Unit 4 Natural disasters 一-2025-2026学年高中英语固定搭配精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 自然灾害专题 【Unit4】Natural disasters 固定搭配精讲 全部单元单词 tornado /to:'neidau/n. 龙卷风；援 damage/'daemId3h.&t.损害： 旋风 helicopter/helikppta(r)h.直升损失 drought/.draot/n.旱灾；干旱 机 destroy/d'stro/t.摧毁：毁灭 landslide/'laendslaId/n.(山地或death/de0/n.死；死亡 evacuate/I'vaekjoeit/vt.疏散；撤 悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡 affect'fekt/vt.影响；（疾病）侵出：vi.撤离 flood /flAd/n.洪水；大量；i.淹袭：深深打动 heal /hi:l/wi.&t.治愈；（使）康 没：大量涌入：t.使灌满水：淹shelter'∫elta(r)n.避难处：居所；复；解决（问题）：消除（分歧） 没 庇护；t.保护；掩蔽；vi.躲避quake /kweik/n.震动；地震 rescue'reskju:/n.&t.营救：救（风雨或危险) ubble/Tb(a)l/n.碎石；瓦砾 固定及常见搭配 1.Iood/fAdn.洪水：大量：vi.淹没：大量涌入：t.使灌满水；淹没 核心搭配： a flood of sth.大量的某物 flood into sp.涌入某地 be flooded with被…淹没：充满 精讲： 作名词时可表示自然灾害“洪水”，也可表示“大量”：作动词时强调“淹没”或“涌入”，主语 可为自然现象或人/物。 例句： After the heavy rain,the river flooded the nearby villages. 真题链接： The small town was__by the heavy rain last week.(答案：flooded) 2.rescue/'reskju:h.&vt.营救：救援 核心搭配： carry out a rescue实施救援 rescue sb.from sp.从某地营救某人 come to one's rescue前来营救某人 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 精讲： 作及物动词时直接接宾语，作名词时常用搭配“carry out/.make a rescue”,强调“拯救行动”。 例句： The firefighters rescued three children from the burning building. 真题链接： The soldiers tried their best to the villagers trapped in the flood.(答案：rescue) 3.affect/A'fekt/vt.影响：（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 核心搭配： affect sb./sth.影响某人/某物 be affected by被…影响 affect one's health/mood影响健康/情绪 精讲： affect为及物动词，强调“产生负面或正面的影响”，名词形式为effect(have an effect on)。 例句： Smoking can seriously affect your lung health 真题链接： The bad weather has our plan to have a picnic.(答案：affected) 4.shelter'elta(r)n.避难处：居所；庇护；t.保护；掩蔽；i.躲避（风雨或危险） 核心搭配： a shelter for..…的避难处 take shelter from躲避… shelter sb./sth.fiom保护…免受… 精讲： 作名词时指“具体的避难场所”或“抽象的庇护”；作动词时强调“提供保护”，常用搭配“shelter fom”。 例句： We took shelter from the rain in a small cave. 真题链接： People in the disaster area need food,water and (答案：shelter) 5.damage/'demd/h.&vt.损害；损失 核心搭配： cause damage to对…造成损害 suffer damage遭受损失 do damage to损害… 精讲： 作名词时为不可数名词，强调“部分损坏”，区别于destroy(彻底摧毁)：作动词时直接接宾语。 例句： The storm caused great damage to the crops. 2 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 真题链接： The earthquake did a lot of to the old buildings in the city.(答案：damage) 6.destroy/d'stroI/vt.摧毁：毁灭 核心搭配： destroy sth.completely彻底摧毁某物 be destroyed by被…摧毁 destroy one's hope破灭某人的希望 精讲： destroy强调“无法修复的彻底破坏”，语气强于damage,主语多为自然灾害、战争等。 例句： The ancient temple was destroyed by a big fire 真题链接： The heavy snow many houses in the mountain village last winter..(答案：destroyed) 7.evacuate/'vakjoeit/t.疏散：撤出；vi.撤离 核心搭配： evacuate sb.from sp.从某地疏散某人 evacuate to sp.撤离到某地 order to evacuate下令撤离 精讲： evacuate强调“有组织地紧急撤离”，常用于自然灾害或危险情况，被动语态为be evacuated。. 例句： The government ordered people to evacuate from the flood area 真题链接： All the students were from the school when the fire alarm rang.(答案：evacuated) 8.heal /hi:lwi.&vt.治愈：（使）康复；解决（问题）：消除（分歧） 核心搭配： heal a wound愈合伤口 heal sb.of sth.治愈某人的… heal a conflict解决冲突 精讲： heal可指“身体伤口愈合”或“关系、问题的解决”，区别于cre(侧重治愈疾病)。 例句： Time can heal almost all wounds. 真题链接： The doctor said it would take three weeks for his broken leg to (答案：heal) 9.quake /kweik/h.震动；地震 核心搭配： 3 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 an earthquake地震（全称） feel a quake感觉到震动 quake victim地震灾民 精讲： quake为口语中“地震”的简称，正式全称为earthquake,常用搭配“an earthquake hits/strikes.”。 例句： A strong quake hit the city last night,causing many injuries. 真题链接： The which happened in Sichuan in2008 was very terrible..(答案：earthquake) l0.rescue/reskju:/m.&vt.营救：救援 核心搭配： rescue team救援队 rescue operation救援行动 rescue effort救援努力 精讲： 补充搭配强调“救援的组织和行动”，常见于新闻或正式语境。 例句： The rescue team arrived at the disaster area within two hours. 真题链接： The worked day and night to save people trapped under the rubble.(rescue team) 11.affect'fekt/t.影响：（疾病）侵袭：深深打动 核心搭配： affect the economy影响经济 be deeply affected by被…深深打动 affect one's decision影响决定 精讲： 补充搭配强调“抽象事物的影响”，如经济、决策等，或“情感上的打动”。 例句： Her story deeply affected all the people present. 真题链接： The result of the exam will_his choice of university.(答案：affect) 12.f1ood/flAd/m.洪水；大量；vi.淹没：大量涌入；t.使灌满水；淹没 核心搭配： flood water洪水 flood season汛期 a flood of tears泪如泉涌 精讲： 补充搭配中“a flood of+抽象名词”表示“大量”，如tears,letters等。 4 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 例句： She burst into a flood of tears when she heard the bad news. 真题链接： After the heavy rain,the water covered the streets.(答案：flood) 13.shelter/'∫elta(r)/m.避难处：居所：庇护：t.保护；掩蔽；i.躲避（风雨或危险) 核心搭配： shelter animal收容动物 temporary shelter临时避难所 under the shelter of在…的庇护下 精讲： 补充搭配强调“具体场所类型”和“抽象庇护”，如temporary shelter(临时避难所)。 例句： The Red Cross set up temporary shelters for the homeless. 真题链接： People in the disaster area are living in shelters now. (答案：temporary） 14.damage/'dend3/n.&vt.损害；损失 核心搭配： environmental damage环境破坏 brain damage脑损伤 repair damage修复损坏 精讲： 补充搭配中“damage”可与具体名词搭配，强调“特定领域的损害”。 例句： Oil spills can cause serious environmental damage. 真题链接： The storm did great to the forest.(答案：damage) 单词综合训练 综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.The small town was by the heavy rain last week. ·A.flood 5 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 ·B.flooded ·C.flooding ·D.floods 2.The soldiers tried their best to the villagers trapped in the flood. ·A.rescue ·B.save ·C.help ·D.protect 3.The bad weather has our plan to have a picnic. ·A.effect ·B.affected ·C.influence ·D.influenced 4.People in the disaster area need food,water and ·A.shelter ·B.house ·C.home ·D.building 5.The earthquake did a lot of to the old buildings in the city. 6 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 ·A.destroy ·B.damage ·C.hut ·D.ham 6.The heavy snow many houses in the mountain village last winter ·A.damaged ·B.hut ·C.destroyed ·D.broke 7.All the students were from the school when the fire alarm rang. ·A.evacuated ·B.left ·C.escaped ·D.an 8.The doctor said it would take three weeks for his broken leg to ·A.cure ·B.heal ·C.treat ·D.recover 7 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.After the heavy rain,the river (淹没)the nearby villages.. 2.The firefighters (营救)three children from the burning building 3.Smoking can seriously (影响)your lung health. 4.We took (避难)from the rain in a small cave. 5.The storm caused great_ (损害)to the crops. 6.The ancient temple was (摧毁)by a big fire.. 7.The government ordered people to (撤离)from the flood area.. 8.Time can (治愈)almost all wounds. 三、首字母填空 1.A strong qhit the city last night,causing many injuries. 2.The rescue t_ arrived at the disaster area within two hours. 3.Her story deeply aall the people present. 4.After the heavy rain,the f water covered the streets. 5.The Red Cross set up temporary s for the homeless. 6.Oil spills can cause serious environmental d 7.We need to e people from the dangerous area immediately. 8.The doctor used special medicine to h_ his wound. 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The small town was (flood)by the heavy rain last week 2.The soldiers tried their best to(rescue)the trapped villagers. 3.The bad weather has (affect)our travel plans. 4.People in the disaster area are living in (temporary)shelters now. 5.The storm did great (damage)to the forest. 8 高中必修一人教 【Natural Disasters】 固定搭配精讲 6.All the students were (evacuate)from the school safely. 7.It takes time for a broken heart to (heal) 8.The earthquake (destroy)many houses in the area. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3B4.A5.B6.C7.A8.B IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.flooded 2rescued 3.affect 4.shelter 5.damage 6.destroyed 7.evacuate 8.heal 工首字母填空 1.quake 2.team 3.affected 4.flood 5.shelters 6.damage 7.evacuate 8heal V.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.flooded 2.rescue 3.affected 4.temporary 5.damage 6.evacuated 7heal 8.de- stroyed