精品解析：上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷

上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考 英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A reporter. B. An athlete. C. A fisherman. D. A teacher. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: What was the best moment of the race for you? M: Oh, when I rushed to the finishing line, of course. Q: What is the man’s occupation? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To try his luck at another restaurant. B. To book a table for Tuesday. C. To book a smaller table. D. To cancel his dinner plans. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: I would like to book a table for Monday. W: I am afraid we are fully booked, sir. How about the day after? Q: What does the woman advise the man to do? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Formal clothing is preferred. B. The man is doing a decent job. C. The dress code always goes wrong. D. Wearing a dress won’t be a wrong choice. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Would you tell me the dress code here? W: You will never go wrong in a decent suit. Q: What does the woman imply? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To a bank. B. To Macao. C. To a travel agency. D. To a gymnasium. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I need some cash for my trip to Macao tomorrow. I will run and get some. W: I will go with you. I need some fresh air and exercise. Q: Where will the speakers probably go right now? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He has a bad cough. B. He has a headache. C. He doesn’t feel very well. D. He has a toothache. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: What’s wrong with you, young man? M: I don’t know whether it’s a fever. I feel terribly tired, but I don’t have a cough or headache.Q: What’s wrong with the man? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. When she will return home. B. Whether she can go by herself. C. Whether she can travel by air. D. When she will completely recover. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: My mother is 75 and I’m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk? W: Not if her heart is all right. Q: What does the man want to know about his mother? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Their son’s health. B. Their son’s studies. C. Their son’s school. D. Their son’s bed. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I was upset about our son’s condition. He hasn’t been to school for days. M: It is typical for one to lie in bed for several days when infected with the flu. Q: What are they talking about? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Cook dinner. B. Wash dishes. C. Clean the house. D. Press clothes. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: If only I could have a robot! M: Why? You want it to cook dinner, wash dishes or clean the house for you? W: None of them. I want it to iron clothes for me. Q: What does the woman want the robot to do for her? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The man did not trust the doctor. B. The man took the medicine three times a day. C. The medicine the man took wasn’t effective. D. The man didn’t follow the doctor’s instructions. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: You see I still have this pain in my back. This medicine the doctor gave me was supposed to make me feel better by now. W: Maybe you should have taken it three times a day as you were told. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To urge Jenny to spend more time on her study. B. To help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams. C. To talk with Jenny’s teacher. D. To send Jenny to a volleyball training center. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m worried about Jenny’s schoolwork. All she talks about these days is volleyball games and all she does is practice, training and things like that. W: Her grades on the coming exams will fall for sure. It’s high time we talked to her. Q: What are the speakers probably going to do? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. They cooked a meal excellently with given ingredients. B. They were recommended by Manchester Restaurant. C They were asked to replace two former high quality chefs. D. They were selected by the school’s parents’ board. 12. A. The cost of the meal has risen. B. Some pupils complained about the meal. C. Children get bored with the meals at home. D. The chefs can’t handle so many meals a day. 13. A. Because they are from a famous restaurant. B. Because they pay attention to what pupils like. C. Because they are highly paid. D. Because they are good at communicating with parents. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】 Listeners, you will envy the pupils of Loreto High School as these days, thanks to two new excellent chefs in the school kitchen, they enjoy potato salad, or Thai-style fishcakes. And although meals are five-star quality, they cost only £2.35. After students complained about boring lunch, the school recently called in Adam Leavy and Sukhdev Singh, both formerly from the famous Manchester Restaurant. The two chefs had to go through a competition against other top quality chefs, each cooking up a two-course meal from the ingredients given to them.11 And the pair impressed the judges so much that Headmaster Peter Tite instantly hired them, and now the children are fed with smoked beef and fish with lemon for just £2.35 a day. The chefs cook up to 500 meals a day. Now, all the kids are excited about dining at school and the only problem now is that parents have to keep up with the chefs’ high standards when cooking for their children at home.12 One mother said: “My son used to complain that the food at school was boring. Now he comes home and turns his nose up at the burger I make.” Besides excellent cooking skills, the most important secret to the chefs’ success lies in their attention on students’ preference.13 Every week they do some small testers to see students’ reaction. Through the test, they know what food would win over students and they put it on the menu. No wonder the new lunch has given the whole school a lift with only the price of £2.35. Questions: How was the two new chefs employed by Loreto High school? What is the problem these two chefs bring? Why are the chefs so successful? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Teachers. B. Officials. C. Doctors. D. Farmers. 15. A. Because they cannot find the furniture they like at the market. B. Because they don’t want to buy qualify furniture. C. Because they needn’t take pains to move their furniture. D. Because renting furniture is fashionable at present. 16. A. A New Trend — the Renting of Home Furnishings B. Some Suggestions About Renting Home Furnishings C. How to Furnish Your House Attractively D. Advantages of Renting Home Furnishings 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 【解析】 【原文】 When John and Victoria Church arrived in New York from London for a one-year stay, they brought no furniture with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a way of furnishing an apartment or a house that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses. Why do people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? Many people, whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another, find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy. Those include international business, government officials, airline workers, young married couples. Besides, young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they will soon grow to dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they rent. And people whose work takes them from place to place save themselves the trouble of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new home. Questions: According to the passage, who are more likely to rent furnishings? Why do people who move frequently rent furnishings? What might be the best title for the passage? 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Because the books there are old and cheap. B. Because she enjoy watching people reading. C. Because she’s interested in what people used to read. D. Because she likes children’s stories. 18. A. It is an old book. B. Its publication year is a mystery. C. It’s a mystery published six years ago. D. It’s cheaper than the poetry book. 19. A. Because she is interested in poetry books. B. Because there is a Shakespeare’s signature on it. C. Because she wants to give it as a present to someone. D. Because she thinks the book may have a value. 20. A. He believes the poetry book will make the woman rich. B. He doesn’t think the poetry book is worth the price. C. He thinks the poetry book is worth seventy-five cents. D. He thinks she’d better buy the seventy-five-cent mystery. 【答案】17. C 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: I enjoy going through secondhand bookstores. It’s interesting to see what people used to enjoy reading. Did you see this old book of children’s stories? M: Some of these books aren’t so old, though. See? This mystery was published only six years ago. It costs seventy-five cents. You can’t beat that! W: Hey! Look at this! M: What? Are you getting interested in poetry books all of a sudden? W: No. Look at the inscription! Someone gave this book as a present, and wrote a note on the inside of the front cover. It was dated 1893. Maybe it’s worth something. M: Everything on this shelf is worth fifty cents. W: But if this is a signature of someone who is well-known, it might bring a lot more. I hear William Shakespeare’s signature is worth about a million dollars. M: Oh, I can hardly read what one says. Who wrote it? W: The name looks like “Harold Dobson,” maybe “Dobbins”? Wasn’t he a politician or something? I’m going to buy this book and see if I can find a name like that in the library. M: Good luck! Your poetry book may make you rich, but I’ll bet my seventy-five-cent mystery is a better buy. Questions Why does the woman like going through secondhand bookstores? What can we know about the man’s purchase? Why does the woman want to buy the poetry book? What’s the man’s opinion on the woman’s choice? Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Jia Guolong, founder of Xibei, a popular restaurant chain known for its northwestern Chinese cuisine, announced that he ____21____ (open) the kitchens of the chain’s 370-plus outlets in China ____22____ consumers could inspect them — and verify his earlier claim that they do not use yuzhicai or pre-made dishes. He, however, likely did not expect the exact opposite effect ____23____ would have. Taking Jia up on his offer, reporters and visitors livestreamed their kitchen tours, discovering packaged frozen items ____24____ fish, meat, and soup with shelf lives of up to two years. The revelations further fueled public resistance to the restaurant. “I watched the livestream — the lamb chops have a shelf life of 24 months!” read ____25____ (liked) comment under Xibei’s official account on microblogging platform Weibo on September 12, the first day of its open-kitchen show. “The roasted fish is frozen too, and lasts for 12 months! If this does not count as pre-made, then nothing does.” Another phrase circulating online drove the point home: “One-year-old kids eat two-year-old broccoli,” ridiculing the shelf life of frozen broccoli ____26____ (use) in the chain’s children’s meal sets, one of its specialties alongside northwestern Chinese dishes. The resistance was triggered by Luo Yonghao, ____27____ top livestreamer. After dining at a Xibei restaurant on September 10, the celebrity entrepreneur criticized it for selling “almost all pre-made, and expensive, dishes,” adding it was “truly disgusting” and urging national rules ____28____ (establish) to require clear labeling. Jia, however, maintained that his stores do not serve pre-made dishes, a claim supported by many industry insiders who cited a 2024 notice, which defines yuzhicai as meals made from agricultural products ____29____ undergo industrial pre-processing and require heating, explicitly excluding frozen staples, instant meals, and some central-kitchen-prepared foods — the very types of ingredients Xibei uses. These guidelines differ from traditional ideas of _____30_____ constitutes fresh and healthy ingredients. Jia said that Xibei’s daily turnover _____31_____ drop by 2-3 million yuan after complaints. The fallout has wider industry impacts, as 85% of yuzhicai output goes to restaurants. While more consumers accept pre-prepared food for its convenience and affordability, trust remains low due to scandals and poor transparency. In September, for instance, Shanghai parents reported odd-smelling shrimp and frozen meat with long shelf lives in school meals. Five days after Luo’s post, Xibei apologized, _____32_____ (promise) fresh on-site cooking and safer ingredients. 【答案】21. would open 22. so that 23. it 24. such as 25. the most liked 26. used 27. a 28. to be established##be established##should be established 29. that##which 30. what 31. might##could 32. promising 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了西贝创始人贾国龙开放厨房以证未使用预制菜，却被记者和参观者在直播中发现有保质期较长的冷冻包装食品，引发公众抵制。 【21题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：西贝是一家以西北菜闻名的热门连锁餐厅，其创始人贾国龙宣布，他将开放该连锁店在中国370多家门店的厨房，以便消费者可以检查这些厨房，并验证他之前所说的他们不使用预制菜或预加工菜肴的说法。根据announced可知，此处表示从过去看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，其结构为“would +动词原形”，所以填would open。故填would open。 【22题详解】 考查连词。句意：西贝是一家以西北菜闻名的热门连锁餐厅，其创始人贾国龙宣布，他将开放该连锁店在中国370多家门店的厨房，以便消费者可以检查这些厨房，并验证他之前所说的他们不使用预制菜或预加工菜肴的说法。“open the kitchens of the chain’s 370 - plus outlets in China”的目的是“consumers could inspect them”，所以用so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”。故填so that。 【23题详解】 考查代词。句意：然而，他可能没有预料到这会产生完全相反的效果。此处指代前文提到的“open the kitchens”这件事，用it。故填it。 【24题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：记者和参观者接受了贾国龙的提议，对他们参观厨房的过程进行了直播，发现了包装好的冷冻食品，如鱼、肉和汤，保质期长达两年。此处列举冷冻食品的种类，用such as，意为“例如”。故填such as。 【25题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：9月12日，也就是开放厨房展示的第一天，在微博平台上西贝官方账号下一条点赞最多的评论写道：“我看了直播——羊排的保质期是24个月！”根据语境及常识，此处表示众多评论中“点赞最多的”，应用形容词最高级，like的过去分词转化为形容词，为liked（受喜爱的），其最高级为the most liked。故填the most liked。 【26题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：网上流传的另一句话切中要害：“一岁的孩子吃两岁的西兰花”，这是在嘲笑该连锁店儿童套餐中使用的冷冻西兰花的保质期，儿童套餐是其与西北菜并列的特色菜品之一。句中已有谓语动词was，此处应用非谓语动词，frozen broccoli与use之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词used作后置定语修饰frozen broccoli。故填used。 【27题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这场抵制是由顶级主播罗永浩引发的。此处表示泛指“一位顶级主播”，top是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【28题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：9月10日，这位明星企业家在西贝餐厅用餐后，批评该餐厅出售“几乎全是预制菜，而且价格昂贵”，并补充说这“真的很恶心”，并敦促制定国家规定，要求明确标注。urge sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“敦促某人做某事”，此处表示“敦促国家规定被制定”，应用动词不定式的被动形式to be established；此处也可以理解为宾语从句，在表示“建议、要求、命令”等意义的动词后，从句中谓语动词可用“(should) +动词原形”，所以也可填be established。故填to be established/be established/should be established。 【29题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，贾国龙坚称他的门店不提供预制菜，许多业内人士也支持这一说法，他们引用了2024年的一份通知，该通知将预制菜定义为经过工业预处理并需要加热的农产品制成的食品，明确排除了冷冻主食、即食食品和一些中央厨房准备的食品——而这些正是西贝使用的食材类型。此处为定语从句，先行词是agricultural products，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【30题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这些指导方针与传统观念中构成新鲜健康食材的概念不同。“________ constitutes fresh and healthy ingredients”作介词of的宾语，为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，所以用what引导。故填what。 【31题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：贾国龙表示，投诉发生后，西贝的日营业额可能会下降200 - 300万元。根据语境，此处表示一种可能性，用might或could，意为“可能”。故填might/could。 【32题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在罗永浩发文五天后，西贝道歉，承诺现场新鲜烹饪和使用更安全的食材。句中已有谓语动词apologized，此处应用非谓语动词，Xibei与promise之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词promising作状语，表示伴随。故填promising。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) 选词填空 A. boast B. draw C. furnish D. advanced  AB. informed AC. conceal AD. contrast BC. appealing BD. boom CD. prompting ABC. bagging The benefits of Doing a Master’s Degree are Smaller than They Appear For young people with big ambitions, ____33____ a bachelor’s degree no longer seems enough. Students in America have been rushing into postgraduate courses, even as demand for higher education among the general public has declined. These days nearly 40% of university-educated Americans ____34____ at least two degrees. In Britain a surge in demand from foreign students has created a huge ____35____ in postgraduate education. Universities there now give out four postgraduate qualifications for every five undergraduate ones. Master’s degrees lasting one or two years are the biggest ____36____. These courses are necessary for jobs, such as teaching in academia, that are ____37____ even if poorly paid. Yet many of the people who enroll in postgraduate study are taking part in an educational arms race. Now that undergraduate degrees are common, goes the thinking, it takes extra credentials to get ahead. The hope is that ____38____qualifications will boost all manner of careers. This is frequently an error. Fresh data allow researchers to ____39____ the earnings of postgraduates with those of equally capable peers who possess only bachelor’s degrees. A British study reveals that, on average, obtaining a master’s degree barely affects income by age 35. Subpar university results and excessively high qualifications ought to raise concerns among students and policymakers. While investing in skills promotes growth, doing so through ineffective universities is counterproductive. Poor-quality courses burden students with debt, and taxpayers also bear the brunt. Governments act in two ways. First, abandon policies distorting postgraduate markets. America’s unlimited loans fuel university fee increases, reducing student returns. Britain restricts undergraduate fee rises, ____40____ universities to expand costly, sometimes questionable, postgraduate programs to cover costs. Governments’ second priority is to ____41____ students with data, enabling them to make wise choices. There’s a big gap between high-paying master’s degrees, such as computer science, and less profitable fields like English. Additionally, tuition fees for similar programs differ widely across institutions. Nevertheless, postgraduate applicants encounter more difficulties in obtaining ____42____ insights into dropout rates and future earnings than undergraduate candidates. 【答案】33 ABC 34. A 35. BD 36. B 37. BC 38. D 39. AD 40. CD 41. C 42. AB 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了硕士学位价值被高估的现象，指出尽管攻读研究生人数激增，但许多硕士学位对收入提升作用有限，并分析了政府政策扭曲和学生信息不对称等问题。 【33题详解】 考查动名词。句意：对于有远大抱负的年轻人来说，仅仅获得学士学位似乎已经不够了。“____ a bachelor’s degree”作主语，结合“ For young people with big ambitions”可推知，有远大抱负的年轻人是要获得学士学位，用动词“bag”，意为“获得，取得”，用动名词形式作主语。故选项ABC。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：如今，近40%受过大学教育的美国人拥有至少两个学位。根据“university-educated Americans”和“at least two degrees”可知，受过大学教育的美国人拥有至少两个学位，用动词“boast”作谓语动词，意为“有拥有(值得自豪的东西)”，描述一般情况用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故选项A。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：在英国，外国学生需求的激增在研究生教育领域引发了一场巨大繁荣。根据“a surge in demand”可知，需求的激增导致研究生教育的快速发展。用名词“boom”作宾语，意为“繁荣，迅速发展”。故选项BD。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：持续一至两年的硕士学位是最大的吸引力。根据“These courses are necessary for jobs, such as teaching in academia, that are ____ even if poorly paid.”可知，这些课程对某些职业是必需的，因此具有吸引力。用名词“draw”作表语，意为“有吸引力的人或事物”。故选项B。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些课程对于某些工作(如学术界教学)来说是必需的，这些工作即使报酬不高，也仍然令人向往。根据“even if poorly paid”的让步关系可推知，这些工作本身是值得追求或受人尊敬的。用形容词“appealing”作表语，意为“有吸引力的，令人向往的”。故选项BC。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人们希望，更高级的资格证能促进各种职业的发展。根据上文“extra credentials”和“qualifications”可知，人们认为更高级的资格证有助于职业发展。用形容词“advanced”作定语，意为“高级的，先进的”，修饰“qualifications”，指高级学位或资格。故选项D。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：新的数据使研究人员能够将研究生的收入与那些只有学士学位但能力相当的同伴的收入进行对比。根据“the earnings of postgraduates with those of equally capable peers”可知，此处是比较两组人的收入，动词“contrast”意为“对比，对照”，用原形构成不定式作宾语补足语。故选项AD。 【40题详解】 考查动词的现在分词。句意：英国限制本科学费上涨，促使大学扩展成本高昂、有时甚至质量存疑的研究生课程以弥补成本。根据“Britain restricts undergraduate fee rises”和“universities to expand costly, sometimes questionable, postgraduate programs to cover costs”可推知，限制本科学费上涨这一政策导致了大学扩展研究生课程这一结果，用动词“prompt”，意为“促使，导致”，用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故选项CD。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：政府的第二个优先事项是向学生提供数据，使他们能够做出明智的选择。根据“students with data”可知，指为学生提供数据。动词“furnish”意为“提供，供应”，用原形构成不定式作表语。故选项C。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管如此，研究生申请者在获取关于辍学率和未来收入的信息时，比本科生候选人遇到更多困难。根据“insights into dropout rates and future earnings”可知，指基于信息的、明智的见解或信息。形容词“informed”意为“基于信息的，有根据的”，修饰名词“insights”，符合语境。故选项AB。 (B) 选词填空 A. lift B. player C. apply D. equip AB. marvelous AC. dip AD. species BC. round BD. practically CD. examples ABC. particularly Have you ever thought about your hands? After millions of years of evolution, they have developed into a ____43____ useful part of our body. With our hands, we developed the first tools and learned to make fire and, today — capable of many tasks — our hands ____44____ us for modern life. The key ____45____ in the evolution of the human hand is the opposable thumb. “Opposable” in this case means that the thumb can be placed opposite the other fingers on the same hand, and touch each of them. Most primates have opposable thumbs. Some more surprising animals, such as koala and giant panda, also benefit from this useful digit. Nonetheless, out of all these different ____46____, humans can reach their thumb the farthest across their hands. Opposable thumbs evolved about 2.6 million years ago when humans began using stone tools more frequently. They are so useful that during the Gallic Wars, Julius Caesar made ____47____ of captured soldiers by cutting their thumbs so that they could not hold weapons. Without opposable thumbs, our ancestors would not have been able to drive our species forward. On the contrary, our ring finger is considered the least useful. If you place the knuckle (关节) of your middle finger and your remaining fingertips on a surface, you will find that you cannot ____48____ your ring finger. This is because its tendons (肌腱) are connected to those of the middle finger. While the ring finger is the weakest, it is also the gentlest, so it is recommended that we use it to ____49____ skin care products, like eye cream. Our fingers are a ____50____ interesting part of our body as they do not have any muscles. Instead, they are moved by muscles in the palm and the mid-forearm which are connected to the fingers by the tendons. The palm side of the hand is unique because it is one of the few areas of the body without any hair (along with our lips and the soles of our feet), and is usually unable to tan. From tools to texting, hands have played, and continue to play, an essential role in human evolution and development, including construction of some of the world’s most ____51____ creations and advanced technologies. To continue such hand-some handy work, we must look after this precious part of our body. Ladies and gentlemen, a ____52____ of applause for our wonderful hands... Oh, wait — they are doing that, too. 【答案】43. BD 44. D 45. B 46. AD 47. CD 48. A 49. C 50. ABC 51. AB 52. BC 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍人类双手的进化与特点，重点讲解对生拇指的重要作用、无名指的特殊性，强调双手对人类发展意义重大，值得我们珍惜。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：经过数百万年的进化，它们已经发展成为我们身体中一个非常实用的组成部分。根据“useful part of our body”以及句意“非常”可知应填副词practically，修饰形容词useful。故选BD。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们用双手创造出最早的工具，学会生火；而如今，凭借能胜任诸多工作的双手，我们得以适应现代生活。根据“us for modern life”以及句意表示“具备”可知应填动词equip，故选D。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：在人类手部进化过程中，起关键作用的是那灵活可动的拇指。根据“in the evolution of the human hand is the opposable thumb”以及句意“作用”可知应填名词player，作主语。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，在所有这些不同的“物种”中，人类的拇指在手掌上的伸展距离是最长的。根据“such as koala and giant panda”以及句意“物种”可知应填名词species，故选AD。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们用途如此之广，以至于在高卢战争期间，尤利乌斯·恺撒会将俘虏士兵的拇指切断，以此作为惩罚，这样他们就无法握持武器了。根据“of captured soldiers by cutting their thumbs so that they could not hold weapons”以及句意“惩罚某人以儆效尤”可知短语为make examples of sb.。故选CD。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果你将中指的指尖和其余手指放在一个平面上，你会发现无法抬起无名指。根据“your ring finger”以及句意“抬起”可知应填动词lift，且cannot后跟动词原形。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然无名指是最脆弱的，但它也是最柔软的，因此建议我们用它来涂抹护肤品，比如眼霜。根据“skin care products, like eye cream”以及句意“涂抹”可知应填动词apply，此处为不定式作目的状语，故选C。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们的手指是身体尤为特别的部位，因为它们本身没有任何肌肉。根据“interesting part of our body as they do not have any muscles”以及句意“尤为”可知应填副词particularly，修饰形容词interesting。故选ABC。 【51题详解】 考查形容词。句意：从工具到短信交流，双手在人类的进化和发展过程中一直发挥着至关重要的作用，包括参与建造了世界上一些最令人惊叹的建筑和先进的技术。根据“令人惊叹的”以及句意“creations and advanced technologies”可知应填形容词marvelous，作定语修饰名词creations。故选AB。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：女士们、先生们，让我们为我们那双出色的双手热烈鼓掌……根据“for our wonderful hands”以及句意“一阵掌声”可知短语为a round of applause，故选BC。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) Learning to Let Go of My Adult Kids, Again When it had been more than two days since I’d heard from my young adult children — Zoe, 26 and Isaac, 23 — I really missed them and sent a text to our family chat: “Smoke signals, please.” My request, which the kids have grown used to receiving, was met with a ____53____ emoji of a puff of smoke from my son and a picture of Taco Bell from my daughter. I know full well that in 21st century America, I am not the only parent tearing her hair out. ____54____, my children understand that I need messages into the digital night that say “We’re all OK.” When my husband and I first encountered empty-nest syndrome (综合症), all I could do was to hang around miserably. But after a while there was also an obvious ____55____; we were able to once again to live as we pleased, just as we did before we invited children into our home as penniless strangers who could neither speak our language nor do anything for themselves. For a while, both generations were busy enjoying unrestricted ____56____, which we shared with each other during holidays and family vacations. Covid, of course, changed all that. First Zoe came home from Washington D.C. and ended up working ____57____ from our living room couch for 14 months while her dad wrote magazine articles on his blue easy chair directly across the carpet. Isaac finished his junior year online behind the closed doors of his childhood bedroom. I’m sure any New Yorker who stayed in the city remembers the sirens day and night, stores closed, nervous people carefully venturing out, masked and ____58____, to find food and supplies. But weirdly, for our fortunate family, there was some pleasure in our new form of house ____59____. Yes, we were stuck together in a small space, Zoe and Isaac really missed their own lives and ____60____, and we definitely drove one another crazy. But unlike when these grown-up kids were little kids living at home, when we all had school and office ____61____ — I taught in a graduate program in the evenings — we now had family dinner every night. No longer were meals a catch-as-catch-can of who was home at whatever time and a hodgepodge of takeout, pastas and salads. Now in this compulsory return of our family, my daughter became an accomplished ____62____. Her dad and I were happy to ____63____ the reins (掌控权). My son taught me the world history I’d skipped out on in high school, unwittingly helping me with the book I was attempting to write. It was a ____64____ chance for us parents to have that kind of family time again when we’d thought it was completely over. I’d always worried about the hours I missed with my offspring ____65____ my various jobs. Yes, we were scared about the present and the future, but at least we felt lucky to be with them again. But now that my two are back out in the world — as they should be! I’m realizing that part of what I felt when they were home was maybe less pleasure than ____66____. For the first time since they were little, I felt I could keep them safe. Believe me, I know in real life we can’t protect our kids forever and, in ____67____ ways, we never really could. The reality of what empty-nester 2.0 is all about is a mixture of denial and endless hope. It’s called letting go. I’m trying to. 53. A. disgusting B. reassuring C. impatient D. worrying 54. A. Fortunately B. Unexpectedly C. Accordingly D. Initially 55. A. disappointment B. excitement C. enlightenment D. embarrassment 56. A. finance B. power C. energy D. liberties 57. A. diligently B. independently C. remotely D. collaboratively 58. A. gloved B. concerned C. armed D. devoted 59. A. decoration B. hunting C. arrest D. insurance 60. A. pains B. apprehension C. capability D. independence 61. A. regulations B. accommodations C. commitments D. uniforms 62. A. employee B. chef C. daughter D. survivor 63 A. pick up B. hand over C. pull on D. tighten up 64. A. doubtful B. hard-earned C. rare D. diplomatic 65. A. except for B. regardless of C. because of D. instead of 66. A. burden B. achievement C. loneliness D. relief 67. A. specific B. subtle C. convenient D. profound 【答案】53. B 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. C 58. A 59. C 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. B 64. C 65. C 66. D 67. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因许久未收到成年子女消息而牵挂。疫情期间孩子回家同住，一家人享受了难得的团聚时光。如今孩子再次独立生活，作者学着放手，明白父母无法永远守护，要学会释怀。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的请求（孩子们已经习惯会收到这样的请求）得到了回应：儿子发来了一个表示烟雾缭绕的安心表情符号，而女儿则发来了塔可贝尔快餐店的图片。A. disgusting令人厌恶的；B. reassuring令人安心的；C. impatient不耐烦的；D. worrying令人担忧的。根据前文“I really missed them and sent a text to our family chat: “Smoke signals, please.””中妈妈说“发个信号报平安”，所以表情是安慰、安心的。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的孩子们明白，我需要孩子们在深夜通过电子方式给我发信息：“我们都很安全。”A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；C. Accordingly相应地；D. Initially最初。根据后文“my children understand that I need messages into the digital night that say “We’re all OK.””以及上下文是妈妈焦虑，孩子理解配合，这是幸运的事。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但过了一段时间，人们也明显地感受到了一种兴奋之情；我们又能够像以前那样随心所欲地生活了，就像当初我们把那些没有钱、不会说我们语言、也无法自理的陌生小宝宝接到家中抚养一样。A. disappointment失望；B. excitement兴奋；C. enlightenment启发；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据后文“we were able to once again to live as we pleased”可知，作者可以重新过自己的生活，这是思想上的醒悟。故选B。 【56题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间，两代人都沉浸在无拘无束的自由生活之中，而这种自由正是我们在节假日和家庭度假时共同享有的。A. finance财务；B. power权力；C. energy精力；D. liberties自由。根据上文“we were able to once again to live as we pleased”可知，两代人都享受无拘无束的自由。故选D。 【57题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，佐伊从华盛顿特区回到家后，便在我们家客厅的沙发上开始了为期14个月的远程工作，而她的父亲则坐在对面地毯上那把蓝色的安乐椅上，专心撰写杂志文章。A. diligently勤奋地；B. independently独立地；C. remotely远程地；D. collaboratively合作地。根据上文“Covid, of course, changed all that.(当然，新冠疫情彻底改变了这一切)”可知，此处指的是疫情期间，女儿在客厅沙发远程工作14个月。故选C。 【58题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信任何曾在纽约市居住过的人都会记得那充满警报声的日夜场景，商店纷纷关门，人们神情紧张，小心翼翼地外出采购食物和生活用品，他们戴着口罩、裹着手套。A. gloved戴手套的；B. concerned关心的；C. armed武装的；D. devoted献身的。根据上文“Covid, of course, changed all that.(当然，新冠疫情彻底改变了这一切)”以及“people carefully venturing out, masked and”可知，疫情期间，人们戴着口罩、手套出门。故选A。 【59题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但奇怪的是，对于我们这个幸运的家庭来说，这种新的“软禁”方式还是带来了一定的乐趣。A. decoration装饰；B. hunting狩猎；C. arrest拘留，逮捕；D. insurance保险。根据上文“Covid, of course, changed all that.(当然，新冠疫情彻底改变了这一切)”可知，作者认为疫情期间这种新型居家隔离反而有乐趣，house arrest表示“软禁、居家隔离”。故选C。 【60题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是的，我们被困在了一个狭小的空间里，佐伊和伊萨克真的怀念他们自己的生活和自由，而我们无疑也把对方逼疯了。A. pains痛苦；B. apprehension忧虑；C. capability能力；D. independence独立。根据上文“Zoe and Isaac really missed their own lives and”可知，成年孩子最看重独立生活。故选D。 【61题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但与这些孩子小时候还住在家里、我们大家都有上学和上班的安排的时候不同，如今我们一家人每晚都会一起吃晚餐，我当时则在晚上参与一个研究生课程的教学工作。A. regulations规定；B. accommodations住宿；C. commitments承诺、责任；D. uniforms制服。根据后文“I taught in a graduate program in the evenings”可知，以前他们都有上学、上班的责任。故选C。 【62题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，在我们家庭的这次“强制团聚”中，我的女儿成了一名出色的厨师。A. employee雇员；B. chef厨师；C. daughter女儿；D. survivor幸存者。根据上文“No longer were meals a catch-as-catch-can of who was home at whatever time and a hodgepodge of takeout, pastas and salads.(再也不会是那种随意拼凑、随随便便的用餐方式了，不再是根据谁在家的时间来决定吃什么，也不再是杂乱无章地混合着外卖食品、意大利面和沙拉的饮食模式了)”以及“we now had family dinner every night.”可知，一家人一起吃饭，女儿做饭水平提高，说明女儿成了一名出色的厨师。故选B。 【63题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲和我都很高兴将控制权交给了别人。A. pick up捡起；B. hand over移交；C. pull on穿上；D. tighten up收紧。根据后文“It’s called letting go.(这被称为放手)”可知，爸妈放手让孩子做主。故选B。 【64题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于我们这些父母来说，这是一个难得的机会，让我们得以再次拥有那样的家庭时光，而此前我们还以为这种时光已经一去不复返了。A. doubtful可疑的；B. hard-earned来之不易的；C. rare稀有的；D. diplomatic外交的。根据后文“when we’d thought it was completely over.”可知，他们以为这段时光彻底结束了，所以这是很珍贵、少见的。故选C。 【65题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我一直为因各种工作而错过的与子女相处的时光感到担忧。A. except for除了；B. regardless of不管；C. because of因为；D. instead of而不是。根据上文“I’d always worried about the hours I missed with my offspring”可知，作者一直后悔因为工作错过陪伴孩子的时间。故选C。 【66题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我渐渐意识到，当他们回家时，我所感受到的那种情绪，或许更多的是一种解脱感，而非单纯的愉悦感。A. burden负担；B. achievement成就；C. loneliness孤独；D. relief宽慰，解脱感。根据上文“I’m realizing that part of what I felt when they were home was maybe less pleasure than”可知，作者认为能守着孩子，感到安心、放心。故选D。 【67题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相信我，在现实生活中我们无法永远保护好我们的孩子，而且从深层次来讲，我们其实永远也无法做到这一点。A. specific具体的；B. subtle微妙的；C. convenient方便的；D. profound深刻的。根据后文“The reality of what empty-nester 2.0 is all about is a mixture of denial and endless hope. It’s called letting go. I’m trying to.(“空巢 2.0”现象的本质其实是一种既逃避现实又满怀希望的复杂状态。这被称为放手。而我正在努力做到这一点)”可知，在深刻的意义上，我们从来没法真正保护孩子。故选D。 (B) In recent years, the widespread ____68____ of mobile phones has extended to even the youngest members of society. Research conducted by Ofcom (英国通信管理局) has found that a surprising number of three-and four-year-olds have their own mobile phones, with a fifth of them owning one. These young children are already using these devices to ____69____ various online activities. The influence of YouTube among this age group is undeniable with 51% of them using the platform’s ____70____ children’s channel, and 38% of them possessing their own ____71____ YouTube profile. One of the most popular YouTube channels for these young children is Ryan’s World, a highly successful unboxing and educational channel hosted by 11-year-old Ryan Kaji, boasting an impressive 34 million ____72____. The implications of such early ____73____ to technology are a subject of great interest to educators and child psychologists. Nova Cobban, a former primary school teacher who worked with five- and six-year-olds, noticed a clear ____74____ among her young students based on their access to smartphones. Children who had access to YouTube and gaming platforms seemed more ____75____ and tired compared to their peers who did not engage with such technology. Dr. Pauldy Otermans, a senior lecturer in psychology at Brunel University London, believes that in the digital age, it is essential to teach children how to use digital tools ____76____. As mobile phones become increasingly prevalent in society, it may be ____77____ to expect children just a few years older than toddlers to have little to no contact with such devices. Proper guidance on their appropriate use becomes crucial. The debate on the appropriate ____78____ for children to have mobile phones and access to screens is ongoing. In 2019, the World Health Organization recommended that children under the age of two should avoid screens entirely, and children under five should be limited to just one hour of sedentary screen time daily. Research has linked ____79____ screen time in young children to delayed development. Despite these guidelines, there is no shared agreement among experts on how to respond to the growing prevalence of mobile phones among young children. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health ____80____ the WHO’s advice, arguing that it overlooks families in situations where outdoor play is not ____81____ accessible due to housing constraints. ____82____, the UK government’s chief medical officers stopped issuing specific guidance on optimal screen time for young children. 68. A. rejection B. adoption C. submission D. accumulation 69. A. engage in B. invest in C. specialize in D. tune in 70. A. random B. changeable C. dedicated D. flexible 71. A. simplified B. centralized C. civilized D. personalized 72. A. listeners B. spectators C. bystanders D. subscribers 73. A. exposure B. limitation C. response D. threat 74. A. harmony B. division C. argument D. prevalence 75. A. extracted B. bonded C. disconnected D. attached 76. A. responsibly B. actively C. collectively D. sensitively 77. A. sensible B. dramatic C. unrealistic D. feasible 78. A. guidance B. age C. platform D. response 79. A. limited B. accessible C. conventional D. excessive 80. A. challenged B. approved C. confirmed D. validated 81. A. hesitantly B. reluctantly C. readily D. hardly 82. A. In addition B. As a result C. In turn D. On the contrary 【答案】68. B 69. A 70. C 71. D 72. D 73. A 74. B 75. C 76. A 77. C 78. B 79. D 80. A 81. C 82. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来手机在幼儿中的普及情况及其影响，并探讨了儿童使用手机的适宜年龄和屏幕时间限制等问题。 【68题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：近年来，手机的广泛使用已经扩展到社会最年轻的成员。A. rejection拒绝；B. adoption采用，使用；C. submission提交；D. accumulation积累。根据后文“of mobile phones has extended to even the youngest members of society”可知，手机在社会中广泛普及，因此这里表示手机被广泛使用。故选B。 【69题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些幼儿已经在用这些设备参与各种在线活动。A. engage in参与；B. invest in投资；C. specialize in专门从事；D. tune in收听。根据后文“various online activities”可知，孩子们使用设备参与线上活动。故选A。 【70题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：YouTube在这一年龄段中的影响力是不可否认的，51%的人使用该平台的儿童专用频道，38%的人拥有自己的个性化YouTube资料。A. random随机的；B. changeable易变的；C. dedicated专用的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后文“children’s channel”可知，此处指专门面向儿童的频道。故选C。 【71题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. simplified简化的；B. centralized集中的；C. civilized文明的；D. personalized个性化的。根据后文“YouTube profile”可知，属于孩子自己、个性化的个人资料。故选D。 【72题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些幼儿中最受欢迎的YouTube频道之一是Ryan’s World，这是一个由11岁的Ryan Kaji主持的非常成功的开箱和教育频道，拥有令人印象深刻的3400万订阅者。A. listeners听众；B. spectators观众；C. bystanders旁观者；D. subscribers订阅者。根据上文“One of the most popular YouTube channels for these young children is Ryan’s World”可知，Ryan’s World是一个受欢迎的YouTube频道，因此有很多订阅者。故选D。 【73题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种早期接触科技的影响是教育工作者和儿童心理学家非常感兴趣的话题。A. exposure接触；B. limitation限制；C. response回应；D. threat威胁。根据后文“to technology”以及前文“a surprising number of three-and four-year-olds have their own mobile phones, with a fifth of them owning one”可知，三四岁孩子就使用手机、上网，这是过早接触科技产品。故选A。 【74题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nova Cobban曾是一名小学教师，教过五、六岁的孩子。她发现，能否接触智能手机，在她的学生中造成了明显的差异。A. harmony和谐；B. division差异；C. argument争论；D. prevalence流行。根据后文“Children who had access to YouTube and gaming platforms seemed more ______ and tired compared to their peers who did not engage with such technology.”可知，下文对比两类孩子的不同状态，可知学生之间存在明显差异。故选B。 【75题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与不使用这种技术的同龄人相比，能够使用YouTube和游戏平台的孩子似乎更心不在焉，更疲惫。A. extracted提取的；B. bonded结合的；C. disconnected心不在焉的，不连贯的；D. attached附加的。根据后文“and tired”可知，此处为负面状态，与疲惫并列，表示脱离现实、注意力不集中。故选C。 【76题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：伦敦布鲁内尔大学心理学高级讲师Pauldy Otermans博士认为，在数字时代，教孩子们如何负责任地使用数字工具是至关重要的。A. responsibly负责任地；B. actively积极地；C. collectively集体地；D. sensitively敏感地。根据前文“it is essential to teach children how to use digital tools”和后文“Proper guidance on their appropriate use becomes crucial.”可知，此处指教孩子们如何合理、负责任地使用电子产品。故选A。 【77题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着手机在社会中越来越普及，期望比幼儿大几岁的孩子不接触或很少接触这种设备可能是不现实的。A. sensible明智的；B. dramatic戏剧性的；C. unrealistic不现实的；D. feasible可行的。根据前文“As mobile phones become increasingly prevalent in society”和后文“to expect children just a few years older than toddlers to have little to no contact with such devices”可知，手机非常普及，完全不让孩子接触是不现实的。故选C。 【78题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于儿童拥有手机和接触屏幕的适宜年龄的争论仍在继续。A. guidance指导；B. age年龄；C. platform平台；D. response回应。根据后文“for children to have mobile phones and access to screens”、“children under the age of two should avoid screens entirely, and children under five should be limited to just one hour of sedentary screen time daily”可知，后文都在讨论适合使用电子产品的年龄，此处指关于儿童拥有手机和接触屏幕的适宜年龄的争论。故选B。 【79题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，幼儿过多的屏幕时间会导致发育迟缓。A. limited有限的；B. accessible可接近的；C. conventional传统的；D. excessive过多的。根据后文“screen time in young children to delayed development”可知，此处指幼儿过度使用屏幕造成危害。故选D。 【80题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：英国皇家儿科和儿童健康学院对世卫组织的建议提出质疑，认为该建议忽视了由于住房限制而无法轻易进行户外活动的家庭。A. challenged质疑；B. approved批准；C. confirmed确认；D. validated验证。根据后文“the WHO’s advice, arguing that it overlooks families in situations where outdoor play is not…accessible due to housing constraints”可知，该机构不认同 WHO 的建议并提出反驳、质疑。故选A。 【81题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. reluctantly不情愿地；C. readily容易地；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“due to housing constraints”可知，此处指由于住房限制而无法轻易进行户外活动的家庭。故选C。 【82题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，英国政府的首席医疗官停止发布关于幼儿最佳屏幕时间的具体指导。A. In addition此外；B. As a result因此；C. In turn轮流；D. On the contrary相反。根据上文“The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health ______ the WHO’s advice, arguing that it overlooks families in situations where outdoor play is not ______ accessible due to housing constraints.”和下文“the UK government’s chief medical officers stopped issuing specific guidance on optimal screen time for young children.”可知，两句都是机构不认同世卫组织指南，属于同一立场的补充信息，是并列、递进关系，用In addition。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I met a courteous human being in this modern era of the so-called Generation X. Recently, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being. I had gone to a fashionable coffee place, with two of my grown-up daughters. The place was crowded with the usual loud crowd and we had to climb a steep flight of stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we were walking down the steep stairs, where the narrow space made climbing down only possible in a single file, with hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down. Just as I was in the middle of the staircase, a gentleman entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase. I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man who would want to go up in a hurry. I kept coming down as fast as I could, holding on to the banister (扶手), in spite of my advanced years. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort. Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door, I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through. We admired his kindness for both, waiting for us to come down before going up himself and also holding the main entrance door open for us to go out. To date, I still remember this gentleman and pray to God to make more human beings like him. 83. Before she met the man in the restaurant, the author had thought ________. A. she didn’t belong to the Generation X B. having coffee in a fancy café was not her cup of tea C. there were few polite people in the modern society D. human beings were born courteous 84. In paragraph 2, the underlined phrase “in a single file” means that ________. A. climbing down the staircase was easy as long as we held the file in hand B. walking down the stairs was like walking on a document C. we needed permission from the restaurant owner before we walked down D. the staircase was so narrow that only one person was allowed at a time 85. What can we infer from the passage about the author? A. She was grateful to the man and directly expressed thanks to him. B. She was short-tempered and often walked very fast. C. She was a lady in her early thirties and was quite fit. D. She tended to feel nervous in some stressful situations. 86. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage? A. Rediscovering Grace in a Crowded World B. The Decline of the Generation X C. A Man of Mystery and Manners D. Strange Encounter at a Fancy coffee shop 【答案】83. C 84. D 85. D 86. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者原本认为现代社会中礼貌的人寥寥无几，却在一家拥挤的咖啡店偶遇一位十分有礼貌的绅士，他耐心等待作者一行人下楼、为其开门，这件事改变了作者的看法，让作者重新感受到了人性的优雅与善意。 【83题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I met a courteous human being in this modern era of the so-called Generation X.(我曾经认为礼貌已是过去式。在这个所谓的 X 世代的现代社会，我很少遇到有礼貌的人)”可知，这两句话直接表明作者在遇见这位绅士前的观点——现代社会里有礼貌的人非常少。故选C。 【84题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段末句画线词前面的“After enjoying coffee and snacks, we were walking down the steep stairs(在享用咖啡和点心后，我们走下那段陡峭的楼梯)”、“the narrow space(狭窄的空间)”以及其后的“with hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down(几乎没有空间让另一个人上下楼)”可知，由于楼梯狭窄，人们无法并排走下去，画线部分in a single file应包含此意。故选D。 【85题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort.(我的女儿们已经下到楼下，忧心忡忡地抬头看着我，她们知道我是个容易紧张的人，希望我能在那个陌生人开始上楼梯之前走到她们身边)”可推断，作者在有压力的情境下容易感到紧张。故选 D。 【86题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I met a courteous human being in this modern era of the so-called Generation X.(我曾经认为礼貌已是过去式。在这个所谓的 X 世代的现代社会，我极少遇到有礼貌的人)”、第二段中的“Recently, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being.(最近，当我亲身遇到这样一位有礼貌的人时，我不得不改变了自己的想法)”、第四段中的“I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through.(我把这件事告诉了女儿们，我们三人都因未曾向那位有礼貌的绅士道谢而感到愧疚，他其实一直扶着门，让我们几位女士先行通过)”以及末段“We admired his kindness for both, waiting for us to come down before going up himself and also holding the main entrance door open for us to go out. To date, I still remember this gentleman and pray to God to make more human beings like him.(我们敬佩他的这份善意——他不仅等我们全部下楼后才上楼，还一直扶着正门的门，让我们顺利走出去。直到今天，我依然记得这位绅士，祈祷上帝能造就更多像他一样的人)”可知，文章以作者对礼貌的看法转变为主线，从最初认为现代社会无礼貌，到在拥挤的咖啡店偶遇绅士的礼貌行为，重新发现了礼貌与优雅的存在，这是文章的核心主旨。A项表示“在拥挤的世界中重新发现优雅”，契合全文的主旨，可作为本文的标题。故选A。 (B) The secret history of spies You might have seen spies in movies, dressed in cool outfits and using high-tech gadgets, but did you know that spying has been around for thousands of years? Check out this timeline to learn about spies from different periods in history. 1. ca (大约) 3100 B.C. -332 B.C. Ancient Egyptian spies were some of the first to use poison to get the job done. To silence their enemies, they used killer methods which included poisons from plants and snakes. 2. ca 1185-1600 The Japanese used spies called ninjas. These ninjas were experts in gathering secret information from enemies and competitors. They were trained since childhood in sneaking around and assassinating, but female ninjas would sneak into enemy locations by dressing up as dancers or servants. 3. ca 1325-1521 Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s now central Mexico. They were nicknamed “mice” because they worked at night to hide while spying. Their job was really dangerous, because if they got caught, they could be enslaved or even killed. That’s why they were paid more than most Aztec workers. 4. 1573 to 1590 Sir Francis Walsingham helped protect Queen Elizabeth I of England by creating a network of spies. They were skilled at reading coded letters and secretly opening and resealing envelopes containing information. 5. 1775-1783 Before he became president of what would soon become the United States, George Washington had a group of spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revolutionary War. One of its members, Anna Strong, sent coded messages through her laundry. She hung clothes according to color and number to tell soldiers where secret messages were hidden. For example, a black dress and two handkerchiefs might have meant “check the second closest river.” 6. 1861-1865 Harriet Tubman is famous for helping enslaved people in the United States escape North, where slavery was illegal. But she was also a spy during the Civil War. She made maps of the land so northern troops could safely travel through Southern states. 7. 1960s During the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (now Russia), spy activities on both sides increased. To help, intelligence agencies developed sneaky gadgets for spies to eavesdrop and collect information. One popular device was the buttonhole camera, which could be controlled-from inside a coat pocket. It allowed spies to secretly take a photo by opening a fake button on the coat. 8. 1916 During World War Ⅰ, there was a Dutch dancer called Mata Hari. She accepted an assignment to spy for France in 1916 but actually worked for their enemy, Germany. She was found guilty of telling the Germans secrets about a new weapon that the French were using — the tank — and was put to death in 1917. 9. 2024 Today, spies don’t even need to leave their homes to collect secret information. They use computer programs called spyware from anywhere in the world to track activity and access top- secret information on faraway devices such as computers, tablets and smartphones. Many companies consider cyber espionage to be their number-one threat. 87. Aztec spies were nicknamed “mice” due to their ______. A. small and quick movements B. nighttime activities for spying C. expertise in hiding in dark places D. use of underground spaces for secret operations 88. Which of the following spies used secret codes to send messages to fellow spies? A. Mata Hari B. Harriet Tubman C. Anna Strong D. Sir Francis Walsingham 89. What can we know about spies throughout history? A. Spying bas been around for a thousand years. B. Modem spies depend heavily on cool tools and outfits for the operations. C. The ways of spying have remained unchanged throughout history. D. Different cultures had their own spies with unique methods. 【答案】87. B 88. C 89. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史上不同时期、不同国家的间谍。 【87题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中第三部分的句子“Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s now central Mexico. They were nicknamed “mice” because they worked at night to hide while spying.(阿兹特克间谍，被称为quimichtin，生活在现在的墨西哥中部。他们的绰号是“老鼠”，因为他们在夜间工作，在间谍活动中隐藏起来。)”可知，阿兹特克间谍被称为“老鼠”是因为他们在夜间进行间谍活动。故选B项。 【88题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中第五部分的句子“Before he became president of what would soon become the United States, George Washington had a group of spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revolutionary War. One of its members, Anna Strong, sent coded messages through her laundry. She hung clothes according to color and number to tell soldiers where secret messages were hidden.(在乔治·华盛顿成为即将成为美国的总统之前，他在独立战争期间有一群被称为卡尔珀间谍网的间谍。其中一名成员安娜·斯特朗通过她的洗衣店发送编码信息。她把衣服按照颜色和号码挂起来，告诉士兵秘密信息藏在哪里。)”可知，安娜·斯特朗使用密码向其他间谍发送信息。故选C项。 【89题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章介绍的不同时期、不同国家的间谍可知，他们都有自己独特的从事间谍工作的方式。故选D项。 (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 90. In the opening paragraph the author introduces his topic by ___________. A. making a conclusion B. justifying an assumption C. explaining a phenomenon D. making a comparison 91. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B. feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 92. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A. prefer grapes to cucumbers B. can be taught to exchange things C. will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D. are unhappy when separated from others 93. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. 【答案】90. D 91. B 92. C 93. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal对雌性卷尾猴进行的一项研究，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务”的价值。 【90题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’ with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.(这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’，其言下之意就是动物是不可能产生这种微妙的不满。但是美国佐治亚州亚特兰大市Emory大学Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal最近在《自然》上发表了一项研究，这项研究认为猴子也有类似的‘太猴子化’的行为)”可知，第一段提到人会因为不公平而愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会，下文就猴子也会因不公平而愤怒展开，所以本段是通过作比较引入主题。故选D项。 【91题详解】 句意理解题。根据第一段中“Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’(事实上，如果他还有偷懒的名声，那么你甚至有可能会勃然大怒。这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’)”及第一段末尾的“as well(也)”可知，人会因不公平而感到愤怒，“it is all too monkey(太猴子化)”意思是猴子和人一样，痛恨不公平也是猴子的本性，故选B项。 【92题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.(这种合作只有在每一只猴子都感觉它没有被欺骗的情况下才可能保持稳定)”可知，该研究发现，如果猴子感觉被欺骗，就不会合作。故选C项。 【93题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.(然而，到底这样的公平意识是人类和卷尾猴各自形成的，还是因为二者在3500万年前有一个共同的祖先造成的，目前还没有答案)”可知，人类的义愤起源不确定，故选B项。 (D) What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it — they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are structural, and will take many years to solve. But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak (暗淡的) view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise, but it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions. The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular? Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment — in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious. I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.” A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a financial stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs — and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers. But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling (损害) our economy and society. So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse — a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed. 94. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment? A. Self-evident. B. Thought-provoking. C. Groundless. D. Objective. 95. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression? A. The booming defense industry. B. The wise heads’ benefit package. C. Nationwide training of workers. D. Thorough restructuring of industries. 96. What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply? A. Economists, failure to detect the problems in time. B. Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy. C. Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries. D. Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts. 97. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To confirm the experts’ analysis of America’s problems. B. To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment C. To show the urgent need for the government to take action. D. To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation. 【答案】94. C 95. A 96. D 97. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对失业问题的观点和专家主张进行的批评，作者认为专家关于失业问题的结构性观点没有根据，而失业问题实际上是需求不足导致的，呼吁政府迅速采取行动来解决失业问题。 【94题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are structural, and will take many years to solve.(对于大规模失业，我们能做些什么?所有聪明人都同意：没有快速或简单的答案。有工作要做，但工人们还没有准备好——他们在错误的地方，或者他们有错误的技能。我们的问题是结构性的，需要很多年才能解决。)”和第二段的“But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise, but it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions. (但不要费心去寻找证明这种悲观观点的证据。没有证据。相反，所有的事实都表明，美国的高失业率是需求不足的结果。说没有简单的答案听起来很明智，但实际上很愚蠢：如果我们有清晰的思想和采取行动的政治意愿，我们的失业危机可以很快得到解决。换句话说，结构性失业是一个假问题，它主要是不寻求真正解决办法的借口。)”可知，作者认为高失业率是由于需求不足所导致的，而不是工人适应能力或技能问题等结构性问题，即作者对专家关于失业问题的主张持怀疑态度，认为这些主张没有根据。故选C。 【95题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a financial stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers.(几年后，大规模的国防建设终于为经济需求提供了足够的财政刺激——突然间，工业部门渴望雇佣那些“适应能力和培训不足”的工人。) ”可知，大规模的国防建设为经济提供了足够的财政刺激，使得工业界渴望雇佣那些“适应能力和培训不足”的工人，即在大萧条期间，蓬勃发展的国防工业帮助降低了失业率。故选A。 【96题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and society.(但现在，和当时一样，强大的力量在意识形态上反对政府采取足够规模的行动来启动经济的整个想法。从根本上说，这就是为什么我们面临巨大结构性问题的说法越来越多：它们为我们提供了一个理由，让我们对正在削弱我们经济和社会的大规模失业无所作为。)”可知，声称存在巨大的结构性问题的原因是有强大的力量反对政府在足够规模上采取行动来刺激经济。故选D。 【97题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed. (所以你需要知道的是，没有任何证据支持这些说法。我们并没有缺乏必要的技能：我们正因缺乏政策决心而受苦。正如我所说，结构性失业并不是一个真正的问题，它只是一个借口——一个在迫切需要采取行动的时候不采取行动解决美国问题的理由。)”可知，作者认为结构性失业的观点是一个借口，主要用于不去追求真正的解决方案，作者呼吁迅速行动，以智慧和政治意愿来迅速解决失业危机。即作者写这篇文章的目的是要表明政府迫切需要采取行动来解决美国的大规模失业问题。故选C。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. We live in an era of unprecedented information growth. Downloading all available data today would take over 180 million years, with over 1 trillion megabytes of new information generated daily. Despite this abundance and the rise of artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT, significant innovation has stalled since the Age of Insight over 120 years ago. ______98______ Innovation, whether large or small, begins with a new idea—a moment of insight. These insights emerge when our brains forge new connections between existing and new information, fueling creativity across fields like finance, marketing, politics, writing, and production. Within organizations, insights are vital for learning, training, coaching, and driving change, shaping how we perceive and interact with the world. To accelerate innovation, we must increase both the quantity and quality of insights. Research shows that insights arise from subtle signals just below conscious awareness. Practices like taking breaks or avoiding distractions from social media can enhance the likelihood of these moments. ______99______Creating space for reflection is essential to fostering more insights. Beyond quantity, improving the quality of insights is crucial. Evaluating and sorting ideas can be challenging without clear methods. ______100______ Level 5 insights—marked by intense emotions, motivation, and lasting impact—hold the greatest significance. For example, a Level 1 insight might occur casually and fade quickly, while a Level 5 insight, such as a career-changing realization, can profoundly alter one’s life. The scale evaluates five elements: emotions, motivation, memory advantage, aftershocks, and subsequent ideas. ______101______ By applying it, organizations can refine communication, marketing, and learning strategies. Testing messaging approaches with the scale helps identify ideas that generate strong insights, increasing action and information sharing among customers. In short, insights drive innovation and address challenges. By nurturing these moments of connection, we unlock potential for growth and change. A. However, the constant flood of alerts and content from technology makes finding quiet contemplation increasingly difficult. B. Insights are essential for engagement, innovation, and behavior change, making the Eureka Scale valuable for assessing organizational performance. C. Similarly, effective learning and leadership initiatives can be measured for their impact on participant growth. D. Today, we are often overwhelmed by the sheer volume of data, struggling to identify which ideas can drive meaningful progress and address society’s greatest challenges E. The Eureka Scale offers a way to value and foster insights, propelling engagement, innovation, and behavior change. F. The Eureka Scale, introduced in 2015, provides a five-point framework to measure insight strength. 【答案】98. D 99. A 100. F 101. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，聚焦当今信息爆炸但重大创新停滞的现象，阐述了洞察力是创新的源头，介绍了提升洞察力数量与质量的方法，并重点讲解了用于衡量洞察力强度的“尤里卡量表”，说明其在个人成长、企业管理与策略制定中的重要作用。 【98题详解】 根据上文“We live in an era of unprecedented information growth. Downloading all available data today would take over 180 million years, with over 1 trillion megabytes of new information generated daily. Despite this abundance and the rise of artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT, significant innovation has stalled since the Age of Insight over 120 years ago.(我们生活在一个信息增长前所未有的时代。如今下载所有可获取的数据需要超过1.8亿年的时间，每天都会产生超过1万亿兆字节的新信息。 尽管信息如此丰富，而且像ChatGPT这样的人工智能工具也在兴起，但自120多年前的洞察时代以来，重大的创新已经陷入停滞)”可知，空格处需要解释“信息多却创新停滞”的矛盾。D选项“Today, we are often overwhelmed by the sheer volume of data, struggling to identify which ideas can drive meaningful progress and address society’s greatest challenges（如今，我们常常被海量数据淹没，难以找出哪些想法能推动有意义的进步、应对社会最大的挑战)”承接上文，点明问题所在，符合语境。故选 D 项。 【99题详解】 根据上文“Practices like taking breaks or avoiding distractions from social media can enhance the likelihood of these moments.(诸如休息、避免社交媒体干扰等做法能提高这些（洞察）时刻出现的概率)”以及下文“Creating space for reflection is essential to fostering more insights.(为思考留出空间对于培养更多洞察力至关重要)”可知，空格处需要说明现实中很难做到安静思考。A选项“However, the constant flood of alerts and content from technology makes finding quiet contemplation increasingly difficult.(然而，来自科技的不断推送的提醒和内容，让安静沉思变得越来越难)”与上下文形成转折与对比，逻辑通顺，符合语境。故选 A 项。 【100题详解】 根据上文“Evaluating and sorting ideas can be challenging without clear methods.(没有清晰的方法，评估和整理想法会很困难)”以及下文“Level 5 insights—marked by intense emotions, motivation, and lasting impact—hold the greatest significance.(五级洞察力以强烈的情感、动力和持久影响为标志，意义最为重大)”可知，空格处需要引出衡量洞察力的工具。F选项“The Eureka Scale, introduced in 2015, provides a five-point framework to measure insight strength.(2015年推出的尤里卡量表提供了一个五点框架来衡量洞察力的强度)”承上启下，引出后文的等级说明，符合语境。故选 F 项。 【101题详解】 根据下文“By applying it, organizations can refine communication, marketing, and learning strategies.(通过应用它，机构/企业可以优化沟通、营销和学习策略)”可知，空格处需要总结该量表的价值。B选项“Insights are essential for engagement, innovation, and behavior change, making the Eureka Scale valuable for assessing organizational performance.(洞察力对于参与度、创新和行为改变至关重要，这使得尤里卡量表对评估机构表现很有价值)”总领本段，点明量表的作用，与后文内容高度契合，符合语境。故选 B 项。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 102. 唯有持之以恒的努力，你方能成就非凡事业。(persist)（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Only by persisting in making your efforts can you achieve extraordinary success. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词，动词和倒装句。“唯有……你方能”用Only+状语位于句首的部分倒装句表示为only by...can you...，“有持之以恒的努力”即“坚持付出努力”用persist in doing sth表示，“付出努力”表示为make your efforts，介词后用动名词作宾语，“成就”用动词achieve表示，情态动词后跟动词原形，“非凡事业”即“非凡的成功”表示为extraordinary success。故译为Only by persisting in making your efforts can you achieve extraordinary success. 103. 自律的美德不仅塑造了我的价值观，还让我在失败后成功重新站了起来。(manage) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The virtue of self-discipline (has) not only shaped my values but also (has) enabled me to manage to rise/stand up again after failure. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。“不仅……而且……”常见表达为not only...but also... ，连接两个并列的谓语动词，句子强调对现在产生的影响，可使用现在完成时。也可以表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；“自律的美德”，“美德”是virtue，“自律”是self - discipline，即The virtue of self - discipline；“塑造”表达为shape ，“价值观”是values 。 “让某人做某事”表达为enable sb. to do sth.；“设法做成某事”用manage to do sth.，“重新站起来”可表达为rise/stand up again ，“在失败后”是after failure。 故译为The virtue of self-discipline (has) not only shaped my values but also (has) enabled me to manage to rise/stand up again after failure. 104. 依靠捐赠方的资金，这家非营利组织发射了通信卫星，给偏远地区提供了免费服务。（launch) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Relying on funds from donors, this non-profit organization launched the communications satellite, providing free services to remote regions. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“依靠捐赠方的资金”为短语rely on funds from donors，与主语“这家非营利组织”翻译为this non-profit organization，构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；表示“发射”为动词launch；表示“通信卫星”为the communications satellite；表示“给偏远地区提供了免费服务”翻译为provide free services to remote regions，与communications satellite构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为Relying on funds from donors, this non-profit organization launched the communications satellite, providing free services to remote regions. 105. 正是苏超联赛（Jiangsu City Football League）的持续举办，才对推动足球文化发展、提升青少年足球参与度产生了深远影响。(difference) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is the ongoing/continuous organization of the Jiangsu City Football League that has made a profound difference to promoting football culture and increasing youth/teenager engagement. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句和时态。本句为强调句 “It is +被强调部分+ that +其他部分”；“持续的” 可表达为 ongoing或 continuous；“举办” 在这里用名词形式 organization；“对……产生深远影响” 固定短语为 make a profound difference to...，其中 to 为介词，后接动词 -ing 形式；“推动足球文化发展” 即 “促进足球文化”，“促进” 用 promote，变为 -ing 形式 promoting football culture；“提升” 用 increase，“青少年参与度” 表达为 youth/teenager engagement。that之后的句子陈述过去对现在造成的影响，为现在完成时。故译为It is the ongoing/continuous organization of the Jiangsu City Football League that has made a profound difference to promoting football culture and increasing youth/teenager engagement. 106. 一个野生动物保护组织的成功与其说在于先进的技术设备，不如说在于团队成员之间的紧密协作与有效沟通。(consist， as...as) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The success of a wildlife conservation organization consists not so much as in advanced technological equipment as in the close collaboration/cooperation and effective communication among team members. The success of a wildlife conservation organization does not consist as much in advanced technological equipment as in the close collaboration/cooperation and effective communication among team members. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词短语和时态。主语“一个野生动物保护组织的成功”可译为“the success of a wildlife conservation organization”；谓语“在于”可使用动词短语“consist in”，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式consists in；“与其说……不如说……”可使用复合连词“not so much as...as...”，宾语“先进的技术设备”可译为“advanced technological equipment”，宾语“团队成员之间的紧密协作与有效沟通”可译为“the close collaboration/cooperation and effective communication among team members”。综上，全句译为：The success of a wildlife conservation organization consists not so much as in advanced technological equipment as in the close collaboration/cooperation and effective communication among team members. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考 英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A reporter. B. An athlete. C. A fisherman. D. A teacher. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To try his luck at another restaurant. B. To book a table for Tuesday. C. To book a smaller table. D. To cancel his dinner plans. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Formal clothing is preferred. B. The man is doing a decent job. C. The dress code always goes wrong. D. Wearing a dress won’t be a wrong choice. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To a bank. B. To Macao. C. To a travel agency. D. To a gymnasium. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He has a bad cough. B. He has a headache. C. He doesn’t feel very well. D. He has a toothache. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. When she will return home. B. Whether she can go by herself. C. Whether she can travel by air. D. When she will completely recover. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Their son’s health. B. Their son’s studies. C. Their son’s school. D. Their son’s bed. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Cook dinner. B. Wash dishes. C. Clean the house. D. Press clothes. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The man did not trust the doctor. B. The man took the medicine three times a day. C. The medicine the man took wasn’t effective. D. The man didn’t follow the doctor’s instructions. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To urge Jenny to spend more time on her study. B. To help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams. C. To talk with Jenny’s teacher. D. To send Jenny to a volleyball training center. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. They cooked a meal excellently with given ingredients. B. They were recommended by Manchester Restaurant. C. They were asked to replace two former high quality chefs. D. They were selected by the school’s parents’ board. 12 A. The cost of the meal has risen. B. Some pupils complained about the meal. C. Children get bored with the meals at home. D. The chefs can’t handle so many meals a day. 13. A. Because they are from a famous restaurant. B. Because they pay attention to what pupils like. C. Because they are highly paid. D Because they are good at communicating with parents. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Teachers. B. Officials. C. Doctors. D. Farmers. 15. A. Because they cannot find the furniture they like at the market. B. Because they don’t want to buy qualify furniture. C. Because they needn’t take pains to move their furniture. D. Because renting furniture is fashionable at present. 16. A. A New Trend — the Renting of Home Furnishings B. Some Suggestions About Renting Home Furnishings C. How to Furnish Your House Attractively D. Advantages of Renting Home Furnishings 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17 A. Because the books there are old and cheap. B. Because she enjoy watching people reading. C. Because she’s interested in what people used to read. D. Because she likes children’s stories. 18. A. It is an old book. B. Its publication year is a mystery. C. It’s a mystery published six years ago. D. It’s cheaper than the poetry book. 19. A. Because she is interested in poetry books. B. Because there is a Shakespeare’s signature on it. C. Because she wants to give it as a present to someone. D. Because she thinks the book may have a value. 20. A. He believes the poetry book will make the woman rich. B. He doesn’t think the poetry book is worth the price. C. He thinks the poetry book is worth seventy-five cents. D. He thinks she’d better buy the seventy-five-cent mystery. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Jia Guolong, founder of Xibei, a popular restaurant chain known for its northwestern Chinese cuisine, announced that he ____21____ (open) the kitchens of the chain’s 370-plus outlets in China ____22____ consumers could inspect them — and verify his earlier claim that they do not use yuzhicai or pre-made dishes. He, however, likely did not expect the exact opposite effect ____23____ would have. Taking Jia up on his offer, reporters and visitors livestreamed their kitchen tours, discovering packaged frozen items ____24____ fish, meat, and soup with shelf lives of up to two years. The revelations further fueled public resistance to the restaurant. “I watched the livestream — the lamb chops have a shelf life of 24 months!” read ____25____ (liked) comment under Xibei’s official account on microblogging platform Weibo on September 12, the first day of its open-kitchen show. “The roasted fish is frozen too, and lasts for 12 months! If this does not count as pre-made, then nothing does.” Another phrase circulating online drove the point home: “One-year-old kids eat two-year-old broccoli,” ridiculing the shelf life of frozen broccoli ____26____ (use) in the chain’s children’s meal sets, one of its specialties alongside northwestern Chinese dishes. The resistance was triggered by Luo Yonghao, ____27____ top livestreamer. After dining at a Xibei restaurant on September 10, the celebrity entrepreneur criticized it for selling “almost all pre-made, and expensive, dishes,” adding it was “truly disgusting” and urging national rules ____28____ (establish) to require clear labeling. Jia, however, maintained that his stores do not serve pre-made dishes, a claim supported by many industry insiders who cited a 2024 notice, which defines yuzhicai as meals made from agricultural products ____29____ undergo industrial pre-processing and require heating, explicitly excluding frozen staples, instant meals, and some central-kitchen-prepared foods — the very types of ingredients Xibei uses. These guidelines differ from traditional ideas of _____30_____ constitutes fresh and healthy ingredients. Jia said that Xibei’s daily turnover _____31_____ drop by 2-3 million yuan after complaints. The fallout has wider industry impacts, as 85% of yuzhicai output goes to restaurants. While more consumers accept pre-prepared food for its convenience and affordability, trust remains low due to scandals and poor transparency. In September, for instance, Shanghai parents reported odd-smelling shrimp and frozen meat with long shelf lives in school meals. Five days after Luo’s post, Xibei apologized, _____32_____ (promise) fresh on-site cooking and safer ingredients. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) 选词填空 A. boast B. draw C. furnish D. advanced  AB. informed AC. conceal AD. contrast BC. appealing BD. boom CD. prompting ABC. bagging The benefits of Doing a Master’s Degree are Smaller than They Appear For young people with big ambitions, ____33____ a bachelor’s degree no longer seems enough. Students in America have been rushing into postgraduate courses, even as demand for higher education among the general public has declined. These days nearly 40% of university-educated Americans ____34____ at least two degrees. In Britain a surge in demand from foreign students has created a huge ____35____ in postgraduate education. Universities there now give out four postgraduate qualifications for every five undergraduate ones. Master’s degrees lasting one or two years are the biggest ____36____. These courses are necessary for jobs, such as teaching in academia, that are ____37____ even if poorly paid. Yet many of the people who enroll in postgraduate study are taking part in an educational arms race. Now that undergraduate degrees are common, goes the thinking, it takes extra credentials to get ahead. The hope is that ____38____qualifications will boost all manner of careers. This is frequently an error. Fresh data allow researchers to ____39____ the earnings of postgraduates with those of equally capable peers who possess only bachelor’s degrees. A British study reveals that, on average, obtaining a master’s degree barely affects income by age 35. Subpar university results and excessively high qualifications ought to raise concerns among students and policymakers. While investing in skills promotes growth, doing so through ineffective universities is counterproductive. Poor-quality courses burden students with debt, and taxpayers also bear the brunt. Governments act in two ways. First, abandon policies distorting postgraduate markets. America’s unlimited loans fuel university fee increases, reducing student returns. Britain restricts undergraduate fee rises, ____40____ universities to expand costly, sometimes questionable, postgraduate programs to cover costs. Governments’ second priority is to ____41____ students with data, enabling them to make wise choices. There’s a big gap between high-paying master’s degrees, such as computer science, and less profitable fields like English. Additionally, tuition fees for similar programs differ widely across institutions. Nevertheless, postgraduate applicants encounter more difficulties in obtaining ____42____ insights into dropout rates and future earnings than undergraduate candidates. (B) 选词填空 A. lift B. player C. apply D. equip AB. marvelous AC. dip AD. species BC. round BD. practically CD. examples ABC. particularly Have you ever thought about your hands? After millions of years of evolution, they have developed into a ____43____ useful part of our body. With our hands, we developed the first tools and learned to make fire and, today — capable of many tasks — our hands ____44____ us for modern life. The key ____45____ in the evolution of the human hand is the opposable thumb. “Opposable” in this case means that the thumb can be placed opposite the other fingers on the same hand, and touch each of them. Most primates have opposable thumbs. Some more surprising animals, such as koala and giant panda, also benefit from this useful digit. Nonetheless, out of all these different ____46____, humans can reach their thumb the farthest across their hands. Opposable thumbs evolved about 2.6 million years ago when humans began using stone tools more frequently. They are so useful that during the Gallic Wars, Julius Caesar made ____47____ of captured soldiers by cutting their thumbs so that they could not hold weapons. Without opposable thumbs, our ancestors would not have been able to drive our species forward. On the contrary, our ring finger is considered the least useful. If you place the knuckle (关节) of your middle finger and your remaining fingertips on a surface, you will find that you cannot ____48____ your ring finger. This is because its tendons (肌腱) are connected to those of the middle finger. While the ring finger is the weakest, it is also the gentlest, so it is recommended that we use it to ____49____ skin care products, like eye cream. Our fingers are a ____50____ interesting part of our body as they do not have any muscles. Instead, they are moved by muscles in the palm and the mid-forearm which are connected to the fingers by the tendons. The palm side of the hand is unique because it is one of the few areas of the body without any hair (along with our lips and the soles of our feet), and is usually unable to tan. From tools to texting, hands have played, and continue to play, an essential role in human evolution and development, including construction of some of the world’s most ____51____ creations and advanced technologies. To continue such hand-some handy work, we must look after this precious part of our body. Ladies and gentlemen, a ____52____ of applause for our wonderful hands... Oh, wait — they are doing that, too. Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) Learning to Let Go of My Adult Kids, Again When it had been more than two days since I’d heard from my young adult children — Zoe, 26 and Isaac, 23 — I really missed them and sent a text to our family chat: “Smoke signals, please.” My request, which the kids have grown used to receiving, was met with a ____53____ emoji of a puff of smoke from my son and a picture of Taco Bell from my daughter. I know full well that in 21st century America, I am not the only parent tearing her hair out. ____54____, my children understand that I need messages into the digital night that say “We’re all OK.” When my husband and I first encountered empty-nest syndrome (综合症), all I could do was to hang around miserably. But after a while there was also an obvious ____55____; we were able to once again to live as we pleased, just as we did before we invited children into our home as penniless strangers who could neither speak our language nor do anything for themselves. For a while, both generations were busy enjoying unrestricted ____56____, which we shared with each other during holidays and family vacations. Covid, of course, changed all that. First Zoe came home from Washington D.C. and ended up working ____57____ from our living room couch for 14 months while her dad wrote magazine articles on his blue easy chair directly across the carpet. Isaac finished his junior year online behind the closed doors of his childhood bedroom. I’m sure any New Yorker who stayed in the city remembers the sirens day and night, stores closed, nervous people carefully venturing out, masked and ____58____, to find food and supplies. But weirdly, for our fortunate family, there was some pleasure in our new form of house ____59____. Yes, we were stuck together in a small space, Zoe and Isaac really missed their own lives and ____60____, and we definitely drove one another crazy. But unlike when these grown-up kids were little kids living at home, when we all had school and office ____61____ — I taught in a graduate program in the evenings — we now had family dinner every night. No longer were meals a catch-as-catch-can of who was home at whatever time and a hodgepodge of takeout, pastas and salads. Now in this compulsory return of our family, my daughter became an accomplished ____62____. Her dad and I were happy to ____63____ the reins (掌控权). My son taught me the world history I’d skipped out on in high school, unwittingly helping me with the book I was attempting to write. It was a ____64____ chance for us parents to have that kind of family time again when we’d thought it was completely over. I’d always worried about the hours I missed with my offspring ____65____ my various jobs. Yes, we were scared about the present and the future, but at least we felt lucky to be with them again. But now that my two are back out in the world — as they should be! I’m realizing that part of what I felt when they were home was maybe less pleasure than ____66____. For the first time since they were little, I felt I could keep them safe. Believe me, I know in real life we can’t protect our kids forever and, in ____67____ ways, we never really could. The reality of what empty-nester 2.0 is all about is a mixture of denial and endless hope. It’s called letting go. I’m trying to. 53. A. disgusting B. reassuring C. impatient D. worrying 54. A. Fortunately B. Unexpectedly C. Accordingly D. Initially 55. A. disappointment B. excitement C. enlightenment D. embarrassment 56. A. finance B. power C. energy D. liberties 57. A. diligently B. independently C. remotely D. collaboratively 58. A. gloved B. concerned C. armed D. devoted 59. A. decoration B. hunting C. arrest D. insurance 60. A. pains B. apprehension C. capability D. independence 61. A. regulations B. accommodations C. commitments D. uniforms 62. A. employee B. chef C. daughter D. survivor 63. A. pick up B. hand over C. pull on D. tighten up 64. A. doubtful B. hard-earned C. rare D. diplomatic 65. A. except for B. regardless of C. because of D. instead of 66. A. burden B. achievement C. loneliness D. relief 67. A. specific B. subtle C. convenient D. profound (B) In recent years, the widespread ____68____ of mobile phones has extended to even the youngest members of society. Research conducted by Ofcom (英国通信管理局) has found that a surprising number of three-and four-year-olds have their own mobile phones, with a fifth of them owning one. These young children are already using these devices to ____69____ various online activities. The influence of YouTube among this age group is undeniable, with 51% of them using the platform’s ____70____ children’s channel, and 38% of them possessing their own ____71____ YouTube profile. One of the most popular YouTube channels for these young children is Ryan’s World, a highly successful unboxing and educational channel hosted by 11-year-old Ryan Kaji, boasting an impressive 34 million ____72____. The implications of such early ____73____ to technology are a subject of great interest to educators and child psychologists. Nova Cobban, a former primary school teacher who worked with five- and six-year-olds, noticed a clear ____74____ among her young students based on their access to smartphones. Children who had access to YouTube and gaming platforms seemed more ____75____ and tired compared to their peers who did not engage with such technology. Dr. Pauldy Otermans, a senior lecturer in psychology at Brunel University London, believes that in the digital age, it is essential to teach children how to use digital tools ____76____. As mobile phones become increasingly prevalent in society, it may be ____77____ to expect children just a few years older than toddlers to have little to no contact with such devices. Proper guidance on their appropriate use becomes crucial. The debate on the appropriate ____78____ for children to have mobile phones and access to screens is ongoing. In 2019, the World Health Organization recommended that children under the age of two should avoid screens entirely, and children under five should be limited to just one hour of sedentary screen time daily. Research has linked ____79____ screen time in young children to delayed development. Despite these guidelines, there is no shared agreement among experts on how to respond to the growing prevalence of mobile phones among young children. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health ____80____ the WHO’s advice, arguing that it overlooks families in situations where outdoor play is not ____81____ accessible due to housing constraints. ____82____, the UK government’s chief medical officers stopped issuing specific guidance on optimal screen time for young children. 68. A. rejection B. adoption C. submission D. accumulation 69. A. engage in B. invest in C. specialize in D. tune in 70. A. random B. changeable C. dedicated D. flexible 71. A. simplified B. centralized C. civilized D. personalized 72. A. listeners B. spectators C. bystanders D. subscribers 73. A. exposure B. limitation C. response D. threat 74. A. harmony B. division C. argument D. prevalence 75. A. extracted B. bonded C. disconnected D. attached 76. A. responsibly B. actively C. collectively D. sensitively 77. A. sensible B. dramatic C. unrealistic D. feasible 78. A. guidance B. age C. platform D. response 79. A. limited B. accessible C. conventional D. excessive 80. A. challenged B. approved C. confirmed D. validated 81. A. hesitantly B. reluctantly C. readily D. hardly 82. A. In addition B. As a result C. In turn D. On the contrary Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I met a courteous human being in this modern era of the so-called Generation X. Recently, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being. I had gone to a fashionable coffee place, with two of my grown-up daughters. The place was crowded with the usual loud crowd and we had to climb a steep flight of stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we were walking down the steep stairs, where the narrow space made climbing down only possible in a single file, with hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down. Just as I was in the middle of the staircase, a gentleman entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase. I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man who would want to go up in a hurry. I kept coming down as fast as I could, holding on to the banister (扶手), in spite of my advanced years. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort. Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door, I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through. We admired his kindness for both, waiting for us to come down before going up himself and also holding the main entrance door open for us to go out. To date, I still remember this gentleman and pray to God to make more human beings like him. 83. Before she met the man in the restaurant, the author had thought ________. A. she didn’t belong to the Generation X B. having coffee in a fancy café was not her cup of tea C. there were few polite people in the modern society D human beings were born courteous 84. In paragraph 2, the underlined phrase “in a single file” means that ________. A. climbing down the staircase was easy as long as we held the file in hand B. walking down the stairs was like walking on a document C. we needed permission from the restaurant owner before we walked down D. the staircase was so narrow that only one person was allowed at a time 85. What can we infer from the passage about the author? A. She was grateful to the man and directly expressed thanks to him. B. She was short-tempered and often walked very fast. C. She was a lady in her early thirties and was quite fit. D. She tended to feel nervous in some stressful situations. 86. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage? A. Rediscovering Grace in a Crowded World B. The Decline of the Generation X C. A Man of Mystery and Manners D. Strange Encounter at a Fancy coffee shop (B) The secret history of spies You might have seen spies in movies, dressed in cool outfits and using high-tech gadgets, but did you know that spying has been around for thousands of years? Check out this timeline to learn about spies from different periods in history. 1. ca (大约) 3100 B.C. -332 B.C. Ancient Egyptian spies were some of the first to use poison to get the job done. To silence their enemies, they used killer methods which included poisons from plants and snakes. 2. ca 1185-1600 The Japanese used spies called ninjas. These ninjas were experts in gathering secret information from enemies and competitors. They were trained since childhood in sneaking around and assassinating, but female ninjas would sneak into enemy locations by dressing up as dancers or servants. 3. ca 1325-1521 Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s now central Mexico. They were nicknamed “mice” because they worked at night to hide while spying. Their job was really dangerous, because if they got caught, they could be enslaved or even killed. That’s why they were paid more than most Aztec workers. 4. 1573 to 1590 Sir Francis Walsingham helped protect Queen Elizabeth I of England by creating a network of spies. They were skilled at reading coded letters and secretly opening and resealing envelopes containing information. 5. 1775-1783 Before he became president of what would soon become the United States, George Washington had a group of spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revolutionary War. One of its members, Anna Strong, sent coded messages through her laundry. She hung clothes according to color and number to tell soldiers where secret messages were hidden. For example, a black dress and two handkerchiefs might have meant “check the second closest river.” 6. 1861-1865 Harriet Tubman is famous for helping enslaved people in the United States escape North, where slavery was illegal. But she was also a spy during the Civil War. She made maps of the land so northern troops could safely travel through Southern states. 7. 1960s During the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (now Russia), spy activities on both sides increased. To help, intelligence agencies developed sneaky gadgets for spies to eavesdrop and collect information. One popular device was the buttonhole camera, which could be controlled-from inside a coat pocket. It allowed spies to secretly take a photo by opening a fake button on the coat. 8. 1916 During World War Ⅰ, there was a Dutch dancer called Mata Hari. She accepted an assignment to spy for France in 1916 but actually worked for their enemy, Germany. She was found guilty of telling the Germans secrets about a new weapon that the French were using — the tank — and was put to death in 1917. 9. 2024 Today, spies don’t even need to leave their homes to collect secret information. They use computer programs called spyware from anywhere in the world to track activity and access top- secret information on faraway devices such as computers, tablets and smartphones. Many companies consider cyber espionage to be their number-one threat. 87. Aztec spies were nicknamed “mice” due to their ______. A. small and quick movements B. nighttime activities for spying C. expertise in hiding in dark places D. use of underground spaces for secret operations 88. Which of the following spies used secret codes to send messages to fellow spies? A. Mata Hari B. Harriet Tubman C. Anna Strong D. Sir Francis Walsingham 89. What can we know about spies throughout history? A. Spying bas been around for a thousand years. B. Modem spies depend heavily on cool tools and outfits for the operations. C. The ways of spying have remained unchanged throughout history. D. Different cultures had their own spies with unique methods. (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 90. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ___________. A. making a conclusion B. justifying an assumption C. explaining a phenomenon D. making a comparison 91. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B. feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 92. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A. prefer grapes to cucumbers B. can be taught to exchange things C. will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D. are unhappy when separated from others 93. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. (D) What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it — they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are structural, and will take many years to solve. But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak (暗淡的) view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise, but it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions. The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular? Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment — in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious. I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.” A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a financial stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs — and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers. But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling (损害) our economy and society. So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse — a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed. 94. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment? A. Self-evident. B. Thought-provoking. C. Groundless. D. Objective. 95. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression? A. The booming defense industry. B. The wise heads’ benefit package. C. Nationwide training of workers. D. Thorough restructuring of industries. 96. What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply? A. Economists, failure to detect the problems in time. B. Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy. C. Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries. D. Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts. 97. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To confirm the experts’ analysis of America’s problems. B. To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment C. To show the urgent need for the government to take action. D To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. We live in an era of unprecedented information growth. Downloading all available data today would take over 180 million years, with over 1 trillion megabytes of new information generated daily. Despite this abundance and the rise of artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT, significant innovation has stalled since the Age of Insight over 120 years ago. ______98______ Innovation, whether large or small, begins with a new idea—a moment of insight. These insights emerge when our brains forge new connections between existing and new information, fueling creativity across fields like finance, marketing, politics, writing, and production. Within organizations, insights are vital for learning, training, coaching, and driving change, shaping how we perceive and interact with the world. To accelerate innovation, we must increase both the quantity and quality of insights. Research shows that insights arise from subtle signals just below conscious awareness. Practices like taking breaks or avoiding distractions from social media can enhance the likelihood of these moments. ______99______Creating space for reflection is essential to fostering more insights. Beyond quantity, improving the quality of insights is crucial. Evaluating and sorting ideas can be challenging without clear methods. ______100______ Level 5 insights—marked by intense emotions, motivation, and lasting impact—hold the greatest significance. For example, a Level 1 insight might occur casually and fade quickly, while a Level 5 insight, such as a career-changing realization, can profoundly alter one’s life. The scale evaluates five elements: emotions, motivation, memory advantage, aftershocks, and subsequent ideas. ______101______ By applying it, organizations can refine communication, marketing, and learning strategies. Testing messaging approaches with the scale helps identify ideas that generate strong insights, increasing action and information sharing among customers. In short, insights drive innovation and address challenges. By nurturing these moments of connection, we unlock potential for growth and change. A. However, the constant flood of alerts and content from technology makes finding quiet contemplation increasingly difficult. B. Insights are essential for engagement, innovation, and behavior change, making the Eureka Scale valuable for assessing organizational performance. C. Similarly, effective learning and leadership initiatives can be measured for their impact on participant growth. D. Today, we are often overwhelmed by the sheer volume of data, struggling to identify which ideas can drive meaningful progress and address society’s greatest challenges E. The Eureka Scale offers a way to value and foster insights, propelling engagement, innovation, and behavior change. F. The Eureka Scale, introduced in 2015, provides a five-point framework to measure insight strength. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 102. 唯有持之以恒的努力，你方能成就非凡事业。(persist)（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 103. 自律的美德不仅塑造了我的价值观，还让我在失败后成功重新站了起来。(manage) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 104. 依靠捐赠方的资金，这家非营利组织发射了通信卫星，给偏远地区提供了免费服务。（launch) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 105. 正是苏超联赛（Jiangsu City Football League）的持续举办，才对推动足球文化发展、提升青少年足球参与度产生了深远影响。(difference) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 106. 一个野生动物保护组织的成功与其说在于先进的技术设备，不如说在于团队成员之间的紧密协作与有效沟通。(consist， as...as) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Listening comprehension section a directions in section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, what was the best moment of the race for you? Oh. when I rushed to the finishing line, of course. question, what is the man's occupation? Too, I would like to book a table for monday. I am . afraid we are fully booked. Sir, how about the day after question? What does the woman advise the man to do? Three, would you tell me the dress code here? You will never go wrong in a . decent suit. Question, what does the woman imply? For I need some cash for my trip to macao tomorrow. I will run and get some. I will go with you. I need some fresh air and exercise. Question, where will the speakers probably go right now? Five, what's wrong with you, Young man? I don't . know whether it's a fever. I feel terribly tired, but I don't have a call for headache. Question, what's wrong with the man? Six, my mother is seventy five, and i'm worried about her going on plane. Is there any risk? Not if her heart is alright. Question, what does the man want to know about his mother? Seven, I was upset about our son's condition. He hasn't been to school for days. IT is typical for one to line in bed for several days when infected with the flu. Question, what are they talking about? Eight, if only I could have a robot. Why you wanted to cook dinner, wash dishes or clean the house for you. None of them. I want you to iron close for me. Question, what does the woman want the robot to do for her? Nine, you see, I still have this pain in my back. This medicine the doctor gave me was supposed to make me feel Better by now. Maybe you should have taken IT three times a day as you were told. Question, what can we learn from the conversation? Ten, i'm worried about Jenny's school work all SHE talks about these days as volya all games and all he does this practice, training and things like that. Her grades on the coming exams will fall for sure. It's high time we talk to her question. What are the speakers probably going to do? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be ask several questions on each of the conversation, and the passages, the passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Listeners, you will envy the pupils of the to high school as these days, thanks to two new excEllent chefs in the school kitchen, they enjoy potato salad or high style fish cakes, and although meals are five star quality, they cost only two point three five pounds. After students complained about boring lunch, the school recently called in adam levy and suk dev, seen both formerly from the famous manchester restaurant, the two chefs had to go through a competition against other top quality chefs, each cooking up a two course meal from the ingredients given to them. And the pair impressed the is so much that headmaster Peter tied instantly hire them. And now the children are fed with smoked beef and fish with lemon for just two point three five pounds a day. The chefs cooked up to five hundred meals a day. Now all the kids are excited about dining at school. And the only problem now is that parents have to keep up with the chef's high standards when cooking for their children at home. One mother said, my son used to complain that the food at school was boring. Now he comes home and turns his nose up at the burger I make. Besides excEllent cooking skills, the most important secret to the chef's success lies in their attention on students preference. Every week, they do some small testers to see students s reaction through the test. They know what food would win over students, and they put IT on the menu. No wonder that new lunch has given the whole schooler lift with only the Price of two point three five pounds. Now listen again, please listeners. You will envy the pupils of the to high school as these days, thanks to two new excEllent chefs in the school kitchen, they enjoy potato salad or thi style fish cakes, and although meals are five star quality, they cost only two point three five pounds. After students complained about boring lunch, the school recently called in adam levy and soup dev, seen both formerly from the famous manchester restaurant, the two chefs had to go through a competition against other top quality chefs, each cooking up a two course meal from the ingredients given to them. And the pair impressed the judges so much that headmaster Peter tied instantly hire them. And now the children are fed with smoked beef and fish with lemon for just two point three five pounds a day. The chefs cooked up to five hundred meals a day. Now all the kids are excited about dining at school. And the only problem now is that parents have to keep up with the chef's high standards when cooking for their children at home. One mother said, my son used to complain that the food at school was boring. Now he comes home and turns his nose up at the burger I make. Besides excEllent cooking skills, the most important secret to the chef's success lies in their attention on students preference. Every week, they do some small testers to see students reaction through the test. They know what food would win over students, and they put IT on the menu. No wonder that new lunch has given the whole schooler left with only the Price of two point three five pounds. Questions eleven, how was the two new chefs employed by lordi high school? Twelve, what is the problem? These two chef spring. Thirteen, why are the chefs so successful? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following report. When john and Victoria church arrived in new york from london for a one year's day, they brought no furniture with them. They have planned either to live in a furnish department or to buy used furniture, but they soon learned about a way of finishing an apartment or a house that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings has become one of america's fastest grame businesses. Why do people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? Many people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another. Fine, they can rent Better quality furniture than they could afford to buy. Those include international business, government officials, airline workers, Young married couples, besides, Young people with little money, do not want to buy cheap furniture that they will soon grow to dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they rent, and people whose work takes them from place to place save themselves the trouble of moving the furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new home. Now listen again, please. When john and Victoria church arrived in new york from london for a one year s day, they brought no furnitures with them. They had planned either to live in a furniture department or to buy used furniture ure. But they soon learned about a way of furnishing an apartment or a house that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings has become one of america's fast describe businesses. Why do people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? Many people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another fine, they can rent Better quality furniture than they could afford to buy. Those include international business, government officials, airline workers, Young married couples, besides, Young people with little money, do not want to buy cheap furniture that they will soon grow to dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they rent, and people whose work takes them from place to place save themselves the trouble of moving the furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new home. Questions fourteen, according to the passage, who are more likely to rent furnishes. Fifteen, why do people who move frequently rent furnishings? Sixteen, what might be the best title for the passage? Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. I enjoy going through second hand bookstores. Did you see this old book of children's s stories? Some of these books aren't. So although see this mystery was published only six years ago, IT cost seventy five cents. You can't beat that. Hey, look at this. What are you getting interested in poetry books? All of a sudden? no. Look at the inscription. Someone gave this book as a present and wrote a note on the inside of the front cover. IT was dated eighteen ninety three. Maybe it's worth something. Everything on this shelf is worth fifty cents. But if this is a signature of someone who is well known, IT might bring a lot more. I hear William shakespeare signature is worth about a million dollars. Oh, I can hardly read what one says. Who wrote the name? Looks like hero dobson, maybe dobin. Wasn't he a politician or something? I'm going to buy this book and see if I can find a name like that . in the library. Good luck. Your poetry book may make you rich. But all bet my seventy five cent mystery is a Better buy. Now listen again, please. I enjoy going through second hand bookstores. Did you see this old book of children's s stories? Some of these books aren't. So although see this mystery was publish only six years ago, IT costs seventy five cents. You can't beat that. Hey, look at this. What are you getting interested in poetry books? All of a sudden? no. Look at the inscription. Someone gave this book as a present and wrote a note on the inside of the front cover. IT was dated eighteen ninety three. Maybe it's worth something. Everything on this shelf is worth fifty cents. But if this is a signature of someone who is well known, IT might bring a lot more. I hear William shakespeare signature is worth . about a million dollars. Oh, I can hardly read what one says. Who wrote IT? The name looks like hero dobson, maybe dobin. Wasn't he a politician or something? I'm going to buy this book and see if I can find a name like that . in the library. Good luck. Your poetry book may make you rich. But all bet my seventy five cent mystery is a Better buy. Questions seventeen, why does the woman like going through second hand bookstores? Eighteen, what can we know about the man's purchase? Nineteen, why does the woman want to buy the poetry book? Twenty, what's the man's opinion on the woman's choice? That's the end of listening comprehensions.