Unit 4 Sharing三-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修4Unit4 Sharing 单元词汇总览 disabled/dis'erbld/adj.有残疾/'kontraekt/n.合同；契约 relay/'ri:ler;rrle/t.转发；转 的：丧失能力的 gant/gra:nt,NAmE graent/vt.同播n.接力赛：接班的人relay to resign /r'zam/vi.&t.辞职；辞意：准许n.拨款 转达给…：转发给… 去 take()for granted短语认为(criterion /krar'trian/n.(pl.cri- deserve/dr'z3v/t.值得：应得：)是理所当然：对（)不teria/-rie)标准：准则：原则 应受 予重视 stability/sta'bilati/n.稳定（性）： lately'lertli/adv.最近；不久前；cardiac/'ka:diaek/adj..心脏病的；稳固（性） 近来 心脏的 pray /prer/vi.&t.企盼：祈祷 input/'mpwt/n.情况：信息；投circuit/'s3kt/n.巡回；环形线pray that但愿 入；输入vt.输入 路 hypothetical /harpa'0etikl/adj tune /tju:n,NAmE tu:/n.曲调；disability/,disa'bilati/n.缺陷：障假设的：假定的 曲子t.调音：调节；调频道 碍 contract/kan'traekt/vt.感染（疾consultation/konsl'ten/n.咨 病)：与…订立合同（或契约）询：咨询会 易错词汇精讲 1.contract/kan'traekt//vt.感染（疾病）：与…订立合同（或契约）/'kontraekt/.n.合同：契约 ·易错点：易混淆动词与名词的发音及含义：作“感染（疾病）”时易误用于主动表被动的语境。 ·精讲：动词发音为kan'traekt/,表“感染”或“订立合同”：名词发音为/'kpntraekt/,指“合 同”。“感染疾病”时主语通常为“人”，如He contracted a cold.不可说A cold was contracted by him(虽语法正确，但日常少用)。 ·例句：(I)They contracted to build the bridge.(v.订立合同)(2)She has a three-year contract with the company..(n.合同)(3)He contracted COVID-l9 last month.(v.感染) ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The athlete_(感染)a serious illness and had to quit the competition..(答案：contracted) 2.grant/gra:nt;:NAmE graent/t.同意；准许n.拨款 ·易错点：作动词时易误与agree混淆，grant后常接双宾语，即grant sb.sth.=grant sth.tosb.; 易漏记固定短语take.for granted。 ·精讲：grant强调“官方或正式地同意给予”，agree侧重“双方意见一致”。take.for granted中 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 it可作形式宾语，构成take it for granted that..(认为…理所当然)。 ·例句：(I)The government granted us permission to build the school.(t.准许)(2)She received a grant to study abroad.(n.拨款)(3)Don't take his help for granted.(短语) ·真题链接：We should not take_for granted that parents will always support us..(答案：it) 3.resign/r1'zan/vi.&t.辞职；辞去 ·易错点：易误加介词，如resign from the post正确，resign the post也正确，但不可说resign of:“辞去职位”时直接接职位名词，无需加from(接地点或组织时需加from)。 ·精讲：resign作及物动词时，后接职位名词(resign one'sjob/post);作不及物动词时，接from +组织/单位(resign from the company)。 ·例句：(I)He resigned his position as manager last week.(及物)(2)She decided to resign from the committee.(不及物) ·真题链接：After the accident,.the director_(辞职)from his position to take responsibility.（答案： resigned) 4.deserve/dr'z3v/t.值得：应得：应受 ·易错点：主动表被动含义，后接doing时主动形式表被动意义，易误接to be done;易混淆deserve sth.与deserve to do sth.的用法。 ·精讲：deserve后接名词/代词、to do sth.(主动含义)或doing(被动含义，=to be done)。如 He deserves praise.(=He deserves to be praised.He deserves praising.) .(1)You deserve a rest after working so hard.(sth.)(2)She deserves to win the prize.(to do, 主动)(3)The issue deserves discussing.(doing,被动) ·真题链接：The brave soldier deserves._(respect)by all of us.(答案：respecting/to be respected) 5.input/'mput/n.情况：信息：投入；输入t.输入 ·易错点：易混淆名词的可数与不可数；作“信息；投入”时不可数，作“输入的信息/数据”时 可数（通常用复数inputs);易误写为in put。 ·精讲：iput为合成词，无空格；名词含义“投入”侧重时间、精力等，不可数：“输入的具体 信息”可数。动词含义“输入（数据等）”，过去式和过去分词为input/inputted。 ·例句：(I)We need your input on this project.(n.不可数，意见)(2)The computer processes the inputs quickly.(n.可数，输入数据)(3)Please input the password into the system.(t.输入) ·真题链接：The success of the experiment depends on everyone's_(投入)of time and effort.(答 案：input) 6.relay'ri:ler,rr'le/t.转发；转播n.接力赛：接班的人 ·易错点：易混淆动词与名词的发音及含义；固定短语relay to中to为介词，后接人，易误接动 词原形。 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·精讲：动词发音为rr'le/,表“转发：转播”，relay sth.tosb.(把某事转达给某人)：名词发音 为ile,指“接力赛”或“接班人”。 ·例句：(1)The news was relayed to all parts of the country.(t.转播)(2)He won the400-meter relay..(n.接力赛)(3)Please relay my thanks to your parents.(短语，转达) ·真题链接：Could you_(转发)the message to the rest of the team?(答案：rely) 7.criterion/kraI'trarian/n.(pl.criteria/-rie)标准；准则；原则 ·易错点：易误记复数形式为criterions,.正确复数是criteria;易与standard混淆，criterion更侧 重“判断、评估的依据”，standard侧重“公认的标准”。 ·精讲：criterion为希腊语词根，复数不规则变化为criteria;standard复数为standards,使用更 广泛。 ·例句：(I)What criteria do you use to judge a good book?(复数)(2)The main criterion for admission is academic ability.(单数) ·真题链接：The(标准)for selecting volunteers include enthusiasm and teamwork spirit..(答案： criteria) 8.pray /prer/vi.&t.企盼：祈祷 ·易错点：易混淆pray for sth.(为某事祈祷)与pray that..(但愿…)：pray后接that从句时， 从句常用虚拟语气(should+动词原形，should可省略)。 ·精讲：pray作不及物动词时接for(pray for peace):作及物动词时接hat从句，表“企盼”，从 句谓语常用“(should)do”。 ·例句：(I)They prayed for the sick boy to recover.(pray for)(2)I pray that we may succeed.(pray that,虚拟语气) ·真题链接：We_(祈祷)that the war would come to an end soon.(答案：prayed) 9.hypothetical/,hapa'0etik/adj.假设的：假定的 ·易错点：易误写为hypothetic(较少见的形容词形式，教材通常用hypothetical):易与supposed 混淆，hypothetical强调“基于假设的，未证实的”，supposed侧重“被认为的”。 ·精讲：hypothetical常修饰situation/question/example等，指“假设的情境/问题”；supposed常 构成be supposed to do(应该做)。 ·例句：(I)Let's consider a hypothetical scenario where the Earth stops rotating..(假设的情境)(2) The question is purely hypothetical.(纯粹假设的) ·真题链接：In the science class,we discussed a(假设的)problem about time travel. （答案： hypothetical) 10.stability/t'blti/n.稳定（性）：稳固（性） ·易错点：易误写为stablety,正确拼写为stability(名词)，形容词为stable;易与steady混淆， stability侧重“状态的稳定”，steady侧重“持续不变的”。 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·精讲：stability为不可数名词，常用搭配political stability(政治稳定)，economic stability(经 济稳定)。 ·例句：The country needs long-term stability to develop its economy. 。 真题链接：Political_(stable)is important for economic development.(答案：stability) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The athletea serious illness and had to quit the competition ●A.contracted ●B.contacted ●C.contrasted ●D.contained 2.We should not take for granted that parents will always support us. ●A.this ●B.that ·C.it 。D.then 3.After the accident,the director from his position to take responsibility. ·A.resigned ·B.resigned off ●C.quit from ●D.left off 4.The brave soldier deserves by all of us. ●A.respecting ●B.respected 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·C.to respect ●D.respect 5.In the science class,we discussed a_problem about time travel. ·A.supposed ·B.hypothetical ●C.imaginary ●D.assumed 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government granted us_()to build the school. 2.She received a(拨款to study abroad 3.The success of the experiment depends on everyone's()of time and effort 4.He won the400-meter_(接力赛)at the sports meeting. 5.What_(标准)do you use to judge a good book? 3.三、首字母填空 1.Don't take his help for g_ 2.Please r the message to the rest of the team. 3.The computer processes the iquickly. 4.We pthat the war would come to an end soon 5.Let's consider a hscenario where the Earth stops rotating 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He deserves_(praise))for his hard work.(提示：两种形式) 2.She decided to resign from(committee). 3.The issue deserves (discuss)further. 4.The teacher asked us to input the (data)into the system. 5.Political(stable)is important for economic development. 5.参考答案 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.C3.A4.A5B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.permission 2.grant 3.input 4.relay 5.criteria ·三、首字母填空 1.granted 2.relay 3.inputs 4.prayed 5.hypothetical ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.praising/to be praised 2.the committee 3.discussing 4.data 5.stability