持冷静。A. calm冷静的；B. fair公平的；C. smart聪明的；D. different不同的。根据后文“I’m used to high stress and high level of things on a daily basis”可知，此处指急救护士的背景帮助Crawford在救援过程中保持冷静。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to disinformation, “social media took the cost of distribution to zero, and generative AI takes the cost of generation to zero,” says Renee DiResta of the Stanford Internet Observatory. Large language models such as GPT-4 make ___36___ easy to produce misleading news articles or social-media posts in huge quantities. Last year, however, researchers at Microsoft disclosed VALL-E, ___37___ AI model that is able to clone a ___38___ (person) voice from just a three-second clip of them speaking, and make it say any given text. OpenAl, the American company behind GPT-4, ___39___ (develop) a similar tool so far, Voice Engine, ___40___ can surprisingly clone any voice from a 15-second clip. Similarly, Sora, can produce ___41___ (convince) realistic synthetic (合成的) videos, in response to text prompts, of up to a minute in ___42___ (long). It may even be possible to“microtarget” individuals with disinformation, ___43___ (base) on knowledge of their preferences, biases (偏见) and concerns. ___44___ all of this is worrying, it is worth ____45____ (remember) that not all aspects of the technology are negative. Al can be used for fighting disinformation as well as producing it. 【答案】36. it 37. an 38. person's 39. has developed 40. which 41. convincingly 42. length 43. based 44. Although##Though## While 45. remembering 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了生成式 AI 在信息生产的成本降低方面的应用及其可能带来的负面影响和正面应用。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意：大型语言模型如 GPT-4 使大量生产误导性新闻文章或社交媒体帖文变得容易。make+it+形容词+to do sth为固定用法。it作形式宾语。故填it。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，微软的研究人员去年披露了一种人工智能模型VALL-E，它能够从一个人说话的三秒钟片段中克隆出一个人的声音，并让它说出任何给定的文本。泛指“一种人工智能模型”，应使用不定冠词，且AI首字母的发音为元音音素。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：然而，微软的研究人员去年披露了一种人工智能模型VALL-E，它能够从一个人说话的三秒钟片段中克隆出一个人的声音，并让它说出任何给定的文本。需要使用名词所有格来表示某人“某人的声音”。故填person’s。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：美国公司OpenAl到目前为止已经开发了一个类似的工具，语音引擎，它可以从15秒的剪辑中复制任何声音。根据“so far,”可知，应用现在完成时态。主谓一致，故填has developed。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：美国公司OpenAl到目前为止已经开发了一个类似的工具，语音引擎，它可以从15秒的剪辑中复制任何声音。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Voice Engine”，需要用关系代词which作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：同样，Sora也可以根据文本提示制作出令人信服逼真合成视频，最长可达一分钟。此处需要副词形式convincingly来修饰动词“produce”。故填convincingly。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：视同样，Sora也可以根据文本提示制作出令人信服的逼真合成视频，最长可达一分钟。该空为介词in后的名词，用名词“length”表示“长度”作宾语。故填length。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至有可能基于对他们的偏好、偏见和担忧的了解，向个人“微定向”发布虚假信息。be based on以……为基础。本句为过去分词形式作定语，去掉be动词。故填based。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管所有这些令人担忧，但值得记住的是，并非所有技术的方面都是负面的。该句是一个让步状语从句，需使用连词although、though或while引导。首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：记住这一点是值得的。it is worth doing sth值得做某事。故填remembering。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，现在已是寒假期间，你出门旅游，旅途中你给你的英国笔友Chris发一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 你所在的景点；2. 你的旅游经历和感受； 3. 你的下一个目的地。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Chris, I’m having a great time in Putuo Mountain, one of the Four Holy Buddhist Mountains in China. It was a long drive but I found it worthwhile the instant I set foot on the island. The temples scattering among the mountains impressed me and their long history and subtle sculptures kept me in awe. I even made a wish there. The beach is also a nice spot where I spent a quiet afternoon wandering around and picking up beautiful seashells. Tomorrow I’m leaving for Ningbo. I’ll keep you updated! Love, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Chris发一封电子邮件告知自己寒假的旅游经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 值得的： worthwhile→rewarding 踏上：set foot on →step onto 漫步：wander→stroll 美丽的：beautiful→charming 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m having a great time in Putuo Mountain, one of the Four Holy Buddhist Mountains in China. 拓展句：I’m having a great time in Putuo Mountain, which is one of the Four Holy Buddhist Mountains in China. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was a long drive but I found it worthwhile the instant I set foot on the island. （运用了the instant引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】The beach is also a nice spot, where I spent a quiet afternoon wandering around and picking up beautiful seashells.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was born into a very close family. It was just my parents and me. Over the years I’ve noticed how well my parents manage to look after their health and how healthy they are. I had never bothered to follow their example or been that curious about the secret of their good health. I never realized what a great resource they could be. I would look at them both, so slim, strong and healthy — much more so than me — and think, how will I ever get to be like them? I’m constantly impressed by their toughness. They have never taken any sick days from work, unless they really need to. They don’t need to visit the doctor much. Their habits are deep-rooted and it works for them. Part of their success is how efficiently they control what they eat. Their diet is extremely healthy and they stick to it. For breakfast, it’s porridge; lunch is salad or a wholemeal sandwich with butter, garlic, raw onion and black pepper. Dinner is boiled vegetables, or beans. Both of them grew up eating fresh, unprocessed food. My dad is a bus driver, and my mum works part-time as a sales assistant. My dad started skipping at the age of six. He’s now a mini celebrity and admired by people worldwide with thousands of followers on social media. And my mum has won fitness competitions at the gym. In this respect, I was the complete opposite. I hated fitness and was lazy and unfit. Last week I had a health scare; I found a lump (肿块) on my neck. After an examination, it turned out to be fatty tissue, which isn’t harmful but unless I lose weight, or I have surgery, it could get worse. My parents said to me: don’t get surgery, let us train you and you’ll feel much better. I wanted to take the easy option and have it removed. But I also thought, maybe this was an eye-opener and a wake-up call for me to start getting fit. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We worked out an exercise plan that suited all three of us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now I can feel the benefits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We worked out an exercise plan that suited all three of us. We rose early in the morning, did some sit-ups and breathing exercises and then went for a run. We chose unprocessed food over fried chips and drank more water. Initial days were tough for me—my legs aching, and sweat streaming down, paired with unappealing meals. However, Dad’s firm “Keep going” drove me on, while Mom would wipe the sweat from my forehead. Gradually, the painful drills have transformed into a sustainable habit. Now I can feel the benefits. And breathing during working out has became easier and jeans has been loosening around my waist. Dad is content with my steadier pace, murmuring, “You’ve been a very different man!” I feel more positive. It is these lifestyle changes that have made a real difference. My parents’ fitness levels are still far higher than mine, but it’s a motivation to keep me going. Finally, the stubborn lump on my neck disappeared, which is an award for my efforts. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个长期忽视健康的年轻人，在经历健康警讯后，决定跟随父母健康生活方式的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们制定了一个适合我们三人的锻炼计划。”可知，第一段可描写制定具体锻炼计划及初期实施过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“现在我可以感受到好处了。”可知，第二段可描写身体变化和心理感悟。 2.续写线索：制定计划——晨跑训练——饮食调整——身体变化——心理感悟——家庭纽带 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①起床：rise/get up ②擦：wipe/rub ③小声说：murmur/whisper 情绪类： ①困难的：tough/hard ②积极的：positive/active 【点睛】[高分句型1] Dad is content with my steadier pace, murmuring, “You’ve been a very different man!” （现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]It is these lifestyle changes that have made a real difference（运用了强调句） [高分句型3]Finally, the stubborn lump on my neck disappeared, which is an award for my efforts.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $