Unit 1 Scientists B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（沪外版）

高中沪外版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪外版·选择性必修第二册Unit1 Scientists B部分 单元词汇总览 chemist/'kemist/n.化学家 master/'ma:st/v.掌握，精通crucial/'ku:/ad.至关重要的： helix/'hi:lksn.螺旋（形）△ crystallography/,kristl'pgrafi/,n.关键性的 scientific/,saren'tfik/adi.科学晶体学△ breakthrough/'breikOru:/n.重大 (上)的：关于科学的 assign/A'san/v.分配（某物）：分进展：突破△ advance./ad'vans/n.进步，进展派（工作、任务等） fellow/'felav/adj.同类的：同事 undying/n'daI/adj.永恒的；永unnoticed/,△n'nautrst/ad.未被 的：同伴的 久的：不朽的△ 看见的：未受到注意的 gender/'d3enda/n.性别 passion/'pe∫n/n.酷爱 female/'fi:meil/adj.女性的 inequality/,mr'kwplati/n.不平 make-believe/merk bI'li:v/n.虚puzzle/'pAz/n.不解之谜：疑问：等：不平衡△ 构：想象△ 谜△ unfair/,n'fea/adj.不公正的：不 disapproval/,.dsa'pru:l/n.不赞couple/'kp/V.连接，结合 公平的 成：反对△ clarity/'klarti/n.清晰的思维head-on/,hed'Dn/adv.直接地； publish/'pabl/v.发表 (或理解)能力△ 正面地 cycle/'sakl/v.骑自行车；骑自evidence/evidans/n.根据：证明：get in the way of短语挡…路： 行车旅行 证据 妨碍 bomb/bDm/v.轰炸；对…投炸data/dete/n.数据，资料 get hold of短语抓住；拿着：得 弹 irus/'varras/n.病毒；滤过性病到；获得 earm3n/V.赢得，博得 读 lose heart短语丧失信心；泄气 doctorate/'doktarit/n.博士学位credit/'kredit/n.赞扬；称赞：认 可 易错词汇精讲 1.advance/ad'vans/n.进步，进展 ·易错点：易混淆词性，误将名词误用为动词：作动词时易误写为advence。 ·精讲：作名词时，常用搭配make advances(取得进步)：作动词时表示“前进：促进”，如advance the cause of science(推动科学事业)。 ·例句：Great advances have been made in medical science.(医学取得了巨大进步。) ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Scientists have made great in the treatment of cancer..(答案：advance) 2.publish/'pAblif/v.发表 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易漏写中间的l,误写为pubish:易混淆“发表（作品）”与“出版”的用法，publish a paper指“发表论文”，publish a book指“出版书籍”。 ·精讲：常用搭配publish sth.in a magazine/newspaper(在杂志/报纸上发表某物)。 ·例句：Her article was published in a leading scientific journal ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The research team plans to their findings in a top journal next month.(答案：publish) 3.doctorate/'doktarIt/n.博士学位 ·易错点：易与doctor(医生：博士)混淆，doctor指“博士”时为学位名称，doctorate指“博士 学位”这一资格。 ·精讲：固定搭配earm/receive a doctorate(获得博士学位)。 ·例句：She spent five years studying for her doctorate in chemistry. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：After completing his studies,he was awarded a in engineering.(答案：doctorate) 4.evidence/'evidans/n.根据：证据 ·易错点：易误写为evident(形容词，明显的)：为不可数名词，无复数形式，易误用为evidences。 ·精讲：常用搭配provide evidence(提供证据)；there is evidence that..(有证据表明…)。 ·例句：The police found no evidence of a crime at the scene. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：There is strong that regular exercise is good for health.(答案：evidence) 5.data/'dert/n.数据，资料 ·易错点：易混淆单复数，data为复数形式（单数为datum,已罕见），但在非正式语境中常被视 为不可数名词，谓语动词可用单数或复数。 ·精讲：指“一组数据”时常用a set of data:“数据显示”用data show/indicates。 ·例句：The data collected from the experiment are/is very valuable. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The shows that the company's profits have increased by20%this year.(答案：data) 6.credit/'kredit/.n.赞扬：称赞：认可 ·易错点：易混淆“赞扬”与“信用”的含义：固定搭配give credit to sb.for sth.(因某事赞扬某 人)中易漏写to。 ·精讲：作“信用”时，常用搭配credit card(信用卡)：作“赞扬”时，比praise更正式。 ·例句：She deserves credit for her hard work on the project 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：We should give to the team for their successful completion of the task.(答案：credit) 7.crucial/'ku/adj.至关重要的；关键性的 ·易错点：易误读为/'kru/,重音应在第一音节；易与critical(关键的)混淆，crucial强调“决 定性作用”，critical更侧重“危急的”。 ·精讲：常用搭配be crucial to/.for sth.(对某事至关重要)。 ·例句：A good education is crucial to a child's development. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Effective communication is to the success of any team project..(答案：crucial). 8.breakthrough/'breikeru:/n.重大进展：突破 ·易错点：易拆分错误，误写为break through(动词短语，突破)：为可数名词，易漏写复数形式 breakthroughs。 ·精讲：常用搭配make a breakthrough(取得突破)。 ·例句：Scientists announced a major breakthrough in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：After years of research,.the team finally made a in renewable energy technology.(答案：breakthrough) 9.inequality/,In'kwplati/.n.不平等；不平衡 ·易错点：易漏写中间的e,误写为inequlaity;易与inequality(不等式)的数学含义混淆，需结 合语境判断。 ·精讲：常用搭配social inequality(社会不平等)；gender inequality(性别不平等)。 ·例句：The report highlights the growing inequality between rich and poor. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Efforts should be made to reduce in access to education.(答案：inequality) l0.get in the way of短语挡…路；妨碍 ·易错点：易漏写the,误写为get in way of:of为介词，后接名词或动名词，易误接动词原形。 ·精讲：强调“阻碍某事的进展”，如Her shyness got in the way of her career ·例句：Don't let fear get in the way of pursuing your dreams.. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Lack of confidence can your personal growth.(答案：get in the way of) 11.lose heart短语丧失信心：泄气 ·易错点：易误写为lose one'sheart(爱上某人)，混淆固定短语含义：heat前无所有格代词。 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·精讲：表示“因困难而失去信心”，反义词组为take heart(鼓起勇气)。 ·例句：Never lose heart even if you fail many times ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Although he faced many challenges,.he did not (答案：lose heart) 12.master/ma:ste/v.掌握，精通 ·易错点：易混淆动词“掌握”与名词“大师；主人”的含义；易误写为mastar。 ·精讲：常用搭配master a skil/language(掌握技能/语言)：master比leam更强调“熟练掌握”。 ·例句：It takes years to master a foreign language. ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：She spent three years practicing to the art of piano playing.(答案：master) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Scientists have made great in the field of artificial intelligence ●A.advance ●B.advances ●C.advence 。D.advancing 2.The research team plans to their new findings in a famous science journal. 。A.pubish ·B.publish ·C.published ·D.publishing 3.After years of hard work,she finally earned her in physics. 。A.doctor ●B.doctorate 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·C.doctor's ●D.doctoral 4.There is strong that the new drug can cure the disease. ●A.evident ●B.evidence ·C.evidences ·D.evidents 5.The collected from the survey that most students prefer online learning ●A.data,show ●B.datas,shows 。C.data,shows ●D.datas,show 6.We should give to the whole team for their excellent performance. ●A.credit ●B.credits ·C.praise ●D.praises 7.Effective communication is to the success of the project. ●A.crucial ●B.critical ·C.cuel ●D.curious 8.The scientists announced a major in the treatment of heart disease. ●A.break through 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·B.breakthrough ·C.breaking through ·D.breaks through 9.Social has become a hot topic in modern society. ·A.inequality ·B.inequlaity ·C.equal ·D.equally 10.It takes years of practice to a foreign language perfectly. ●A.lea1n ●B.study ●C.master ●D.nemorize 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.With the (of technology,our life has become more convenient. 2.The professor has (发表)over50 papers in international journals. 3.He receivedhis (博士学位)from Harvard University last year, 4.The police are still looking for (证据)to prove the suspect is guilty. 5.The from the experiment need to be analyzed carefully. 6.She deserves (赞扬for her contribution to the project 7.This is a (至关重要的)moment for our company's future development.. 8.The team has made a major (突破)in cancer research. 9.We should try to reduce (不平等)between different regions. 10.Don't let fear (妨碍)your dreams. 3.三、首字母填空 1.Great a have been made in medical science in recent years. 高中沪外版 寒假专版 2.The newspaper p. an article about environmental protection yesterday. 3.She is studying for her d in chemistry at Beijing University 4.There is no e to suggest that he was at the crime scene. 5.The d shows that the product is popular among young people. 6.Give c to those who have worked hard to achieve the goal. 7.It is c to get enough sleep before an important exam 8.The scientists are trying to make a b in renewable energy. 9.I in education can lead to social problems. 10.Never 1 h even if you face many difficulties. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The company has made great (advance)in developing new products. 2.His new book will be (publish)next month. 3.She spent five years working on her (doctorate) 4.The police found some (evidence)in the suspect's house. 5.The (data)collected from the survey (show)interesting results 6.We should give credit to the workers for (they)hard work. 7.This decision is crucial for the (succeed)of the project. 8.The team has made several (breakthrough)in their research. 9.There are many forms of social (inequality)in the world. 10.He has mastered (speak)three foreign languages. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.B3B4.B5.A6.A7.A8B9.A10.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.advance 2.published 3.doctorate 4.evidence 5.data 6.credit 7.crucial 8.breakthrough 9.inequality 10.get in the way of ·三、首字母填空 1.advances 2.published 3.doctorate 4.evidence 5.data 6.credit 7.crucial 8.breakthrough 9.Inequality 10.lose heart 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.advances 2.published 3.doctorate 4.evidence 5.data;show 6.their 7.success 8.breakthroughs 9.in- equality 10.speaking