Unit 4 Natural disasters 二-2025-2026学年高中英语固定搭配精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 精讲专版 【Unit4】Natural disasters二 固定搭配精讲 全部单元单词 ruin/u:m/h.废墟；毁坏；t.bury/'bert.埋葬：安葬 苦、悲伤等)受苦受难：受折 破坏；毁灭 calm kam/t.&vi.(使)平磨；t.遭受；蒙受 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 静：（使）镇定：adj.平静的；镇suffer from遭受；患病 survivor/sa'vaIva(r)/m.幸存者：静的；沉着的 unify/ju:nrfa/wi.&vt.统一；（使） 生还者；残存物 calm down平静下来：镇定下来成一体 shock /fok/vt.使震惊；使惊愕；effort/'ef3t/n.努力：艰难的尝smart/sma:t/ad.聪明的；机敏 n.震惊：惊愕；休克 试：尽力 的：智能的 electricity/,lek'tst/n.电；电wisdom/'wIzdam/n.智慧；才智phone/faU/n.电话：电话机： 能 context/'kontekst/.hn.上下文：语t.&vi.打电话 tra即ep/t.使落入险境：使陷境 入圈套：n.险境；陷阱 suffer/'sAfa(r)wi.(因疾病、痛 固定及常见搭配 1.ruin/'un/n.废墟；毁坏；t.破坏；毁灭 核心搭配： in ruins严重受损：破败不堪 uin one's health/future毁坏某人的健康/前途 fall into ruin沦为废墟 精讲： uin作动词时强调“逐渐毁坏”，作名词时常用复数形式uins表示“废墟”，固定搭配in ruins 为高频考点。 例句： The ancient temple fell into ruin after the earthquake. 真题链接： After the war,the whole city lay (答案：in ruins) 2.survivor/sa'vaIva()/n.幸存者；生还者；残存物 核心搭配： a survivor of..…的幸存者 高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 survivors of the accident事故幸存者 精讲： survivor为可数名词，由动词survive加后缀-or构成，常与介词of搭配表示“…的幸存者”。 例句： The survivors of the earthquake were sent to the hospital immediately. 真题链接： There were only two in the plane crash..(答案：survivors) 3.shock /fpk/vt.使震惊：使惊愕：n.震惊；惊愕：休克 核心搭配： in shock处于休克状态；震惊地 shock sb.使某人震惊 a great shock巨大的震惊 精讲： 作名词时，shock可表示“休克”（医学术语）或“震惊”，in shock为固定搭配：作动词时，常 用shock sb.结构。 例句： The news of his death shocked all of us. 真题链接： She was when she heard the terrible news.(答案：shocked) 4.trap /trap/t.使落入险境：使陷入圈套；n.险境；陷阱 核心搭配： trap sb.in.使某人被困在… fall into a trap落入陷阱 set a trap设置陷阱 精讲： 作动词时，ra即常用被动语态be trapped in..表示“被困在…”；作名词时，可指“陷阱”或 “险境”。 例句： Many people were trapped in the burning building 真题链接： He was in the elevator for two hours.(答案：trapped) 5.calm /ka:m/t.&vi.(使)平静：（使)镇定；adj.平静的：镇静的：沉着的 核心搭配： calm down平静下来；镇定下来 stay calm保持镇定 calm sb.dowm使某人平静下来 精讲： calm作形容词时，可用于系表结构stay/keep calm:作动词时，calm down为不及物动词短语，宾 2 高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 语为人时需用calm sb.dowm。 例句： Try to calm down before you make a decision. 真题链接： Please down and tell me what happened.(答案：calm) 6.suffer/'sfa()/wi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦：受难：受折磨：t.遭受：蒙受 核心搭配： suffer from遭受：患病 suffer from illness患病 suffer great loss遭受巨大损失 精讲： ffr作不及物动词时，常与fiom搭配表示“患…病”或“遭受…痛苦”；作及物动词时， 直接接宾语表示“遭受…损失”。 例句： He has suffered from headache for many years. 真题链接： Many people from the flood last summer. (答案：suffered) 7.effort/eft/n.努力：艰难的尝试：尽力 核心搭配： make an effort努力 spare no effort不遗余力 with effort费力地 精讲： effort为可数名词，make an effort(to do sth.)为常用搭配，表示“努力（做某事）”；spare no effort 后接不定式或介词in。 例句： We should make an effort to protect the environment. 真题链接： He made every to pass the exam.(答案：effort) 8.bury/beri/vt.埋葬；安葬 核心搭配： bury sb.安葬某人 bury sth.in.…把某物埋在… be buried in..埋头于…；专心于…. 精讲： buy作“埋葬”讲时，直接接宾语；be buried in.为固定搭配，可表示“埋头于某事”（比喻义）。 例句： He was buried in his work and didn't notice the time. 高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 真题链接： The old man was in his hometown after his death.(答案：buried) 9.nify/ju:nifar/vi.&t.统一；（使）成一体 核心搭配： unify sth.统一某物 unify.into one把…统一成一体 精讲： unify为及物动词，强调“使分散的事物成为一个整体”，其名词形式为unity(统一：团结)。 例句： The country was unified after a long war. 真题链接： The government tried to the two parties.(答案：unify) 10.calm down平静下来；镇定下来 核心搭配： calm down(自己)平静下来 calm sb.dowm使某人平静下来 精讲： 该短语为“动词+副词”结构，当宾语为人称代词时，代词需放在cam和dowm之间。 例句： Please calm yourself down before answering the question. 真题链接： The teacher asked the students to down in class.(答案：cam) 11.suffer from遭受：患病 核心搭配： suffer from a cold患感冒 suffer from poverty遭受贫困 精讲： ffer from后接疾病名称或抽象名词，表示“长期遭受…之苦”或“患…病”，强调状态。 例句： Many people in the area suffer from hunger and disease. 真题链接： My grandfather often from back pain in winter.(答案：suffers) 12.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 核心搭配： lie in ruins沦为废墟 be in ruins严重受损 精讲： 4 高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 该短语为固定搭配，uis必须用复数形式，主语通常为表示建筑物、城市等的名词。 例句： The ancient city lay in ruins after the war. 真题链接： After the fire.the house was (答案：in ruins) 13.electricity,lek'trisItI/n.电；电能 核心搭配： supply electricity供电 generate electricity发电 cut off electricity切断电源 精讲： electricity为不可数名词，无复数形式，常用搭配多与“供应、使用、切断”等动词连用。 例句： We need electricity to run the machine. 真题链接： The factory uses wind to generate (答案：electricity) 14.smart/snat/adj.聪明的；机敏的；智能的 核心搭配： smart phone智能手机 smart idea聪明的想法 be smart about.对…机敏 精讲： smat可表示“聪明的”（同义词clever/intelligent)或“智能的”（如smart phone),在科技类语 境中常表示“智能的”。 例句： He came up with a smart solution to the problem 真题链接： Now many people use phones to pay bills.(答案：smart) 综合训练 综合训练 单项选择 1.After the earthquake,the whole village lay. 5 高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 A.in ruin B.in ruins C.at ruins D.on ruin 2.The doctor tried his best to save the man who was shock after the accident A.on B.at C.in D.with 3.Many people were in the collapsed building and needed help immediately A.trapped B.trapping C.trap D.traps 4.You should down and think carefully before making a decision. A.calm B.calmness C.calming D.calmed 5.He has from a serious illness for many years. A.suffered B.suffered from C.suffering D.suffer 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The old castle has (沦为废墟)after years of neglect.. 6 高中必修一人教 【精讲专版】 Unit4固定搭配精讲 2.The (幸存者)of the plane crash were sent to the nearest hospital. 3.We should (不遗余力)to help those in need. 4.She was (埋头于)her studies and didn't hear the doorbell,. 5.The government is making great (努力)to improve people's living conditions. 三、首字母填空 1.The news of the accident s everyone in the office. 2.He tried to c the crying child down by telling a story. 3.Many families s great losses in the flood last year. 4.The workers are making every eto finish the project on time. 5.The ancient city was b in the desert and forgotten for centuries. 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The rescue team spent three hours saving the people (trap)in the mine. 2.She was (shock)to hear that her best friend had moved abroad. 3.We should make an (effort)to protect wild animals. 4.The country finally achieved(unify)after a long war. 5.He has been (bury)in research work since last month. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.A5.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.fallen into ruin 2.survivors 3.spare no effort 4.buried in 5.efforts I.首字母填空 1.shocked 2.calm 3.suffered 4.effort 5.buried V.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.trapped 2.shocked 3.effort 4.unity 5.buried 7